CN110426887A - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
Display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110426887A CN110426887A CN201910664498.4A CN201910664498A CN110426887A CN 110426887 A CN110426887 A CN 110426887A CN 201910664498 A CN201910664498 A CN 201910664498A CN 110426887 A CN110426887 A CN 110426887A
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- wire grating
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;tin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[In].[Sn] MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001579 optical reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133548—Wire-grid polarisers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of display panels, including first substrate, the second substrate being oppositely arranged with first substrate and the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and the second substrate, the second substrate is limited by multi-strip scanning line and multiple data lines mutually insulated intersection on the side towards liquid crystal layer and is formed multiple pixel units, pixel electrode and thin film transistor (TFT) are equipped in each pixel unit, pixel electrode passes through the data line electrical connection of thin film transistor (TFT) and adjacent films transistor, first substrate is equipped with upper polarizer, the second substrate is equipped with down polaroid, first light transmission shaft of upper polarizer and the second light transmission shaft of down polaroid are mutually perpendicular to, the second substrate is additionally provided with the wire grating polarizing film for being parallel to each other by a plurality of wire grating and being alternatively arranged and being formed, the extending direction of a plurality of wire grating and the second light transmission shaft of down polaroid are parallel to each other, a plurality of gold The upper surface for belonging to wiregrating is coarse plane.The invention also discloses a kind of display devices, including display panel as described above.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of liquid crystal display, more particularly to a kind of display panel and display device.
Background technique
Display panel has many advantages, such as frivolous, durable and meets energy-saving and environment-friendly low power consumption, and electric paper display becomes symbol
A kind of display of public demand is closed, electric paper display can show image using extraneous light source, unlike liquid crystal display
Backlight is needed, so outdoors in the environment of strong sunlight, still it may be clearly seen that information in Electronic Paper, and without visual angle
The problem of, and the advantages that electric paper display is because of its power saving, high reflectance and contrast ratio, it has been widely used in electronic reader
(such as e-book, electronic newspaper) or other electron component (such as price tag).
It is micro- that existing electric paper display generallys use E-Ink microcapsules technology (microcapsules e-inks technology), SiPix
Cup technology (micro-cup type electrophoretic display technology), Bridgestone electronics liquid powder technology, cholesterol liquid crystal are shown
(Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Display, CLCD) technology, MEMS (MEMS) technology or electricity are wet
(electrowetting) technology.
But existing electric paper display technology is less mature relative to LCD technology, volume production low efficiency, system
Cause relatively high, and the reflectivity of existing electric paper display technology is lower, causes contrast lower.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming and defect existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of display panel and
Display device, to solve, electric paper display volume production low efficiency in the prior art, manufacturing cost are high and contrast is low is asked
Topic.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
The present invention provides a kind of display panel, the second substrate being oppositely arranged including first substrate, with the first substrate with
And the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, the second substrate is on the side towards the liquid crystal layer by more
Scan line and multiple data lines mutually insulated, which intersect to limit, forms multiple pixel units, and pixel electricity is equipped in each pixel unit
Pole and thin film transistor (TFT), the pixel electrode pass through the data line electrical connection of the thin film transistor (TFT) and the neighbouring thin film transistor (TFT),
The first substrate is equipped with upper polarizer, which is additionally provided with down polaroid, under the first light transmission shaft of the upper polarizer and this
Second light transmission shaft of polaroid is mutually perpendicular to, which is additionally provided with to be parallel to each other to be alternatively arranged by a plurality of wire grating and be formed
Wire grating polarizing film, the extending direction of a plurality of wire grating is parallel to each other with the second light transmission shaft of the down polaroid, more
The upper surface of the item wire grating is coarse plane.
Further, it is additionally provided with public electrode in the second substrate, which sets gradually the metal from bottom to up
Wire grid polarizer, the down polaroid and the public electrode, the pixel electrode and the public electrode are located at different layers simultaneously mutually absolutely
Edge separates.
