CN110391894B - Receiver of synchronous system, synchronous system and particle accelerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a receiving end of a synchronization system, a synchronization system and a particle accelerator. The receiving end of the synchronization system includes: a synchronization terminal, which is arranged between the transmitting end for sending the reference signal and the phase processing device, including the transmitting end phase change obtaining device and the receiving end phase changing obtaining device; the phase processing device is arranged in the synchronization Between the terminal and the load, wherein the phase change obtaining device at the transmitting end obtains the phase change of the reference signal transmitted from the sending end to the synchronization terminal and transmits it to the phase processing device; the phase change obtaining device at the receiving end switches the reference signal and the feedback from the load according to the time sequence The signal is turned on to the phase processing device, so that the phase processing device obtains the phase of the driving signal to be sent to the load based on the phase difference at the receiving end of the reference signal and the feedback signal and the phase change of the reference signal. Therefore, the present invention can improve the phase locking precision of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and improve the precision of the synchronization system.

Description

Receiver of synchronous system, synchronous system and particle accelerator

technical field

The present invention relates to synchronization technology, in particular to a receiving end of a synchronization system, a synchronization system and a particle accelerator.

Background technique

Today's large-scale particle accelerators require the synchronous system to be on the sub-picosecond scale, that is, two points in physical space that are hundreds of meters or even a few kilometers apart are required to start an operation at the same time within a time difference of sub-picosecond absolute time. , while it is known that light travels one meter in about 3.3 nanoseconds, or about 3333 picoseconds.

Generally, the method for realizing sub-picosecond synchronization is to divide a microwave radio frequency signal as a reference signal into two or more channels at the transmitting end, so as to transmit them to two or more receiving ends respectively. Then, the phase-locking technology is used, so that the microwave signal recovered by each receiving end is phase-locked with the reference signal sent by the transmitting end (a fixed phase difference is maintained). For example, if a 3 GHz microwave signal is used as the reference signal, the reference signal is transmitted from the transmitting end to each receiving end. At this time, the period of the 3GHz reference signal is 333 picoseconds. If the phase-locking accuracy is 1 degree, the synchronization accuracy of a single receiver is 333/360≈0.925 picoseconds.

The existing phase-locking technology is usually divided into two parts, as shown in Figure 1 (each signal waveform example in the figure is given by simulation according to time). The first part is the synchronization terminal, which is responsible for detecting the time change of the reference signal on the transmission path from the sender to the synchronization terminal. The second part is a phase processing device consisting of, for example, a phase detector, a calculation unit and a synthesizer. Wherein, the calculation unit in the second part performs phase compensation according to the time-varying amount of the reference signal measured in the first part on the above-mentioned transmission path, so that the phase of the driving signal output by the synthesizer can be set to adjust the input to the The phase of the feedback signal of the terminal is synchronized so that the difference between the phase of the feedback signal and the reference signal of the transmitting end is fixed.

Specifically, the prior art shown in FIG. 1 can be summarized as follows.

1. The transmitting end transmits the reference signal to the synchronization terminal of the receiving end, and the transmission medium may be, for example, an optical fiber or a coaxial cable.

2. The following operations can be performed on the synchronization terminal.

a) Receive a reference signal. It can include the process of optical transformation and obtain the phase change of the reference signal caused by the transmitting end path (transmission path from the transmitting end sending the reference signal to the synchronization terminal). Here, the operation of obtaining the phase change of the reference signal on the path of the transmitting end may be performed by the transmitting end phase change obtaining device (also referred to as a "synchronization path change measuring device"), and the obtained phase change of the reference signal may be transmitted to the phase processing device Compute unit in .

b) Receive a feedback signal from the load. The path to receive the load can usually be a direct coaxial line.

c) The correction source signal is mixed with the reference signal received from the transmitter and the feedback signal received from the load.

d) The reference signal superimposed on the correction signal and the feedback signal superimposed on the correction signal can be respectively transmitted to the phase detector of the phase processing device as the second part through different transmission paths (eg cables, etc.).

3. The phase detector of the phase processing device receives the signal from the synchronization terminal, and obtains the phase relationship among the feedback signal, the reference signal, the feedback signal superimposed with the correction signal, and the reference signal superimposed with the correction signal.

4. The calculation unit of the phase processing device is based on the relationship between the phases of the four signals obtained by the phase detector and the above-mentioned phase change of the reference signal obtained by the synchronization terminal and transmitted to the calculation unit on the path of the transmitting end, to obtain the desired value. The phase of the output drive signal is used to adjust the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal through the drive signal sent to the load, so that the phase difference between the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal and the phase of the reference signal at the transmitting end remains fixed (phase lock).

5. The synthesizer of the phase processing device outputs the drive signal to the load according to the phase obtained by the calculation unit.

More specifically, the ultimate purpose of the above-mentioned synchronization system is to lock the phase difference between point G and point A shown in FIG.

The first segment is the reference signal distribution segment from point A to point B shown in Figure 1. The phase stability on this segment is determined by the length/electrical length stability of the optical fiber/cable transmitting the signal, mainly subject to temperature, factors such as humidity and air pressure. The phase change of this segment can be independently measured or corrected by some devices and methods (eg, by the above-mentioned device for obtaining phase change at the transmitting end).

