CN110409196A - 一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)制备包覆天然染料的二氧化硅微球;(2)将步骤(1)制得的包覆天然染料的二氧化硅微球表面包裹二氧化钛,并将其置于烘箱中烘干制得包裹有二氧化钛的二氧化硅微球;(3)将步骤(2)制得的微球表面接枝氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷;(4)将步骤(3)制得的氨基修饰的微球、聚乙烯醇、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、水性聚氨酯、三羟甲基丙烷、表面活性剂、分散剂、水进行混合制得天然着色功能剂。本发明制得的染色剂除了具有良好的染色性和耐洗牢度外,经该染色功能剂染色后的面料具有良好的抗皱性和抗紫外性能。因此本发明制得的天然功能剂在织物染色中具有重要的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织技术领域,具体涉及一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法。
背景技术
天然染料是指从动物、植物或矿物资源中获得的、很少或没有经过化学加工的染料。常用于纺织物的染色染整、食品的调色以及太阳能电池中。天然染料的分类方式较多,若按染料的来源可分为植物染料、动物染料及矿物染料;若按天然染料的化学组成不同,则可分为类胡萝卜素类、蒽醌类、萘醌类、类黄酮类、姜黄素类、靛蓝类、叶绿素类共 7 类天然染料;若按染料的溶解性不同又可分为水溶性天然染料、醇溶性天然染料和油溶性天然染料。
由于天然染料与生态环境具有良好的相容性,可生物降解,毒性低、原料可再生,并且染色后具有自然的色泽和香味,因此其在纺织领域的染色技术中具有广泛的应用。然而由于天然染料未经过化学改造,因此其染色牢度较差,耐日晒性能较低。因此要想提高天然染料在纺织领域的使用价值,需要对其进行进一步研究,以提高天然染料的多功能性。
发明内容
为了解决以上现有存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,使用该方法制得的天然染料具有更多的功能性,对提高织物的综合性能具有重要的作用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将浓度为28%的浓氨水以1:2:1.5的体积比加入到乙醇和水的混合溶液中,于室温下搅拌混合5-10min,然后加入终浓度为40-60wt%的天然染料,继续搅拌10-20min,最后快速加入体积分数为10%的正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,于室温条件下继续反应18-36h,通过离心去除上清,沉淀物用乙醇和水溶液交替洗涤,最后将沉淀物烘干得到包覆天然染料的二氧化硅微球;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的30份二氧化硅包覆的天然染料加入到50-80份异丙醇溶液中,于40℃的温度下搅拌混合1h后通过蠕动泵滴入5-10份HAc-NH4Ac与H2O2的混合水溶液,搅拌2h后滴入8-15mL钛酸丁酯、1-2份乙酰丙酮和15-20份异丙醇的混合液,继续搅拌5-8h,将反应产物通过抽滤收集滤饼,并将其置于烘箱中烘干制得包裹有二氧化钛的二氧化硅微球;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的微球表面接枝氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷,从而使得微球的表面修饰上氨基基团;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的氨基修饰的微球40-70份、聚乙烯醇10-20份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯6-12份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8-16份、水性聚氨酯10-16份、三羟甲基丙烷5-10份、表面活性剂4-8份、分散剂2-6份、水15-30份进行混合,于40-50℃的温度下搅拌反应1-2h,即制得天然着色功能剂。
进一步的,所述步骤(2)过程中的搅拌转速为300-500r/min。
优选的,本发明所述的一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法的步骤(4)中各原料的重量份为氨基修饰的微球55份、聚乙烯醇15份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯9份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚12份、水性聚氨酯13份、三羟甲基丙烷8份、表面活性剂6份、分散剂4份、水22份。
进一步的,所述的表面活性剂为甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯、十八烷基三甲基溴化铵、十二烷基苯磺酸纳或椰油酸二乙醇酰胺的一种或几种组合。
进一步的,所述的分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、木质素磺酸钠或聚乙二醇。
本发明所述的制备方法制得的天然着色功能剂。
有益效果:本发明提供了一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,该天然着色功能剂以天然染料作为基础染色剂,使用二氧化硅微球进行包裹,从而提高染料的稳定性,再在二氧化硅微球表面包覆二氧化钛,二氧化钛修饰氨基化的硅烷偶联剂,从而提高与面料的结合力。经二氧化钛包覆后,使得染色剂具有抗紫外和抗皱的特性,从而使得经该染色剂染色的面料具有良好的抗紫外性和抗皱性。
从测试结果得出,本发明制得的染色剂除了具有良好的染色性和耐洗牢度外,经该染色功能剂染色后的面料具有良好的抗皱性和抗紫外性能。因此本发明制得的天然功能剂在织物染色中具有重要的应用价值。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明,但实施例仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1