Further, it is additionally provided with public electrode in the second substrate, which sets gradually the metal from bottom to up
Wire grid polarizer, the down polaroid and the public electrode, the pixel electrode and the public electrode are located at identical layer simultaneously mutually absolutely
Edge, which separates, to be alternately arranged.
Further, the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer is parallel to the first substrate and the second substrate when initial, the liquid
First alignment direction of the brilliant molecule close to the first substrate side and the second alignment direction close to the second substrate side are mutual
In parallel, first alignment direction and second alignment direction are parallel to each other with the first light transmission shaft of the upper polarizer.
Further, which is equipped with public electrode, which is the planar structure of monolith, pixel electricity
Extremely correspond to the block type electrode of the pixel unit.
Further, the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer is parallel to the first substrate and the second substrate when initial, the liquid
First alignment direction of the brilliant molecule close to the first substrate side and the second alignment direction close to the second substrate side are mutual
Vertically, first alignment direction and the first light transmission shaft of the upper polarizer are parallel to each other.
Further, perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate when liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer is initial.
Further, the extending direction of every metal line grid and the data line are in the same direction, and every metal line grid are along the data
The viewing area of the display panel is run through in line direction；Alternatively, the extending direction of every metal line grid and the scan line are in the same direction, every gold
Belong to the viewing area that wiregrating runs through the display panel along the scanning line direction.
Further, the making material of the wire grating includes Al or Mo.
The present invention also provides a kind of display devices, including display panel as described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that: display panel includes the second substrate that first substrate and first substrate are oppositely arranged
And the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and the second substrate, the second substrate is on the side towards liquid crystal layer by multi-strip scanning
Line and multiple data lines mutually insulated, which intersect to limit, forms multiple pixel units, and each pixel unit is interior equipped with pixel electrode and thin
Film transistor, pixel electrode pass through the data line electrical connection of thin film transistor (TFT) and adjacent films transistor, and first substrate is equipped with
Upper polarizer, the second substrate are equipped with down polaroid, and the first light transmission shaft of upper polarizer and the second light transmission shaft of down polaroid are mutual
Vertically, the second substrate is additionally provided with the wire grating polarizing film for being parallel to each other by a plurality of wire grating and being alternatively arranged and being formed, a plurality of gold
Second light transmission shaft of the extending direction and down polaroid that belong to wiregrating is parallel to each other, and the upper surface of a plurality of wire grating is coarse puts down
Face.Reflection is realized to external environmental light by utilizing wire grating polarizing film to realize in liquid crystal cell, and liquid crystal cell itself has
The effect of light is controlled, the reflecting effect of wire grating polarizing film is preferable, does not need using backlight, when seeing novel outdoors
When, realize electronic paper display, the present invention have high production efficiency, manufacturing cost is low and contrast is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the planar structure schematic diagram of display panel in the present invention；
Fig. 2 be in the embodiment of the present invention one display panel in the cross section structure schematic diagram of original state；
Fig. 3 be in the embodiment of the present invention one display panel display state cross section structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the anti-transmission principle schematic diagram of wire grating polarizing film in the present invention；
Fig. 5 a-5c is the schematic illustration of reflection；
Fig. 6 be in the embodiment of the present invention one display panel display state schematic illustration；
Fig. 7 be in the embodiment of the present invention two display panel in the cross section structure schematic diagram of original state；
Fig. 8 be in the embodiment of the present invention two display panel display state cross section structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 be in the embodiment of the present invention three display panel in the cross section structure schematic diagram of original state；
Figure 10 be in the embodiment of the present invention three display panel display state cross section structure schematic diagram；
Figure 11 be in the embodiment of the present invention three display panel display state schematic illustration；
Figure 12 be in the embodiment of the present invention four display panel in the cross section structure schematic diagram of original state；
Figure 13 be in the embodiment of the present invention four display panel display state cross section structure schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is of the invention to reach the technical means and efficacy that predetermined goal of the invention is taken further to illustrate, below in conjunction with
Attached drawing and preferred embodiment, to the specific embodiment, structure, feature of display panel proposed according to the present invention and display device
And its effect, detailed description are as follows:
[embodiment one]
Fig. 1 is the planar structure schematic diagram of display panel in the present invention, and Fig. 2 is that display panel exists in the embodiment of the present invention one
The cross section structure schematic diagram of original state, Fig. 3 are that display panel shows in the cross section structure of display state in the embodiment of the present invention one
It is intended to, Fig. 4 is the anti-transmission principle schematic diagram of wire grating polarizing film in the present invention, and Fig. 5 a-5c is the schematic illustration of reflection,
Fig. 6 be in the embodiment of the present invention one display panel display state schematic illustration.
