CN110445486A - A kind of ultra thin optical encoder and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-thin optical encoder, which comprises a base plate, an outer cover, and an encoding turntable installed between the base plate and the outer cover, the base plate is provided with a through hole for installing the encoding turntable, and the patch on the base plate matches The light-emitting element and the photosensitive element of the pair have a waterproof coating, and the light-emitting element and the photosensitive element form a light pair tube; the encoding turntable is a hollow ring cover of an opaque material with a rotating shaft in the center, and the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable is provided with Light path switch; the code turntable is inserted into the through hole through the rotating shaft and fastened to the bottom plate, and the light path change is realized by using the light hole on the outer ring wall of the hollow ring cover and the light pair tube inside and outside the ring cover, and the identification is sensitive , fast, the paragraph ring and the elastic part vibrate to realize the paragraph feeling during operation; the ring cover and the paragraph ring adopt an integrated design, which is convenient for production and compact in structure, saving the space between the bottom plate and the outer cover, and the outer cover can also effectively waterproof Dustproof, easy assembly and disassembly between the outer cover and the bottom plate.

Description

A kind of ultra-thin optical encoder and its manufacturing method

technical field

The invention relates to an encoding signal output device, in particular to an ultra-thin optical encoder.

Background technique

The rotary coding switch is a common row of switches on the motherboard used as a jumper to adjust the frequency. It is also called a coding switch and a dial switch, and outputs binary BCD codes.

Existing optical encoders generally adopt a grating structure, that is, a light-emitting diode, a receiving tube, and a grating of a roller between them. When the roller rolls, the grating continuously blocks and transmits light, so that the receiving tube obtains a pulse signal, thereby realizing the perception of the roller. For the rolling effect, in order to obtain a smooth feel operation, some mechanical structures are required to achieve a smooth feel when turning. However, due to the addition of mechanical structures, the thickness of the product and its use will also be affected, and the overall structure will become complicated and difficult accordingly. use.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a thin and durable optical encoder and its manufacturing method. The present invention also cleverly solves the problem of paragraph feeling when the ultra-thin optical encoder is operated.

To achieve this technical purpose, the solution of the present invention is: an ultra-thin optical encoder, including a base plate and an outer cover, and an encoding turntable installed between the base plate and the outer cover, and the base plate is provided with a through hole for installing the encoding turntable The light-emitting element and the photosensitive element matched with the patch on the base plate are provided with a waterproof coating, and the light-emitting element and the photosensitive element form a light pair tube; the encoding dial is a hollow ring cover of an opaque material with a rotating shaft in the center, The outer ring wall of the code turntable is provided with a light path switch; the code turntable is inserted into the through hole through the rotating shaft and fastened to the bottom plate; when the light path switch on the ring cover is rotated to the light path of the light pair tube, the photosensitive element can Receive the light emitted by the light emitting element.

Preferably, the optical path switch is an optical through hole opened on the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable, and the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable is located between the light-emitting element and the photosensitive element.

Preferably, the optical path switch is a reflective mirror arranged on the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable, and the light-emitting element and the photosensitive element are located on the side of the reflective mirror on the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable.

As a preference, a ring of paragraph rings is also provided on the ring cover, and the surface of the paragraph ring is uniformly distributed with arc concavities and convexities; an elastic member is provided corresponding to the paragraph ring, and when the encoding dial rotates, the elastic member cooperates with the paragraph The rings provide a sense of passage when spinning.

Preferably, there are a plurality of light path switches in the light through holes opened on the outer ring wall of the ring cover, and the light path switches in the plurality of light through holes are evenly arranged at equal distances.

Preferably, the elastic member is a beam structure, the two ends of the elastic member are fixed on the bottom plate, and the middle of the elastic member is an arc-shaped raised end, and the arc-shaped raised end is connected to the surface of the paragraph ring. The arc concave and convex are matched.

Preferably, a through hole is provided in the middle of the bottom plate, and the rotating shaft of the ring cover is installed in the through hole.

Preferably, at least one hook is provided on the peripheral bottom of the outer cover, and a bottom plate notch corresponding to the hook is provided around the bottom plate, and the bottom plate and the outer cover are fastened and installed together through the bottom plate notch and the hook.

