CN110426732A - A kind of seismic source apparatus and its control method of sound wave gaging hole - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a seismic source device for acoustic hole surveying and a control method thereof. The device includes a bracket; at least one energizable solenoid; a reversing component for changing the current direction of a wire of the energizable solenoid; A vibrating hammer that moves axially inside the energizable solenoid; a vibrating cylinder struck by the vibrating hammer; the energizable solenoid is fixed on the bracket; the vibrating hammer is made of ferromagnetic material; The vibrating cylinder is sheathed outside the vibrating hammer. The seismic source device and control method of the acoustic hole surveying of the present invention enable the seismic source equipment to take into account high power, good repeatability, convenient operation and other excellent performances.

Description

Vibration source device and control method for acoustic hole measuring

technical field

The invention relates to rock and soil mass testing technology, in particular to a seismic source device for acoustic hole measuring and a control method thereof.

Background technique

As the frequency of people's travel and the increase in regions, more railways or roads need to be built in more places. Before a railway or road is built, geotechnical tests are required to determine the construction method and specific workmanship.

For rock and soil testing, sonic hole testing is often used. Sonic logging, also known as sonic logging, refers to the use of acoustic characteristics such as speed, amplitude and frequency changes when sound waves propagate in different rocks to study the geological profile of drilling and judge the quality of cementing A hole measuring method. Among them, the seismic source problem has always been a technical problem in the engineering field of acoustic borehole surveying. For a long time, workers in the field of engineering geophysical prospecting have been committed to researching better seismic source equipment.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention expects to provide a seismic source device for acoustic borehole surveying and a control method thereof, so that the seismic source device has excellent performance and is easy to operate.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is achieved in this way:

In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a seismic source device for acoustic borehole surveying. The seismic source device includes:

bracket;

at least one energizable solenoid;

a hammer axially movable within said energizable solenoid;

a vibrating cylinder struck by said vibrating hammer;

The energizable solenoid is fixed on the bracket; the vibrating hammer is made of ferromagnetic material; the vibrating cylinder is sheathed outside the vibrating hammer.

Preferably, both ends of the vibrating cylinder are fixed on the bracket through elastic components.

Preferably, the seismic source device further includes a DC power supply and a reversing component for changing the current direction of the wire in the energizable solenoid, and the two ends of the reversing component are respectively connected to the wire and the DC power supply.

Preferably, the seismic source device includes two energizable solenoids, both of which are connected to the reversing component; the two energizable solenoids are arranged in sequence in the axial direction.

Preferably, the vibrating cylinder is circular, and the wall thickness of the vibrating cylinder is less than or equal to 3 mm.

Preferably, the vibrating hammer is a cylinder; the vibrating cylinder is provided with a plane parallel to the end face of the vibrating hammer corresponding to the impact of the vibrating hammer.

Preferably, the elastic component is a rubber ring.

Preferably, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the energizable solenoid is less than a preset value.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling the seismic source device of any one of the above-mentioned acoustic hole surveying, the method comprising:

One or more energizable solenoids are energized, and the magnetic field generated by the energizable solenoids drives the hammer to move and strike the vibrating cylinder.

Preferably, said energizing one or more energizable solenoids, driving the vibrator to move and strike the vibrating cylinder through the magnetic field generated by said energizable solenoids, includes:

Energize all the energizable solenoids, and make all the energizable solenoids generate a magnetic field in the same direction, drive the vibrating hammer to move to one end of the limit position through the magnetic field, and hit the vibrating cylinder ;

Alternatively, energize any one of the energizable solenoids to generate a magnetic field in a first direction, and drive the hammer to move to one end through the magnetic field in the first direction;

When energizing all the energizable solenoids, a magnetic field in a second direction is generated, and the vibrating hammer is driven to move to the other end by the magnetic field in the second direction, and strikes the vibrating cylinder.

The seismic source device and control method for acoustic hole surveying according to the embodiment of the present invention set up a vibrating hammer and a vibrating cylinder according to the principle that the ferromagnetic material moves along the magnetic force line, and a circumferentially closed vibrating cylinder generates both longitudinal waves and transverse waves. The longitudinal and transverse waves enable the source equipment to take into account the excellent performances of high power, good repeatability, and convenient operation.

Other beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in specific embodiments in combination with specific technical solutions.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, a brief description of the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be given below. It should be understood that the drawings described below are only part of the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a seismic source device for acoustic borehole surveying according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of A-A direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of B-B direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of C-C direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of D-D direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view along E-E in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

It should be noted that, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be an electrical connection, or it may be an internal communication between two elements, it may be a direct connection, or it may be an indirect connection through an intermediary. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations. The term "first\second\third" mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention is only used to distinguish similar objects, and does not represent a specific ordering of objects. It can be understood that "first\second\third" can be exchanged for a specific sequence or sequence if allowed.