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a kind of display panel that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, including first substrate 10 and first
The second substrate 20 that substrate 10 is oppositely arranged and the liquid crystal layer 30 between first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, the second base
Plate 20 on the side towards liquid crystal layer 30 by multi-strip scanning line 1 and 2 mutually insulated of multiple data lines intersection limit formed it is multiple
Pixel electrode 25 and thin film transistor (TFT) 3 are equipped in pixel unit P, each pixel unit P, pixel electrode 25 passes through thin film transistor (TFT)
3 are electrically connected with the data line 2 of adjacent films transistor 3, and data line 2 is scanned for giving pixel electrode 25 input data signal
Line 1 is used to control the conducting and disconnection of thin film transistor (TFT) 3.First substrate 10 is equipped with black matrix 11 and the first flatness layer 12, the
One flatness layer 12 is covered in the black matrix 11, and black matrix 11 is for sheltering from multi-strip scanning line 1 and multiple data lines 2.This reality
It applies in example, first substrate 10 is not provided with the color blocking material layer of red (R), green (G), blue (B) three color, is served only for display black and white and draws
Face.Certainly, in other embodiments, when needing to show colour picture, can on first substrate 10 region respective pixel unit P
Color blocking material layer is set, but the coating of color blocking material layer can reduce the transmitance of light, but be not limited thereto.The second substrate
20 be array substrate, and thin film transistor (TFT) 3 includes grid, source electrode, drain electrode and semiconductor material layer, the other structures of array substrate
Refer to the prior art, and which is not described herein again.
First substrate 10 is equipped with upper polarizer 40, and the second substrate 20 is additionally provided with down polaroid 50, and the first of upper polarizer 40
Light transmission shaft X1 and the second light transmission shaft X2 of down polaroid 50 are mutually perpendicular to, and the second substrate 20 is additionally provided with by a plurality of wire grating 21a
Be parallel to each other the wire grating polarizing film 21 for being alternatively arranged and being formed, the extending direction X3 and down polaroid of a plurality of wire grating 21a
50 the second light transmission shaft X2 is parallel to each other, and the upper surface of a plurality of wire grating 21a is coarse plane, makes to be parallel to a plurality of metal
Occur when the external environment light of the extending direction X3 of wiregrating 21a is radiated at the upper surface of a plurality of wire grating 21a diffusing reflection or
Gloss reflection, makes the external environment light of the extending direction X3 perpendicular to a plurality of wire grating 21a be radiated at a plurality of wire grating
It is transmitted when the upper surface of 21a.
As shown in figure 4, wire grating polarizing film 21 has a kind of special polarized light property, i.e. transmission and wire grating 21a
The vertical polarised light of extending direction reflects the polarised light parallel with wire grating 21a extending direction.In incident ray A, light
Polarization direction has the first polarised light a1 vertical with wire grating 21a extending direction and puts down with wire grating 21a extending direction
The second capable polarised light a2, and the first polarised light a1 vertical with wire grating 21a extending direction can be inclined by wire grating
The piece 21 that shakes forms transmitted ray C, and the second polarised light a2 parallel with wire grating 21a extending direction can be reflected to form reflected light
Line B.And wire grating polarizing film 21 introduces that refer to the prior art in more detail, which is not described herein again.
