CN110393576A - A surgical knife for thoracic surgery - Google Patents

Abstract

A scalpel for thoracic surgery, including a scalpel body, a lithium battery, a power switch, a charging socket, a camera, a light-emitting diode, and a scalpel fixing cylinder, a plastic isolation shell, and a light control circuit. The scalpel fixing cylinder includes a cylinder body, The barrel cover, the back cover, the lithium battery, the power switch, the charging socket, the camera, the light-emitting diode, and the light control circuit are installed in the barrel and connected by wires. The barrel cover and the back cover are respectively installed at the left and right ends of the barrel, and the surgical blade The main body is installed on the left end of the barrel cover, and the plastic isolation shell is installed on the outside of the fixed barrel of the scalpel. The invention can provide better lighting without dead angle for the operation process, and the camera can record every operation point in the operation without dead angle, and the follow-up surgeons, management departments and patients can effectively grasp the video information stored in the micro camera. The surgical process of the surgical site brings convenience to the surgeon, and can also provide more technical support to the management department and patient inquiries.

Description

A surgical knife for thoracic surgery

technical field

The invention relates to the field of surgical tools, in particular to a scalpel for thoracic surgery.

Background technique

Including thoracic surgery, various scalpels with different shapes and functions are indispensable tools. Existing surgical knives only have the function of cutting the affected part, and have the disadvantage of single function. In the actual operation of surgery, although the surgical shadowless lamp can provide lighting, and the surgical coordinators can also provide lighting when necessary, but due to the operator's surgical angle and the location of the patient's surgical site, it is not possible to effectively ensure the effective lighting of the surgical site. (e.g. inside the abdominal cavity at the surgical site).

The existence of doctor-patient disputes in clinical medicine has exacerbated the distrust between doctors and patients, which is not conducive to improving the enthusiasm of doctors for medical treatment; the doctor-patient disputes caused by surgery are mainly manifested by patients and their families doubting the skills of surgeons and their suspicion of surgeons. Whether the surgical method is reasonably doubtful (for example, surgery was performed on a site that should not be operated). In reality, after the surgeon completes the operation, the management department will check the operation process as needed, and the surgeon himself also needs to review the video of the operation process and make a summary. In the prior art, the whole video recording of the operation process is carried out through the camera equipment in the operating room. The camera equipment is at a fixed angle and cannot record the details of the entire operation without dead ends. Video viewing cannot effectively provide video information without dead ends throughout the whole process, which has brought certain restrictions on the integrity of video information query; and when patients or family members question the operation process, it is not easy for patients and family members to ask questions due to incomplete video information. The questioning has been reasonably explained, so it cannot effectively reduce doctor-patient disputes.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing scalpels used in thoracic surgery, which have single functions and cannot provide more functions for surgeons, as well as the limitations of existing surgical lighting and video recording, the present invention provides a surgical knife that can be easily replaced. The blade body has a miniature camera and a lighting lamp inside the fixed barrel of the scalpel, and is equipped with a replaceable plastic isolation shell on the outside of the fixed barrel of the scalpel, which ensures the cleanliness of the operation. Turn off the lighting to provide better lighting without dead angle for the operation process. The micro camera can be close to the surgical site during the whole operation process, and can record every operation point in the operation without dead angle. Follow-up surgeons, management departments and patients When the video of the existing operating room cannot be obtained from the effective video of the surgical site, the video information stored in the micro-camera can be used to effectively grasp the surgical process of the surgical site, which brings convenience to the operator and also improves the management. It is a scalpel for thoracic surgery that provides more technical support for departments and patients to query surgical video information.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A scalpel for thoracic surgery, including a scalpel body, a lithium battery, a power switch, a charging socket, a camera, and a light-emitting diode, is characterized in that it also has a scalpel fixing cylinder, a plastic isolation shell, a light control circuit, and the right side of the scalpel body There is an external threaded rod in the middle of the side end. The upper and lower parts of the right side of the surgical blade body have limit rods. The external threaded rod is equipped with a manual lock nut. The scalpel fixing cylinder includes a cylinder, a cylinder cover, a rear cover, and a ring cylinder. There are multiple openings on the left side of the cover, and the middle part of the cylinder cover has multiple openings from top to bottom. The camera and light control circuit are installed on the left side of the left circuit board, and multiple support plates are installed on the left side of the left circuit board. , a plurality of light-emitting diodes and split-type cameras of the camera are installed on the left part of the support boards respectively, the left end of the lithium battery is installed on the right side of the left circuit board, the right end of the lithium battery is installed on the left side of the right circuit board, and the two circuit boards Fixedly installed inside the barrel, the power switch, the USB video output socket of the camera, and the charging socket are installed on the right side of the circular circuit board, the barrel cover and the rear cover are respectively installed at the left and right ends of the barrel, and the scalpel body is installed on the barrel At the left end of the body cover, the plastic isolation shell is installed outside the fixed barrel of the scalpel. The two poles of the lithium battery and the two terminals of the charging socket are respectively connected by wires. The control circuit and the positive power supply input terminals of multiple light-emitting diodes are connected by wires, the negative poles of the lithium battery and the light control circuit, and the negative power supply input terminals of the camera are connected by wires, the negative power supply output terminals of the light control circuit and the negative power supply input terminals of multiple light-emitting diodes are connected by wires. Connected by wire.