Preferably, the bottom of the bottom plate is provided with electrical wiring or electrical pin headers.

Preferably, a light-emitting LED module is arranged on the base plate, and the light-emitting LED module is arranged outside the outer cover.

Preferably, the photosensitive element is a double PT light receiver, and the light emitting element is an illuminator IR.

A method of manufacturing an ultra-thin optical encoder, which is composed of independent mechanical parts and photoelectric parts, as follows: the mechanical part includes a coding turntable made of opaque material and an outer cover, the coding turntable It is a hollow ring cover with a rotating shaft in the center, and at least one optical path switch is provided on the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable;

The optoelectronic part is composed of a light pair tube and a bottom plate. The light pair tube is composed of a light-emitting element and a photosensitive element. The bottom plate is provided with a through hole for installing a code turntable. Set up a waterproof membrane; the bottom of the PCB bottom plate is equipped with electrical wiring or electrical pin headers;

Align the rotating shaft of the encoding turntable with the through hole of the PCB base plate, so that the encoding turntable is fastened on the base plate and the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable is located between the light-emitting element and the photosensitive element; then the outer cover is fastened on the encoding turntable and fixed on the PCB bottom plate.

Preferably, the mechanical part also includes an elastic member, the elastic member is a beam structure with pins at both ends, the middle part of the beam of the elastic member is bent into a section of arc-shaped raised end; the encoding dial is provided with a segment ring , the surface of the paragraph ring is evenly distributed arc concave-convex; the PCB bottom plate is provided with two jacks; the pins of the elastic parts are inserted into the jacks and fixed, and the protruding end of the elastic part faces the circle of the outer surface of the paragraph ring The arc is bumped and the raised end is in contact with the arc bump.

Preferably, at least one hook is provided on the outer peripheral bottom of the outer cover, and a bottom plate gap corresponding to the hook is provided on the outer periphery of the PCB bottom plate, and the hook and the bottom plate gap are snapped together one by one, so that the outer cover is fastened on the PCB. bottom plate.

Preferably, the photoelectric part also includes a light-emitting LED module, and the light-emitting LED module is electrically connected and fixed on the PCB bottom plate by patch technology; wherein the encoding dial, the elastic member and the light pair tube are all located inside the outer cover, and the light-emitting LED module is located outside outside the cover.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the coded turntable of the present application is a hollow ring cover of an opaque material with a rotating shaft at the center, which is realized by using the light through hole on the outer ring wall of the hollow ring cover and the light pairing tube inside and outside the ring cover. The change of the optical path is sensitive and fast, and the vibration of the segment ring and the elastic member realizes the segment sense during operation; the ring cover and the segment ring adopt an integrated design, which is convenient for production and compact in structure, saving the space between the bottom plate and the outer cover , the outer cover can also be effectively waterproof and dustproof, and the assembly and disassembly between the outer cover and the bottom plate are convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the local structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of bottom plate of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the bottom view of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is an explosion diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the encoding turntable and the segment ring of the present invention.

Among them: 1. Bottom plate; 101. Gap of bottom plate; 2. Outer cover; 3. Optical pair tube; 301. Light-emitting element; 302. Photosensitive element; 4. Rotating shaft; ;7, paragraph ring; 701, circular arc concave-convex; 8, elastic member; 801, raised end; 9, through hole;

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-6, the specific embodiment of the present invention is an ultra-thin optical encoder, including a bottom plate 1 and an outer cover 2, and an encoding turntable installed between the bottom plate 1 and the outer cover 2, and also includes The light pair tube 3 is composed of light-emitting element 301 and photosensitive element 302; the base plate 1 can be a PCB board, or a support plate with a PCB attached; The hollow ring cover 5 made of light material, the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable is provided with at least one light through hole 6 light path switch; The outer ring wall is located between the light-emitting element 301 and the photosensitive element 302; when the light path switch of the light through hole 6 on the ring cover 5 is rotated to the light path of the light pair tube 3, the light-sensitive element 302 can receive the light emitted by the light-emitting element 301 .

The optical path switch is a light through hole 6 opened on the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable, and the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable is located between the light emitting element 301 and the photosensitive element 302 . One of the elements of the light pair tube 3 is arranged in the ring cover 5, and the other element is arranged outside the ring cover 5. When the light through hole 6 on the ring cover 5 rotates to the light path of the light pair tube 3, the photosensitive The element 302 can receive the light of the light emitting element 301, the hollow ring cover rotates, and the light path between the photosensitive element and the light emitting element forms a state of circular open circuit and passage.