The second segment is the transmission segment within the receiver from point B/C to point D/E (two paths of BD and CE). What needs to be accurately measured is the phase difference between the two points B/C, but in fact, the phase detector can only measure the phase difference at the D/E position, that is, the phase difference at the D/E point can be accurately measured. Therefore, it is necessary to try to infer the phase difference of point B/C. Among them, the main difficulty is that the length changes of the two paths (such as cables) of BD and CE are not necessarily consistent, and the two phase detectors in the phase processing device corresponding to the two paths may also be different (currently usually used Filter circuit plus analog-to-digital conversion chip to realize phase detector). Therefore, a signal source can be added to the synchronization terminal, and a correction signal can be divided into two channels, which are respectively mixed into the cables of the reference signal and the feedback signal, so that the reference signal of the correction signal superimposed on the phase detector is detected. The phase difference with the feedback signal superimposed with the correction signal can represent the phase difference caused by the difference between the two cables. Using this phase difference, combined with the phase difference between the feedback signal received by the phase detector and the reference signal at point D/E, the actual phase difference between the feedback signal and the reference signal at point B/C can be reversed.

Therefore, the phase difference between points A/B can be obtained from the first section, and the phase difference between points B/C can be obtained from the second section, so that the phase difference between points A and C can be obtained, and then the calculation unit can be used to control point F. The phase difference of the A/C point can be stabilized at the desired value (phase locked).

At present, only the phase difference locking between A/C points can be achieved in the actual system, not the phase difference locking between A/G points. In addition, the GC segment currently mainly guarantees synchronization accuracy by shortening the cable length and increasing temperature control measures.

In the prior art, the phase difference change caused by the transmission path from the synchronization terminal to the phase detector is realized by correcting the signal. However, there is still a large phase shift in the implementation of the prior art.

This is mainly for the following reasons:

1. When the reference signal is a continuous wave, a vector superposition of the reference signal and the correction signal occurs. At this time, the following two superposition methods can be used.

a) Use a periodic pulse correction signal with the same frequency as the reference signal. During phase detection, first obtain the phase of the reference signal at the moment when there is no correction signal in the cycle, and then obtain the phase of "reference signal + correction signal" at the moment when there is a correction signal, and then subtract the former from the latter to obtain the phase of the correction signal .

In the first superposition method, the space electric field vector synthesis will introduce nonlinear changes, so that phase deviation will occur when the vector subtraction is performed later.

b) Using a continuous correction signal of a different frequency than the reference signal. During phase detection, the received signal is filtered first, and then the phases of the two are measured separately.

In the second method, signals of different frequencies are mixed and transmitted in the cable, and inter-frequency intermodulation phenomenon will inevitably occur, causing the signal to deviate from the real signal, thereby causing the problem of correction signal distortion.

The case where the reference signal is a continuous wave is described above. The case where the feedback signal is a continuous wave is similar to the case where the reference signal is a continuous wave, and details are not repeated here.

2. There is crosstalk in the signal transmission channel, that is, the signal on one channel in the BD segment and the CE segment in Figure 1 will have a certain power transmitted to the other channel through space radiation. When two signals exist on two channels at the same time and are sampled at this moment, the collected data will contain erroneous information. That is, a problem of crosstalk between signals occurs.

3. The signals incorporated into the two cables for both BD and CE paths from the correction source in the sync terminal need to be equiphase. In practice, the device that divides the signal into two paths from the correction source is usually a microwave power divider, and the device that incorporates the correction signal into the main signal is also a microwave power divider. The microwave power divider may cause unequal phase changes of the signals in the above two cables, and the lines and devices between the power divider and the combined power divider may also cause unequal phase changes, thereby affecting the final result. That is, the problem of unbalanced correction signal branching is caused.

4. The actual device used for phase detection is usually a high-speed digital analog-to-digital conversion chip or a high-precision analog phase detector. Its phase discrimination is based on its own local oscillator signal to work. If the phase difference of the local oscillator signals of the two analog-to-digital conversion chips changes with time, the phases of the same input signal measured by the two are also different. That is, the problem of inconsistency of the phase reference during sampling of the two channels is caused.

To sum up, it can be seen that how to improve the phase-locking accuracy between the transmitter and the receiver is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To solve one of the above problems, the present invention provides a synchronization system and a particle accelerator.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a receiving end of a synchronization system is provided, comprising: a synchronization terminal (2010), which is arranged at a transmitting end (1000) for sending a reference signal to the synchronization terminal (2010) and a transmitting end (1000) for receiving the reference signal to the synchronization terminal (2010). Between the phase processing apparatuses (2020) for the output of the synchronization terminal, the phase change obtaining apparatus (2011) at the transmitting end and the phase changing obtaining apparatus (2012) at the receiving end are included; the phase processing apparatus (2020) is provided at the synchronization terminal (2010) ) and the load (3000), wherein the transmitting end phase change obtaining device (2011) obtains the phase change of the reference signal transmitted from the transmitting end (1000) to the synchronization terminal (2010), and obtains the phase change of the reference signal Send to the phase processing device (2020); and wherein, the receiving end phase change obtaining device (2012) switches the conduction of the reference signal and the feedback signal from the load (3000) to the phase processing device in time sequence, so that the phase processing device (2020) is turned on ) based on the received reference signal and the feedback signal, obtain the phase difference between the received reference signal and the feedback signal at the phase processing device (2020), and based on the phase difference, obtain the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving end. Phase change obtaining device (2020) 2012), based on the phase difference of the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving end phase change obtaining device (2012) and the phase change of the reference signal, the phase of the driving signal to be sent to the load is obtained, so as to pass the driving The difference between the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal and the phase of the reference signal sent by the transmitter is kept fixed.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a synchronization system is provided, comprising: at least one receiving end (2000) as described above; and a sending end (1000), configured to send a reference signal to the at least one receiving end, wherein each receiving end The reference signal is received, and a driving signal is output to the load.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a particle accelerator is provided, comprising: the above-mentioned synchronization system for realizing synchronization required by the particle accelerator.