一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将浓度为28%的浓氨水以1:2:1.5的体积比加入到乙醇和水的混合溶液中,于室温下搅拌混合5-10min,然后加入终浓度为50wt%的栀子黄,继续搅拌15min,最后快速加入体积分数为10%的正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,于室温条件下继续反应27h,通过离心去除上清,沉淀物用乙醇和水溶液交替洗涤,最后将沉淀物烘干得到包覆栀子黄的二氧化硅微球;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的30份二氧化硅包覆的栀子黄加入到65份异丙醇溶液中,于40℃的温度下搅拌混合1h后通过蠕动泵滴入7.5份HAc-NH4Ac与H2O2的混合水溶液,搅拌2h后滴入12mL钛酸丁酯、1.5份乙酰丙酮和18份异丙醇的混合液,继续搅拌6.5h,将反应产物通过抽滤收集滤饼,并将其置于烘箱中烘干制得包裹有二氧化钛的二氧化硅微球;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的微球表面接枝氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷,从而使得微球的表面修饰上氨基基团;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的氨基修饰的微球55份、聚乙烯醇15份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯9份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚12份、水性聚氨酯13份、三羟甲基丙烷8份、表面活性剂6份、分散剂4份、水22份进行混合,于45℃的温度下搅拌反应1.5h,即制得天然着色功能剂。
所述步骤(2)过程中的搅拌转速为400r/min。
所述的表面活性剂为甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯。
所述的分散剂为三聚磷酸钠。
实施例2
一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将浓度为28%的浓氨水以1:2:1.5的体积比加入到乙醇和水的混合溶液中,于室温下搅拌混合5-10min,然后加入终浓度为40wt%的栀子黄,继续搅拌10min,最后快速加入体积分数为10%的正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,于室温条件下继续反应18h,通过离心去除上清,沉淀物用乙醇和水溶液交替洗涤,最后将沉淀物烘干得到包覆栀子黄的二氧化硅微球;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的30份二氧化硅包覆的栀子黄加入到50份异丙醇溶液中,于40℃的温度下搅拌混合1h后通过蠕动泵滴入5份HAc-NH4Ac与H2O2的混合水溶液,搅拌2h后滴入8mL钛酸丁酯、1份乙酰丙酮和15份异丙醇的混合液,继续搅拌5h,将反应产物通过抽滤收集滤饼,并将其置于烘箱中烘干制得包裹有二氧化钛的二氧化硅微球;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的微球表面接枝氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷,从而使得微球的表面修饰上氨基基团;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的氨基修饰的微球40份、聚乙烯醇10份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯6份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8份、水性聚氨酯10份、三羟甲基丙烷5份、表面活性剂4份、分散剂2份、水15份进行混合,于40℃的温度下搅拌反应1h,即制得天然着色功能剂。
所述步骤(2)过程中的搅拌转速为300r/min。
所述的表面活性剂为十八烷基三甲基溴化铵。
所述的分散剂木质素磺酸钠。
实施例3
一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将浓度为28%的浓氨水以1:2:1.5的体积比加入到乙醇和水的混合溶液中,于室温下搅拌混合5-10min,然后加入终浓度为45wt%的栀子黄,继续搅拌12min,最后快速加入体积分数为10%的正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,于室温条件下继续反应20h,通过离心去除上清,沉淀物用乙醇和水溶液交替洗涤,最后将沉淀物烘干得到包覆栀子黄的二氧化硅微球;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的30份二氧化硅包覆的栀子黄加入到60份异丙醇溶液中,于40℃的温度下搅拌混合1h后通过蠕动泵滴入7份HAc-NH4Ac与H2O2的混合水溶液,搅拌2h后滴入10mL钛酸丁酯、1.5份乙酰丙酮和16份异丙醇的混合液,继续搅拌6h,将反应产物通过抽滤收集滤饼,并将其置于烘箱中烘干制得包裹有二氧化钛的二氧化硅微球;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的微球表面接枝氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷,从而使得微球的表面修饰上氨基基团;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的氨基修饰的微球50份、聚乙烯醇12份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯8份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚10份、水性聚氨酯12份、三羟甲基丙烷6份、表面活性剂5份、分散剂3份、水20份进行混合,于42℃的温度下搅拌反应1.3h,即制得天然着色功能剂。
所述步骤(2)过程中的搅拌转速为350r/min。
所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸纳。
所述的分散剂为聚乙二醇2000。
实施例4
