CN110451752A - The integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge and salkali waste waste liquid - Google Patents
The integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge and salkali waste waste liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN110451752A CN110451752A CN201910757806.8A CN201910757806A CN110451752A CN 110451752 A CN110451752 A CN 110451752A CN 201910757806 A CN201910757806 A CN 201910757806A CN 110451752 A CN110451752 A CN 110451752A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge and salkali waste, waste liquid.Activated sludge, oily sludge, spent lye and waste liquid proportionally exchange heat after mixer as raw material and autoreactivity effluent, and the raw material after heat exchange is in reactor and air generation liquid phase oxidation reaction.Three phase separation is carried out to knockout drum after reactor effluent and raw material heat exchange are cooling, isolates gas, sewage and sludge, gas to exhaust treatment system, sewage to sewage farm, sludge goes filter press to be further dehydrated, and dehydration dewatered sludge is sent to outside factory.The present invention realizes the integrated treatment of sludge and waste liquid；Make full use of oxidation reaction heat carry out water, oil, it is solid efficiently separate, provide fuel gas without external, reduce the energy consumption of device, reduce occupied area and environmental pollution；Treated, and Biodegradability of Wastewater is strong, meets the requirement of sewage farm storage, and treated, and dewatered sludge moisture content reaches 30% hereinafter, realizing the decrement discharge of sludge and waste liquid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processes for sludge and salkali waste, liquid waste processing, more particularly relate to sewage farm production
The reluctant useless solid and waste liquid such as raw activated sludge, oily sludge and salkali waste, waste liquid is mixed in a certain ratio, utilize from
The heat that body oxidation generates carries out the method and device of integrated treatment.
Background technique
Activated sludge, oily sludge and spent lye are the useless solid and waste liquids generated in sewage treatment and commercial processes.
Excess sludge of the activated sludge from sewage farm biochemical treatment tank, main component include water, microorganism, microorganism generation
Object, inoganic solids type object etc. are thanked, containing a large amount of microorganism, virus, helminth, organic matter, nitrogen, malodorant, moisture content is up to
Contained humidity can not be deviate from the method for mechanical dehydration in 70-99%, especially microbial body, and water content is all after mechanical dehydration
85% or more.
These sludge are polluted sternly using the method filled after mechanical dehydration, but to surrounding enviroment and underground water source earliest
Weight.Later using the method burned after mechanical dehydration, energy consumption is very high, and burning is improper to generate the toxic gases such as dioxin, causes
Air seriously pollutes.Now with the technique that roasting, the hot water boiling using steam heat and rotary kiln are burned, energy consumption and cost are all very high.
Tank of the oily sludge usually from pretreatment systems and tank system such as the oil removal of part of contaminated water Treatment stations oily wastewater series, air bearings
The comparison of ingredients at bottom, oily sludge is complicated, belongs to heterogeneous system, generally by water, oil, oil-water emulsion, solid suspension, colloid
The composition such as particulate matter, heavy metal, ammonia nitrogen, COD, BOD, viscosity is larger to be difficult to sedimentation separation, and moisture content is generally 70% or more.It should
Class sludge is difficult to recycle in the industrial production, disregards and carries out outward transport stacking, will generate bad influence to environment.
Spent lye is also known as alkaline residue, and usually from industrial processes, the sodium hydroxide solution of high concentration high-purity is as solvent, washing
The lye for becoming low concentration after acidic materials in industrial chemicals or product, as alkaline residue discharge, the composition of alkaline residue and by alkali cleaning
Material properties it is related.Salt, the vulcanized sodium, sodium mercaptides, aphthenic acids that alkaline residue typically contains unreacted alkali, acid-base neutralization generates
Sodium, phenol, hydrocarbons etc., moisture content is also relatively high, and COD is generally in 20000-500000mg/l or so.Alkaline residue belongs to dangerous useless
Object, untreated direct emission can also make a very bad impression to environment.
As the country is more and more tighter to environmental requirement, develop both at home and abroad it is many respectively handle activated sludge, oily sludge,
The technology of alkaline residue and high-leveled and difficult waste liquid, target are to realize sludge and the minimizing of alkaline residue, stabilisation, innoxious and recycling.
