CN110417386A - A kind of wiring circuit device with soft switching characteristics - Google Patents

Abstract

Connect the soft-switching characteristic type wiring circuit device between the power supply equipment [8] and the electrical equipment [9]. When the touch unit [4] receives the opening signal, the trigger signal control system [1] generates a corresponding action, and one of the Output to the starting connector [3], so that the power supply equipment [8] forms a path with the electrical equipment [9] through the starting connector, and the load of the electrical equipment obtains a certain current-limited starting power. After a startup delay, The other output of the trigger signal control system [1] is sent to the main connector [2], the contacts of the main connector are turned on, and the power supply equipment [8] and the electrical equipment [9] are connected into a path, and the load of the electrical equipment is obtained. Normal power supply reduces the impact effect caused by drastic changes in current and voltage during startup. The thermal protector [5] detects the temperature change of the main connector [2]. When the temperature is too high, it triggers the trigger signal control system [1] to work. Cut off the main connector [2], start the connector [3], disconnect the power supply equipment from the electrical equipment, and improve the safety and reliability of the device.

Description

A kind of wiring circuit device with soft switching characteristics

Technical field:

The invention relates to a soft switch characteristic wiring circuit device for power distribution of ships and vehicles, which belongs to the field of electrical equipment.

Background technique:

Current background technology and existing defects: in the use environment of ships and vehicles, it often involves the opening and closing of high-power electrical equipment. The most commonly used method is to insert a mechanical switch in series in the circuit, and complete the on-off of the electrical equipment by pushing the contact of the mechanical switch to open and close. When the power of the electrical equipment is large, or when it is a non-resistive load, the impact generated at the moment the circuit is turned on often causes ablation of the switch contacts, resulting in failure of the electrical line. One improvement method is to use solid-state circuit technology such as silicon controlled rectifiers in the AC circuit, and use the means of zero-crossing trigger to connect the circuit near the zero point of the AC waveform, so as to realize the soft characteristic access of electrical equipment and avoid circuit shock, Chen Jiaxin The design of a thyristor zero-crossing trigger circuit in "Modern Electronic Technology" No. 7, 2000, Zhang Xingjie's two-way zero-crossing power adjustment, speed regulation and dimming in "Electronic Science and Technology" No. 5, 2017 The application of the thyristor method is introduced; although this method can achieve reliable connection and remote control, the switching voltage drop of the solid-state circuit during the conduction period is relatively large, and the heat consumption of the solid-state circuit is obvious. This limits its application in some occasions. At the same time, this solid-state circuit still has a certain leakage current during the shutdown period. When the mobile device needs to have some contact with the human body, this leakage current will lead to safety accidents. occur.

Invention content:

The content of the invention provided to solve the defects of the current technology: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the current wiring circuit, the present invention provides a soft-switching characteristic wiring circuit device. The soft switch characteristic type wiring circuit device is composed of: trigger signal control system [1], main connector [2], start connector [3], touch unit [4], thermal protector [5], power supply assembly [ 6] and so on.

The solution and structure used by the new technology: the present invention is realized in such a way that a soft-switching characteristic wiring circuit device is connected between a power supply device and an electric device. The power supply component [6] of the soft-switching characteristic type wiring circuit device is connected with the power supply equipment [8], and after obtaining electric energy, it is converted into the low-voltage direct current required for the operation of the soft-switching characteristic type wiring circuit device itself, and the main connector [2] It can be composed of mechanical contact relays, whose input end is connected to the power supply equipment [8] end, the output end is connected to the electrical equipment [9] end, and the input end and output end of the starting connector [3] are correspondingly connected in parallel to the main On the input end and output end of the connector [2], the touch unit [4] is connected with the trigger signal control system [1] to provide switch start trigger; the trigger signal control system [1] is composed of a single-chip microcomputer chip as the core, one of which The signal output is connected to the control signal end of the main connector [2], and the other signal output is connected to the control signal end of the start connector [3] to provide the opening and closing control of each connector; the thermal protector [5] and the trigger One input terminal of the signal control system [1] is connected, and its position is installed on the main connector [2] to detect the temperature of the main connector and generate a corresponding control signal; the interior of the start connector [3] is controlled by the relay [10] , resistor [11] and inductor [12] connected in series.