一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将浓度为28%的浓氨水以1:2:1.5的体积比加入到乙醇和水的混合溶液中,于室温下搅拌混合5-10min,然后加入终浓度为60wt%的栀子黄,继续搅拌20min,最后快速加入体积分数为10%的正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,于室温条件下继续反应36h,通过离心去除上清,沉淀物用乙醇和水溶液交替洗涤,最后将沉淀物烘干得到包覆栀子黄的二氧化硅微球;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的30份二氧化硅包覆的栀子黄加入到80份异丙醇溶液中,于40℃的温度下搅拌混合1h后通过蠕动泵滴入10份HAc-NH4Ac与H2O2的混合水溶液,搅拌2h后滴入15mL钛酸丁酯、2份乙酰丙酮和20份异丙醇的混合液,继续搅拌8h,将反应产物通过抽滤收集滤饼,并将其置于烘箱中烘干制得包裹有二氧化钛的二氧化硅微球;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的微球表面接枝氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷,从而使得微球的表面修饰上氨基基团;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的氨基修饰的微球70份、聚乙烯醇20份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯12份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚16份、水性聚氨酯16份、三羟甲基丙烷10份、表面活性剂8份、分散剂6份、水30份进行混合,于50℃的温度下搅拌反应2h,即制得天然着色功能剂。
所述步骤(2)过程中的搅拌转速为500r/min。
所述的表面活性剂为质量比为1:1的十八烷基三甲基溴化铵和十二烷基苯磺酸纳。
所述的分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、木质素磺酸钠或聚乙二醇。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于,对比例1缺少步骤(2)。
对比例2
对比例1与实施例1的区别在于,对比例1缺少步骤(3)。
经实施例1-4以及对比例1-2制得的天然着色功能剂以1:15的浴比分别对纯棉面料进行染色,将体系pH调节到7.0,于室温下入染,然后以1℃/min的速率进行升温直至70℃,并保持次温度染色50min,染色结束后将面料水洗晾干。
将染色后的面料进行以下性能测试:
上染率的测定:使用分光光度仪在最大吸收波长处测定染液的吸光度,用以下公式计算上染率:上染率/%= (1-I/I0)×100,式中:I 为染色后残液吸光度;I0为染液初始浓度吸光度;
颜色深度(K/S值)的测定:通过美国Hunter公司生产的Ultrascan XE电子测色配色仪进行测定,每个布样在不同位置处测3次,结果取算术平均值。
耐洗色牢度:按照GB/T3921-2008《纺织品色牢度耐皂洗色牢度》;
抗紫外测定:根据GB/T18830-2002测定面料的抗紫外效果;
抗皱性:参照GB 3819-1997进行测定。
测试结果如表1所示,从表1中得出,本发明制得的天然着色功能剂具有良好的染色效果和耐洗牢度,上染率高达96.2%,K/S值高达14.8,并且经该染色功能剂染色后的面料具有良好的抗皱性和抗紫外性能。
表1
。
Claims (6)
1.一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将浓度为28%的浓氨水以1:2:1.5的体积比加入到乙醇和水的混合溶液中,于室温下搅拌混合5-10min,然后加入终浓度为40-60wt%的天然染料,继续搅拌10-20min,最后快速加入体积分数为10%的正硅酸乙酯的乙醇溶液,于室温条件下继续反应18-36h,通过离心去除上清,沉淀物用乙醇和水溶液交替洗涤,最后将沉淀物烘干得到包覆天然染料的二氧化硅微球;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的30份二氧化硅包覆的天然染料加入到50-80份异丙醇溶液中,于40℃的温度下搅拌混合1h后通过蠕动泵滴入5-10份HAc-NH4Ac与H2O2的混合水溶液,搅拌2h后滴入8-15mL钛酸丁酯、1-2份乙酰丙酮和15-20份异丙醇的混合液,继续搅拌5-8h,将反应产物通过抽滤收集滤饼,并将其置于烘箱中烘干制得包裹有二氧化钛的二氧化硅微球;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的微球表面接枝氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷,从而使得微球的表面修饰上氨基基团;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的氨基修饰的微球40-70份、聚乙烯醇10-20份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯6-12份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8-16份、水性聚氨酯10-16份、三羟甲基丙烷5-10份、表面活性剂4-8份、分散剂2-6份、水15-30份进行混合,于40-50℃的温度下搅拌反应1-2h,即制得天然着色功能剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)过程中的搅拌转速为300-500r/min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中各原料的重量份为氨基修饰的微球55份、聚乙烯醇15份、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯9份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚12份、水性聚氨酯13份、三羟甲基丙烷8份、表面活性剂6份、分散剂4份、水22份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的表面活性剂为甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯、十八烷基三甲基溴化铵、十二烷基苯磺酸纳或椰油酸二乙醇酰胺的一种或几种组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然着色功能剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、木质素磺酸钠或聚乙二醇。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的制备方法制得的天然着色功能剂。
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