Reflection can be divided into three types according to the roughness difference of body surface: diffusing reflection (Fig. 5 a), gloss reflection (figure
5b) and high light reflectivity (Fig. 5 c).As shown in figure 5 a and 5b, when body surface is rough surface, light is radiated at coarse table
The object in face is reflected in diffusing reflection or gloss, and (scattering) light is reflected on diffusing reflection surface at several angles.Diffusing reflection is more any than other
More colors are all presented in the light distribution of type, because most of objects are all opaque, and anti-in a manner of diffusing reflection
Penetrate light.When metal is not mirror-reflection, when specular gloss, the color that most of metal is reflected all is white (all band
Reflection).As shown in Figure 5 c, when body surface is smooth surface, light is radiated at the object of smooth surface in high light reflectivity, height
Light reflection makes object show the appearance as mirror surface.The present invention sets coarse for the upper surface of a plurality of wire grating 21a
Plane, so that the external environment light for the extending direction X3 for being parallel to a plurality of wire grating 21a is radiated at a plurality of wire grating 21a
Upper surface when occur diffusing reflection or gloss reflection, thus be display panel show black and white screen, to realize Electronic Paper mode
Display.
In the present embodiment, the extending direction X3 of every metal line grid 21a and data line 2 are in the same direction, every metal line grid 21a
Run through the viewing area of display panel along 2 direction of data line.Certainly, in other embodiments, the extension of every metal line grid 21a
Direction X3 can also be with scan line 1 in the same direction, correspondingly, and the light transmission shaft of upper polarizer 40 and down polaroid 50 also can be certain with occurring
Change, still, the first light transmission shaft X1 of upper polarizer 40 is mutually perpendicular to the second light transmission shaft X2 of down polaroid 50, a plurality of metal
The extending direction X3 of wiregrating 21a and the second light transmission shaft X2 of down polaroid 50 are parallel to each other.
In the present embodiment, the second substrate 20 is additionally provided with public electrode 23, the second base on the side towards liquid crystal layer 30
Plate 20 sets gradually wire grating polarizing film 21, down polaroid 50 and public from bottom to up (i.e. along towards 30 direction of liquid crystal layer)
Electrode 23, wire grating polarizing film 21 are formed directly into the second substrate 20 towards on the surface 210 of the side of liquid crystal layer 30, metal
The second flatness layer 22 is equipped between wire grid polarizer 21 and down polaroid 50, i.e., the first procedure in the second substrate 20 is exactly
Production forms wire grating polarizing film 21, then covers the second flatness layer 22 again, attaches down polaroid on the second flatness layer 22
50, it include production scan line 1, grid, semiconductor layer, data line 2, source-drain electrode etc. certainly after attaching down polaroid 50.Wherein,
The material of wire grating 21a includes Al (aluminium) or Mo (molybdenum), is printed using nanometer embossing (or other the relevant technologies)
Wire grating 21a is formed, refer to the prior art for the specific production method of wire grating 21a, and which is not described herein again.The present embodiment
In, public electrode 23 is located at different layers with pixel electrode 25 and is insulated from each other by insulating layer 24, and pixel electrode 25 is located at
23 upside of public electrode.Public electrode 23 is the plane-shape electrode of whole face setting, and pixel electrode 25 is the comb electrode with slit,
To form fringe field switching mode (Fringe Field Switching, FFS).
Liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 30 is positive liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecule that dielectric anisotropy is positive), such as Fig. 2
Shown, in the initial state, the liquid crystal molecule in the first liquid crystal layer 30 is positive liquid crystal molecules and is in lying posture, i.e. positivity
Liquid crystal molecules parallel is in first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, first alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecule close to 10 side of first substrate
X4 is parallel to each other with the second alignment direction X5 close to 20 side of the second substrate, it is possible to understand that and ground is, also including antiparallel, the
One alignment direction X4 and the second alignment direction X5 is parallel to each other with the first light transmission shaft X1 of upper polarizer 40.As shown in figure 3, working as
When needing to show, applies corresponding driving voltage on public electrode 23 and pixel electrode 25 and form horizontal component of electric field E1, positivity liquid
Brilliant molecule is directed parallel to the direction deflection of horizontal component of electric field E1 under the action of horizontal component of electric field E1, so that light be made to pass through positivity
Change polarization direction when liquid crystal molecule.
Wherein, first substrate 10, the second substrate 20 can be made of materials such as glass, acrylic acid and polycarbonate.It is public
Electrode 23, pixel electrode 25 material can be tin indium oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) etc..
For convenience of explanation, Fig. 6 merely illustrates two pixel unit P, the corresponding pixel electricity of the pixel unit P in left side in figure
Pole 25 applies driving voltage, and correspondingly public electrode 23 also applies corresponding common voltage, and the pixel unit P in left side is corresponding just
Property liquid crystal molecule be directed parallel under the action of horizontal component of electric field E1 horizontal component of electric field E1 direction deflection.Left side external environmental light
I1, which passes through upper polarizer 40, becomes the linearly polarized light parallel with the first light transmission shaft X1, becomes elliptically polarized light across liquid crystal layer 30
Or circularly polarized light, become the linearly polarized light parallel with the second light transmission shaft X2 when across down polaroid 50, is radiated at wire grating
Diffusing reflection occurs on polarizing film 21 or gloss is reflected and reflected back, shows illuminated state (white)；Right side external environmental light I2 is passed through
Upper polarizer 40 becomes the linearly polarized light parallel with the first light transmission shaft X1, because the positive liquid crystal molecules in liquid crystal layer 30 do not have
It deflects, so will not change the polarization direction of light, linearly polarized light hangs down with the second light transmission shaft X2 phase after liquid crystal layer 30
Directly, it is absorbed by down polaroid 50, so the pixel unit P on right side shows black state (black).When display panel needs to show picture
When, the driving voltage applied on each pixel electrode 25 only need to be controlled, to realize the picture of display black and white.
[embodiment two]
As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, aobvious in display panel provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention and embodiment one (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4)
Show that panel is essentially identical, the difference is that, in the present embodiment, pixel electrode 25 is located on the same floor with public electrode 23, but
It is that the two is spaced from each other, pixel electrode 25 and public electrode 23 respectively may each comprise multiple electrodes item, the electricity of pixel electrode 25
The electrode strip of pole item and public electrode 23 is arranged alternately with each other, with formed in-plane-switching mode (In-Plane Switching,
IPS)。
Relative to embodiment one, the pixel electrode 25 in the present embodiment is located on the same floor with public electrode 23, can be with one layer
Conductive film etches to be formed, and can save one of masking process, and can also reduce box thickness.
Those skilled in the art it should be understood that remaining structure and working principle of the present embodiment and embodiment
One is identical, and which is not described herein again.
[embodiment three]
As shown in Figures 9 to 11, display panel and embodiment one (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 6) that the embodiment of the present invention three provides
In display panel it is essentially identical, the difference is that, in the present embodiment, public electrode 23 is located at first substrate 10 towards liquid
The side of crystal layer, i.e. public electrode 23 are covered on the first flatness layer 12, and public electrode 23 is the planar structure of monolith, liquid crystal layer
Liquid crystal molecules parallel in 30 in first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, match close to the first of 10 side of first substrate by liquid crystal molecule
It is mutually perpendicular to direction X4 and the second alignment direction X5 close to 20 side of the second substrate, the first alignment direction X4 and upper polarizer
40 the first light transmission shaft X1 is parallel to each other.As shown in figure 9, in the initial state, the liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 30 is positivity liquid
Brilliant molecule is simultaneously in lying posture, and positive liquid crystal molecules distort 90 °, i.e. first substrate in the first liquid crystal layer 30 from top to bottom
10, TN display pattern is collectively formed in the second substrate 20 and the first liquid crystal layer 30.
