CN110447355B - Mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering device - Google Patents
Mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110447355B CN110447355B CN201910843522.0A CN201910843522A CN110447355B CN 110447355 B CN110447355 B CN 110447355B CN 201910843522 A CN201910843522 A CN 201910843522A CN 110447355 B CN110447355 B CN 110447355B
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 61
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
一种机械气力式通用型排种装置，包括充种箱、排种滚筒、清种气吹系统、集散种箱、排种气吹系统；排种滚筒的外壁分布底部设置卸种孔的种条安装槽；充种箱设置在排种滚筒的上方，集散种箱设置在排种滚筒的下方，且充种箱的充种口与一部分种条安装槽连通，集散种箱的顶部设置开放式集种口；各种条安装槽内嵌入带有排种孔的排种条，各种条安装槽内的排种孔与卸种孔一一对应设置；清种气吹系统位于所述充种箱与所述集散种箱之间，且其气嘴朝向排种滚筒的排种孔设置，在排种滚筒旋转过程中气嘴依次与位于各种条安装槽内的排种条上的排种孔相连通；排种气吹系统位于排种滚筒的中部，且其气嘴在排种滚筒旋转过程中依次与各种条安装槽上的卸种孔相连通。
A mechanical-pneumatic general-purpose seed metering device includes a seed filling box, a seed metering drum, a seed cleaning air blowing system, a collecting and distributing seed box, and a seed metering air blowing system; the outer wall of the seed metering drum distributes seed strips with seed discharge holes at the bottom. Installation groove; the seed filling box is arranged above the seed-metering drum, the collecting and distributing seed box is arranged below the seed-metering drum, and the seed filling port of the seed filling box is connected with a part of the seed strip installation groove, and the top of the collecting and distributing seed box is provided with an open collecting and distributing seed box. Seed openings; Seed metering strips with seed metering holes are embedded in various strip installation grooves, and the seed metering holes in various strip installation grooves and the seed discharge holes are set in one-to-one correspondence; the seed cleaning air blowing system is located in the seed filling box It is arranged between the collecting and distributing seed box, and its air nozzles are arranged towards the seed metering holes of the seed metering drum. During the rotation of the seed metering drum, the air nozzles are sequentially connected with the seed metering holes on the seed metering strips located in the various strip installation grooves. The seed discharge air blowing system is located in the middle of the seed discharge drum, and its air nozzle is connected with the seed discharge holes on the various strip installation grooves in turn during the rotation of the seed discharge drum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seed metering device of a seeder, in particular to a mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering device.
Background
The seed metering device is a main working part of the seeder, and the seeding level of the seeder is determined by the quality of the seed metering device. At present, a mechanical seed sowing device and a pneumatic seed sowing device are mainly used, but the existing mechanical seed sowing device has low seed sowing precision, is easy to damage seeds and has poor adaptability to seeds, and although the pneumatic seed sowing device has high seed sowing precision, the pneumatic seed sowing device has high requirement on sealing performance and low working reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and provide a mechanical pneumatic universal seed sowing device which cannot damage seeds and has low sealing requirement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a mechanical pneumatic universal seed sowing device comprises a frame, wherein a seed filling box, a seed sowing roller, a seed cleaning air blowing system, a seed protecting plate, a seed collecting and distributing box and a seed sowing air blowing system are arranged in the frame;
the seed discharging roller is connected with the rack through a bearing, a plurality of seed strip mounting grooves are distributed on the outer wall of the seed discharging roller, a mounting space is arranged in the middle of the seed strip mounting groove, a plurality of seed discharging holes are arranged at the bottom of the seed strip mounting groove, and the seed discharging holes penetrate through the seed strip mounting grooves and are communicated with the mounting space;
the seed charging box is arranged above the seed discharging roller, the collecting and distributing seed box is arranged below the seed discharging roller, a seed charging opening of the seed charging box is communicated with a part of the seed strip mounting grooves, and an open seed collecting opening is arranged at the top of the collecting and distributing seed box;
seed discharging strips are fixedly arranged in each seed strip mounting groove, a plurality of seed discharging holes are formed in the seed discharging strips, and the seed discharging holes of each seed strip mounting groove are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed discharging holes of the seed strips arranged in the seed strip mounting grooves;
the seed cleaning air-blowing system comprises a first air supply pipeline, a plurality of first air nozzles facing the seed metering roller are arranged on the first air supply pipeline, the first air supply pipeline is positioned between the seed charging box and the seed collecting and distributing box, and the first air nozzles are sequentially communicated with the seed metering holes on the seed metering strips positioned in the seed metering strip mounting grooves in the rotation process of the seed metering roller;
seed metering air-blowing system includes the second air supply pipe, the bottom of second air supply pipe sets up a plurality of second air faucets, just the second air supply pipe is located in the installation space of seed metering cylinder, the second air cock is in the rotatory in-process of seed metering cylinder is in proper order with each seed discharging hole on the kind mounting groove is linked together.