The externally threaded rod at the middle part of the right side of each surgical blade body, and the upper and lower limit rods at the right side are respectively inserted into a plurality of openings from top to bottom in the middle of the cylinder cover, and the manual nut is screwed into the externally threaded rod.

The plastic isolation shell includes an upper cover, a connecting cylinder, and a lower cover. The upper cover is set on the outside of the cylinder cover of the scalpel fixed cylinder, and the connecting cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder and the rear cover of the scalpel fixed cylinder. The upper cover and the The lower cover is respectively mounted on the left and right ends of the connecting cylinder, and the right outer end of the surgical blade body is located in the opening in the middle of the upper cover.

The upper cover, connecting cylinder and lower cover of the plastic isolation shell are made of transparent plastic.

The cylinder cover of the scalpel fixing cylinder is installed on the left side of the cylinder body, and the light-emitting surfaces of the multiple light-emitting diodes and the camera heads of the cameras are respectively located at the right rear side of the multiple openings at the left end of the ring cylinder body cover, and are respectively connected with multiple Access to the rear right side of the opening.

The light control circuit includes a photoresistor, an NPN triode, a resistor and a diode, which are connected through circuit board wiring, the base of the first NPN triode is connected to one end of the photoresistor, the other end of the photoresistor is connected to one end of the first resistor, the first end of the first resistor The anode of the diode is connected, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the second diode is connected to the anode of the third diode, the cathode of the third diode is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the collector of the first NPN transistor Connect with the other end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, connect the other end of the second resistor with the base of the second NPN transistor, and connect the emitters of the two NPN transistors.

The positive and negative poles of the plurality of light emitting diodes are respectively connected in parallel through wires.

