The method of silicon ion in solution is removed in a kind of chloralkali process
Technical field
The present invention relates to chloralkali process technical fields, and in particular to the side of silicon ion in solution is removed in a kind of chloralkali process
Method.
Background technique
During chloralkali process prepares caustic soda, needs to remove calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium, the silicon plasma in solution, make it
Content meets the upper film requirement of amberplex, and Fig. 1 is traditional chloralkali process figure, uses deep sea salt, rock salt and ground first
Lower brine is added two alkali, pH is strict controlled between 10-12, while removing calcium ions and magnesium ions, silicon can be given birth to as raw material salt
It at biggish solid particle, is removed by filtration, then upper ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer generates saturated common salt water electrolysis in the process
Light salt brine is recycled again usually as raw material, and the pH for the light salt brine that amberplex comes out needs usually in 2-3 by pH tune
It is whole to 10 or more, Na is added2SO3Dechlorination is carried out, through pre-filtering, before upper nanofiltration membrane carries out denitration, a large amount of hydrochloric acid is added will
It is tuned into neutral meta-acid, there is carbonate in the form of bicarbonate radical, avoids fouling, while meeting common nanofiltration membrane cannot
The requirement operated in the stronger environment of alkalinity for a long time.The process can consume a large amount of hydrochloric acid, cause higher operating cost, and
Hydrochloric acid belongs to the precursor chemicals that are included in of country, than relatively hazardous in use process.
Summary of the invention
It is found in actual production process, it, still will be true either using deep sea salt, rock salt and subsurface brine as raw material salt
Empty salt uses industrial water dissolution as raw material salt, and for a period of time, silicon all can be exceeded in amberplex water inlet, to ion exchange for operation
Film damages.Analyze reason discovery: in antecedent chemical treatment process, pH is difficult to be strict controlled between 10-12, if
PH is excessively high in the process, it will dissolves the silicon generated precipitating, while making the SiO in the solid particulate matters such as sandstone2Dissolution, most
Cause the silicone content in ion exchange coating solution exceeded eventually.In addition, since nanofiltration denitration principle is the Donnan effect of film,
Film depends on the electrostatic interaction between ion and film to the rejection effect of salt, and in pH < 10, silicon is usually with H2SiO3Form deposit
Electroneutral is being presented, nanofiltration membrane is to H2SiO3Cutoff performance it is poor.Therefore, traditional technique is difficult to be effectively removed silicon, special
It is not as light salt brine constantly recycles, silicon is enriched in the entire system, certain content is accumulated to, more than the upper film of amberplex
It is required that being damaged to amberplex.
Present invention aims to overcome that disadvantage of the existing technology, seek to design removing in solution in a kind of chloralkali process
The method of silicon ion, which solve, since enrichment or process regulation are bad, caused silicon ion contains in existing chloralkali process
Amount is more than the requirement of upper amberplex, and then the problem of damage amberplex, while solving hydrochloric acid in denitrification process and consuming
Measure big problem.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of method that silicon ion in solution is removed in chloralkali process, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) suitable sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide is added into raw material salt first, precipitating, filtering remove calcium ions and magnesium ions;
(2) step (1) filtrate is passed through ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer, sodium hydroxide is added into electrolytic cell water outlet light salt brine
Adjusting pH is 10-11, and Na is then added2SO3, dechlorination, solution oxide reduction potential ORP < 200mV are carried out, dechlorination is completed;
(3) pre-filtering is carried out to the solution that step (2) dechlorination is completed using cartridge filter, after suitable antisludging agent is added
It is pumped directly into nanofiltration membrane system, nanofiltration system penetrating fluid and raw material salt mixing circulation use;Under this condition, silicon mainly with
HSiO3 -And SiO3 2-Form exist, nanofiltration membrane is 60-70% to the rejection of Si, can effectively remove the silicon in solution, keep away
Exempt from silicon ion to be enriched in light salt brine cyclic process, and then influences the normal work of amberplex;The nanofiltration membrane system is adopted
With the alkaline-resisting nanofiltration membrane that can be run steadily in the long term under alkaline condition.
