[go: up one dir, main page]

CN110395728B - A kind of preparation method of porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium battery - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium battery Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110395728B
CN110395728B CN201910754529.5A CN201910754529A CN110395728B CN 110395728 B CN110395728 B CN 110395728B CN 201910754529 A CN201910754529 A CN 201910754529A CN 110395728 B CN110395728 B CN 110395728B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
porous carbon
negative electrode
carbon ball
electrode material
carbon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201910754529.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN110395728A (en
Inventor
陈建
彭川
刘平
廖明东
唐成玉
何宇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sichuan Ruian New Material Technology Co ltd
Original Assignee
Sichuan University of Science and Engineering
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sichuan University of Science and Engineering filed Critical Sichuan University of Science and Engineering
Priority to CN201910754529.5A priority Critical patent/CN110395728B/en
Publication of CN110395728A publication Critical patent/CN110395728A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110395728B publication Critical patent/CN110395728B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30Active carbon
    • C01B32/312Preparation
    • C01B32/318Preparation characterised by the starting materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30Active carbon
    • C01B32/312Preparation
    • C01B32/342Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
    • C01B32/348Metallic compounds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027Negative electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种锂电池用多孔碳球负极材料的制备方法,该方法通过在无催化剂和低温的条件下对碳源气体进行沉积反应得到纳米碳球,再经碱活化和强酸酸化处理,得到多孔碳球负极材料。本发明不仅增加碳球表面缺陷,有效缩短锂离子扩散迁移路径,还增加多孔碳球材料的表面官能团和比表面积,有效的缓解纳米多孔碳球在材料中成膜稳定性,有利于大电流充放电,保证负极材料适当的体积能量密度和库伦效率。本发明制备的锂离子电池用纳米多孔碳球负极材料粒径小且均匀,比表面积大,在大电流充放电机制下,首次放电比容量近1400 mAh/g,循环100次后比容量能稳定在400mAh/g以上,具有高比容量,良好的倍率性能和循环性能,具有良好的应用前景。The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium batteries. The method obtains nano carbon balls by depositing a carbon source gas under the conditions of no catalyst and low temperature, and then is activated by alkali and acidified with strong acid, The porous carbon ball negative electrode material was obtained. The invention not only increases the surface defects of the carbon ball, effectively shortens the diffusion and migration path of lithium ions, but also increases the surface functional groups and specific surface area of the porous carbon ball material, effectively relieves the film-forming stability of the nano-porous carbon ball in the material, and is conducive to high-current charging discharge to ensure proper volumetric energy density and coulombic efficiency of the negative electrode material. The nanoporous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium ion battery prepared by the invention has small and uniform particle size and large specific surface area. Under the mechanism of high current charge and discharge, the specific capacity of the first discharge is nearly 1400 mAh/g, and the specific capacity can be stable after 100 cycles. Above 400mAh/g, it has high specific capacity, good rate performance and cycle performance, and has good application prospects.