The invention can improve the phase-locking precision of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and improve the precision of the synchronization system.

Description of drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the more detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals are generally used in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. represent the same parts.

Figure 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a prior art synchronization system.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a receiving end of a synchronization system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary implementation of a receiving end of a synchronization system.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a receiving end of a synchronization system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a receiving end of a synchronization system according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of an exemplary implementation of another synchronization system receiver.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic block diagram of a receiving end of a synchronization system according to yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 shows a diagram of a cascade of microblogging switches according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of a synchronization system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 shows a schematic block diagram of a particle accelerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted here that the numbers, serial numbers and reference signs in this application are only for the convenience of description, and do not constitute any limitation to the steps, sequences, etc. of the present invention, unless the description clearly indicates the steps of There is a specific order of execution.

In view of the technical problems described in the background art, the present invention proposes a new synchronization system receiving end.

As shown in FIG. 2 , a synchronization system receiving end 2000 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a synchronization terminal 2010 and a phase processing apparatus 2020 .

Wherein, the synchronization terminal 2010 may be arranged between the transmitting end 1000 for sending the reference signal to the synchronization terminal and the phase processing apparatus 2020 for receiving the output of the synchronization terminal, and the phase processing apparatus 2020 may be arranged between the synchronization terminal 2010 and the load between 3000.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the synchronization terminal 2010 may include a transmitting end phase change obtaining device 2011 and a receiving end phase change obtaining device 2012 .

The transmitting end phase change obtaining device 2011 is used to obtain the phase change of the reference signal transmitted from the transmitting end 1000 to the synchronization terminal 2010 (the path AB shown in the figure), and transmit the phase change of the reference signal to the phase processing device 2020 .

The receiving end phase change obtaining device 2012 switches the conduction of the reference signal and the feedback signal from the load 3000 to the phase processing device 2020 according to the time sequence, so as to realize the time-division conduction of the reference signal and the feedback signal, avoiding the use of power division in the prior art The problem of "collection crosstalk between the reference signal and the feedback signal" caused by the controller, thus improving the phase-locking accuracy between the transmitter and the receiver. This is because the power divider used in the prior art cannot actively switch the conduction of the signal at the synchronous terminal, but can only receive the reference signal in time sequence when there is no correction signal when receiving, for example, if the correction signal is a periodic pulse, When there is a correction signal, a signal obtained by superimposing the reference signal and the correction signal (reference signal superimposed with the correction signal) is received, that is, the prior art cannot realize the time-division conduction of the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving end.

In the present invention, the switching of the switching device can be controlled by a sequential circuit.

Further, the phase processing device 2020 can obtain the phase difference between the received reference signal and the feedback signal at the phase processing device 2020 based on the time-divisionally conducted reference signal and the feedback signal received from the phase change obtaining device 2012 at the receiving end. Based on the phase difference, the phase processing device 2020 can inversely obtain the phase difference between the reference signal and the feedback signal at the phase change obtaining device 2012 at the receiving end. Then, based on the phase difference of the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving end phase change obtaining device 2012 and the phase change of the reference signal transmitted by the sending end phase change obtaining device, the phase of the driving signal to be sent to the load is obtained, so as to pass the driving The difference between the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal and the phase of the reference signal sent by the transmitter is kept fixed.

Moreover, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention cancels the correction source (correction signal) at the synchronization terminal, thereby avoiding the correction signal distortion problem and the correction signal branch imbalance problem described in the background art.

Thereby, more accurate phase locking between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the synchronization system is achieved.