For convenience of explanation, Figure 11 merely illustrates two pixel unit P, the corresponding pixel of pixel unit P on right side in figure
Electrode 25 applies driving voltage, and correspondingly public electrode 23 also applies corresponding common voltage, and the pixel unit P on right side is corresponding
Positive liquid crystal molecules are directed parallel to the direction deflection of vertical electric field E2 under the action of vertical electric field E2, are finally in standing appearance
State.Right side external environmental light I2, which passes through upper polarizer 40, becomes the linearly polarized light parallel with the first light transmission shaft X1, because of liquid crystal
Positive liquid crystal molecules in layer 30 are in midstance, so will not change the polarization direction of light, line is inclined after passing through liquid crystal layer 30
Vibration light and the second light transmission shaft X2 are perpendicular, are absorbed by down polaroid 50, so the pixel unit P on right side shows black state (black)；
Left side external environmental light I1, which passes through upper polarizer 40, becomes the linearly polarized light parallel with the first light transmission shaft X1, passes through liquid crystal layer 30
When be rotated by 90 ° and parallel with the second light transmission shaft X2, occur across down polaroid 50 and being radiated on wire grating polarizing film 21
Diffusing reflection or gloss are reflected and are reflected back, and are shown illuminated state (white).When display panel needs to show picture, need to only control every
The driving voltage applied on a pixel electrode 25, to realize the picture of display black and white.
Relative to embodiment one, public electrode 23 is located at formation TN display pattern on first substrate 10 in the present embodiment, shows
Show panel in normal display, the usually pixel unit P of illuminated state is more than the pixel unit P of dark-state, and TN display pattern is normal
White display is illuminated state when not applying driving voltage, can save the display power consumption of display panel.
Those skilled in the art it should be understood that remaining structure and working principle of the present embodiment and embodiment
One is identical, and which is not described herein again.
[example IV]
As shown in Figure 12 to Figure 13, in the display panel and embodiment three (Fig. 9 and Figure 10) that the embodiment of the present invention four provides
Display panel it is essentially identical, the difference is that, in the present embodiment, (dielectric is each using negative liquid crystal molecule for liquid crystal layer 30
The liquid crystal molecule that anisotropy is negative).With technological progress, the performance of negative liquid crystal is significantly improved, using also more extensive.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 12, in original state (in the case of i.e. liquid crystal display device does not apply any voltage), liquid crystal layer
Negative liquid crystal molecule in 30 is perpendicular to first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, i.e., negative liquid crystal molecule is in original state in standing
Posture forms VA display pattern, and wherein VA display pattern includes MVA display pattern and PVA display pattern.
In the present embodiment, public electrode 23 is equipped with protrusion in the place of corresponding black matrix 11, makes the negativity liquid close to protrusion
Brilliant molecule forms certain pre-tilt angle, can accelerate negative liquid crystal molecule and deflect towards the direction perpendicular to electric field line E2, can subtract
The time that few pixel unit P changes from dark to white state.
Those skilled in the art it should be understood that remaining structure and working principle of the present embodiment and embodiment
Three is identical, and which is not described herein again.
The present invention also provides a kind of display devices, including display panel as mentioned, it is to be understood that display device benefit
It is realized with wire grating polarizing film 21 and reflection is realized to external environmental light, do not needed using backlight, when seeing novel outdoors,
Realize electronic paper display.Certainly, in other embodiments, display device may also set up backlight, when external environment brightness compared with
When dark, Light Source Compensation can be provided.
