Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent fruit buffering, classifying and collecting device for flexibly and efficiently classifying and collecting fruits.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an intelligent fruit buffering, classifying and collecting device comprises a buffering device and a classifying and collecting device,
the buffer device comprises a buffer outer disc obliquely arranged on the rack and a buffer hose which is arranged on the upper oblique part of the buffer outer disc, is arranged on the whole body of the upper oblique part of the buffer outer disc and is communicated with the inside of the buffer outer disc, a buffer inner disc is rotatably arranged in the buffer outer disc, the buffer inner disc comprises a base disc and partition plates which are arranged on the upper surface of the base disc in a radial arrangement mode, and a collection cavity formed by adjacent partition plates, the base disc and the buffer outer disc can only contain a single fruit;
the classification collecting device comprises a guide part arranged at the downdip part of the buffering outer disc, a rotary disc arranged on the guide part in a rotating mode, a guide hole communicated with the inside of the buffering outer disc is formed in the guide part, a through hole is formed in the rotary disc opposite to the guide hole, the guide hole and the through hole can only allow a single fruit to pass through, a size classification groove is fixedly formed in the rotary disc outside the through hole, a pressure sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of the inside of the size classification groove, color classification grooves are respectively arranged on the rack below the two sides of the rotary disc in a rotating mode, color sensors are respectively arranged on the edges of each color classification groove, and collecting baskets are respectively arranged on the two sides of the rotating direction of each color classification groove.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the upper surface of the chassis, the lower bottom surface of the inner wall of the guide hole, the lower bottom surface of the inner wall of the through hole and the bottom of the size classification groove are inclined tracks matched with the buffer outer disc.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the rotation of the rotary disc and the color sorting groove is realized by the driving of a motor.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, each classification groove comprises a semicircular tubular guide groove and a hollow hemispherical stop groove butted with the guide groove, and an opening allowing fruit to pass through is formed in the stop groove positioned at the butt joint of the guide groove and the stop groove.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the end part of the guide groove of each color classification groove is provided with a transition arc-shaped groove which is convenient for the fruit to roll to the stop groove.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the device also comprises a lifting device, wherein the lifting device comprises a supporting plate for supporting the buffering device and the classification collecting device, and a scissor-type lifting frame arranged below the supporting plate.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the scissor-fork type lifting frame is arranged on the cart.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: ingenious mechanical structure combines together with automatically controlled for the sufficient harmless meticulous classification of going on of fruit is collected, and elevating gear makes very little that the whole device can contract, and the combination of small handcart can be to the device nimble target area that pushes away, and the device has also reduced fruit grower's intensity of labour, has improved industrial and agricultural's economic benefits.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the intelligent fruit buffering, classifying and collecting device of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the separation between the buffer outer disk and the bottom plate and the partition plate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sorting and collecting device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection between the supporting plate and the lifting device.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting device.
In the figure: 10-buffer outer disk, 11-buffer hose, 12-chassis, 13-partition, 14-rotating shaft, 15-rolling bearing, 20-guide part, 21-rotating disk, 22-guide hole, 23-through hole, 24-size classification groove, 25-pressure sensor, 26-color classification groove, 27-collection basket, 28-color sensor, 29-sliding groove, 200-guide groove, 201-stop groove, 202-transition arc groove, 3-frame, 30-support plate, 31-first motor, 32-second motor, 33-third motor, 34-first frame, 35-second frame, 36-screw, 37-lead screw, 38-first bevel gear, 39-second bevel gear, 40-third bevel gear, 41-fourth bevel gear, 42-manual rocker, 43-sliding hole, 4-cart.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An intelligent fruit buffering, classifying and collecting device comprises a buffering device and a classifying and collecting device,
the buffer device comprises a buffer outer disc 10 obliquely arranged on the rack 3 and a buffer hose 11 which is arranged on the periphery of the upper oblique part of the buffer outer disc 10 and communicated with the inside of the buffer outer disc 10, a buffer inner disc is rotatably arranged in the buffer outer disc 10, the buffer inner disc comprises a base disc 12 and partition plates 13 which are arranged on the upper surface of the base disc 12 in a radial arrangement mode, and a collection cavity formed by the adjacent partition plates 13, the base disc 12 and the buffer outer disc 10 can only contain a single fruit;
the classification collecting device comprises a guide part 20 arranged at the declination part of the buffer outer disc 10 and a rotary disc 21 rotatably arranged on the guide part 20, a guide hole 22 communicated with the inside of the buffer outer disc 10 is formed in the guide part 20, a through hole 23 is formed in the rotary disc 21 opposite to the guide hole 22, the guide hole 22 and the through hole 23 can only allow a single fruit to pass through, a large classification groove 24 and a small classification groove 24 are fixedly arranged on the rotary disc 21 outside the through hole 23, a pressure sensor 25 is arranged on the bottom surface in the large classification groove 24 and the small classification groove 24, a color classification groove 26 is respectively rotatably arranged on the rack 3 below two sides of the rotary disc 21, a color sensor 28 is respectively arranged at the edge of each color classification groove 26, and a collecting basket 27 is respectively arranged on two sides of the rotation direction of.