The optical path path switch can also be a reflective mirror arranged on the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable. The light-emitting element 301 and the photosensitive element 302 are located on the side of the reflective mirror of the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable, and the optical path emitted by the light-emitting element is refracted by the reflective mirror. , the photosensitive element receives the light emitted by the light-emitting element, which is not shown in the illustrations of the drawings of this application, because this is a commonly used technical means.

In addition, a segment ring 7 is also arranged on the ring cover 5, the surface of the segment ring 7 is uniformly distributed circular arc concave-convex 701, corresponding to the segment ring 7 is provided with an elastic member 8, when the encoding dial rotates, the The above-mentioned elastic member 8 cooperates with the paragraph ring 7 to provide a sense of paragraph when rotating. The elastic member 8 of this encoder is a crossbeam structure, and the two ends of the elastic member 8 are fixed on the base plate, and the middle of the elastic member 8 is an arc-shaped raised end 801, which is connected to the arc-shaped raised end 801. The circular arc concave-convex 701 concave on the surface of the paragraph ring 7 matches; when the encoder is working, the convex end of the elastic member contacts the circular arc concave-convex of the continuously rotating paragraph ring, and the vibration produces a paragraph feeling, which is smooth to use; this encoder The paragraph ring is a flat ring structure, and the code turntable is also a hollow ring cover with small thickness. The paragraph ring and the code turntable are integrated up and down, which is small in size and compact in structure.

For the convenience of circuit connection, the base plate of the encoder is a PCB circuit board, and the bottom of the base plate 1 is provided with electrical cables or pin headers 10, which is convenient for connection and has good stability.

In order to adapt to the rotation speed of the encoding turntable when the light path passes and is blocked, there are a plurality of light path switches on the outer ring wall of the ring cover (5), and the plurality of light path switches are evenly arranged at equal distances.

In order to facilitate the fixing of the ring cover and the base plate, a through hole 9 is provided in the middle of the base plate 1 , and the rotating shaft 4 of the ring cover 5 is installed in the through hole 9 . At the same time, the outer cover of the encoder is connected to the bottom plate by buckling. At least one hook 12 is provided on the bottom of the outer cover 2, and a bottom plate gap 101 corresponding to the hook is provided around the bottom plate 1. The bottom plate 1 and the outer cover 2 are fastened and installed together through the notch 101 of the bottom plate and the hook 12. The structure is simple, the disassembly is convenient, and the fixing is firm, so as to avoid the deviation of the outer cover due to vibration during use.

In order to enable the encoder to emit light when in use, the base plate 1 is provided with a light-emitting LED module 11, which is convenient for use at night and expands the use of occasions. The light-emitting LED module 11 is arranged outside the outer cover 2 without affecting the light effect. more penetrating ability. In order to improve the sensitivity of the encoder, the photosensitive element 302 is a double PT light receiver, and the light emitting element 301 is an illuminator IR. The production cost of the light emitter IR is low, and the technology is mature. The optical receiver PT is sensitive to infrared reception and has high sensitivity. The dual PT of the optical receiver is used to further reduce the occurrence of failures.

This application also includes a method of manufacturing an ultra-thin optical encoder, which is composed of independent mechanical parts and photoelectric parts, as follows:

The mechanical part includes an encoding turntable made of opaque material and an outer cover 2, the encoding turntable 5 is a hollow ring cover 5 with a rotating shaft 4 at the center, and at least one light through hole is opened on the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable 6 optical path switch;

The optoelectronic part is composed of the light pair tube 3 and the base plate 1, and the light pair tube 3 is set opposite to the light emitting element 301 and the photosensitive element 302. The component 302 is electrically connected and fixed on the PCB bottom plate 1 by SMD technology and covered with a waterproof film; the bottom of the PCB bottom plate 1 is provided with electrical wiring or pin headers 10;

Align the rotating shaft 4 of the encoding turntable 5 with the through hole 9 of the PCB base plate 1, so that the encoding turntable 5 is fastened on the base plate 1 and the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable 5 is located between the light-emitting element 301 and the photosensitive element 302; then the outer cover 2 Fasten on the coding turntable and fix it on the PCB bottom plate 1. The photoelectric part and the mechanical part are set independently, the optical pair tube is electrically connected to the PCB bottom plate, the rotating shaft of the encoding turntable is driven and connected to a motor, and the motor drives the rotating shaft to make the encoding turntable rotate, and the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable rotates. When the light path of the light pairing tube meets When it reaches the light through hole, it forms a light passage path, otherwise it forms an open circuit state, and the light path between the photosensitive element and the light emitting element forms a cyclic open circuit and path state.