It is directed to the no extraordinary method of processing of activated sludge both at home and abroad, mainly using at dehydration and drying minimizing
Reason, treated, and sludge transports landfill outside factory.The technology type of sludge drying is relatively more, has heating evaporation desiccation, the sun to be exposed to the sun
Desiccation, hot wind desiccation, mechanism filter-pressing or diafiltration desiccation etc..Heating evaporation desiccation and hot wind desiccation require a large amount of thermal energy and electricity
Can, energy consumption is higher.The sun be exposed to the sun desiccation needs time it is long, certain pollution is had to environment.Mechanism filter-pressing or diafiltration
The dehydrating effect of desiccation is poor, and the moisture content of sludge is higher after desiccation, and reduced training is unobvious.Activated sludge through above-mentioned desiccation at
There is still a need for the techniques such as burning disposal, the roasting, hot cooking of steam heat to be further processed after reason, and investment and operating cost are all very high.
The method of processing oily sludge mainly has both at home and abroad: incineration method, biological treatment, pyrolysismethod, solvent extraction, change
Learn demulsification method, solid-liquid isolation method etc..Incineration method is directly burned using the fuel gas combustion heat to sludge using incinerator, is burnt
The energy consumption of burning method is larger, and oily resource does not recycle, and can generate secondary pollution.Biological treatment is that microorganism is mutually made using oil
Assimilation degradation is carried out for carbon source, make its mineralising and is converted into harmless inorganic matter.Biological treatment needs to mix oily sludge with pine
Powder, fertilizer and cultivation liquid make oily mutually degradation by long-time ventilation, and big react is taken up an area in the recycling useless of same oil resource
Time is long.Pyrolysismethod is sludge to be heated to certain temperature to be flashed, the lighter hydrocarbons and water flashed off by evaporative condenser into
The characteristics of row separation, recycles light oil and sewage, and heavy hydrocarbon and inorganic matter carry out being separated by solid-liquid separation again recycling heavy oil, pyrolysismethod is recyclable
Weight sump oil, environmental pollution is few, but heating needs fuel gas, and energy consumption is relatively high.Solvent extraction is to utilize extractant will
Oily sludge dissolution separates organic matter and oil mutually from sludge, oil and solvent are again then by stirring and centrifuge separation
It is separated by distillation, solvent recycles, oil recycling and freshening, solvent extraction process flow length, complex process, energy consumption
And processing cost is high.Chemical demulsification method is that demulsifier is added in oily sludge, by settle or be centrifugated make oil and it is inorganic
Object separation, but chemical demulsification method needs to heat, energy consumption is higher, and the screening difficulty of demulsifier is larger, lacks efficient adaptability
Strong demulsifier, the operating cost that demulsifier is added are also relatively high.Solid-liquid isolation method usually has sedimentation separation, centrifuge separation, eddy flow
Separation and filtering etc., due to the oil-water emulsion in oily sludge, Water-In-Oil and oil-in-water, oily Bao Gu and solid oil suction, water Bao Gu and
Gu the reasons such as water suction, keep solid-liquid separation efficiency very low, big energy consumption height is invested, oil cannot be recycled effectively.
The processing method of alkaline residue mainly has: sulfuric acid neutralisation, incineration method, dilution facture, wet oxidation process, catalysis flue gas
Neutralisation.Sulfuric acid neutralisation mainly has sedimentation separation, sulfuric acid neutralization, oil removing, controls the pH value of waste water, sulfuric acid neutralisation cannot
COD and pollutant are removed, toxic harmful gases can be generated by neutralizing adjustment process, and biodegradability does not improve, at general sewage
Reason field is difficult to receive.Incineration method is alkaline residue high temperature incineration in incinerator, removes water removal and pollutant, but needs in burning process
A large amount of fuel gas or fuel oil, and SO can be generated2Equal toxic gases, processing cost are high.Dilution facture is using a large amount of low
The water of pollutant concentration dilutes alkaline sewage, reaches the index into sewage farm, and dilution facture needs a large amount of
The water of low pollution object concentration, water source are difficult to obtain, even if there is the water of low pollution object concentration, sewage treatment plant's load increases, and cause
Investment improves and operating cost increases.Wet oxidation process is wet air oxidation, and the inorganic matter and organic matter in alkaline residue are oxidized
At thiosulfate, nitrite and phosphate, thus reach deodorization and reduce acidization sour dosage, treatment effect compared with
Good, which generally individually handles waste soda residue, but since concentration of lye is higher, and equipment easily corrodes leakage, material requirement
Height, cost of investment are big.