An example of a specific phase-locking implementation manner may be as follows. The so-called phase locking in this paper can be controlled by controlling the phase of the driving signal, so that the phase of the feedback signal at point C (the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal) shown in the figure is the same as the phase of the reference signal at point A (transmitting The phase difference of the reference signal) is fixed. For example, the phase processing device 2020 outputs the Nth driving pulse. After the pulse passes through the load, it reaches the synchronization terminal (specifically, reaches the phase change obtaining device 2012 at the receiving end), and becomes the "feedback signal N input to the synchronization terminal", and passes through the path After the transmission reaches the phase processing device 2020, the phase processing device 2020 can know the difference between the “feedback signal N input to the synchronization terminal” (the feedback signal at point C) and the difference between the “feedback signal N input to the synchronization terminal” (the feedback signal at point C) and the Whether the phase difference between the reference signals fluctuates. Originally, the phase difference should be a fixed value. However, due to line transmission and other reasons, the phase difference may not be continuously fixed. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal by setting the phase of the driving signal, so that the phase difference is within remain fixed to a certain extent. In the case of a slight fluctuation delta of the phase difference, the phase processing device 2020 will subtract the delta value from the phase of the drive signal when outputting the N+1th drive pulse. In this way, when the N+1th pulse reaches point C, the delta that was added last time is corrected. In this way, the effect of maintaining a constant difference between the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal and the phase of the reference signal sent by the transmitting end is achieved. Specifically, it can be considered that by modifying the phase of the driving signal at point F, the difference between the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal and the phase of the reference signal sent by the transmitting end remains unchanged.

For "keeping the phase difference fixed or unchanged", those skilled in the art can understand that technically it does not mean keeping the phase difference 100% unchanged, that is to say, "fixed" or "unchanged" described herein refers to relative For example, a reference phase difference value (for example, a phase difference such as 1 degree, 20 degrees, or 80 degrees), the actual phase difference is maintained to a certain extent or within a certain range, and those skilled in the art can understand that the degree of Or the range is related to the accuracy of the synchronization system, such as the deviation of the phase difference is 0.1 degrees or the like. In view of this, it is unnecessary and inconvenient to describe the precision of maintaining the phase difference too much, as long as those skilled in the art understand the above meaning.

Further, for a specific implementation example, the above-mentioned phase processing apparatus 2020 may include a phase detector, a signal processing apparatus, and a signal output apparatus, etc., as shown in FIG. 3 .

Wherein, the phase detector may receive signals from the synchronization terminal in time sequence, such as the above-mentioned reference signal and feedback signal. The phase detector can obtain the phase relationship between the signals input into it, such as the phase difference between the reference signal and the feedback signal.

The signal processing device (such as a computing unit, etc.) can receive the phase change of the reference signal from the synchronization terminal, and can be based on the phase relationship between the received signals obtained by the above-mentioned phase detector and the phase change of the reference signal received by the signal processing device, The phase of the driving signal is obtained, so that the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal is adjusted by the driving signal, so that the phase of the reference signal sent by the transmitting terminal is kept fixed.

The signal output device may generate a driving signal for driving the load based on the obtained phase of the driving signal and send it to the load. Here, the drive signal is only used to drive the load, so only the phase of the drive signal is concerned, and the amplitude and frequency of the drive signal are not particularly limited in the present invention.

It should be noted that the above is only an implementation example of the phase processing apparatus 2020 given for the sake of convenience of understanding. In fact, there is more than one implementation manner of the phase processing apparatus 2020, which will not be repeated here.

Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 , the above-mentioned receiving-end phase change obtaining device 2012 may include a first switching device 20121 , whose two input ends may respectively receive the reference signal from the transmitting end 1000 and the The feedback signal from the load 3000 is used to transmit the reference signal and the feedback signal in a time-sharing manner via the path connecting the output end of the first switching device 20121 and the input end of the phase processing device 2020 .

By using the first switching device 20121, the time-division transmission of the reference signal and the feedback signal can be realized, thereby avoiding the problem of "collection crosstalk between the reference signal and the feedback signal" caused by using a power divider in the prior art, thereby improving the transmission efficiency. Phase-locking accuracy between the terminal and the receiver.

Moreover, by using the first switching device 20121, the time-sharing transmission of the reference signal and the feedback signal on the same channel is realized, thereby avoiding the problem of "inconsistency of the phase reference caused by sampling of the two channels" in the prior art, thereby further improving the The phase-locking accuracy between the sender and receiver is improved.

It should be noted here that, for the sake of brevity and clarity, FIG. 3 omits the transmitting-end phase change obtaining device and the signal relationship between its input and output, that is, the synchronization system receiving end 2000 shown in FIG. The transmitting end phase change obtaining device 2011 as shown in FIG.

Please note that the receiving end of the synchronization system shown in FIG. 3 is a more specific implementation of the receiving end of the synchronization system shown in FIG. 2 . Specifically, the solution in FIG. 3 realizes the time-division conduction (transmission) function of the signal of the phase-change obtaining device 2012 at the receiving end through the first switching device 20121 , but the single-channel signal distribution is realized through the first switching device 20121 . turn on (transmit). The following will exemplify the implementation of time-division conduction (transmission) of multi-channel signals. Moreover, through the multi-channel signal time-division transmission described below, multiple feedback signal reception (also referred to as "multi-channel reception") can be realized, thereby achieving the beneficial technical effect that one receiving end can be shared by multiple load feedback ends.

In the case of multi-channel transmission signals, the correction signal generated by the correction source can be used, and the reference signal superimposed with the correction signal and The phase difference of each feedback signal of the correction signal is superimposed, so that the phase difference between the reference signal and the feedback signal caused by the respective transmission paths (eg cables) can be determined.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the receiving-end phase change obtaining device 2012 may include a second switching device 20122 , at least one third switching device 20123 , and a correction source 2013 . That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 , the second switching device 20122 , at least one third switching device 20123 , and the correction source 2013 together constitute the receiving end phase change obtaining device 2012 , but due to space limitations, the receiving end is not shown in FIG. 4 . Block and reference numerals of the terminal phase transition acquisition device 2012 .