Description

Preparation method of porous carbon sphere negative electrode material for lithium battery
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a porous carbon sphere negative electrode material for a lithium battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, high open circuit voltage, good cycle performance, no memory effect, environmental protection, small self-discharge and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of mobile phones, game machines, notebook computers, electric automobiles, aerospace, new energy power grids and the like. Lithium ion batteries are also hot spots of research and development of global researchers, and a negative electrode material is one of key factors influencing the comprehensive electrochemical performance of the lithium ion batteries.
Carbon materials were the earliest commercialized negative electrode materials for lithium batteries. The carbon-based material has good conductivity and mechanical stability, the material has good cycling stability and rate performance in the charging and discharging processes of the battery, and the raw material is cheap and visible everywhere, the preparation process is simple and mature, and the de-intercalation mechanism and the reaction mechanism of lithium ions in the carbon material are well known by researchers. Carbon-based negative electrode materials can be divided into two categories: graphite and amorphous carbon. The theoretical specific capacity of the graphite is 372mAh/g, while the actual capacity of the commercial graphite cathode is close to the theoretical value, so that the improvement space is very limited, and the requirement of a high-energy-density battery is difficult to meet. The graphite itself has certain problems, such as relatively high requirements for the electrolyte. Although the demand of the amorphous carbon material on the electrolyte is not high as that of graphite, the reversible capacity of the battery is low in the first charge and discharge, and the amorphous carbon material contains more hydrogen atoms, so that the battery generates obvious voltage hysteresis phenomenon in the circulation. Therefore, the development of new anode materials with high capacity is one of the important directions in the field of lithium ion batteries.
Researchers have conducted a great deal of experimental research in response to the above problems. Mainly to carbon negative electrode material capacity low, energy density is low, and duration is not enough, requires high to the electrolyte, and phenomena such as voltage hysteresis lead to the unable problem such as play electrochemical performance of material, mainly starts from two aspects: firstly, modifying a traditional carbon negative electrode material; secondly, a novel carbon-based material is developed. Patent CN201410103033.9 discloses a Si/C composite as a negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries, the method comprising providing an active material comprising silicon, providing lignin, contacting said active material with a C precursor comprising lignin, converting the lignin to inorganic carbon at a temperature of at least 400 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere. However, the carbon obtained by the method has low graphitization degree, and when the obtained Si/C composite is used on a lithium ion battery, the cycle performance and the capacity are not ideal, and the capacity is only about 800 mAh/g. The invention patent CN201310522221.0 discloses a porous carbon microsphere, a preparation method and a lithium ion battery cathode material, wherein the porous carbon microsphere prepared by using an emulsion polymerization method simultaneously has a micropore structure, a mesopore structure and a macropore structure, when the porous carbon microsphere is used for the lithium ion battery cathode material, the macropore structure provides a channel for rapid migration for electrolyte, the mesopore structure has the same size as ions in organic electrolyte, and is beneficial to rapid adsorption and desorption of ions, and the micropore structure is beneficial to insertion of lithium ions, so that the lithium ion secondary battery has higher specific capacity and better high-rate charge and discharge performance, but the lithium ion secondary battery has fewer active sites for storing the lithium ions and smaller capacity increasing space, and therefore, the problems of the lithium ion secondary battery are that the energy density is low and the cruising ability is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a porous carbon sphere negative electrode material for a lithium battery, which solves the problems of large particle size, large irreversible capacity, low reversible capacity, low energy density, insufficient cruising ability, high requirement on electrolyte, poor wettability with an electrode, poor electrochemical performance and the like of the conventional negative electrode material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a porous carbon sphere negative electrode material for a lithium battery comprises the following steps:
1) heating a tubular furnace to 450-580 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min in an inert atmosphere, introducing a carbon source gas, and carrying out chemical vapor deposition reaction under the action of no catalyst to obtain nano carbon spheres;
thus, the carbon source gas is subjected to chemical cracking at a low temperature (450-580 ℃), and the gas does not reach the temperature of complete carbonization (cracking) and deposits, and more hydrogen-containing compounds exist in the interior and on the surface of the generated carbon spheres, so that the compounds are easy to remove in an acid environment to generate defects in the carbon material, the deposition speed is low under the condition of no catalyst and proper airflow, and the produced carbon material is the carbon spheres with small particle size and more defects.
