CN110381231A - A kind of light splitting photographic device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of light splitting photographic devices, the camera lens part constituted including shell and lens set and other standard lens components, it is characterised in that: the device further includes being placed in the shell and being mounted on the Amici prism that incident ray is divided into multiple tracks different-waveband sub-light line on prism fixing device；The Amici prism is cube, is spliced by several prisms；It is placed in the shell and is looped around the sensor for being used to receive different-waveband sub-light line around the Amici prism, the quantity of the sensor is identical as the quantity of sub-light line.The present invention has the characteristics that highly sensitive, high pixel resolution.

Description

A spectroscopic camera device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of electronic cameras, in particular to a spectroscopic camera device.

Background technique

Shooting effects in low light is a huge challenge for current electronic cameras. Generally speaking, in order to obtain better shooting effects in weak light, there are two common approaches: 1. Increase the exposure, that is, increase the signal strength. The measures taken include increasing the lens, increasing the aperture, long exposure, etc., or simply artificially fill in the light. The second is to increase the sensitivity of the sensor, increase the size of the photosensitive pixel, and so on. Each of the above methods has its own limitations. For the lens, theoretically, the aperture of the lens can be increased without limit to obtain sufficient light input, but in reality, considering the quality of the lens, material limitations, and processing accuracy, etc., the relative aperture of the lens is limited. It is impossible to solve the problem once and for all, especially as the focal length is smaller, the effective aperture of the lens is also smaller. However, increasing the exposure time is not suitable for shooting scenes with high-speed movement, otherwise the smearing phenomenon of the image will be very obvious. The last is the method of artificial light supplement, but not all places can carry out artificial light supplement. Since the attenuation speed of light intensity is proportional to the cube of the distance, the supplement light solution is only suitable for close-range operation for a period of time. On the other hand, the light pollution problem caused by artificial supplementary light also greatly limits the use of this method. Therefore, when close-range high-speed capture is required and supplementary light is not allowed, there is currently a lack of good solutions in terms of optics.

Another solution is to increase the sensitivity of the sensor. This is an important technical competition point for component manufacturers at present, and new low-light image sensors are constantly being introduced to continuously enhance the shooting effect under low light. However, the technological update speed of electronic devices is far behind the requirements of applications, and there are many contradictions in the design and manufacture of high-sensitivity image sensors. Current electronic sensors generally use a pixel as the smallest unit of light sensitivity. The material and area of the pixel determine the sensitivity of the sensor. In the case of no material progress, increasing the pixel area can increase the sensitivity. However, the current sensors must pursue both high sensitivity and high resolution. When the overall size of the sensor remains unchanged, increasing the image resolution will inevitably reduce the sensitivity, and vice versa. Therefore, at present, it is difficult to make image sensors with high resolution and high sensitivity under low light and low illumination.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a spectroscopic imaging device with high sensitivity and high pixel resolution.

In order to solve the above problems, a kind of spectroscopic imaging device according to the present invention includes a housing, a lens group and a lens part composed of other standard lens components, and it is characterized in that: the device also includes

——a beam-splitting prism placed in the housing and installed on the prism fixing device to split the incident light into multiple sub-rays of different wavelength bands; the beam-splitting prism is a cube and is spliced by several prisms;

- Sensors placed in the housing and surrounding the dichroic prism for receiving sub-lights of different wavelength bands, the number of the sensors is the same as the number of sub-lights.

The back focal length of the lens group is greater than or equal to 15mm.

The sensor is a monochromatic sensor, and the pixels of each pixel of the sensor are photosensitive points of the same color.

A reflective filter is provided between the lens group 2 and the dichroic prism, one end of the reflective filter is connected to the dichroic prism through the filter fixing device I, and the other end is connected to the dichroic prism through the filter fixing device II. The above-mentioned lens group is connected.

An infrared light sensor is arranged in the housing.

The dichroic prism includes a first optical reflection surface and a second optical reflection surface, and the first optical reflection surface intersects the second optical reflection surface.

The first optical reflection surface includes a first coating plane and a second coating plane.

The second optical reflection surface includes a third coating plane and a fourth coating plane.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The present invention is provided with a beam splitting prism, which can split the incident light into multiple sub-rays of different wavelength bands.

2. The present invention increases the number of sensors without increasing the lens and the amount of light entering the lens, which is equivalent to increasing the area of the sensor; in the case of synthetic imaging, the sensitivity of the sensor is not considered, and the sensor is simply increased. area, its sensitivity is also increased.