In conclusion there are the following problems for existing activated sludge, oily sludge and spent lye processing technique:
First, activated sludge, oily sludge and spent lye processing can only be handled respectively using different technologies, process is multiple
It is miscellaneous, take up a large area, invest that high, operating cost is more, deficiency in economic performance.
Second, needing to consume fuel gas, chemical agent (sulfuric acid, demulsifier etc.) in the treatment process of sludge, increase
Energy consumption and agent consumption, need the supply, storage, transportation facility of auxiliary construction fuel gas and medicament.
Third, process flow is complicated, operation difficulty is big, and labor intensity of workers is high.
Fourth, partial sludge processing method will appear secondary pollution in technical process.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, provide a kind of without external heating
The integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge and salkali waste, waste liquid, while realizing activated sludge, oily sludge and salkali waste
Liquid, which is mixed in a certain ratio, carries out collaboration processing.
A kind of self-heating sludge and salkali waste, the integrated conduct method of waste liquid and device include mixing in proportion for different material
It closes, raw material and the heat exchange of product, the reacting of raw material, the dewatering unit of the three phase separation of reaction product and solid ash content.
Different material in proportion mixing refer to activated sludge, oily sludge and spent lye in order with the mixing of ratio.
The heat exchange of raw material and product refers to that mixed raw material and product utilization double-tube heat exchanger exchange heat, temperature needed for reaching reaction.
The reaction of raw material refer to mixed material in reactor under certain temperature and pressure, by injection air in the liquid phase with charging in
Oxidation reaction occurs for biological organic matter, organic pollutant, sulfide etc., promotes biological organic matter broken wall in activated sludge, even
It is oxidized to carbon dioxide, organic pollutant scission of link decomposes, sulfide is all oxidized to sulfate, and simultaneous reactions process is released a large amount of
Heat of reaction.The heat exchange of raw material and product refers to that reaction product passes through and raw material heat exchange is condensed cooling.The three-phase of reaction product
Separation refers to that the cooling reaction product that is condensed is settled by product knockout drum, realizes gas, liquid and solid material
Separation.The dehydration of solid ash content, which refers to, is further dehydrated water-bearing solid material by filter press, realizes the decrement of sludge solid waste
Discharge.
Wherein raw material reactor is vertical pressure vessel, and there is feedstock distributor in inside, air feed distributor, prevents
The sieve plate of back-mixing goes into operation and heats steam distributor and reaction product effuser.Volume, ratio of height to diameter, the anti-back-mixing of raw material reactor
Structure and quantity, the structure type of distributor of sieve plate are according to inlet amount, feed properties and requirement to product treatment effect
Determining by technology Calculation and test.
Raw material mixing surge tank and reaction product knockout drum include cone die bed tank body and built-in mixing agitator, blender
It is driven by motor, motor is mounted on tank deck.Raw material and product heat exchanger are reverse-flow double-tube heat exchanger.The dehydration of solid ash content is single
Member, dewatering unit set filter press, and the patterns such as vacuum type, centrifugal, plate and frame may be selected in filter press.
Material mixer is to realize being mixed in proportion for various different materials by automatically controlling.Raw material reactor
Temperature control is controlled by air feed regulating valve, and the control of the pressure of raw material reactor is by reaction product into product knockout drum
Regulating valve control.
More specific description:
Activated sludge, oily sludge and spent lye are proportionally sent under flow control respectively from respective head tank
It carries out futher stirring mixing by the blender in tank, so to raw material mixing surge tank after tentatively mixing to material mixer
It is sent by positive-displacement metering pump extraction to raw material and the heat exchange of product heat exchanger and is heated up afterwards, subsequently into raw material reactor, in reactor
Oxidation reaction occurs for interior and air, and air is sent after being boosted by compressor to reactor.It is after the outflow of reaction product autoreactor and former
Material heat exchange, the reaction product after being cooled is to reaction product knockout drum, and a small amount of gas that knockout drum flashes off is by condensing de- liquid
After send to exhaust treatment system, the water by precipitation and separation have good biodegradability, send to sewage farm and further locate
Reason, sludge fills outside the lower ash dispensing to factory of moisture content after the dehydration of solid ash content dewatering unit, or is further bonded pressure
It is made into certain specification stone ball, is used as construction material etc..