There is an opening at the upper left part of the cylinder body of the scalpel fixing cylinder, and the light-receiving surface of the photoresistor of the light control circuit is located at the lower end of the opening.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can be used as a main surgical knife, combined with other common surgical knives with various shapes and functions, and can also install surgical blade bodies with various shapes and functions in multiple sets of notebooks as required. Invented the left side of the cylinder cover of the scalpel fixed cylinder for use. In the use of the present invention, the plastic isolation shell can be used as a disposable material, and can also be used for multiple disinfections. Due to the isolation effect of the plastic isolation shell, the cleanliness of the operation is guaranteed. The blade body and the plastic isolation shell of the present invention are disinfected with disinfectant Then the surgical procedure can be performed. During the operation, if the surgeon feels that the operating room cannot meet the lighting at some angles during the operation, he does not need to manually operate the power switch. Only the light-emitting diodes will be electroluminescent at the same time, providing better lighting without dead ends for the surgical process. The micro-camera can be close to the surgical site during the entire operation, and can record every surgical point in the operation without dead angle. When the follow-up surgeons, management departments, and patients cannot obtain effective surgical site videos by viewing the video in the operating room, they can use the Accessing the video information stored in the micro-camera can effectively grasp the operation process of the operation site, which brings convenience to the operator, and can also provide more technical support for the management department and patients to query the operation video information. Based on the above, the present invention has good application prospects.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view of the scalpel fixing cylinder and the surgical blade body of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plastic isolation case of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3, a kind of scalpel for thoracic surgery, comprises scalpel body 1 with various shapes and various functions, lithium accumulator 2, power switch 3, charging socket 4, miniature with split camera Video camera 5, light-emitting diode 6, also have scalpel fixed cylinder 7, plastic isolation shell 8, light control circuit 9, there is an externally threaded rod 101 in the middle part of the right side end of scalpel body 1, the right side end of scalpel body 1 up and down The two parts respectively have a limit rod 102, and the externally threaded rod 101 is equipped with a manual locking nut 103. The scalpel fixed cylinder 7 includes a cylinder 71, a cylinder cover 72, a cylinder cover 72, and a hollow structure with external threads on the outside of the left and right ends. Rear cover 73, cylinder body cover 71, the inner side of rear cover 73 have internal thread (the outer end is a closed structure), the left end of ring cylinder body cover 72 has four openings 72-1, the middle part of cylinder body cover 72 There are three openings 72-2 from top to bottom, the micro camera 5 and the light control circuit 9 are installed on the left side of the left circular circuit board 10, and the left side of the left circular circuit board 10 is welded with four "└" support plates 10-1, the middle part of the left end of the support plate 10-1 has an opening, the outside of the middle part of the three light-emitting diodes 6, and the outside of the middle part of the split camera 51 of the miniature camera are respectively glued to the middle of the left part of the four support plates 10-1 Inside the opening, the left end of the lithium battery 2 is welded to the right side of the left circuit board 10, the right end of the lithium battery 2 is welded to the left side of the right circular circuit board 11, and the two circuit boards 10 and 11 are horizontally fixed and installed on the barrel from left to right. Inside the body 71, the power switch 3, the USB video output socket 53 of the miniature camera, and the charging socket 4 are welded and installed on the right side of the right circular circuit board 11, and the cylinder cover 72 and the rear cover 73 are respectively installed on the cylinder body through internal internal threads. 71 left and right ends, scalpel body 1 is installed on the left end of cylinder cover 72, and plastic isolation shell 8 is installed on scalpel fixed cylinder 7 outsides.

Shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3, when each surgical blade body 1 is installed on the left end of cylinder cover 72, the external thread rod 101 in the middle part of the right side end of each surgical blade body, the upper and lower two limit rods of the right side end 102, respectively inserted into three openings 72-2 from top to bottom in the middle part of the cylinder cover, screw the external thread of the external thread rod 101 through the manual nut 103 through the right end of the cylinder cover 72, and put each surgical blade body 1 They are fixedly installed on the left side of the cylinder cover 72 respectively. The external thread rod 101 in the middle part of the right side of each surgical blade body, the upper and lower two limit rods 102 of the right side, and the middle part of the cylinder cover are just in contact with the three openings 72-2 from top to bottom, which can play a good role. The surgical blade body 1 is fixed. The plastic isolation case 8 includes a top cover 81 with an opening 12 distributed from top to bottom in the middle of the left end, a hollow structure inside, a connecting cylinder 82 with external threads on both sides, a bottom cover 83, and the top cover 81 and the bottom cover 83. The inner ends all have internal threads (the outer end is a closed structure), and when the plastic isolation shell 8 is installed on the outside of the scalpel fixing cylinder, the upper cover 81 is set on the left side of the cylinder cover 72 of the scalpel fixing cylinder, and 82 sets of connecting cylinders are connected. Outside the cylinder body 71 and the rear cover 73 of the scalpel fixed cylinder, the loam cake 81 and the lower cover 83 are fixedly installed on the left and right ends of the connecting cylinder 82 by threads respectively. After the plastic isolation shell 8 is installed on the outside of the scalpel fixed cylinder 7, The right outer end of the surgical blade body 1 is located in the opening in the middle of the upper cover 81 , and the right outer end of the surgical blade body 1 is in tight contact with the opening 81 . The upper cover 81, the connecting cylinder 82, and the lower cover 83 of the plastic isolation shell are made of transparent medical grade plastic (thickness is only 1.5mm), and the upper cover 81, the connecting cylinder 82, the lower cover 83 of the plastic isolation shell are fixed with the scalpel The cylinder body cover 72, the cylinder body 71, and the outer sides of the rear cover 73 of the cylinder are respectively in a tight fit state. The cylinder cover 72 of the scalpel fixed cylinder is installed on the cylinder body 71 left side, and after its internal thread rotates to the dead point along the cylinder body 71 external thread, the light-emitting surfaces of the three light-emitting diodes 6 and the camera head 51 of the miniature camera are positioned at the ring respectively. The four openings 72-1 right rear side of the left end of the cylinder cover (the front end of the camera 51 is located at the right rear side of the lower opening of the left end), and are just close to the four openings 72-1 right rear side respectively (spaced 0.5mm, the size of the four openings is slightly larger than the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting diode and the outer diameter of the camera head 51 of the miniature camera), the number of openings 72-1 at the left side of the ring cylinder cover and the number of the light-emitting diode 6 plus the camera head 51 unanimous. The fixed cylinder 7 of scalpel is all made of stainless steel, and there is an opening at the left part of the cylinder 71 upper end of the fixed cylinder 7 of scalpel, and the photoresistor 41 light-receiving surface of the light control circuit is positioned at the lower end of the aperture.