On the basis of combining the biological characteristics of crop seeds, the invention adopts the seed metering strips to be embedded into the seed metering mounting grooves, the seed metering strips are provided with the seed metering holes, the bottom of the seed metering mounting grooves is provided with the seed discharging holes aligned with the seed metering holes, thereby the flexible filling and seed discharging of the seeds can be completed by utilizing a pneumatic system (a seed cleaning air blowing system and a seed metering air blowing system), the seeds are not broken and damaged, the reliable seed metering is realized, in addition, the air nozzles of the seed cleaning air blowing system and the seed metering air blowing system are directly communicated with the seed metering holes or the seed discharging holes, and the sealing requirement of the invention is relatively reduced.
Further, the below of seed metering cylinder sets up inoculation cup, and the second air cock of seed metering air-blowing system with during the seed discharging hole intercommunication of seed bar mounting groove, the seed metering hole on the seed metering strip in the seed bar mounting groove is located inoculation cup top to in leading-in arable land of seed through inoculation cup, make the seed obtain better protection.
Furthermore, a photoelectric sensing device for detecting the discharge amount of the seeds is arranged below the inoculation cup and is connected with a single chip microcomputer so as to automatically count the number of the discharged seeds.
Further, the one end of kind strip mounting groove sets up to open the port, the seed metering strip with kind strip mounting groove passes through unsmooth cooperation structure sliding connection, and is located set up kind strip change mouth in the frame of open port department, can take out the seed metering strip through kind strip change mouth to the seed type, the size of sowing as required and the requirement of planting are replaced for the seed metering strip of corresponding specification.
Further, the cell walls on the two sides of the seed bar mounting groove are provided with sliding grooves, the two sides of the seed metering bar are provided with corresponding sliding bars, the sliding bars of the seed metering bar are sleeved in the sliding grooves of the seed bar mounting groove, and the seed metering bar can slide in the seed bar mounting groove through the matching of the sliding grooves and the sliding bars.
Furthermore, a cover body is arranged on the seed strip replacing opening to ensure the sealing of the rack, so that the cleaned seeds cannot fly out of the rack.
Furthermore, the bottom of the distribution seed box is provided with a clamping strip capable of opening the distribution seed box, and the clamping strip is in a step shape capable of being installed in and pulled out of the distribution seed box, so that seeds collected in the distribution seed box are cleaned conveniently, or the operation of returning the seeds to the seed filling seed box is realized.
Furthermore, seed sowing holes are not formed in part of the seed sowing strips, so that the planting distance can be adjusted conveniently.
Furthermore, one end of the seed sowing roller is provided with a chain wheel for power input.
Furthermore, a seed protecting plate is arranged outside the seed sowing roller between the first air nozzle and the second air nozzle so as to ensure that seeds cleared in the seed clearing process do not fall back into the seed sowing holes after the seeds are cleared and ensure that the seeds after being unloaded only fall into the seed receiving cup below.