The prevailing operating conditions of raw material reactor are as follows:
| Serial number | Project | Unit | Numerical value |
| 1 | The accounting of different material | Wt% | |
| (1) | Activated sludge | 0-100 | |
| (2) | Oily sludge | 0-50 | |
| (3) | Spent lye or waste liquid | 0-100 | |
| 2 | The ratio of air capacity and material quantity | V% | 10-200 |
| 3 | Reactor pressure | MPa(g) | 1-12 |
| 4 | Temperature of reactor | ℃ | 100-320 |
| 5 | Residence time (room temperature) | h | 0.5-6 |
Of the invention a kind of self-heating sludge and salkali waste, the integrated conduct method of waste liquid and device have effect following prominent
Fruit:
First is that activated sludge, oily sludge and salkali waste waste liquid mix processing, not only reduces and individually handle
Device tricks, equipment number, reduce land occupation and investment, and due to the interaction of sludge and alkaline residue, reduce processing
Difficulty, lye can also avoid equipment scaling problem in sludge handling process.The addition of oily sludge can be conducive to delivery of supplemental oxygen
The heat of change process.
Second is that in addition spontaneous heating process makes full use oxidation reaction heat release consumes fuel and chemistry as heat source, due to no
Medicament greatly reduces operating cost and energy consumption.
Third is that treatment process totally-enclosed is more environment-friendly without fuel consumption.
Fourth is that the synergistic effect of activated sludge, oily sludge and spent lye, saves to prevent heat exchanger and pipeline scale
And system is added in the nitric acid being arranged, and extends the service life of equipment and pipeline.
Fifth is that oxygen occurs with biological organic matter, organic pollutant, sulfide in charging etc. in the liquid phase by injection air
Change reaction, promotes biological organic matter broken wall in activated sludge, is even oxidized to carbon dioxide, the decomposition of organic pollutant scission of link, sulphur
Compound is all oxidized to sulfate, thoroughly discharges moisture in sludge, is easy to inorganic ash content with what moisture separation became, can reach
The target of mud decrement discharge, contained pollutant are realized and are effectively administered.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is that the process of of the invention a kind of self-heating sludge and salkali waste, the integrated conduct method of waste liquid and device is shown
It is intended to.
In Fig. 1:
Equipment: a raw material mixing surge tank；B raw material and product exchanger；C raw material reactor；D reaction product knockout drum；e
Filter press；F blender；G material mixer；H metering pump；I air compressor；J temperature control valve；K pressure-control valve；1 sieve
Plate；M motor；N distributor.
Logistics: 1 activated sludge；2 oily sludges；3 spent lyes；4 mixed raw materials；5 air；6 reaction products；7 aqueous dirts
Mud；8 sewage；9 dewatered sludges；10 low pressure flash gas；11 steam.
Specific embodiment
Further details of narration is done to the present invention in conjunction with attached drawing further below.
It is carried out as shown, raw material activated sludge 1, oily sludge 2 and spent lye 3 are proportionally sent to material mixer g
Preliminary mixing, mixed material mixed raw material 4 to raw material mixing surge tank a, the blender f driven in tank by motor m into
One step is stirred, and is then sent by positive-displacement metering pump h extraction to raw material and product heat exchanger b heat exchange and is heated up, is warming up to 180
Material 4 after DEG C -280 DEG C enters raw material reactor c, occurs in raw material reactor c with the air 5 from air compressor I
Oxidation reaction, air 5 is into temperature control valve j is set before raw material reactor, and mixed raw material 4, air 5 and steam 11 are in raw material reactor
Distributor n is inside set, to guarantee that charging is evenly distributed, sieve plate 1 is set in raw material reactor, is flowed up with reducing reaction stream
A large amount of back-mixings of process.200 DEG C -320 DEG C of reaction product 6 is from after raw material reactor c outflow by raw material and product heat exchanger b
Heat exchange is cooled to 50 DEG C or so, and reaction product 6 passes through pressure-control valve k to reaction product knockout drum d, separates in reaction product
A small amount of low pressure flash gas 10 that tank d is flashed off is sent to exhaust treatment system, the static sewage 8 isolated send to sewage farm into
The processing of one step, the sludge 7 of the bottom reaction product knockout drum d are further dehydrated using filter press e, the sewage 8 that filter press e is separated
To sewage farm, the lower ash content 9 of moisture content is used as construction material after sending to landfill outside factory or molding.Reaction product knockout drum
Blender f equipped with motor m driving in d starts blender so that product sludge flows when sludge deposits.