Moreover, due to space limitations, only two third switching devices are shown in FIG. 4 , which are referred to as the first (first) third switching device 201231 and the second (second) third switching device for the sake of distinction. 201232, there can actually be more third switches. For convenience, all third switching devices are collectively referred to as 20123 herein.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first third switching device 201231 is used to switch the feedback signal and the correction signal from the first load 3001 in time sequence, and the phase processing device is based on the signal received from the first third switching device (correction signal). The phase relationship between the signal and the first feedback signal on which the correction signal is superimposed) obtains a first output drive signal (output drive signal 1 shown in FIG. 4 ), which is transmitted to the first load 3001 .

Similarly, the second third switching means 201232 is used to switch the feedback signal and the correction signal from the second load 3002 in time sequence, and the phase processing means are based on the signals received from the second third switching means (correction signal, superposition The phase relationship between the second feedback signal of the correction signal) is obtained to obtain a second output driving signal (output driving signal 2 shown in FIG. 4 ), which is transmitted to the second load 3002 .

By analogy, the Nth third switching device is used to switch the feedback signal and the correction signal from the Nth load in time sequence, and the phase processing device is based on the signal received from the Nth third switching device (correction signal, superimposed The phase relationship between the Nth feedback signal) of the correction signal is obtained to obtain the Nth output driving signal, which is transmitted to the Nth load. Here, N may be greater than or equal to 2.

A correction source 2013 may be provided between the second switching means 20122 and these third switching means for generating correction signals to be superimposed on the reference signal and the feedback signals from the loads.

In this embodiment, the second switching device 20122 can switch the reference signal and the correction signal in time sequence, thereby enabling the phase processing device 2020 to obtain the reference signal and the reference signal superimposed with the correction signal in time-division.

Further, when the phase processing device 2020 samples the reference signal and the reference signal on which the correction signal is superimposed, and when sampling each feedback signal and the corresponding feedback signal on which the correction signal is superimposed, it is performed through corresponding paths respectively. That is, in the case of receiving multiple feedback signals from multiple loads in multiple paths, the paths of the sampling signals of the phase processing device are also multiple.

Each third switching device switches the feedback signal and the correction signal of the corresponding load in time sequence, so that the phase processing device 2020 receives the reference signal, the reference signal superimposed on the correction signal, the correction signal, and Each feedback signal on which the correction signal is superimposed, and based on the received reference signal, the correction signal, the reference signal on which the correction signal is superimposed, and the phase relationship between the feedback signals on which the correction signal is superimposed, the received reference signal and the feedback signal are obtained. The phase difference at the phase processing device 2020, and based on the phase difference, obtain the phase difference between the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving end phase change obtaining device 2012, and based on the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving end phase change obtaining device 2012 The phase difference between the above-mentioned reference signal and the phase change of the above-mentioned reference signal can be obtained to obtain the phase of the driving signal to be sent to the load, so as to adjust the phase difference between the phase of the feedback signal input to the synchronization terminal and the phase of the reference signal sent by the transmitting terminal through the driving signal to maintain fixed.

Here, with regard to the correction signal, when the correction signal is of periodic pulse type, when there is a correction signal, the correction signal is introduced into the phase processing device through the above-mentioned switching device; / Feedback signal into the phase processing device.

In the case that the correction signal is a continuous signal, a corresponding timing sequence can be generated according to the control bandwidth requirement, and the correction signal or reference/feedback signal can be introduced into the phase processing device according to the time sequence through the switching device, thereby completing the time-sharing transmission of the signal.

Correspondingly, in the phase processing device, it can be determined according to the time sequence whether the acquired signal is the correction signal, the reference signal or the feedback signal.

The embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the scenario of receiving multiple feedback signals from multiple loads in multiple channels. Through a plurality of switching devices for physically switching signals (a second switching device for switching the reference signal and the correction signal and at least one third switching device for switching the correction signal and each feedback signal), not only the problem is solved when the correction signal is When the periodic pulse signal is used, the "phase deviation" problem caused by the superposition of the reference/feedback signal and the correction signal vector, and because the signal can be physically switched, the periodic pulse correction signal can be completely adopted, thus solving the problem when the correction signal is the same as the reference signal. / When the feedback signal is a continuous signal of different frequency, the problem of "correction signal distortion" caused by the transmission of signals of different frequencies between the synchronization terminal and the phase processing device by cables.

In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can also realize multi-channel reception of multiple feedback signals by one receiving end, which greatly improves the utilization efficiency of the device at the receiving end.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 , according to an embodiment of the present invention, the receiving-end phase change obtaining device 2012 may further include a device for controlling the calibration provided between the calibration source and the second switching device and each third switching device. The source generates at least one fourth switching means for the conduction direction of the correction signal, as shown in FIG. 5 . Also for convenience, all fourth switching devices are collectively referred to herein as 20124.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the receiving end phase change obtaining device 2012, the first (first) fourth switching device 20141 is connected to the correction source 2013 and the second switching device 20122 and the first (first) third switching device Between the devices 20131, it is used to control the conduction direction of the correction signal generated by the correction source, that is, to make the first and fourth switching means 20141 conduct upwards (the direction of the second switching means 20122) or conduct downwards (the first and fourth switching means 20141). Three switching device 20131 direction).