The good effect produced by adopting the new technology solution: connect the soft switching characteristic type wiring circuit device between the power supply equipment and the electric equipment, when the touch unit [4] receives the opening signal, the trigger signal control system [1] A corresponding action is generated, one of which is output to the start connector [3], and the relay in the start connector is turned on, so that the power supply device [8] passes through the relay [10], resistor [11] and inductor connected in series inside the start connector. The device [12] forms a path with the electrical equipment [9], and the load of the electrical equipment obtains a certain current-limited start-up electric energy. After a start-up delay, the other output of the trigger signal control system [1] is sent to the main connector [ 2], the main connector contacts are turned on, and the power supply equipment [8] and the electrical equipment [9] are connected into a path, and the load of the electrical equipment can obtain normal power supply, which reduces the current and voltage drastic changes during the startup process. The impact effect reduces the power failure; the thermal protector [5] detects the temperature change of the main connector [2], and when the temperature is too high, it causes the trigger signal control system [1] to work, and the two outputs respectively cut off the main connection The device [2] and the starting connector [3] are used to disconnect the power supply equipment from the electrical equipment, which can further improve the safety and reliability of the circuit device.

Description of drawings:

Description of drawings and explanations of terms represented by numbers in the drawings:

Figure 1 shows the functional structure diagram of the soft switching characteristic type wiring circuit device

Figure 2 shows the internal functional structure of the boot connector

Figure 3 shows the signal timing diagram of the soft switching characteristic type wiring circuit device

Figure 4 shows the electrical schematic diagram of the soft switching characteristic type wiring circuit device

Figure 5 shows the structure diagram of the enhanced function of the soft switching characteristic type wiring circuit device

Figure 6 shows the electrical schematic diagram of the enhanced function of the soft-switching characteristic type wiring circuit device

In Figure 1:

1. Trigger signal control system 2. Main connector 3. Start connector 4. Touch unit

5. Thermal protector 6. Power supply components 8. Power supply equipment 9. Electrical equipment

In Figure 2:

10. Relay 11. Resistor 12. Inductor

In Figure 5:

1. Trigger signal control system 2. Main connector 3. Start connector 4. Touch unit

5. Thermal protector 6. Power supply components 7. Overcurrent protection unit 8. Power supply equipment

9. Electrical equipment 13. Slave connector

Specific examples:

In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 4, the soft-switching characteristic type wiring circuit device is arranged on the printed circuit board, the power supply equipment [8] is a single-phase 220V AC, and the electrical equipment [9] is a ship battery Charger, power 3.5KW. The live wire terminal L from the power supply equipment is connected to the input terminal of the main connector KT1 through a 20-ampere current-limiting switch FU, and the output terminal of KT1 is connected to the electrical equipment; the relay KT2 of the starting connector connects with the resistor R1 and the inductor Connector L1 is connected in series, and then connected in parallel to the main connector KT1; the zero line terminal N of the power supply equipment is connected to the electrical equipment terminal correspondingly, and the ground wire of each part is connected to the PE terminal according to the functional requirements; the trigger signal control system is connected to IC1 integrated circuit is the core component. IC1 uses AT89C51 chip and works at 8M main frequency. When the touch unit switch K1 connected to the P1.2 pin is closed, the IC1 system obtains a low potential trigger signal, which is shown in Figure 3 At time t0 shown, the IC1 system starts timing. After a delay of about 60ms, when it reaches time t1, the IC1 system makes the P1.4 pin a low potential output, and the comparator IC2a outputs a 12V high potential, which is added to the control signal terminal of the relay KT2. The input and output terminals of KT2 are turned on, the start connector line is opened, and the electrical equipment is powered and enters the start state. After a delay of about 8ms in the IC1 system, the P1.3 pin becomes a low potential output, and the comparator IC2b outputs 12V When the high potential is applied to the KT1 control signal terminal, the input and output terminals of KT1 are turned on, the main connector line is opened, and the electrical equipment enters the normal working state. This is the time t2, and after a 50ms delay, it reaches the time t3 and starts The connector is turned off due to the high potential of P1.4; the thermal protector is mainly composed of the temperature sensor V1, which is LM35 and placed on the metal heat dissipation part of the main connector KT1. When the temperature reaches 65 degrees Celsius, the comparator IC3a The output becomes low potential, the IC1 system reads in through the P3.3 pin, and the P1.3 pin becomes high potential, the comparator IC2b outputs a low potential, the main connector KT1 is turned off, and the electrical equipment is powered off to obtain safety protection ;According to the work needs, the K1 switch can also be disconnected to instruct the trigger signal control system to turn off KT1, KT2, etc. in reverse order; S1 is a 12V DC power supply component, and a mature switching power supply solution such as TA05-T2S12 can be selected, and S2 is a series connection Type regulated power supply, LM7805 can be selected, adding RV varistor can prevent accidents such as line overvoltage, lightning strike, etc., choose 10D471K type, protection voltage parameter 470V, power resistor R1 chooses 10W, 5.1 ohms, L1 uses 1.8mm enameled wire in diameter The 11mm ferrite bar is wound flat with 10 turns, KT1 and KT2 use HF115F mechanical contact relays, the rated current is 16 amps, the comparator IC2 and IC3 use LM324 integrated operational amplifiers, and other components in the circuit can meet the general requirements .