As shown in Figure 4, the lithium battery G model is 6V/1Ah, the power switch SK is a toggle power switch, the charging socket CZ is a coaxial power socket, and the miniature camera A1 with a split camera is a miniature camera of the brand JOZUZE and model D30 , the camera SX and the host are connected by a flexible cable, the diameter of the camera SX is only 0.9cm, and the length, width, and height of the host are only 5.5cm, 2.5cm, and 1.3cm respectively. After the power is turned on, it will enter the camera mode. The larger the capacity of the memory card, the longer the video recording time. The light control circuit includes photoresistor RL, NPN transistors Q1, Q2, resistors R1, R2 and diodes VD1, VD2, VD3, VD4, which are connected through circuit board wiring, and the base of the first NPN transistor Q1 is connected to one end of photoresistor RL. The other end of photoresistor RL is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the anode of the first diode VD1, the cathode of the first diode VD1 is connected to the anode of the second diode VD2, and the cathode of the second diode VD2 is connected to the anode of the third diode VD3 , the cathode of the third diode VD3 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode VD4, the collector of the first NPN transistor Q1 is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1, and one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first The bases of the two NPN transistors Q2 are connected, and the emitters of the two NPN transistors Q1 and Q2 are connected. The positive and negative poles of the three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, and VL3 are respectively connected in parallel through wires. The two poles of the lithium battery G and the two terminals of the charging socket CZ are respectively connected by wires (when the lithium battery G is out of power, the charging plug of the external power charger can be inserted into the charging socket CZ to charge the lithium battery G); the positive pole of the lithium battery G and One end of the power switch SK is connected by a wire; the other end of the power switch SK is connected to the positive power input terminal VCC of the miniature camera A1, one end of the resistor R1 of the positive power input terminal of the light control circuit, and the positive power input terminals of three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, and VL3 are connected by wires (Three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, VL3 positive power supply input terminals are actually connected to the other end of the power switch SK through diodes VD1, VD2, VD3, VD4); lithium battery G negative pole and light control circuit negative power supply input terminal NPN transistor Q1 The negative power supply input terminal GND of the miniature camera A1 is connected through a wire; the negative power supply output terminal NPN transistor Q2 collector of the light control circuit is connected with the negative power supply input terminals of three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, and VL3 through a wire.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, turn on the power switch 3 before use, then install the rear cover 73 of the scalpel fixing cylinder, and then install the scalpel body 1 and the plastic isolation shell 8 in place to enter the next step Disinfectant disinfection process. The present invention can be used as a main surgical knife, combined with other common surgical knives with various shapes and functions, and can also install surgical blade bodies 1 with various shapes and functions on multiple sets of surgical knife fixing cylinders of the present invention as required. The cylinder cover 72 left outer side is used. In the use of the present invention, the plastic isolation shell 8 can be used as a disposable material, and can also be used for multiple disinfections. Due to the isolation effect of the plastic isolation shell 8, the cleanliness requirements of the operation are guaranteed. The surgical blade body 1 of the present invention is isolated from the plastic The operation can be performed after the shell 8 disinfectant solution is sterilized. When the present invention is not in use at ordinary times, if the storage battery 2 has no electricity, the charging plug of the external 6V power supply charger can be inserted in the charging socket 4 to charge the storage battery 2, which ensures the electricity consumption. During the operation of the surgeon of the present invention, if the operating room cannot meet the illumination at some angles during the operation, and there is no need to manually operate the power switch, when the hand moves slightly forward along the cylinder 71 to cover the light-receiving surface of the photoresistor 91 of the light control circuit, Therefore, under the action of the light control circuit 9, the three light emitting diodes 6 will be electroluminescent at the same time, which provides better illumination without dead angle for the operation process. After the power switch 3 of the present invention is turned on, the front end of the camera 51 of the miniature camera 5 can be close to the position of the surgical site in the whole operation process because it is located at the right rear side of the lower part of the left end of the cylinder cover 72, and can monitor each operation point in the operation. Video recording without dead ends, when the follow-up surgeons, management departments, and patients cannot obtain effective video of the surgical site after viewing the video in the operating room, they can effectively grasp the surgical process of the surgical site by viewing the video information stored in the micro-camera 5, thereby giving The operator brings convenience, and can also provide more technical support for the management department and patients to query surgical video information. When specifically needing to read the video, open the lower cover 83 of the plastic isolation shell 8, the back cover 73 of the fixed cylinder, then insert one end of the USB video data cable in the USB video output socket 53 of the miniature camera, and insert the other end into a PC or In the USB socket of the mobile phone etc., just can read the video information stored in the memory card in the miniature camera through the screen of the mobile phone or PC (when the capacity of the memory card is large enough, video information of dozens of hours can be provided).