In the prior art, acoustic borehole logging generally adopts an active source method, using a seismic source in the well to excite elastic waves propagating along the well wall, and the sensors in the well receive signals, and calculate the well wall wave velocity according to the arrival time of the elastic waves. Among them, the seismic source problem has always been a technical problem in the engineering field of acoustic borehole measurement. The types of seismic sources are roughly divided into three types according to the structure types: radial stress sources, axial stress sources and rotational stress sources. Other seismic sources can be formed by the combination of these three sources. According to the source of the source, it can be divided into electric spark source, ultrasonic transducer source, giant magnetostrictive source and electromagnetic excitation source.

For a long time, workers in the field of engineering geophysical exploration have been committed to researching high-power, repeatable, and easy-to-operate seismic source equipment for acoustic borehole surveying. However, the seismic source produced by the existing seismic source equipment cannot simultaneously take into account the excellent performances such as high power, good repeatability, and convenient operation.

First of all, the operation of the electric spark source is complicated and the equipment is redundant. It needs to be connected to an external high voltage of 220V. Usually, it needs to be equipped with a generator and a booster to use a high-power capacitor for power supply. The detection efficiency is low and the high voltage is unsafe.

Secondly, the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is used as a logging source. Although it can excite high-frequency vibration, has good repeatability, and is simple and efficient to operate, the ultrasonic transducer has defects such as low excitation energy, easy damage, and large aftershocks.

Furthermore, the giant magnetostrictive source can excite a high-power and repeatable source through electromagnetic action, but the operation is complicated, requiring the use of capacitor charging to achieve high-voltage discharge, and the giant magnetostrictive material is fragile and has a short life cycle.

Finally, the acoustic wave field excited by the above-mentioned borehole source is single, and usually only a single effective longitudinal wave or shear wave can be excited.

In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a seismic source device for acoustic hole surveying, the device includes a bracket;

at least one energizable solenoid;

a hammer axially movable within said energizable solenoid;

a vibrating cylinder struck by said vibrating hammer;

The energizable solenoid is fixed on the bracket; the vibrating hammer is made of ferromagnetic material; the vibrating cylinder is sheathed outside the vibrating hammer.

Here, the vibrating cylinder is a circumferentially closed cylinder, and the shape is not limited, and may be a cylinder, a rectangular cylinder, a hexagonal cylinder, or the like. In this way, when the vibrating hammer hits, in addition to the transverse waves generated by the direct impact, longitudinal waves can also be generated due to the deformation of the vibrating cylinder. Experiments have proved that if the circumferential direction is not closed, longitudinal waves cannot be generated.

The seismic source device for acoustic hole surveying in the embodiment of the present invention is equipped with a vibrating hammer and a vibrating cylinder according to the principle that ferromagnetic materials move along the magnetic force line, so that the seismic source equipment can take into account the excellent performances of high power, good repeatability, and convenient operation. And through a circumferentially closed vibrating cylinder, longitudinal and transverse waves can be generated.

In one embodiment, both ends of the vibrating cylinder are fixed on the bracket through elastic components. In this way, there is a flexible fixation between the vibrating cylinder and the support, which helps the vibrating cylinder to produce greater deformation and can also emit more powerful longitudinal and transverse waves, which is a preferred method.

In one embodiment, the seismic source device further includes a DC power supply and a reversing component that changes the current direction of the wire in the energizable solenoid, and the two ends of the reversing component are respectively connected to the wire and the DC power supply. This enables multiple impacts or accelerated impacts by changing the current direction of the wire in the energizable solenoid. is the preferred way.

In one embodiment, the seismic source device includes two energizable solenoids, both of which are connected to the reversing component; the two energizable solenoids are arranged axially sequentially arrangement. In this way, a larger magnetic flux can be generated. The mutual cooperation of the two energizable solenoids can drive the vibrating hammer to generate greater acceleration, further increasing the power of the longitudinal and transverse waves. And two solenoids that can be energized are relatively simple to control than three or more, which is a preferred mode.

In one embodiment, the vibrating cylinder is circular. Round, easier to manufacture. It is also in line with the actual situation in acoustic hole logging, that is, a circular deep well will be dug before the test. is the preferred way.

In one embodiment, the wall thickness of the vibrating cylinder is less than or equal to 3 mm. The thickness is thinner, and it is easier to generate high-power longitudinal and transverse waves, which is the preferred method.

In one embodiment, the vibrating hammer is a cylinder; the vibrating cylinder is provided with a plane parallel to the end face of the vibrating hammer corresponding to the impact of the vibrating hammer. In this way, the contact area of the impact is large, and more energy can be transmitted. It also makes the vibrating cylinder less prone to damage, which is the preferred method.