2) Adding the nano carbon spheres obtained in the step 1) into an alkaline substance, fully mixing, then sintering under the protection of an inert atmosphere, carrying out activation treatment, cooling to room temperature, washing to be neutral, drying, then grinding, and then sieving by using a porous sieve of 300-400 meshes to obtain porous carbon spheres;
under the protective gas environment, when the environment temperature rises to the dissolving temperature of alkali, the alkaline substances on the nano carbon spheres can be decomposed into oxides and water, holes are formed on the surfaces of the nano carbon spheres, and the nano carbon spheres are activated for the first time. When the temperature is continuously raised to the decomposition temperature and the vaporization temperature of the oxide, the oxide and the carbon material generate partial oxidation-reduction reaction, and the specific surface area of the carbon material is properly increased, so that the defects of the material are increased, the lithium ion intercalation and deintercalation are accelerated, and the storage condition is increased.
3) And (3) placing the porous carbon spheres prepared in the step 2) into a strong acid solution for reaction, after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain the porous carbon sphere negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery.
On one hand, in order to remove hydrogen-containing compounds existing inside and on the surface of the carbon spheres, hole defects are formed on the surface and inside of the material through strong acid acidification, which is beneficial to the rapid desorption and storage of lithium ions; on the other hand, functional groups on the surface of the carbon material are increased, the film forming stability of the nano-porous carbon spheres in the material is effectively relieved, large-current charge and discharge are facilitated, and the appropriate volume energy density and coulombic efficiency of the negative electrode material are ensured.
Preferably, the carbon source is natural gas or acetylene.
Preferably, the basic substance is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate or ammonium carbonate.
Preferably, the flow rate of the carbon source gas is 100 to 500 mL/min.
Cracking the carbon source gas at a lower temperature, and if the flow rate of the carbon source gas is too high, discharging the gas in an uncracked state or a cracking initial state to avoid generation of a deposition material; if the flow rate of the carbon source gas is too low, the deposition amount is too large, the particle size of the particles is too large, the defects on the surface of the particles are correspondingly reduced, the rapid transmission of lithium ions is not facilitated, and the storage amount is reduced.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the carbon nanospheres to the alkaline substance is 1: 1-8.
Preferably, the sintering temperature is 600-900 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-4 h.
Preferably, the concentration of the strong acid solution is 1-6 mol, and the strong acid is one or more of nitric acid and sulfuric acid which are mixed according to any proportion.
Preferably, the reaction temperature in the step 3) is 60-90 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-3 h.
Preferably, the inert atmosphere is nitrogen or argon, and the flow rate of the inert atmosphere is 100-300 mL/min.
The invention also provides the porous carbon sphere negative electrode material for the lithium battery, which is prepared by the method.
A lithium ion battery comprises the porous carbon sphere negative electrode material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the preparation of the nano porous carbon sphere cathode material for the lithium ion battery, the uniform, stable and good-dispersibility nano carbon spheres are prepared by controlling the flow rate of a carbon source gas and setting the carbon source gas at a low temperature by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method, and the average diameter of the nano carbon spheres is 80-100 nm; secondly, the alkaline substance is used for activating the nano carbon spheres for the second time, so that the defects and the specific surface area of the nano carbon spheres are increased, and the pore diameters of the nano carbon spheres are more uniform; and finally, strong acid acidification treatment is adopted, so that hole defects are further formed on the surface and inside of the porous carbon sphere, and more oxygen-containing functional groups are formed on the surface of the nano carbon sphere. Therefore, the method not only increases the surface defects of the carbon spheres, effectively shortens the lithium ion diffusion and migration path, but also increases the surface functional groups and the specific surface area of the porous carbon sphere material, effectively relieves the film forming stability of the nano porous carbon spheres in the material, is beneficial to large-current charge and discharge, ensures the appropriate volume energy density and coulombic efficiency of the cathode material, and effectively solves the problems that the existing carbon material has low capacity, low energy density, insufficient cruising ability, high requirements on electrolyte, voltage hysteresis phenomenon and the like, so that the material cannot exert electrochemical performance and the like.