3. On the traditional color sensor, each pixel is divided into several sub-pixels, and each pixel is only sensitive to the light of the corresponding color band, and the utilization rate of light energy is very limited. In the present invention, each sensor has a The pixels of each pixel are only sensitive to light of the same color, which greatly enhances the energy utilization of light.

Description of drawings

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dichroic prism of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1—housing; 2—lens group; 101—first sub-ray; 102—second sub-ray; 103—third sub-ray; 104—fourth sub-ray; 201—beam splitting prism; 202—first Optical reflection surface; 203—second optical reflection surface; 204—prism fixing device; 301—first sensor; 302—second sensor; 303—third sensor; 304—first fixing device; 305—second fixing device; 306—third fixture; 401—filter fixture I; 402—filter fixture II; 403—reflective filter; 404—fourth fixture; 405—fourth sensor; G1—first coating plane; G2—the second coating plane; B1—the third coating plane; B2—the fourth coating plane; S1—light entering surface; S2—the exit direction of red light; S3—the exit direction of green light; S4—the exit direction of blue light Direction; K1—first triangular prism; K2—second triangular prism; K3—third triangular prism; K4—fourth triangular prism; K5—gluing plane.

Detailed ways

A spectroscopic imaging device includes a housing 1, a lens group 2 and a lens part composed of other standard lens components. The device also includes

——The beam-splitting prism 201 placed in the housing 1 and installed on the prism fixing device 204 to split the incident light into multiple sub-rays of different wavelength bands; the beam-splitting prism 201 is a cube, which is spliced by several prisms;

——Sensors for receiving sub-rays of different wavelength bands placed in the housing 1 and surrounded by the dichroic prism, the number of the sensors is the same as the number of sub-rays.

Wherein: the back focal length of the lens group 2 is greater than or equal to 15mm.

The sensor is a monochrome sensor, and the pixels of each pixel of the sensor are photosensitive points of the same color.

A reflective filter 403 for reflecting the infrared light in the incident light is arranged between the lens group 2 and the beam splitting prism 201. One end of the reflective filter 403 is connected with the beam splitting prism 201 through the filter fixing device I401, and the other end is passed through the filter The sheet fixing device II 402 is connected with the lens group 2 .

The housing 1 is provided with an infrared light sensor for receiving reflected infrared light.

The dichroic prism 201 includes a first optical reflection surface 202 and a second optical reflection surface 203, which are used to reflect light of a specific wavelength, so that the incident light is divided into multiple sub-rays of different wavelength bands, and the first optical reflection surface 202 and the second optical reflection The faces 203 intersect.

The first optical reflective surface 202 includes a first coating plane G1 and a second coating plane G2.

The second optical reflection surface 203 includes a third coating plane B1 and a fourth coating plane B2.

Specifically, the dichroic prism 201 divides the incident light into three sub-rays according to the three primary colors of red, blue and green through the first optical reflection surface 202 and the second optical reflection surface 203, including the first sub-ray, the second sub-ray and the second sub-ray. Three sub-rays, the three sub-rays represent the red, green and blue three primary color spectrums respectively, the dichroic prism 201 is a standard cubic structure, which is formed by gluing and splicing 4 equal-sized triangular prisms, and these four triangular prisms are the first triangular prisms in Figure 1 Mirror K1, the second triangular prism K2, the third triangular prism K3 and the fourth triangular prism K4, the "X" shaped dotted line shown in the number K5 is the glued plane of the four prisms. G1, G2, B1 and B2 are four reflective coating planes. In this scheme, G1 and G2 are coated with green light reflective film, and B1 and B2 are coated with blue light reflective film. In addition, the reflective film systems of the four surfaces of G1, G2, B1 and B2 can be arranged according to needs. The direction of the arrow is the propagation direction of light. The surface S1 is the light-incoming surface, facing the direction of the lens, and the surfaces S2, S3 and S4 are the outgoing directions of the three primary colors of red, green and blue, respectively, and each corresponds to an image sensor of a corresponding color. The dichroic prism 201 is fixed inside the camera by a fixing device. The lenses and sensors are arranged around the dichroic prism 201 .

Embodiment 1 As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the camera device includes a lens part, a beam splitting system, a schematic diagram of a geometric optical path structure, several monochromatic sensors, a mechanical housing and a fixing device for the system.

The first is the lens part. The lens includes a complete housing 1, assembly thread, rear focus adjustment screw and other standard lens components, and the lens also includes lens group 2, which is a combination of several lenses. The lens adopts a large rear Focus lens, the back focus distance is greater than or equal to 15mm, so that there is enough space to arrange optical devices and sensors to build a spectroscopic system.