Herein, the nouns of locality such as related up, down, left, right, before and after be located in figure with the structure in attached drawing with
And structure mutual position defines, only for the purpose of expressing the technical solution clearly and conveniently.It should be appreciated that the side
The use of position word should not limit the claimed range of the application.It is also understood that term " first " used herein and " the
Two " etc., it is only used for differentiation nominally, is not limited to quantity and sequence.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, restriction in any form not is done to the present invention, though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this profession
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or modification,
It is right according to the technical essence of the invention for the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, but without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made by above embodiments, fall within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the present invention
Within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of display panel, including first substrate (10), the second substrate (20) being oppositely arranged with the first substrate (10) with
And the liquid crystal layer (30) between the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20), the second substrate (20) is towards the liquid
It is limited by multi-strip scanning line (1) and multiple data lines (2) mutually insulated intersection on the side of crystal layer (30) and is formed multiple pixel lists
First (P), each pixel unit (P) is interior to be equipped with pixel electrode (25) and thin film transistor (TFT) (3), and the pixel electrode (25) is thin by this
The data line (2) of film transistor (3) and the neighbouring thin film transistor (TFT) (3) is electrically connected, which is characterized in that the first substrate (10)
Equipped with upper polarizer (40), which is additionally provided with down polaroid (50), the first light transmission shaft of the upper polarizer (40)
(X1) it is mutually perpendicular to the second light transmission shaft (X2) of the down polaroid (50), which is additionally provided with by a plurality of metal wire
Grid (21a) are parallel to each other the wire grating polarizing film (21) for being alternatively arranged and being formed, the extending direction of a plurality of wire grating (21a)
(X3) it is parallel to each other with the second light transmission shaft (X2) of the down polaroid (50), the upper surface of a plurality of wire grating (21a) is thick
Rough plane.
2. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with public electrode in the second substrate (20)
(23), which sets gradually the wire grating polarizing film (21), the down polaroid (50) from bottom to up and is somebody's turn to do
Public electrode (23), the pixel electrode (25) are located at different layers with the public electrode (23) and are insulated from each other.
3. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with public electrode in the second substrate (20)
(23), which sets gradually the wire grating polarizing film (21), the down polaroid (50) from bottom to up and is somebody's turn to do
Public electrode (23), which is located at identical layer and is insulated from each other with the public electrode (23) is alternately arranged.
4. display panel according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer (30) is initial
When be parallel to the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20), the liquid crystal molecule close to first substrate (10) side first
Alignment direction (X4) is parallel to each other with the second alignment direction (X5) close to the second substrate (20) side, first alignment direction
(X4) it is parallel to each other with the first light transmission shaft (X1) of the upper polarizer (40) with second alignment direction (X5).
5. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first substrate (10) is equipped with public electrode
(23), which is the planar structure of monolith, which is the bulk electricity of the corresponding pixel unit (P)
Pole.
6. display panel according to claim 5, which is characterized in that put down when the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer (30) is initial
Row is in the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20), first orientation of the liquid crystal molecule close to first substrate (10) side
Direction (X4) is mutually perpendicular to the second alignment direction (X5) close to the second substrate (20) side, first alignment direction (X4)
It is parallel to each other with the first light transmission shaft (X1) of the upper polarizer (40).
7. display panel according to claim 5, which is characterized in that hang down when the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer (30) is initial
Directly in the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20).
8. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the extending direction (X3) of every metal line grid (21a)
In the same direction with the data line (2), every metal line grid (21a) run through the viewing area of the display panel along data line (2) direction；
Alternatively, the extending direction (X3) of every metal line grid (21a) and the scan line (1) are in the same direction, every metal line grid (21a) are along this
The viewing area of the display panel is run through in scan line (1) direction.
9. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the making material of the wire grating (21a) includes Al
Or Mo.
10. a kind of display device, which is characterized in that including such as described in any item display panels of claim 1-9.
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| CN110426887B (en) | 2022-04-22 |
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