2. The nano porous carbon sphere negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery prepared by the invention has small and uniform particle size and large specific surface area, has the first discharge specific capacity of nearly 1400 mAh/g under a large-current charge-discharge mechanism, has the specific capacity of being stabilized above 400 mAh/g after being circulated for 100 times, and has high specific capacity, good rate capability and cycle performance. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in process flow, low in cost, easy for large-scale production and good in application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of a porous carbon sphere negative electrode material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a porous carbon sphere negative electrode material prepared in example 1;
fig. 3 is a specific capacity versus cycle number cycle plot of button cell as negative electrode of the porous carbon sphere negative electrode material prepared in example 1 at 200 mA/g.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The experimental procedures are not specifically described in the following examples, and are carried out in a conventional manner using reagents which are generally commercially available.
Preparation method of porous carbon sphere negative electrode material for lithium battery
Example 1
1) Heating a tubular furnace to 450 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min under the protection of argon atmosphere with the flow of 200mL/min, preserving heat for 30min, and then introducing acetylene gas with the flow of 200mL/min for cracking reaction for 1h to obtain nano carbon spheres;
2) adding an alkaline substance (the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate is 1: 3) into the nano carbon spheres obtained in the step 1), so that the mass ratio of the nano carbon spheres to the alkaline substance is 1:4, heating to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min under the protection of argon gas flow of 200mL/min, preserving heat for 30min, sintering for 4h for activation treatment, cooling to room temperature, washing to be neutral, grinding, and sieving by using a porous sieve of 300 meshes to obtain porous carbon spheres;
3) and (3) placing the porous carbon spheres prepared in the step 2) in a 2 mol/L nitric acid solution, stirring at a constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 3 hours, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain the porous carbon sphere cathode material for the lithium ion battery.
Example 2
1) Heating a tubular furnace to 550 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min under the protection of argon gas with the flow of 100mL/min, preserving heat for 40min, and then introducing acetylene gas with the flow of 100mL/min for cracking reaction for 2h to obtain carbon nanospheres;
2) adding an alkaline substance (the molar ratio of potassium hydroxide to ammonium carbonate is 1: 1) into the nano carbon spheres obtained in the step 1), enabling the mass ratio of the nano carbon spheres to the alkaline substance to be 1:5, heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min under the protection of 100mL/min inert gas flow, preserving heat for 40min, sintering for 3h, carrying out activation treatment, cooling to room temperature, washing to be neutral, grinding, and sieving by using a porous sieve of 400 meshes to obtain porous carbon spheres;
3) and (3) placing the porous carbon spheres prepared in the step 2) in 6mol/L nitric acid solution, stirring at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 2h, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain the porous carbon sphere cathode material for the lithium ion battery.
Example 3
1) Heating a tubular furnace to 580 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min under the protection of argon gas with the flow of 400mL/min, preserving heat for 30min, and then introducing acetylene gas with the flow of 400mL/min for cracking reaction for 2h to obtain carbon nanospheres;
2) adding sodium hydroxide into the nano carbon spheres obtained in the step 1) to enable the mass ratio of the nano carbon spheres to alkaline substances to be 1:8, heating to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min under the protection of 400mL/min inert gas flow, preserving heat for 30min, sintering for 1h for activation treatment, cooling to room temperature, washing to be neutral, grinding, and sieving by using a porous sieve of 300 meshes to obtain porous carbon spheres;
3) and (3) placing the porous carbon spheres prepared in the step 2) in a 5 mol/L nitric acid solution, stirring at a constant temperature of 90 ℃ for 2h, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing to neutrality, and drying to obtain the porous carbon sphere cathode material for the lithium ion battery.
Second, performance verification
1. The structure of the nanoporous carbon sphere anode material obtained in example 1 was analyzed by an X-ray diffraction analyzer, as shown in fig. 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the nano-porous carbon sphere negative electrode material prepared in example 1 provided by the present invention has a sharp diffraction peak at 2 θ =26 °, corresponds to a (002) crystal face of carbon, has a secondary strong peak at 2 θ =43 °, and corresponds to (100) of carbon, which indicates that the preparation method provided by the present invention prepares a pure-phase nano-porous carbon sphere negative electrode material.
2. The morphology of the activated precursor porous carbon sphere material obtained in example 1 was observed by using a scanning electron microscope, as shown in fig. 2.
From fig. 2, it can be seen that the precursor nanoporous carbon spheres have uniform particle size, weaker particle agglomeration phenomenon, average diameter distribution of about 80-100nm, and a few cracks appear on the surface thereof, which indicates that the more serious the etching condition of the activation degree on the surface of the material is, the more channels and defects of the material are, and theoretically, the defects and the specific surface area of the channel-promoted material are favorable for storing lithium ions, and the lithium storage capacity of the material is increased.