Furthermore, unload the hole for the taper hole, just the big end of unloading the hole sets up for the second air cock to it is more concentrated to make the air current of unloading kind, more does benefit to and unloads kind.
The seed discharging hole is a conical hole, the small end of the seed discharging hole is opposite to the small end of the seed discharging hole, and the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole is equal to the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole, so that the seed discharging airflow can directly enter the seed discharging hole without being damaged and lost for seed discharging.
When being used for the small-particle size seed, the seed metering hole includes first section and the second section that sets gradually from outside to inside, and first section and second section all are the taper hole, and the tip of first section and second section is connected, the main aspects of second section with the tip of unloading the hole is adjacent to be set up, and the main aspects of second section footpath equals the tip bore of unloading the hole to the air current of unloading that does benefit to the small-particle size seed can be used for unloading the kind better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a partial explosion structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an exploded isometric view of the assembly of the feed roller and feed bar of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a detail view of a seed metering strip according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view showing the construction of the seed roller of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a seed metering roller of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a partial schematic structural view of the seed cleaning and air blowing system of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the cover body according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing the position of the seed holes of the seed metering strip of the present invention, wherein a is a seed metering strip suitable for conventional-sized seeds, b is a seed metering strip suitable for small-sized seeds, and c is a seed metering strip without seed holes.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. filling a seed box; 2. a seed roller; 3. a seed cleaning air blowing system; 4. protecting the seed plate; 5. collecting and distributing seed boxes; 6. a seed metering air-blowing system; 7. inoculating cups; 8. a photoelectric sensing device; 9. clamping the strip; 10. a frame; 11. a cover body; 12. seed metering strips; 13. a sprocket; 14. a seed strip replacing port; 21. a barrel; 22. a seed strip mounting groove; 23. an installation space; 31. a first air supply duct; 32. a first air tap; 61. a second air supply duct; 62. a second air tap; 121. a seed discharge hole; 122. a slide bar; 221. unloading the seed holes; 222. an open port; 223. a chute; 1211. a first stage; 1212. and a second section.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-11, one embodiment of the mechanical-pneumatic universal seeding device of the present invention includes a seed-filling box 1, a seeding roller 2, a seed-cleaning air-blowing system 3, a seed-collecting box 5, a seeding air-blowing system 6, an inoculation cup 7, and a photoelectric sensing device 8, which are arranged in a frame 10.
The seed metering roller 2 comprises a roller body 21 connected with the frame 10 through a bearing, the inner cavity of the roller body 21 is hollow, a plurality of seed bar mounting grooves 22 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the roller body, a plurality of seed discharging holes 221 penetrating through the roller body 21 are formed in the bottom of the seed bar mounting grooves 22, and one end of each seed bar mounting groove 22 is provided with an open port 222.
The seed filling box 1 is arranged above the seed sowing roller 2, the seed collecting and distributing box 5 is arranged on one side of the seed sowing roller 2, the seed filling port of the seed filling box 1 is communicated with one or more seed strip mounting grooves 22, and the top of the seed collecting and distributing box 5 is provided with an open seed collecting port. The bottom of the collecting and distributing seed box 5 is provided with a clamping strip 9 in a sliding manner, when seeds in the collecting and distributing seed box 5 are accumulated to a certain height, the clamping strip 9 can be taken out, and the scattered seeds in the collecting and distributing seed box 5 are collected and put back to the seed box 1 for continuous seed filling.
The seed sowing bar 12 is arranged in the seed sowing bar mounting groove 22, a plurality of seed sowing holes 121 are formed in the seed sowing bar 12, and the seed sowing holes 121 and the seed discharging holes 222 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The groove walls at two sides of the seed strip mounting groove 22 are provided with sliding grooves 223, the outer side of the seed strip 12 is provided with a sliding strip 122, the sliding strip 122 of the seed strip 12 is sleeved on the sliding groove 223 in a sliding manner, so that the seed strip 12 can slide relative to the seed strip mounting groove 22 through the guidance of the sliding grooves 223 and the sliding strip 122 and is drawn out from the open port 222 of the seed strip mounting groove 22.