When the fruit sorting machine is used, the characteristics (weight and color) of fruits to be sorted are input into the controller in advance, the included angle between the bottom surface of the buffering outer disc 10 and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees, and the included angle can be adjusted according to actual requirements. Referring to fig. 1-3, the buffer hose 11 extends to a picking place (or the buffer hose 11 is connected to a picking tool at the picking place), the picked fruit is directly fed into the buffer hose 11 at the picking place, and due to the gravity, the fruit enters the buffer hose 11 and then enters a collection cavity formed by the adjacent partition 13, the chassis 12 and the buffer outer tray 10 (due to the design of the chassis 12, the fruit does not contact with the bottom surface of the inner wall of the buffer outer tray 10 during the rotation process, and the fruit is prevented from being scratched during the rotation process of the partition 13), the partition 13 rotates under the impact force of the fruit, and after rotating to the downward inclined part of the buffer outer tray 10, the fruit enters the through hole 23 on the rotary table 21 through the guide hole 22 of the guide part 20, and then enters the size classification groove 24 through the through hole 23, the pressure sensor 25 transmits pressure information to the controller, and then the controller controls the rotary table 21 to, the rotary table 21 drives the big and small classifying grooves 24 to rotate 90 degrees into the corresponding color classifying grooves 26 (the two color classifying grooves 26 respectively correspond to fruits with different weights, namely big fruit and small fruit classification is realized), at the moment, the disc body of the rotary table 21 blocks the guide hole 22 on the guide part 20, so that the fruits are prevented from continuously entering the big and small classifying grooves 24 through the through hole 23, and then the rotary table 21 reversely rotates 90 degrees to the initial position to meet the next fruit; the in-process that the fruit that rolls in the categorised groove 26 of colour is close to colour sensor 28 gradually, colour sensor 28 transmits the colour data of collecting to the controller, when fruit is close to colour categorised groove 26 end, controller control colour categorised groove 26 rotates, colour categorised groove 26 rotates 90 according to the direction that the controller controlled to corresponding collection basket 27 in, realizes that chinese olive and red fruit are categorised, colour categorised groove 26 counter-rotation 90 is to initial position come on to meet next fruit, so a harmless fruit accomplishes buffering categorised collection process.
In the invention, the controller can adopt a singlechip to control the rotation direction or the rotation speed of each motor. The control means or program between a particular controller and the motor is within the skill of the art.
Referring to fig. 2, in practical implementation, the buffer hose 11 and the buffer outer tray 10 are connected in an oblique manner, so that the communication hole between the two is in an elliptical shape as shown in fig. 2, so that the partition 13 on the bottom tray 12 rotates counterclockwise (as viewed from above in fig. 2) after the fruit is pushed into the partition 13 by gravity, and when the next fruit is met, the bottom tray 12 still rotates counterclockwise, thereby avoiding the problem that the bottom tray 12 cannot rotate in a uniform direction when a plurality of fruits are met continuously.
Specifically, a rotating shaft 14 is vertically arranged at the center inside the buffer outer disc 10, and the rotating shaft 14 is rotatably connected with the chassis 12 and the centers of all the partition plates 13 through a rolling bearing 15. In order to avoid the fruit from being collided in the buffer device, the bottom of the communication hole between the buffer hose 11 and the buffer outer disc 10 is preferably flush with the upper surface of the base disc 12. Further, in order to avoid the partition 13 from damaging the next fruit (due to the two fruits being close together) located in the buffer hose 11 after receiving one of the fruits, when the next fruit is immediately received, the partition 13 is preferably made of a soft material, such as rubber. Specifically, a cambered surface matched with the surface of the spherical fruit is arranged between the adjacent partition plates 13. In specific implementation, the partition plate 13 and the chassis 12 are of a split structure or an integrally formed structure.