As shown in Figure 4, after the power switch SK is turned on, the light control circuit is energized to work. During the operation, when the light-emitting diode is not needed for lighting, the surgeon's hand does not cover the opening at the upper left of the cylinder, so the photoresistor RL When the light-receiving surface is illuminated, its resistance value becomes very low at about 100K. The base of NPN transistor Q1 passes through the photoresistor RL and the voltage obtained from the positive electrode of battery G is higher than 0.7V. Therefore, NPN transistor Q1 turns on its collector output The low level enters the base of the NPN transistor Q2 through the resistor R2, and the base of the NPN transistor Q2 is in a cut-off state without a suitable forward bias voltage, and its collector has no power output, and the subsequent light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, and VL3 will not be electroluminescent. . During the operation, when light-emitting diode lighting is needed, the surgeon’s hand faces forward to cover the upper left opening of the cylinder, so the resistance value of the photoresistor RL becomes very large when there is no light on the light-receiving surface, and the basic value of the NPN transistor Q1 is The pole passes through the photosensitive resistor RL, and the voltage obtained from the positive pole of the battery G is lower than its initial voltage of 0.7V, so the NPN transistor Q1 cuts off its collector without any level and enters the base of the NPN transistor Q2, and the base of the NPN transistor Q2 passes through the resistor R2 and R1 (step-down) get the appropriate forward bias voltage (higher than 0.7V) from the positive pole of the battery G and then conduct, the NPN triode Q2 collector outputs a low level and enters the three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, VL3 negative power input terminals , because the three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, VL3 are connected in parallel to the anode power supply input terminals, and are connected to the positive pole of the battery G through four diodes VD1, VD2, VD3, VD4, so at this moment, the three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, VL3 will be simultaneously Electroluminescence provides additional lighting for surgery, ensuring no dead angle lighting during surgery (diodes VD1, VD2, VD3, VD4 each have a voltage drop of about 0.7V, and NPN transistor Q2 also has a voltage drop of about 0.7V, which ensures that the 6V power supply enters Three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, VL3 are at about 2.2V, which prevents the light-emitting diodes from being damaged due to excessive voltage). After the operator leaves the upper end of the photoresistor RL again, its resistance value becomes smaller, the subsequent NPN transistor Q1 is turned on, and the three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, and VL3 stop emitting light again, achieving the purpose of automatic control. After the power switch SK is turned on, the miniature camera A1 is powered on. Since the front end of the camera SX is located at the right rear side of the opening at the lower part of the left end of the cylinder cover, it can be close to the surgical site during the entire operation, and can monitor each operation during the operation. No dead angle video recording at the operation site can effectively grasp the operation process of the operation site, which brings convenience to the operator, and can also provide more technical support for the management department and patients to query the operation video information; when it is necessary to view the video Insert one end of the USB video data cable into the USB video output socket of the miniature camera A1, and insert the other end into the USB socket of the PC or mobile phone, etc., to read the video information stored in the memory card of the miniature camera A1.