The second part is the spectroscopic system of the device, including a spectroscopic prism 201. The spectroscopic prism 201 is the main body of the spectroscopic system. It is structurally a standard cube, which includes a first optical reflective surface 202 and a second optical reflective surface 203, and Both the first optical reflective surface 202 and the second optical reflective surface 203 form an angle of 45° with the main optical axis of the lens, and the first optical reflective surface 202 and the second optical reflective surface 203 are respectively monochromatic reflective surfaces, which only reflect specific color spectrum Light, such as blue light with a central wavelength of 450nm, green light with a central wavelength of 530nm, or red light with a central wavelength of 630nm, etc. The specific range is selected according to the application requirements. The reflective surface only reflects light of a fixed band, and other bands can be efficiently transmitted. On the reflective surface, the position of the dichroic prism 201 is fixed by a fixing device 204 .

Referring to the schematic diagram of the geometric light path structure in Figure 2, the visible light incident from the lens includes the full-band spectrum visible to the naked eye. In this embodiment, all the light is divided into three bands according to the three primary colors of red, green and blue, respectively The sub-ray 101, the second sub-ray 102 and the third sub-ray 103, the imaging lens converges the light onto the dichroic prism, wherein the two paths of light are coated with the first optical reflective surface 202 and the second optical reflective surface 203 by 45 ° angle reflection, and the other way is direct projection. In this way, the light coming in from the lens is divided into three beams of red, green and blue by the beam splitting prism 201 in the beam splitting system and projected into three directions.

Finally there is the monochrome sensor set of the unit. The left side, the right side and the bottom of the dichroic prism 201 contain a monochromatic sensor, respectively the first sensor 301, the second sensor 302 and the third sensor 303, and each is equipped with a circuit board fixing device respectively corresponding to the first fixing device 304, the second fixing device 305 and the third fixing device 306, and when there is no suitable monochrome sensor available, a black and white sensor can be used instead, and it is only necessary to translate the image of the corresponding color channel according to the corresponding color. Each imaging pixel of a traditional color sensor contains 4 sub-pixels, which are 2 red, 1 green and 1 blue, totaling 4 photosensitive points. In this case, since the light is divided into three independent parts of red, green and blue by the spectroscopic system, namely: the first sub-ray 101 , the second sub-ray 102 and the third sub-ray 103 respectively represent the spectrum of the three primary colors of red, green and blue. Each sensor only needs to be sensitive to the light of the corresponding color band. Therefore, it is designed as a monochrome sensor, and the three sensors are only sensitive to red, green and blue respectively. The 4 pixels of each pixel can be unified into a photosensitive point of one color.

The advantages of this embodiment include two points: first, without increasing the lens and the amount of light entering the lens, the number of sensors is changed from one to three, which is equivalent to a three-fold increase in the number of sensors Area, in the case of synthetic imaging, regardless of the increase in the sensitivity of the sensor, simply increasing the area of the sensor increases the sensitivity by about 3 times. Second, on the color sensor, each pixel is divided into several sub-pixels, and each pixel is only sensitive to the light of the corresponding color band, and the utilization rate of light energy is only 1/3 of the normal one. In this embodiment, the four pixels of each pixel of each sensor are only sensitive to light of the same color, and the energy utilization rate is close to 100%. In this way, it is superior to the traditional color imaging structure 3 in terms of energy utilization efficiency. Generally speaking, the sensitivity of this embodiment can be increased up to 9 times compared with the traditional camera. The optimization effect of 9 times can be used to enhance the image resolution under normal brightness, or enhance the brightness of the picture under low light. Since any optical system cannot achieve 100% efficiency, in the actual application process, the present invention cannot achieve the theoretical best results on . However, even if the light loss of the optical system reaches 20%, the actual effect is 6~7 times stronger than the current system, and the light loss of the prism can be easily controlled within 20%. The light loss of the dichroic prism 201 can be easily controlled within 20%.

Embodiment 2 As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, considering the influence of infrared light on imaging color, this embodiment adds an additional reflective infrared filter under the lens, and further divides the light into four sub-rays according to the wavelength, corresponding to Near infrared band, red band, green band and blue band. And arrange a sensor for each sub-ray.