Similarly, a second (second) fourth switching means 20142 is connected between the correction source 2013 and the second switching means 20122 and the second (second) third switching means 20132 for controlling the corrections generated by the correction source The conduction direction of the signal is to make the second and fourth switching device 20142 conduct upward (the direction of the second switching device 20122 ) or conduct downward (the direction of the second and third switching device 20132 ).

By analogy, for the Nth (Nth) fourth switching device, it is also connected between the correction source 2013 and the second switching device 20122 and the Nth (Nth) third switching device for controlling the correction source The conduction direction of the generated correction signal is to make the Nth fourth switching device conduct upwards (the direction of the second switching device 20122 ) or conduct downwards (the Nth third switching device direction).

It can be seen from the above that the number of the fourth switching device and the number of the third switching device should be the same.

In this embodiment, by adopting each fourth switching device, the incorporation (superposition) of the correction signal, the reference signal and the feedback signal is physically isolated, the crosstalk between the reference signal and the feedback signal is effectively avoided, and the transmission end is improved. phase-locking accuracy between the receiver and the receiver.

For ease of understanding, FIG. 6 shows a simplified example for representing the connections between the second switching device, the third switching device and the fourth switching device.

In FIG. 6 , the second switching device is implemented by microwave switch 1 , the third switching device is implemented by microwave switch 2 , and the fourth switching device is implemented by microwave switch 3 .

Here, a timing control circuit for controlling the timing can be used, for example, during odd-numbered pulses, the upper part of the microwave switch 3 is turned on, so as to make the correction signal and the reference signal transmitted through the microwave switch 1 converge, and during even-numbered pulses, the microwave switch is turned on. Conduction below 3 is used to make the correction signal and the feedback signal transmitted through the microwave switch 2 meet, or vice versa, for example, in the case of even pulses, the upper part of the microwave switch 3 is turned on, for the correction signal and the reference transmitted through the microwave switch 1 The signals are converged, and the microwave switch 3 is turned on when the odd-numbered pulse occurs, which is used to converge the correction signal and the feedback signal transmitted through the microwave switch 2, so that the two channels of BD and CE use the correction signal alternately, and do not overlap in timing. The corresponding correction signal acquisition is also performed alternately with odd and even pulses, so as to avoid the crosstalk of the correction signals of the two channels.

Here, the control of the parity pulses can be realized by, for example, a digital circuit T flip-flop.

For the control of the microwave switches 1 and 2, for example, the microwave switches 1 and 2 can be controlled, that is, when there is a feedback pulse, the microwave switch 1 is switched to the lower end, and the microwave switch 2 is switched to the upper end, so that the BD channel is at this moment. There is no reference signal on the signal, so that the acquisition of the feedback signal (on the CE channel) is carried out at the moment when there is no reference signal, preventing the crosstalk between the reference signal and the feedback signal; then, similarly, control the microwave switches 1 and 2, that is, in the When there is a reference pulse, switch the microwave switch 1 to the upper end, and switch the microwave switch 2 to the lower end, so that there is no feedback signal on the CE channel at this moment, so that the reference signal acquisition (on the BD channel) is at the moment when there is no feedback signal. to prevent crosstalk between the reference signal and the feedback signal.

That is, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the conduction direction of the fourth switching device can be controlled by the timing control circuit, so that the correction signal and the reference to be input to the phase processing device 2020 via the corresponding second switching device are alternately performed in parity pulses The superposition of the signals, and the superposition of the correction signal and the feedback signal to be input to the phase processing means 2020 via the corresponding third switching means.

In this embodiment, through the second switching device, the third switching device, and the fourth switching device, the four signals of the reference signal, the feedback signal, the reference correction signal, and the feedback correction signal have been completely separated in timing.

Therefore, it not only solves the problem of "mixed transmission of signals of different frequencies in the cable, which will inevitably cause inter-frequency intermodulation, which makes the signal deviate from the real signal" described in the background art, but also solves the problem of signal transmission channels. In other words, when collecting the feedback signal, there must be the influence of the crosstalk of the reference signal, and when collecting the reference signal, there must be the problem of the influence of the crosstalk of the feedback signal.

In addition, optionally, as shown in FIG. 7 , a microwave switch 4 may be connected in series before the microwave switch 1 as a fifth switching device, so as to independently control the on-off of the reference signal by controlling the microwave switch 4 .

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 7 , a microwave switch 5 can also be connected in series before the microwave switch 2 as a sixth switching device, so as to control the on-off of the feedback signal independently by controlling the microwave switch 5 .

That is, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the receiving-end phase-change obtaining device 2012 may further include a fifth switching device (microwave switch) provided before the second switching device 20122 for switching the reference signal to the conduction of the synchronization terminal 4), and/or a sixth switching device (microwave switch 5) provided before the third switching device for switching the feedback signal to the conduction of the synchronization terminal.