The seed cleaning air blowing system 3 comprises a first air supply pipeline 31, the first air supply pipeline 31 is arranged above the cylinder 21 and is positioned between the seed charging box 1 and the seed collecting and distributing box 5, a plurality of first air nozzles 32 are arranged at the bottom of the first air supply pipeline 31, and the first air nozzles 32 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the seed sowing holes 121, so that the seed cleaning is realized efficiently.
The seed cup 7 is used as a channel for the seed hole 121 and a seed hole in the farmland. The inoculation cups 7 are positioned below the cylinder body 21, and a plurality of inoculation cups 7 are arranged and are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed discharging holes 121 above the inoculation cups. The lower end of the inoculation cup 7 is provided with a photoelectric sensing device 8, and the photoelectric sensing device 8 is connected with the single chip microcomputer to calculate the seed discharge capacity.
The seed discharging air blowing system 6 comprises a second air supply pipeline 61 arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder 21, a plurality of second air nozzles 62 are arranged at the bottom of the second air supply pipeline, the second air nozzles 62 are arranged downwards and are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed discharging holes 221 and the seed discharging holes 121 below the second air nozzles 62, so that the seed can be discharged efficiently.
The seed discharging hole 221 is a tapered hole, and the large end of the seed discharging hole 221 is arranged opposite to the second air nozzle 62, so that the seed discharging air flow is more concentrated, and the seed discharging is more facilitated. As used herein, the "large end" is the large diameter end of the seed discharge or metering hole and the "small end" is the small diameter end of the seed discharge or metering hole.
The seed metering strips 12 can be provided with a plurality of sets according to the sizes of different kinds of seeds, and each set of seed metering strips 12 is provided with seed metering holes 121 with different apertures. Seed bars 12 without seed holes 121 may also be provided to facilitate changing the spacing of the rows by inserting seed bars without seed holes.
In order to facilitate the seed cleaning airflow to enter and clean the seeds quickly separated from the seed discharging hole, the seed discharging hole 121 is a conical hole, the large end of the seed discharging hole 121 is arranged opposite to the first air nozzle 32, the small end of the seed discharging hole 121 is arranged opposite to the small end of the seed discharging hole 221, and the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole 121 is equal to the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole 221, so that the seed discharging airflow can directly enter the seed discharging hole 121 for seed discharging without being damaged.
When the seed metering strip 12 is used for small-particle-size seeds, the seed metering hole 121 comprises a first section 1211 and a second section 1212 which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the first section 1211 and the second section 1212 are both conical holes, the small end of the first section 1211 is connected with the small end of the second section 1212, the large end of the second section 1212 is arranged adjacent to the small end of the seed discharging hole 221, and the diameter of the large end of the second section 1212 is equal to the diameter of the small end of the seed discharging hole 221, so that the seed discharging airflow of the small-particle-size seeds can be better used for discharging the seeds.
One end of the cylinder 21 is provided with a chain wheel 13, and the chain wheel 13 is connected with a power device through a chain to realize power input. A seed stick changing opening 14 is provided on the frame 10 at the other end of the cylinder 21 to facilitate the withdrawal of the seed stick 12 from the seed stick changing opening 14 for changing the seed stick 12. A cover body 11 is provided on the seed stick replacing port 14 to close the seed stick replacing port 14.
The seed protection plate 4 is arranged outside the seed discharging roller 2 between the first air nozzle 32 and the second air nozzle 62 to ensure that the seeds cleared in the seed clearing process do not fall back into the seed discharging holes 121 which are cleared completely, and ensure that the seeds after being discharged only fall into the seed receiving cup 7 below.