As shown in fig. 1, the upper surface of the base plate 12, the lower bottom surface of the inner wall of the guide hole 22, the lower bottom surface of the inner wall of the through hole 23, and the bottom of the size classification groove 24 are preferably inclined tracks corresponding to the buffer outer plate 10. Therefore, the movement track of the fruit from the buffer hose 11 to the size classification groove 24 is smoother, and the collision of the fruit caused by up-and-down fluctuation can be avoided.
In the present invention, the guide portion 20 may be an integral structure or a separate structure as shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the two structural forms may be selected according to the processing requirements, and the difference in function is not great.
In specific implementation, the rotation of the rotary table 21 and the color sorting groove 26 are both realized by motor driving. As shown in fig. 3, the turntable 21 is driven by a first motor 31 mounted on the frame 3, and an output end of the first motor 31 is mounted at the center of the turntable 21. As shown in fig. 3, the color sorting tank 26 on the left side is driven by a second motor 32 mounted on the frame 3, and the color sorting tank 26 on the right side is driven by a third motor 33 mounted on the frame 3. The two color sorting channels 26 are symmetrically arranged.
Furthermore, the color sorting groove 26 can roll down into the collecting basket 27 through a chute 29 provided at a lower portion thereof, and the chute 29 can perform a transition function.
Preferably, each sorting groove comprises a guide groove 200 in a semicircular pipe shape and a stop groove 201 in a hollow hemispherical shape abutting against the guide groove 200, and an opening for allowing fruit to pass through is formed on the stop groove 201 at the abutting position of the guide groove 200 and the stop groove 201. By adopting the specific mode of the classification groove provided by the invention, the classification groove can accurately enter the next working area when rotating, and the classification groove is prevented from falling outside.
Further, the end of the guide groove 200 of each color sorting groove 26 is provided with a transition arc-shaped groove 202 for facilitating the fruit to roll to the stop groove 201. The transition arc-shaped groove 202 can enable the fruit to roll into the stop groove 201 more conveniently while realizing the transition effect to avoid the fruit from rolling outside.
In the present invention, a rubber layer can be applied on the surface of each sorting groove, sliding groove 29 and other parts (including other parts contacting with the fruit), so as to further avoid damage to the rolling fruit.
The invention further provides a lifting device, which comprises a supporting plate 30 for supporting the buffering device and the classification collecting device, and a scissor type lifting frame arranged below the supporting plate 30.
As shown in fig. 4, the scissor lift is mounted on a cart 4.
When the scissor type lifting frame is used specifically, the scissor type lifting frame comprises a first frame body 34 and a second frame body 35 which are arranged in a crossed mode, and the crossed positions of the two frame bodies are respectively hinged and matched through pin shafts. The bottoms of the same ends of the first frame body 34 and the second frame body 35 are respectively hinged and matched with the upper surface of the trolley 4, the tops of the same ends of the first frame body 34 and the second frame body 35 are respectively hinged and matched with the lower surface of the supporting plate 30, the bottoms of the other ends of the first frame body 34 and the second frame body 35 are respectively hinged with a screw 36, and the tops of the other ends of the first frame body 34 and the second frame body 35 are in sliding fit with a sliding hole 43 formed below the supporting plate 30;
each screw 36 is internally matched with a lead screw 37, two ends of each lead screw 37 are rotatably supported on the upper surface of the trolley 4, the same end of each lead screw 37 extends out of a mounting point of the trolley 4 and is coaxially provided with a first bevel gear 38, each first bevel gear 38 is engaged with a second bevel gear 39, each second bevel gear 39 is coaxially provided with a third bevel gear 40, the second bevel gear 39 and the third bevel gear 40 are rotatably supported on the upper surface of the trolley 4 through shafts, the two third bevel gears 40 are engaged with a fourth bevel gear 41 rotatably supported on the upper surface of the trolley 4, and the fourth bevel gear 41 is coaxially provided with a manual rocker 42.
When the device is used on site, the device is pushed to a target area through the trolley 4, the fourth bevel gear 41 is rotated through the manual rocker 42, the two third bevel gears 40 meshed with the fourth bevel gears rotate respectively, the coaxial second bevel gear 39 is controlled to rotate, meanwhile, the first bevel gear 38 also rotates, so that the two lead screws 37 rotate, the nuts 36 on the lead screws 37 displace forwards or backwards, the tops of the first frame body 34 and the second frame body 35 slide with the sliding holes 43 formed below the supporting plate 30, and then the supporting plate 30 is adjusted to a proper height, so that the supporting and buffering device and the classifying and collecting device can be used.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.