Preferably, nanofiltration membrane can in the case where pH=10-11 normal use, such as Tao Shi production alkaline-resisting nanofiltration
Film, the operation which can be steady in a long-term under the conditions of stronger alkaline environment, the distinguishing feature of this special nanofiltration membrane are
The thickness of aramid layer is very high, and the aperture of normal ultrafiltration membrane is 20-200nm, the ultrafiltration membrane bottom that common nanofiltration membrane is usually selected
The aperture of material is larger, then carries out interface polymerization reaction as ground, generates PA layers, and the PA thickness degree is and special than relatively thin
Nanofiltration membrane uses the biggish ultrafiltration membrane ground in aperture of ultrafiltration membrane ground, aperture can be selected close to the ultrafiltration membrane of 200nm, then
Cross-polymerization reaction is carried out, the interface polymerization reaction time is extended, its reaction is made to generate the aramid layer of higher caliper, the nanofiltration
Film can be steady in a long-term under the conditions of stronger alkaline environment operation, but need to control its running temperature lower than 35 DEG C.
In order to further guarantee the stable operation of nanofiltration membrane, in step (3), pre-filtering is discharged pH control in 10-10.5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) nanofiltration membrane is 60-70% to the rejection of Si,
The silicon in solution can be effectively removed, avoids silicon in cyclic process from being enriched with, damages amberplex;(2) it can be avoided during
Using a large amount of hydrochloric acid, process costs are reduced;(4) it is reduced during two alkali is added without strictly controlling pH
The requirement of control process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is traditional chloralkali process process flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that the method for silicon ion in solution is removed in chloralkali process of the present invention.
Specific embodiment:
Invention is described further with attached drawing combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is deep sea salt, rock salt first by adding a certain proportion of water, salt dissolving processing is carried out, is changed
The concentration of sodium chloride is 290-300g/L in salt water after salt, two alkali, additional amount is then added into water are as follows: NaOH 0.2-0.4g/
L, Na2CO30.5-1g/L is chemically treated, and the calcium ions and magnesium ions in water are removed, and is precipitated subsequently into sedimentation basin, is used microfiltration membranes
It is filtered, microfiltration membranes are polysulfones, polyether sulfone or polyvinylidene fluoride, feed water pressure < 10bar, high to the rate of recovery of solution
In 99%, the particulate that partial size is 0.01-0.1 μm can be filtered out, for removing the suspended matter in solution, after filtering it
Solution turbidity < 0.5NTU, then upper high performace ion exchange membrane electrolytic cell carries out alkaline, and it is light salt brine that electrolytic cell, which comes out,
NaCl content is usually 190-210g/L, and pH 2-3 contains the free chlorine of high level at this time in water, it is necessary to be added and carry out
Dechlorination processing, this step need for the pH value of solution to be adjusted to 10-10.5, add Na2SO3,Na2SO3Additive amount can guarantee and
Free chlorine in water reacts slightly excessive completely, controls the oxidation-reduction potential ORP < 200mV of its system, removes the trip in water
From chlorine, the free chlorine in water is 0, and then upper cartridge filter is filtered, and filtered salt water pH is controlled in 10-10.5, on
Alkaline-resisting nanofiltration membrane, NaCl is 190-230g/L, Na in the feeding liquid of nanofiltration membrane herein2SO4For 8-12g/L;Temperature is 40-45 DEG C;
Pressure is 20-25bar;PH is 10-10.5;Chlorine residue is 0;ORP < 200mV;Turbidity < 1NTU;SiO2For 10-15ppm, use
Multistage nanofiltration system, the standard block room which is connected in a series arrangement by several form, and each element cell is built-in
The diameter dimension for having 5-6 standard is 8 cun of nanofiltration membrane unit modules, and the intake pressure of water inlet is 20-25bar, and temperature is lower than
35℃.In 12-15m3Under the flow of inlet water of/h, the section flow control of nanofiltration membrane component is in 280-300mm/s, the section flow velocity
Concentration polarization effect can be reduced to greatest extent, to reduce fouling membrane to greatest extent.The rate of recovery of the nanofiltration system is logical
Often it can achieve 80% or more, the rejection to sodium sulphate is 96% or more, to SiO2Rejection be 60-70%, infiltration
It is mainly NaCl in liquid, penetrating fluid will be squeezed into salt dissolving pond a certain amount of salt of addition and be reused, and concentrate will enter freezing
Crystal system carries out freezing and crystallizing, crystallizes out Na2SO4·10H2O, freezing liquid squeeze into nanofiltration system charging carry out again denitration and
Desiliconization processing.