Through the above-mentioned microwave switches 4/5, the on-off of the (independent) signal can be better controlled, that is, for example, the transmission of the feedback signal can be turned off when there is a reference signal, and similarly, the reference signal can be turned off when there is a feedback signal. transmission to further prevent signal crosstalk.

Here, when the microwave switches 4 and/or 5 are used, the microwave switch 3 may not be used, so as to save device space and reduce connection lines.

Of course, both the microwave switches 4 and/or 5 and the microwave switch 3 can also be used, so that the on-off of the reference signal and/or the feedback signal can be independently controlled, and the correction signal can be used alternately, which can effectively avoid the interference.

It should be noted here that, due to space limitations, FIG. 7 still does not show the module block and reference number of the receiving-end phase change obtaining apparatus 2011, nor does it show the module block and reference number of the synchronization terminal 2010, but in fact this embodiment They are still included in , and their settings are consistent with Figure 2.

For the implementation of the above switching devices, microwave switches can be used as described above, including single-pole double-throw microwave switches or single-pole single-throw microwave switches.

The microwave switch described in this paper can be an electronically controlled switching device applied to microwave signals, similar in function to a relay. A typical SPDT microwave switch has a control terminal CTRL, two input terminals RF1 and RF2, and an output terminal COM. When a control voltage is applied to the control terminal, the input terminal RF1 signal can be transmitted to the output terminal COM. When the control terminal is not given a control voltage or the control voltage is 0, the input terminal RF2 signal can be transmitted to the output terminal COM.

Microwave switches have channel-to-channel isolation issues. For example, taking the microwave switch 1 as the first switching device 20121 in FIG. 3 as an example, when the microwave switch is turned on, ideally, only the reference signal will enter the back end, but in fact there will also be a certain power The power of the feedback signal from the lower end enters the back end, causing signal crosstalk.

The isolation degree of the currently used microwave switch device is 60dB, that is, one-millionth of the power will enter the common terminal from the unconnected terminal, and it will still have a non-negligible impact when the precision is high. On the microwave of 3GHz (wavelength 10cm), the possible synchronization timing jitter is about 10-30fs.

Therefore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, when the isolation degree of the microwave switch is insufficient, the isolation performance can be improved by cascading until the application requirements are met. Under normal use requirements, two-stage cascade isolation of 120dB can make the crosstalk level less than 1fs, which is much lower than the jitter caused by other factors and can be ignored. The available cascading methods are shown in Figure 8. In addition to SPDT switches, single-pole single-throw switches can also be used for cascading or a combination of both switches to achieve high isolation.

It can be seen that the microwave switch used to realize the switching device can be formed by cascading at least two microwave switching devices, thereby improving the isolation performance of the microwave switch.

In the present invention, the crosstalk of the signal can be physically cut off by using the switching device, so as to realize the time-sharing transmission of the signal. For example, by using the first switching device, time-division and interference-free transmission of the feedback signal and the reference signal on the same channel is realized.

In addition, by using the second switching device and a plurality of third switching devices, the present invention is also based on solving the "phase deviation problem", "signal crosstalk" problem and "corrected signal distortion" problem caused by vector superposition, etc. multiple feedback reception.

Furthermore, also by using the fourth switching means, the superposition of the correction signal to the reference signal and the superposition to the feedback signal are physically time-divisionally switched, that is, the reference signal path and the feedback signal path to the phase processing means are alternately used. Correction signal, thus effectively solving the crosstalk problem of the correction signal on the two channels.

Moreover, by using the fifth switching device and the sixth switching device (microwave switches 4, 5), the on-off of the reference signal and the feedback signal is independently controlled, and the reference signal (signal 1) is turned off when the feedback signal (signal 2) is collected. ) transmission, in the same way, the transmission of the feedback signal (signal 2) is turned off at the moment when there is a reference signal (signal 1).

In this way, it can be realized that no more than one signal is collected by the phase processing device at any time.

So far, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention can effectively improve the phase locking precision between the transmitting end and the receiving end.

Figure 9 shows a synchronization system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 9 , a synchronization system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include at least one receiving end 2000 of the above-mentioned synchronization system, and a transmitting end 1000 for sending a reference signal to the at least one receiving end.

Wherein, each receiving end receives the reference signal and outputs a driving signal to its corresponding load.

It should be noted that the receiving end here may be a single-channel receiving scenario (eg, as shown in Figures 2, 3, etc.), or a multi-channel receiving scenario (eg, as shown in Figure 4, etc.).

The synchronization system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the phase locking precision between the transmitter and the receiver.

Figure 10 shows a particle accelerator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the particle accelerator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned synchronization system 100 for realizing synchronization required by the particle accelerator.

By using the synchronization system 100 described above, the particle accelerator according to the embodiment of the present invention can achieve better performance.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various exemplary logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both.