Figure 5 and Figure 6 show a soft-switching characteristic type wiring circuit device with an enhanced function structure. When the electrical equipment must be completely separated from the power supply equipment due to safety requirements, it may be considered to set a slave connector on the neutral line of the power supply[13] , connected from the connector between the power supply equipment [8] and the electrical equipment [9], as shown in Figure 6, the other steps of the power-on process are the same as the above-mentioned structural circuit in Figure 4, only when the switch K1 is closed, the IC1 system First, make the P1.5 pin a low potential output, the comparator IC2c outputs a 12V high potential, and drive the slave connector KT3 to turn on. This is the time t0 shown in Figure 3. After a delay of about 60ms to reach the time t1, the IC1 system will Make the P1.4 pin a low potential output, and then complete other steps in the power-on and power-off process according to the timing sequence in Figure 3. The overcurrent protection unit [7] is composed of a triode V2 and a current sensing coil L2, etc. V2 uses a 3DG6 triode, and L2 uses an annular ferrite core with a radial dimension of 25 mm to wind a 160-turn coil, and pass the live wire through the annular core An induction loop is formed. When the live wire current measured on the induction coil L2 exceeds 18 amperes, the induction current is amplified by the triode V2, and the comparator IC3b is driven to output a pulse electric signal, and the output signal is connected to the P3.2 pin of IC1. After the trigger signal is read in by the control system, the main connector, the starting connector and the slave connector are forced to be shut off to ensure the safety of the electrical equipment. Select HF115F mechanical contact relay from connector KT3.

The device can also be used in vehicles where high power electrical connections are required.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of Sofe Switch characteristic type connecting circuit device, it is connected by trigger signal control system [1], main connector [2], starting It connects device [3], thermal protector [5] composition, it is characterised in that: the input, output end of described main connector [2] and starting connection The input, output end of device [3] is connected in parallel, and then its input terminal to connect is connected to Power Supplying Equipment end, and output end is connected to Electrical equipment end, two signal ends of trigger signal control system [1] are connected to starting connector [3] and main connector [2] control signal end carries out signal transmission control according to regular hour sequence, completes connector switch on-off.

2. Sofe Switch characteristic type connecting circuit device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described main connector [2] thermal protector [5] are housed on.

3. Sofe Switch characteristic type connecting circuit device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described trigger signal control What system [1] processed was made of single chip circuit.

4. Sofe Switch characteristic type connecting circuit device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described starting connector [3] equipped with relay [10], resistor [11] and the inductor [12] being connected in series on.

5. Sofe Switch characteristic type connecting circuit device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described main connector [2] it is made of mechanical contact-type relay.