The mechanical part also includes an elastic member 8, which is a beam structure with pins at both ends, and the middle part of the beam of the elastic member 8 is bent into a section of arc-shaped raised end 801; the encoding dial 5 is provided with a ring Paragraph ring 7, the surface of the paragraph ring 7 is a uniform circular arc concave-convex 701; two sockets are arranged on the PCB bottom plate 1; the pins of the elastic member are inserted into the socket to fix, and the protruding end 801 of the elastic member Towards the outer surface of the segment ring, the arc concave-convex 701 makes the convex end 801 contact with the circular arc concave-convex 701 . The paragraph ring is aligned with the coding turntable to form a whole, which saves the space of the entire mechanical part, and the overall thickness is thinner. At the same time, the elastic parts are also arranged on the PCB bottom plate, which has a compact structure and does not need to add redundant parts.

The outer peripheral bottom of the outer cover 2 is provided with at least one hook 12, and the outer periphery of the PCB bottom plate 1 is provided with a base plate notch 101 corresponding to the hook 12, and the hook 12 and the base plate notch 101 are snapped together one by one, so that the outer cover 2 is fastened on the PCB bottom plate 1. This fastening method is convenient for positioning, and the assembly is stable and not prone to misalignment.

The photoelectric part of the encoder also includes a light-emitting LED module 11, which is electrically connected and fixed on the PCB bottom plate 1 by patch technology; wherein the encoding dial 5, the elastic member 8 and the light pair tube 3 are all located inside the outer cover 2, The light-emitting LED module 11 is located outside the outer cover 2 .

The working principle of this application is as follows: when the encoding turntable rotates, the light through hole on the outer ring wall of the ring cover moves accordingly, so that the optical signal between the photosensitive element and the light emitting element changes; at the same time, the paragraph on the ring cover As the ring rotates, the arc bumps on the segment ring contact with the raised end of the side elastic to generate damping vibration. When the concave and convex of the circular arc contact with the raised end, the damping is the smallest. When in contact with the raised end, the damping is greatest.

The code turntable of the present application is a hollow ring cover of opaque material with a rotating shaft at the center, and the light passage is realized by using the light through hole on the outer ring wall of the hollow ring cover and the light pair tube inside and outside the ring cover, and the identification is sensitive. , fast, the paragraph ring and the elastic part vibrate to realize the paragraph feeling during operation; the ring cover and the paragraph ring adopt an integrated design, which is convenient for production and compact in structure, saving the space between the bottom plate and the outer cover, and the outer cover can also effectively waterproof Dustproof, easy assembly and disassembly between the outer cover and the bottom plate.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any minor modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall be included in the technical aspects of the present invention. within the scope of protection of the program.

Claims (14)