The flowcharts, block diagrams, etc. in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems and methods in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code that contains one or more functions for implementing the specified logical function(s) executable instructions. It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It is also noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented in dedicated hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or operations , or can be implemented in a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

Various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the foregoing descriptions are exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limiting of the disclosed embodiments. Numerous modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the various embodiments, the practical application or improvement over the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the various embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (12)

1. A receiving end (2000) of a synchronization system, comprising:

the synchronization terminal (2010) is arranged between a transmitting end (1000) used for transmitting a reference signal to the synchronization terminal (2010) and a phase processing device (2020) used for receiving the output of the synchronization terminal, and comprises a transmitting end phase change obtaining device (2011) and a receiving end phase change obtaining device (2012);

a phase processing device (2020) provided between the synchronization terminal (2010) and a load (3000),

the transmitting end phase change obtaining device (2011) obtains the phase change of the reference signal transmitted from the transmitting end (1000) to the synchronous terminal (2010), and transmits the phase change of the reference signal to the phase processing device (2020); and

the receiving end phase change obtaining device (2012) switches the conduction of a reference signal and a feedback signal from a load (3000) to the phase processing device according to time sequence, so that the phase processing device (2020) obtains the phase difference of the received reference signal and the feedback signal at the phase processing device (2020) based on the received reference signal and the feedback signal, obtains the phase difference of the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving end phase change obtaining device (2012) based on the phase difference, obtains the phase of a driving signal to be sent to the load based on the phase difference of the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving end phase change obtaining device (2012) and the phase change of the reference signal, and adjusts the difference between the phase of the feedback signal input to a synchronous terminal (2010) and the phase of the reference signal sent by a sending end to be kept fixed through the driving signal.

2. The receiving end of claim 1,

the phase processing device comprises a phase discriminator, a signal processing device and a signal output device,

the phase discriminator receives signals from the synchronous terminal according to a time sequence and obtains a phase relation among the signals input into the phase discriminator;

the signal processing device receives the phase change of the reference signal from a synchronous terminal and obtains the phase of the driving signal based on the phase relation between the signals and the phase change;

the signal output device generates the driving signal for driving the load based on the phase of the driving signal and transmits the driving signal to the load.

3. The receiving end of claim 1,

the receiving end phase change obtaining device (2012) comprises a first switching device (20121), two input ends of the first switching device respectively receive a reference signal from a sending end (1000) and a feedback signal from a load (3000), and the first switching device is used for transmitting the reference signal and the feedback signal in a time-sharing manner through a path connecting the output end of the first switching device (20121) and the input end of the phase processing device.

4. The receiving end of claim 1,

the receiving end phase change obtaining device (2012) comprises a second switching device (20122), at least one third switching device and a correction source (2013),

wherein the correction source (2013) is arranged between the second switching device (20122) and the at least one third switching device for generating a correction signal to be superimposed on the reference signal and the respective feedback signals from the at least one load (3000);

wherein the second switching means (20122) switches the reference signal and the correction signal in time series, each third switching means switches the feedback signal and the correction signal of the corresponding load in time series, so that the phase processing means (2020) receives the reference signal, the reference signal superimposed with the correction signal, and the respective feedback signals superimposed with the correction signal from the receiving-side phase transition obtaining means (2012) in time series, obtains a phase difference of the received reference signal and the feedback signal at the phase processing means (2020) based on a phase relationship between the received reference signal, the correction signal, the reference signal superimposed with the correction signal, and the respective feedback signals superimposed with the correction signal, obtains a phase difference of the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving-side phase transition obtaining means (2012) based on the phase difference, obtains a phase difference of the reference signal and the feedback signal at the receiving-side phase transition obtaining means (2012) based on the reference signal and the feedback signal, and a phase change of the reference signal, the phase of the drive signal is obtained and the drive signal is output to the load.

5. The receiving end according to claim 4,

the receiving end phase change obtaining device (2012) further comprises at least one fourth switching device arranged between the calibration source and the second switching device and each third switching device and used for controlling the conducting direction of the calibration signal generated by the calibration source.

6. The receiving end according to claim 4,

the receiving side phase transition obtaining means (2012) further comprises a fifth switching means arranged before the second switching means for switching the conduction of the reference signal to the synchronization terminal and/or a sixth switching means arranged before the third switching means for switching the conduction of the feedback signal to the synchronization terminal.

7. The receiving end according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each switching device is a single-pole double-throw microwave switch or a single-pole single-throw microwave switch.

8. The receiver according to claim 7, wherein the microwave switch is formed by cascading at least two microwave switch devices.

9. The receiving end of claim 5,

the conduction direction of the fourth switching means is controlled by a timing control circuit so that the superposition of the correction signal and a reference signal to be input to the phase processing means (2020) via the corresponding second switching means (20122) and the superposition of the correction signal and a feedback signal to be input to the phase processing means (2020) via the corresponding third switching means are alternately performed in odd and even pulses.

10. The receiving end according to any of claims 4 to 6, wherein the phase processing means (2020) performs sampling of the reference signal and the reference signal superimposed with the correction signal and sampling of the feedback signals and the feedback signals superimposed with the correction signal by corresponding paths, respectively.

11. A synchronization system, comprising:

at least one receiving end (2000) according to any of claims 1 to 10;

a transmitting end (1000) for transmitting a reference signal to the at least one receiving end,

and each receiving end receives the reference signal and outputs a driving signal to a load.

12. A particle accelerator, comprising:

a synchronisation system as claimed in claim 11, for achieving the required synchronisation of the particle accelerator.

Images