Claims (9)
1. the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge and salkali waste, waste liquid, specifically to handle sewage treatment
Based on activated sludge caused by industry, processing oily sludge, salkali waste and other reluctant waste liquids are taken into account.Method and device
The reacting of mixing in proportion, raw material and the heat exchange of product, raw material including different material, the three phase separation of reaction product and solid
The dewatering unit of ash content.It is characterized in that:
The different material mixes in proportion refers to that activated sludge and oily sludge, spent lye or waste liquid carry out by a certain percentage
Mixing.The heat exchange of the raw material and product refers to that mixed raw material and product utilization heat exchanger exchange heat, reach to feed into
Row preheating and reaction discharging carry out the purpose of heat recovery.The reaction of the raw material refer to mixed material in reactor, In
Under certain temperature and pressure, occurred in the liquid phase with biological organic matter, organic pollutant, sulfide in charging etc. by injection air
Oxidation reaction promotes biological organic matter broken wall in activated sludge, is even oxidized to carbon dioxide, the decomposition of organic pollutant scission of link,
Sulfide is all oxidized to sulfate, and simultaneous reactions process releases a large amount of heat of reaction.The three phase separation of the reaction product
Refer to that cooled reaction product is settled in product knockout drum, realizes the separation of gas, liquid and solid material.Described
The dehydration of solid ash content, which refers to, is further dehydrated solid ash content by filter press, realizes the decrement discharge of sludge solid waste, meets
Gas, liquid, solid environmental emission standard.
2. the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge as claimed in claim 1 and salkali waste, waste liquid, it is characterised in that:
Including raw material reactor.The raw material reactor is vertical pressure vessel, and there are feedstock distributor, air feed distribution in inside
Device, the sieve plate for preventing back-mixing go into operation and heat steam distributor and reaction product effuser.
3. the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge as claimed in claim 1 and salkali waste, waste liquid, the raw material reaction
The volume of device, ratio of height to diameter, the structure of anti-back-mixing sieve plate and quantity, the structure type of distributor are according to inlet amount, feed properties
And the requirement to product treatment effect by technology Calculation and tests determination.
4. the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge as claimed in claim 1 and salkali waste, waste liquid, feature include original
Material mixing surge tank, the raw material mixing surge tank includes cone die bed tank body and built-in mixing agitator, and blender is by motor
Driving, motor are mounted on tank deck.
5. the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge as claimed in claim 1 and salkali waste, waste liquid, feature include anti-
Product knockout drum is answered, the reaction product knockout drum includes cone die bed tank body and built-in mixing agitator, and blender is by motor
Driving, motor are mounted on tank deck.
6. the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge as claimed in claim 1 and salkali waste, waste liquid, feature include original
Material and product heat exchanger, the raw material and product heat exchanger are reverse-flow double-tube heat exchanger.
7. the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge as claimed in claim 1 and salkali waste, waste liquid, feature include solid
Body ash content dewatering unit, dewatering unit set filter press, and the patterns such as vacuum type, centrifugal, plate and frame may be selected in filter press.
8. the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge as claimed in claim 1 and salkali waste, waste liquid, feature include original
Expect that mixer, the material mixer are to realize being mixed in proportion for various different materials by automatically controlling.
9. the integrated conduct method and device of a kind of self-heating sludge as claimed in claim 1 and salkali waste, waste liquid, feature include original
Expect the temperature of reactor and the control system of pressure, the temperature control of the raw material reactor is by air feed regulating valve control
System, the pressure control of the raw material reactor are controlled by the regulating valve of reaction product into product knockout drum.
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| CN112830645A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-25 | 杨山林 | A method, system and application for separating activated sludge biomass |
| CN112830644A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-25 | 杨山林 | Activated sludge biomass separation method and system and application |
| CN114988552A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-09-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Treatment system and method for waste alkali liquor |
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