1. an ultra-thin optical encoder, comprising a base plate (1) and an outer cover (2), and an encoding turntable installed between the base plate (1) and the outer cover (2), characterized in that: the base plate (1 ) is provided with a through hole (9) for installing a code turntable, and the matching light-emitting element (301) and photosensitive element (302) on the base plate (1) are provided with a waterproof coating, and the light-emitting element (301) and photosensitive element The element (302) constitutes a light pair tube; the encoding turntable is a hollow ring cover (5) of opaque material with a rotating shaft (4) in the center, and the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable is provided with a light path switch; the encoding turntable Insert the through hole (9) through the rotating shaft (4) and fasten it on the base plate (1); when the light path switch on the ring cover (5) rotates to the light path of the light pair tube (3), the photosensitive element (302 ) can receive the light emitted by the light emitting element (301). 2. The ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical path switch is a light through hole (6) opened on the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable, and the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable is located at the light emitting element (301) and photosensitive element (302). 3. The ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical path switch is a reflective mirror arranged on the outer ring wall of the encoding turntable, and the light-emitting element (301) and photosensitive element (302) are located on the encoding turntable The reflective mirror side of the outer ring wall. 4. The ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ring cover (5) is also provided with a circle of paragraph rings (7), and the surface of the paragraph ring (7) is uniformly distributed arc concave-convex (701); Corresponding to the paragraph ring (7), an elastic member (8) is provided, and when the encoding turntable rotates, the elastic member (8) cooperates with the paragraph ring (7) to provide a sense of paragraph when rotating. 5. The ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are a plurality of optical path switches on the outer ring wall of the ring cover (5), and the plurality of optical path switches are evenly arranged at equal distances. 6. The ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: the elastic member (8) is a beam structure with pins at both ends, and the two ends of the beam of the elastic member (8) are fixed on the bottom plate, The middle of the elastic member (8) is an arc-shaped protruding end (801), and the arc-shaped protruding end (801) matches the concave-convex (701) recess on the surface of the paragraph ring (7). 7. The ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: a through hole (9) is provided in the middle of the bottom plate (1), and the rotating shaft (4) of the ring cover (5) is installed in the through hole (9) within. 8. The ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: at least one hook (12) is provided on the peripheral bottom of the outer cover (2), and a hook corresponding to the hook is provided around the bottom plate (1). The base plate notch (101), the base plate (1) and the outer cover (2) are fastened and installed together through the base plate notch (101) and the hook (12). 9. The ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the bottom plate (1) is provided with an electrical cable or pin header (10). 10. The ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base plate (1) is provided with a light-emitting LED module (11), and the light-emitting LED module (11) is arranged outside the outer cover (2). 11. A method of manufacturing an ultra-thin optical encoder, characterized in that: it is composed of independent mechanical parts and photoelectric parts, as follows: The mechanical part includes a coded turntable made of opaque material and an outer cover (2), the coded turntable (5) is a hollow ring cover (5) with a rotating shaft (4) at the center, and the outer ring of the coded turntable The wall is provided with at least one light path switch; The optoelectronic part is composed of a light pair tube (3) and a base plate (1). The light pair tube (3) is composed of a light emitting element (301) and a photosensitive element (302). 9), the light-emitting element (301) and the photosensitive element (302) are electrically connected and fixed on the PCB bottom plate (1) by patch technology and covered with a waterproof film; the bottom of the PCB bottom plate (1) is provided with electrical cables or electric pin row (10); Align the rotating shaft (4) of the coding turntable (5) with the through hole (9) of the bottom plate (1), so that the coding turntable (5) is fastened on the bottom plate (1); then fasten the outer cover (2) on the coding The turntable is fixed on the PCB bottom plate (1). 12. The manufacturing method of the ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 9, characterized in that: the mechanical part also includes an elastic member (8), the elastic member (8) is a beam structure with pins at both ends, the elastic member ( 8) The middle part of the crossbeam is bent into a section of arc-shaped raised end; the encoding dial (5) is provided with a circle of paragraph rings (7), and the surface of the paragraph ring (7) is uniformly distributed arc-shaped concave-convex ( 701); the PCB bottom plate (1) is provided with two jacks; the pins of the elastic parts are inserted into the jacks and fixed, and the convex end (801) of the elastic parts faces the arc concave-convex (701) of the outer surface of the paragraph ring and Make the convex end (801) contact with the arc concave-convex (701). 13. The method of manufacturing an ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 9, characterized in that: at least one hook (12) is provided on the outer peripheral bottom of the outer cover (2), and the outer periphery of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a hook (12) ) corresponding to the notch (101) of the bottom plate, fasten the hook (12) and the notch (101) of the bottom plate correspondingly, so that the outer cover (2) is fastened on the bottom plate (1). 14. The manufacturing method of the ultra-thin optical encoder according to claim 9, characterized in that: the photoelectric part also includes a light-emitting LED module (11), and the light-emitting LED module (11) is electrically connected and fixed on the base plate ( 1) above; where the encoding dial (5), the elastic member (8) and the light pair tube (3) are all located inside the outer cover (2), and the light-emitting LED module (11) is located outside the outer cover (2).