3. The nano-porous carbon sphere negative electrode composite material prepared in the example 1, acetylene black and a water-based binder are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8:1:1, the mixture is placed in a mortar to be ground to prepare slurry with moderate viscosity, the slurry is uniformly coated on copper foil to prepare electrode plates, the electrode plates are assembled into a CR2032 button cell in a glove box, and the electrochemical performance of the CR2032 button cell is tested.
The assembled CR2032 button cell was tested for 100 cycles at a current density of 200mA/g, and the results are shown in fig. 3.
As can be seen from fig. 3, after 100 cycles, the nano-porous carbon sphere negative electrode composite material has more stable specific capacity of the rest cycles except for the serious first cycle attenuation, the initial capacity is maintained at about 1357mAh/g, and the initial capacity is maintained at about 480mAh/g after 100 cycles; the better cycle performance is attributed to the higher specific surface area and the sufficient functional group to relieve the film forming stability of the nano-porous carbon spheres in the material, and the electrochemical activity of the material is also greatly improved.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种锂电池用多孔碳球负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1. a preparation method of porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium battery, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 1)将管式炉在200mL/min流量的氩气气氛保护下,按照5℃/min升温速率升温至450℃,保温30min后,然后通入200mL/min流量的乙炔气体裂解反应1h,得到纳米碳球;1) Under the protection of an argon gas atmosphere with a flow rate of 200mL/min, the tube furnace was heated to 450°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min, kept for 30 minutes, and then passed through the acetylene gas with a flow rate of 200mL/min for 1 hour. carbon ball; 2)向步骤1)得到的纳米碳球中加入碱性物质,所述碱性物质由氢氧化钠和碳酸钠按摩尔比为1:3组成,使纳米碳球与碱性物质的质量比为1:4,然后在200 mL/min氩气气体流量保护下,按照5℃/min升温速率升温至900 ℃下保温30 min后烧结4 h进行活化处理,冷却至室温,洗涤至中性,研磨后用多孔筛300目过筛后得到多孔碳球;2) Add an alkaline substance to the carbon nanospheres obtained in step 1). The alkaline substance is composed of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in a molar ratio of 1:3, so that the mass ratio of the carbon nanospheres to the alkaline substance is 1:4, then under the protection of argon gas flow rate of 200 mL/min, the temperature was raised to 900 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C/min for 30 min, followed by sintering for 4 h for activation treatment, cooled to room temperature, washed to neutrality, and ground. After sieving with a porous sieve of 300 meshes, porous carbon balls are obtained; 3)将步骤2)制备的多孔碳球置于2 mol/L硝酸溶液中,于60℃下恒温搅拌3h,反应结束后,进行抽滤、洗涤至中性、干燥,即得到锂离子电池用多孔碳球负极材料。3) The porous carbon spheres prepared in step 2) were placed in a 2 mol/L nitric acid solution, and stirred at a constant temperature of 60 °C for 3 hours. After the reaction was completed, suction filtration, washing to neutrality, and drying were performed to obtain lithium ion batteries. Porous carbon ball anode material. 2.一种锂电池用多孔碳球负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:2. a preparation method of porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium battery, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 1)将管式炉在100mL/min流量的氩气气体保护下,按照5℃/min升温速率升温至550℃,保温40min后,然后通入100mL/min流量的乙炔气体裂解反应2h,得到纳米碳球;1) Under the protection of argon gas with a flow rate of 100mL/min, the tube furnace was heated to 550°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min, and after holding for 40 minutes, then acetylene gas with a flow rate of 100mL/min was passed into the cracking reaction for 2 hours to obtain nanometers. carbon ball; 2)向步骤1)得到的纳米碳球中加入碱性物质,所述碱性物质为氢氧化钾和碳酸铵按摩尔比为1:1配制而成,使纳米碳球与碱性物质的质量比为1:5,然后在100 mL/min惰性气体流量保护下,按照5℃/min升温速率升温至800 ℃下保温40 min后烧结3 h进行活化处理,冷却至室温,洗涤至中性,研磨后用多孔筛400目过筛后得到多孔碳球;2) Add an alkaline substance to the carbon nanospheres obtained in step 1). The alkaline substance is prepared from potassium hydroxide and ammonium carbonate in a molar ratio of 1:1, so that the quality of the carbon nanospheres and the alkaline substance is 1:1. The ratio was 1:5, then under the protection of 100 mL/min inert gas flow rate, the temperature was raised to 800 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C/min, held for 40 min, sintered for 3 h for activation, cooled to room temperature, and washed to neutrality. After grinding, the porous carbon balls are obtained after sieving with a porous sieve of 400 meshes; 3)将步骤2)制备的多孔碳球置于6mol/L硝酸溶液中,于80℃下恒温搅拌2h,反应结束后,进行抽滤、洗涤至中性、干燥,即得到锂离子电池用多孔碳球负极材料。3) The porous carbon spheres prepared in step 2) were placed in a 6 mol/L nitric acid solution, and stirred at a constant temperature of 80 °C for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, suction filtration, washing to neutrality, and drying were performed to obtain porous carbon for lithium ion batteries. Carbon ball anode material. 3.采用权利要求1~2任一项方法制备的锂电池用多孔碳球负极材料。3. The porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium batteries prepared by any one of the methods of claims 1 to 2. 4.一种锂离子电池,包含权利要求3所述多孔碳球负极材料。4. A lithium ion battery, comprising the porous carbon ball negative electrode material of claim 3.
CN201910754529.5A 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 A kind of preparation method of porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium battery Active CN110395728B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910754529.5A CN110395728B (en) 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 A kind of preparation method of porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910754529.5A CN110395728B (en) 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 A kind of preparation method of porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium battery