In one embodiment, the elastic member is a rubber ring. The rubber ring has better elasticity, and can connect the vibration cylinder and the bracket through elastic force when the vibration cylinder is not impacted, so as to play a good fixing role; after the vibration cylinder is impacted, it can give the vibration cylinder The above-mentioned vibrating cylinder provides larger deformation space and buffer, and increases the power of longitudinal and transverse waves.

In one embodiment, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the energizable solenoid is less than a preset value. In this way, it helps to reduce the resistance to the movement of the vibrating hammer. Further, the inner wall of the energizable solenoid can also be coated with liquid lubricant.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for controlling the seismic source device of any of the above-mentioned acoustic borehole surveys, the method comprising:

One or more energizable solenoids are energized, and the magnetic field generated by the energizable solenoids drives the hammer to move and strike the vibrating cylinder.

In one embodiment, said energizing one or more energizable solenoids, driving the vibrating hammer to move and strike the vibrating cylinder through the magnetic field generated by said energizable solenoids, comprises:

Energize all the energizable solenoids, and make all the energizable solenoids generate a magnetic field in the same direction, drive the vibrating hammer to move to one end of the limit position through the magnetic field, and hit the vibrating cylinder ;

Alternatively, energize any one of the energizable solenoids to generate a magnetic field in a first direction, and drive the hammer to move to one end through the magnetic field in the first direction;

When energizing all the energizable solenoids, a magnetic field in a second direction is generated, and the vibrating hammer is driven to move to the other end by the magnetic field in the second direction, and strikes the vibrating cylinder.

In the second way, since the vibrating hammer is moved to one end first, but does not hit the vibrating cylinder, the stroke of the vibrating hammer moving to the other end, that is, the impact movement is increased. Under the action of acceleration, the vibrating hammer hits the vibrating cylinder. The speed of the cylinder is faster and can generate more powerful longitudinal and transverse waves, which is the preferred method.

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention; and, the embodiments described below are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Those of ordinary skill in the art, according to these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained under the premise of not paying creative efforts, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-6, one embodiment of the present invention provides a seismic source device for acoustic borehole surveying. out), vibrating hammer 31 and vibrating cylinder 41. in,

The bracket 11 is used for installing various components of the seismic source device. Specifically, the material of the bracket 11 is a non-ferromagnetic material with high strength requirements, such as high carbon steel or alloy steel.

The energizable solenoid 20 is used to generate a magnetic field. The energizable solenoid 20 includes an iron core and a coil winding. The iron core is made of ferromagnetic material, and the coil winding is made of enameled wire. Generally, in the case of a certain volume, the number of turns should be as large as possible, so that a larger magnetic flux can be generated.

The reversing component is used to change the current direction of the wire in the energizable solenoid 20 . In order to change the direction of the magnetic field and control the moving direction of the hammer 31 .

The vibrating hammer 31 is used to strike the vibrating cylinder 41 . Under the action of the magnetic field of the energizable solenoid 20 , the vibrating hammer 31 moves axially in the inner cavity of the energizable solenoid 20 , and then strikes the vibrating cylinder 41 . The vibrating hammer 31 is made of ferromagnetic material.

The vibrating cylinder 41 is used to generate longitudinal and transverse waves. The vibrating cylinder 41 is sheathed outside the vibrating hammer 31 .

In this embodiment, both ends of the vibrating cylinder 41 are fixed on the bracket 11 through elastic components. Specifically, the elastic component is a rubber ring 51 .

In this embodiment, in order to be conveniently put into the well, the bracket 11 is circular and has a cylindrical inner cavity, and the energizable solenoid 20 is placed in the inner cavity, and the inner cavity is placed in the inner cavity. Both ends of the energizable solenoid 20 are hollowed out to facilitate the impact of the vibrating hammer 31 on the vibrating cylinder 41 . Specifically, the upper end of the bracket 11 is provided with an internal thread 111 for hoisting, and the lower end is provided with an internal thread 112 for hanging heavy objects. The purpose of hanging heavy objects under the support is to stabilize the support so that the seismic source device does not shake during work.

In addition, the bracket is also provided with a structure for winding the energizable solenoid 20 , which may be a hollow on the outer wall of the bracket, which will not be described in detail, see FIG. 2 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the energizable solenoid 20 includes two solenoids, namely a solenoid 201 and a solenoid 202 . The solenoid 201 is on the left and the solenoid 202 is on the right. Both of the solenoids are connected to the reversing member and are connected to a DC power source through the reversing member. The two solenoids are arranged sequentially in the axial direction, and each solenoid includes two wire ends. Specifically, the two wire ends of the solenoid 201 are respectively 21 and 22, and the two wire ends of the solenoid 202 are respectively 23 and 24. The iron core of the energizable solenoid 20 can be integrally formed with the support 11, and can also be assembled on the support, preferably on the support. In this way, the iron core can be made of ferromagnetic material, which can further The magnetic field strength of the energizable solenoid 20 is increased.