When the seed sowing roller works: the power is transmitted to the chain wheel 13 through the chain to drive the seed discharging roller 2 to rotate, at this time, the seeds in the seed charging box 1 are contacted with the seed discharging holes 121 on the seed discharging strips 12 under the action of gravity and pressure to realize the seed charging, and the charged seeds are driven by the chain wheel 13 to rotate in the seed discharging roller 2 (because the slide strips 122 of the seed discharging strips 12 are clamped on the sliding grooves 223). When the seed metering strip 12 rotates to the first air nozzle 32 of the seed cleaning air blowing system 3 (connected with the fan), the seeds in the seed metering hole 121 are cleaned and fixed through the first air nozzle 32 until only one seed is left in the seed metering hole 121, and the seeds cleaned from the seed metering hole 121 fall into the seed filling box 1 or the seed collecting and distributing box 5. After the seed cleaning air-blowing system 3 is cleaned, only one seed in the seed discharging hole 121 continuously rotates in the seed discharging roller 2, and rotates to the position corresponding to the second air nozzle of the seed discharging air-blowing system 6 (connected with a fan) under the protection of the seed protecting plate 4, the seed is discharged through the seed discharging hole 221 and the seed discharging hole 121 by strength, and the seed after being discharged falls into the seed receiving cup 7 to realize seed discharging.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application in any way, and although the present application has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes and modifications within the technical scope of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application, and therefore all the changes and modifications can be made within the technical scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910843522.0A CN110447355B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910843522.0A CN110447355B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110447355A CN110447355A (en) | 2019-11-15 |
| CN110447355B true CN110447355B (en) | 2021-11-19 |
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| CN201910843522.0A Expired - Fee Related CN110447355B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Mechanical pneumatic universal seed metering device |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112369169B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2025-01-24 | 河南农业大学 | Auxiliary seed filling air suction type precision seed metering device with negative pressure air chamber concave-convex sealing structure |
| CN114402752B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-11-01 | 永好智能科技(江苏)有限公司 | Wide-ridge double-row unequal-torque wide-narrow-row delta-shaped unit multi-plant seeder |
| CN115055370B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-03-01 | 稷山县森晟选煤科技有限公司 | Alloy screen cloth production manufacturing processing equipment |
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| CN103444324A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 中国农业大学 | Internal air inflation blowing type precise corn seed metering device |
| CN205454540U (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-17 | 湖北永祥农机装备有限公司 | Seed metering ware is concentrated to seeder |
| CN106508207A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 华中农业大学 | Air suction external seed filling type precise collecting and arranging device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6213690B1 (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2001-04-10 | Deere & Company | Distribution manifold for air seeder |
| US7191715B2 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2007-03-20 | Cnh America Llc | Tandem gauge wheel assembly for planting unit |
| US7455019B2 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2008-11-25 | Steve Spooner | Drum punch seed planter |
| CN101548606B (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-11-03 | 湖南农业大学 | Seeding mechanism with adjustable sowing amount |
| CN103563524A (en) * | 2013-04-21 | 2014-02-12 | 刘宝才 | Pneumatic sowing and seed discharging system |
| CN203261689U (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-11-06 | 湖南农业大学 | Air-suction rotary drum type small-size-seed sowing device |
| CN103238405B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-03-11 | 湖南农业大学 | Air-blowing abnormal seed sowing device |
| CN104303651B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-05-11 | 华中农业大学 | Air pressure protects kind of a formula essence quantity set row device |
| CN208242191U (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-12-18 | 四川农业大学 | Rice precise hole sowing integrated arranging roller |
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2019
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103444324A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 中国农业大学 | Internal air inflation blowing type precise corn seed metering device |
| CN205454540U (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-17 | 湖北永祥农机装备有限公司 | Seed metering ware is concentrated to seeder |
| CN106508207A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 华中农业大学 | Air suction external seed filling type precise collecting and arranging device |
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| CN110447355A (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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Granted publication date: 20211119 |