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110395728A CN110395728A (en) 2019-11-01
CN110395728B true CN110395728B (en) 2021-10-22

Family

ID=68328546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201910754529.5A Active CN110395728B (en) 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 A kind of preparation method of porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN110395728B (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109553079A (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-04-02 北京君研碳极科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of porous carbon materials
CN112086642B (en) * 2020-08-19 2022-03-11 广东工业大学 A kind of graphitized carbon-coated porous carbon ball with high specific surface area and its preparation method and application
CN112038614B (en) * 2020-09-22 2022-04-08 四川轻化工大学 A kind of negative electrode material for sodium ion battery and preparation method thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1985340A (en) * 2004-07-09 2007-06-20 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Active carbon for electric double layer capacitor, active carbon electrode for electric double layer capacitor, and electric double layer capacitor therewith
CN104609392A (en) * 2015-01-23 2015-05-13 贵州大学 Method for directly growing carbon nano spirals or carbon nanospheres on surface of alumina substrate

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1985340A (en) * 2004-07-09 2007-06-20 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Active carbon for electric double layer capacitor, active carbon electrode for electric double layer capacitor, and electric double layer capacitor therewith
CN104609392A (en) * 2015-01-23 2015-05-13 贵州大学 Method for directly growing carbon nano spirals or carbon nanospheres on surface of alumina substrate

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Non-catalytic CVD preparation of carbon spheres with a specific size;Hai-sheng Qian et al.;《Carbon》;20041231;第42卷;第761-762页"摘要"和"2实验" *
煤基球形多孔碳用于锂离子电池负极材料的性能研究;李君等;《无机材料学报》;20170930;第32卷(第9期);第910页左栏第1-2段和"1 实验方法"、第914-915页"3 结论" *
硝酸改性活性炭电极材料的电化学性能研究;朱杨军等;《复旦学报(自然科学版)》;20140228;第53卷(第1期);第93页"摘要"、第94页"1.2 活性炭改性与表征"和第98页第2段 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110395728A (en) 2019-11-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110993949B (en) Cathode material with multiple coating structures, preparation method and application thereof
CN102790217B (en) Carbon cladded ferriferrous oxide negative electrode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
CN106099113B (en) A kind of core-shell structure silicon carbon composite material and preparation method thereof
CN111082006B (en) Silicon monoxide composite negative electrode material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
CN112133896B (en) High-capacity graphite-silicon oxide composite material and preparation method and application thereof
WO2022193286A1 (en) Negative electrode material and preparation method therefor, electrochemical device and electronic device
CN110395728B (en) A kind of preparation method of porous carbon ball negative electrode material for lithium battery
CN108682813A (en) A kind of preparation method and application of Si-C composite material
CN110416503A (en) A kind of soft carbon-coated sodium titanium phosphate mesoporous composite material and its preparation method and application
WO2024031867A1 (en) Nitrogen-doped graphene-coated silicon-carbon composite material, and preparation method therefor and use thereof
CN110429282B (en) Novel nano carbon sphere negative electrode material for lithium ion battery
CN112599743A (en) Carbon-coated nickel cobaltate multi-dimensional assembled microsphere negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN113422009B (en) Lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113292065B (en) Large-interlayer-spacing monodisperse nano hard carbon material, and synthesis method and application thereof
CN105826535B (en) Three-dimensional porous carbon loads Na2Ge4O9Compound and preparation method thereof
CN115566169A (en) Silica composite material, negative pole piece, lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
CN115520873B (en) A kind of modification preparation method of acicular coke-based silicon carbon electrode material
CN112652739A (en) Silicon-carbon composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN114300663B (en) Potassium ion secondary battery anode material and preparation method thereof, anode sheet and potassium ion secondary battery
CN117293316B (en) Silicon-carbon particles and preparation method thereof, silicon-carbon composite material and preparation method thereof
CN111392766B (en) Method for preparing nano lithium titanate/graphene porous composite electrode material
CN117954603A (en) Soft carbon-coated hard carbon negative electrode material with pinning structure, preparation method and application
CN118754099A (en) A method for preparing high-initial-efficiency nano-block sodium-ion battery negative electrode biomass hard carbon
CN117800318A (en) Preparation method and application of gradient sub-nanometer pore structure hard carbon material
CN118299531A (en) Modified sodium supplementing nano carbon negative electrode material, preparation method thereof and sodium ion battery

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20230105

Address after: No. 11, Chuangye Avenue, Economic Development Zone, Lushan County, Ya'an City, Sichuan Province, 625600

Patentee after: Sichuan Ruian New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: No. 519, Huixing Road, Ziliujing District, Zigong City, Sichuan Province

Patentee before: Sichuan University of Science & Engineering

TR01 Transfer of patent right