In Figure 4, the model of the photoresistor is MD45; the models of the diodes VD1, VD2, VD3 and VD4 are 1N4007; the models of the NPN transistors Q1 and Q2 are 9014 and 9013 respectively; the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R2 are 20K and 470K respectively. Three light emitting diodes VL1, VL2, VL3 are yellow light emitting diodes.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. In some cases, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. A scalpel for thoracic surgery, comprising a scalpel body, a lithium battery, a power switch, a charging socket, a video camera, and a light-emitting diode, is characterized in that it also has a scalpel fixed barrel, a plastic isolation shell, a light control circuit, and a scalpel body There is an externally threaded rod in the middle of the right side of the scalpel body. The upper and lower parts of the right side of the scalpel body have limit rods. The externally threaded rod is equipped with a manual lock nut. There are multiple openings on the left side of the cylinder cover, and there are multiple openings in the middle of the cylinder cover from top to bottom. The camera and light control circuit are installed on the left side of the left circuit board, and multiple The support plate, multiple light-emitting diodes, and the split camera of the camera are respectively installed on the left part of the multiple support plates, the left end of the lithium battery is installed on the right side of the left circuit board, the right end of the lithium battery is installed on the left side of the right circuit board, two The circuit board is fixedly installed inside the barrel, the power switch, the USB video output socket of the camera, and the charging socket are installed on the right side of the circular circuit board, the barrel cover and the rear cover are respectively installed at the left and right ends of the barrel, and the scalpel body is installed At the left end of the barrel cover, the plastic isolation shell is installed outside the fixed barrel of the scalpel. The two poles of the lithium battery and the two terminals of the charging socket are respectively connected by wires. , light control circuit, multiple light-emitting diode positive power supply input terminals are connected by wires, lithium battery negative poles and light control circuit, camera negative power supply input terminals are connected by wires, light control circuit negative power supply output terminals and multiple light-emitting diode negative power supply The input terminals are connected by wires. 2. A kind of scalpel for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, the externally threaded rod in the middle of the right end of each surgical blade body, and the upper and lower limit rods at the right end are respectively inserted into the cylinder cover In the middle part, there are multiple openings from top to bottom, and the manual nut is screwed into the external threaded rod. 3. A kind of scalpel for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, the plastic isolation shell comprises a loam cake, a connecting cylinder, and a lower cover, and the loam cake is sleeved on the outside of the barrel cover of the scalpel fixed cylinder, and is connected The cylinder body is enclosed within the cylinder body and the outside of the rear cover of the scalpel fixed cylinder, and the upper cover and the lower cover are respectively installed at the left and right ends of the connecting cylinder body, and the right side outer end of the scalpel body is located in the opening in the middle part of the upper cover. 4. A scalpel for thoracic surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper cover, the connecting cylinder and the lower cover of the plastic isolation shell are made of transparent plastic. 5. A kind of scalpel for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cylinder cover of the scalpel fixed cylinder is installed on the left side of the cylinder body, and the light-emitting surfaces of a plurality of light-emitting diodes and the camera head of the video camera are respectively located in the ring. The left end of the cylinder cover has a plurality of openings on the right rear side, and is respectively close to the right rear side of the plurality of openings. 6. A kind of thoracic surgery scalpel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, light control circuit comprises photoresistor, NPN triode, resistance and diode, connects through circuit board wiring therebetween, first NPN triode base and One end of the photoresistor is connected, the other end of the photoresistor is connected to one end of the first resistor and the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the second diode is connected to the anode of the third diode, and the anode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the third diode. The cathodes of the three diodes are connected to the anodes of the fourth diode, the collector of the first NPN transistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the second NPN transistor. The emitters of the two NPN transistors are connected. 7. A scalpel for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that the positive and negative poles of a plurality of light emitting diodes are respectively connected in parallel through wires. 8. A scalpel for thoracic surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that there is an opening at the upper left part of the cylinder body of the scalpel fixing cylinder, and the light-receiving surface of the photoresistor of the light control circuit is located at the lower end of the opening.