In this embodiment, the vibrating cylinder 41 is circular. Specifically, the wall thickness of the vibrating cylinder 41 is less than or equal to 3 mm. The vibrating cylinder 41 is made of low-strength materials, such as low-carbon steel, so as to generate greater deformation and excite longitudinal waves.

In this embodiment, the vibrating hammer 31 is a cylinder; the vibrating cylinder 41 is provided with an impact block 411 corresponding to the impact of the vibrating hammer 31 . Specifically, the impact block 411 may be formed integrally with the vibrating cylinder 41 , or may be formed through assembly, which will not be described in detail.

In this embodiment, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the energizable solenoid 20 is smaller than a preset value. Specifically, the surface roughness may be less than Ra1.6. Further, the inner wall of the energizable solenoid 20 can also be coated with liquid lubricant to make the vibration hammer move more smoothly.

In this embodiment, the gap between the inner cavity of the energizable solenoid 20 and the vibrating hammer 31 is 0.5-1 mm, under the premise that the processing quality can be guaranteed, that is, the cylindricity error is small, the surface roughness is small, etc. Next, the smaller the gap, the better, so that the driving effect of the magnetic field is greater.

In order to better understand the seismic source device of the embodiment of the present invention, the control method of the embodiment of the present invention is introduced below, and the method includes the following steps:

1) Supply power to the solenoid 201 on the left, 22 flows in and 21 flows out. The solenoid 20 that can be energized forms a magnetic field to the right, and the shock hammer 31 moves to the far right;

2) Change the current direction of the solenoid 201 on the left, and supply power to the solenoid 202 on the right at the same time, 23 flows in, 24 flows out, and the solenoid 20 can be energized to form two consistent leftward magnetic fields, which were originally stationary on the right The vibrating hammer 31 on the side is accelerated to move to the left by the magnetic field;

3) The vibrating hammer 31 accelerates to impact the vibrating cylinder 41, that is, after impacting the impact block 411, the current direction of the solenoid 201 on the left is changed again, and the solenoids on the left and right sides will form a magnetic field in the opposite direction, and the vibrating hammer will 31 reset to the vicinity of the junction of the two solenoids;

4) After the data acquisition of the longitudinal and transverse waves is completed, the power supply to the energizable solenoid 20 is stopped.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A seismic source device for acoustic hole surveying, characterized in that, the seismic source device comprises: bracket; at least one energizable solenoid; a hammer axially movable within said energizable solenoid; a vibrating cylinder struck by said vibrating hammer; The energizable solenoid is fixed on the bracket; the vibrating hammer is made of ferromagnetic material; the vibrating cylinder is sheathed outside the vibrating hammer. 2 . The seismic source device for acoustic hole measuring according to claim 1 , wherein both ends of the vibrating cylinder are fixed on the support by elastic members. 3 . 3. The seismic source device for acoustic hole measuring according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the seismic source device also includes a DC power supply and a reversing component for changing the current direction of the wire in the energizable solenoid, so Two ends of the reversing component are respectively connected to the wire and the DC power supply. 4. The seismic source device for acoustic hole measuring according to claim 3, wherein the seismic source device comprises two energizable solenoids, both of which are connected to the commutation Component; two said energizable solenoids arranged axially sequentially. 5 . The seismic source device for acoustic hole measuring according to claim 4 , wherein the vibration cylinder is circular, and the wall thickness of the vibration cylinder is less than or equal to 3 mm. 6. The seismic source device for acoustic hole measuring according to claim 5, wherein the vibrating hammer is a cylinder; the vibrating cylinder is provided with a vibrator parallel to the end face of the vibrating hammer corresponding to the impact of the vibrating hammer. plane. 7 . The seismic source device for acoustic hole measuring according to claim 2 , wherein the elastic component is the rubber ring. 8 . 8. The seismic source device for acoustic hole measuring according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface roughness of the inner wall of the energizable solenoid is smaller than a preset value. 9. A control method for the seismic source device of acoustic hole surveying according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the method comprises: One or more energizable solenoids are energized, and the magnetic field generated by the energizable solenoids drives the hammer to move and strike the vibrating cylinder. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the one or more energizable solenoids are energized, and the magnetic field generated by the energizable solenoids is used to drive the vibrating hammer to move and strike the vibrating cylinder, include: Energize all the energizable solenoids, and make all the energizable solenoids generate a magnetic field in the same direction, drive the vibrating hammer to move to one end of the limit position through the magnetic field, and hit the vibrating cylinder ; Alternatively, energize any one of the energizable solenoids to generate a magnetic field in a first direction, and drive the hammer to move to one end through the magnetic field in the first direction; When energizing all the energizable solenoids, a magnetic field in a second direction is generated, and the vibrating hammer is driven to move to the other end by the magnetic field in the second direction, and strikes the vibrating cylinder.