Specifically as shown in Figure 3, the lens includes a complete housing 1, assembly threads, rear focus adjustment screw and other standard lens components, and the lens also includes a lens group 2, which is a combination of several lenses. Large back focus lens, the back focus distance is greater than or equal to 15mm, so that there is enough space to arrange optical devices and sensors to build a spectroscopic system.

The spectroscopic system includes a reflective filter 403, filter fixing device I 401, and filter fixing device II 402, which are arranged between the lens and the beam splitting prism 201. The reflective filter 403 is specifically a reflective infrared filter, and its reflective surface and The main optical axis of the lens is at an angle of 45°, and the cut-off wavelength of the reflective infrared filter is controlled between 650nm and 700nm. 405 receiving and imaging. The reflective infrared filter can be a planar infrared filter or a cubic infrared filter. Planar filters can save costs, but require additional adjustment of the optical path for focusing. The cubic infrared filter does not need to adjust the focus of the optical path, and the design is more convenient.

The spectroscopic system also includes the same spectroscopic prism 201 as in Embodiment 1, which divides visible light into three beams of sub-rays: red light (with a central wavelength of 630nm), blue light (with a central wavelength of 450nm), and green light (with a central wavelength of 530nm). The three directions are emitted and received by the corresponding monochromatic sensors respectively. The spectroscopic system divides the visible light part of the incident light into three wavebands according to the three primary colors of red, green and blue. The first sub-ray 101, the second sub-ray 102 and the third sub-ray The light 103 respectively represents the three primary color spectrums of red, green and blue, and the incident light is separated into a fourth sub-light 104 by a reflective infrared filter, which represents the infrared spectrum.

This embodiment includes four sensors, namely a first sensor 301 , a second sensor 302 , a third sensor 303 and a fourth sensor 405 . The first sensor 301, the second sensor 302, and the third sensor 303 are monochromatic sensors for the red, green, and blue primary light rays of the first sub-ray 101, the second sub-ray 102, and the third sub-ray 103, respectively. The fourth sensor 405 It is an infrared sensor specially used for receiving the fourth sub-ray 104 for infrared imaging. And when there is no suitable monochrome sensor available, a black and white sensor can be used instead, and it is only necessary to translate the image of the corresponding color channel according to the corresponding color. At the same time, the first sensor 301, the second sensor 302, the third sensor 303 and the fourth sensor 405 are equipped with a circuit board fixing device respectively corresponding to the first fixing device 304, the second fixing device 305, the third fixing device 306, and the fourth fixing device. device 404 .

The advantage of this embodiment is that while increasing the utilization rate of imaging light, additional imaging processing is performed on infrared rays, and image brightness can be additionally increased through image algorithms without affecting color reproduction, which is very suitable for use in low light or for High-speed, high-resolution capture. At the same time, since multi-channel imaging is carried out according to the spectrum, there are more optional applications for image post-processing, which can be applied to various technologies, such as the more advanced devitrification technology.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of light splitting photographic device, the camera lens part constituted including shell (1) and lens set (2) and other standard lens components Point, it is characterised in that: the device further includes

--- it is placed in the shell (1) and is mounted on prism fixing device (204) incident ray is divided into multiple tracks not With the Amici prism (201) of wave band sub-light line；The Amici prism (201) is cube, is spliced by several prisms；

--- be placed in the shell (1) and be looped around around the Amici prism (201) for receiving different-waveband sub-light The quantity of the sensor of line, the sensor is identical as the quantity of sub-light line.

2. a kind of light splitting photographic device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the back focal length of the lens set (2) is greater than Equal to 15mm.

3. a kind of light splitting photographic device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sensor is monochromatic sensor, is passed The pixel of each pixel of sensor is the sensitivity speck of same color.

4. a kind of light splitting photographic device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lens set (2) and the light splitting rib Reflective filter plate (403) are equipped between mirror (201), one end of the reflective filter plate (403) passes through the fixed device I of filter plate (401) it is connected with the Amici prism (201), the other end passes through filter plate fixed device II (402) and the lens set (2) It is connected.

5. a kind of light splitting photographic device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: be equipped with infrared light in the shell (1) and pass Sensor.

6. a kind of light splitting photographic device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Amici prism (201) includes first Optical reflection face (202) and the second optical reflection face (203), and first optical reflection face (202) and second optics Reflecting surface (203) intersection.

7. a kind of light splitting photographic device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: first optical reflection face (202) packet Include the first filming plane (G1) and the second plating membrane plane (G2).

8. a kind of light splitting photographic device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: second optical reflection face (203) packet Include third plating membrane plane (B1) and the 4th plating membrane plane (B2).