CN110376669A - A kind of cube Amici prism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cubic dichroic prism, which is formed by gluing several sub-prisms of the same material with different shapes, and a plurality of gluing surfaces are arranged inside, and the gluing surfaces on the same plane are combined to form a reflection surface. The present invention can realize up to 5-way light splitting or light combining operations, is applicable to more complex optical systems, and can also bring more ideas to optical design.

Description

A Cube Beamsplitter Prism

technical field

The invention relates to a prism, in particular to a cubic dichroic prism.

Background technique

Using a prism to split a beam of light or to combine multiple beams of light is a commonly used method in optics at present. The main body of light splitting is the surface film system that forms various light-splitting functions, and the cubic prism is an effective carrier for various functional films. The biggest advantage of using prisms for splitting light is that it can ensure that the beams in all directions after splitting have equal optical paths.

The current cubic beamsplitter prism can realize two-way and three-way light splitting and light combining operations. The two-way beam splitting prism is made of two split prisms glued together, and the glued surface is coated to form the beam splitting surface. The three-way beam-splitting prism is also called X prism and dichroic beam-splitting prism. It is made of four triangular prisms glued together to form two X-shaped cross-splitting surfaces. It can realize red, green, and blue three-way light splitting or combining, and is widely used in projection. Three-color light fusion in the instrument.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cubic dichroic prism capable of realizing more and more complicated light splitting or light combining operations.

In order to solve the above problems, a kind of cubic dichroic prism according to the present invention is characterized in that: the prism is formed by gluing sub-prisms of different shapes of the same material, and several gluing surfaces are arranged inside it, and the prisms on the same plane The glued surfaces combine to form a reflective surface.

The sub-prisms are composed of a total of 14 quadrangular pyramid sub-prisms, special-shaped pyramid sub-prisms and triangular pyramid sub-prisms.

There are two quadrangular pyramid sub-prisms.

There are four special-shaped prisms.

There are 8 sub-prisms of the triangular pyramid.

There are four reflective surfaces.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

In the present invention, the cubic prism is further divided into 14 small prisms, and then an optical functional film is coated on a specific surface, and then the 14 sub-prisms are glued together again in order to form a cubic prism, so that a maximum of 5 small prisms can be realized. Light splitting or combined light operation. Redesign and optimize the splitter prism, the structure becomes complex but more functions can be combined, it is suitable for more complex optical systems, and it can also bring more ideas for optical design.

Description of drawings

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the geometry of the quadrangular pyramid sub-prism of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the geometry of the special-shaped prism of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the geometry of the triangular pyramid sub-prism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the combination relationship of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an effect diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a detailed diagram of the combination relationship of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an optical schematic diagram of light splitting in the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an optical schematic diagram of light combining in the present invention.

In the figure: 001—square pyramid sub-prism; 002—special-shaped pyramid sub-prism; 003—triangular pyramid sub-prism.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 8, a cubic dichroic prism has a cubic structure. The prism is formed by gluing several sub-prisms of different shapes of the same material. There are several gluing surfaces inside, and the gluing surfaces on the same plane are combined to form Reflective surface. There are 4 reflective surfaces, which can divide one beam of incident light into five beams to be emitted, or combine five beams of incident light into one beam to be emitted.

Among them: the sub-prisms are composed of 14 pieces in total including quadrangular pyramid sub-prism 001, special-shaped pyramid sub-prism 002 and triangular pyramid sub-prism 003.

The quadrangular pyramid sub-prism 001 is 2 pieces. There are 4 special-shaped prisms 002. Triangular pyramid sub-prism 003 is 8 pieces.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the quadrangular pyramid sub-prism 001 has five vertices A ₁ , B ₁ , C ₁ , D ₁ and E ₁ . The bottom surface is composed of vertices A ₁ , B ₁ , C ₁ and D ₁ to form a square whose side length is equal to the length of the whole cube prism. The remaining four faces are composed of four congruent isosceles triangles, which are face A ₁ B ₁ E ₁ , face B ₁ C ₁ E ₁ , face C ₁ D ₁ E ₁ and face A ₁ D ₁ E ₁ . Dihedral angle ∠E ₁ - A ₁ B ₁ - D ₁ C ₁ =∠E ₁ - A ₁ D ₁ - B ₁ C ₁ =∠E ₁ - D ₁ C ₁ - A ₁ B ₁ =∠E ₁ - B ₁ C ₁ - A ₁ D ₁ =45°.

As shown in Figure 2, the special-shaped prism 002 includes five vertices and six triangular planes. Surface A ₂ B ₂ E ₂ and surface A ₂ D ₂ E ₂ are two isosceles right triangles with right angles ∠A ₂ B ₂ E ₂ and ∠A ₂ D ₂ E ₂ . The plane intersection line is A ₂ E ₂ , the length is equal to the edge length of the cubic prism, and the dihedral angle is 90°. The remaining four faces consist of four congruent right triangles, namely △A ₂ B ₂ C ₂ , △A ₂ C ₂ D ₂ , △E ₂ B ₂ C ₂ and △E ₂ C ₂ D ₂ , △ The right-angle sides of A ₂ B ₂ C ₂ are A ₂ B ₂ and B ₂ C ₂ respectively, and ∠B ₂ A ₂ C ₂ ≈35.26°. △A ₂ B ₂ C ₂ and △A ₂ C ₂ D ₂ share the hypotenuse A ₂ C ₂ , and △E ₂ B ₂ C ₂ share the right-angled side B ₂ C ₂ ; △E ₂ C ₂ D ₂ and △E ₂ B ₂ C ₂ shares hypotenuse C ₂ E ₂ , and △A ₂ C ₂ D ₂ shares right-angled side C ₂ D ₂ .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the triangular pyramid sub-prism 003 is composed of four vertices A ₃ , B ₃ , C ₃ and E ₃ and includes four triangular planes. The bottom surface △A ₃ B ₃ C ₃ is an isosceles triangle, the length A ₃ B ₃ =A ₃ C ₃ , ∠A ₃ C ₃ B ₃ =∠A ₃ B ₃ C ₃ ≈54.74°. △A ₃ E ₃ C ₃ and △B ₃ E ₃ A ₃ are congruent, they are right triangles, and the sides are A ₃ E ₃ , E ₃ C ₃ and E ₃ B ₃ . ∠A ₃ C ₃ E ₃ =A ₃ B ₃ E ₃ ≈35.26°. △B ₃ C ₃ E ₃ is an isosceles right triangle, and the length of B ₃ C ₃ is equal to the edge length of the cubic prism. The plane A ₃ E ₃ C ₃ , the plane B ₃ E ₃ A ₃ and the plane B ₃ C ₃ E ₃ are perpendicular to each other.

The combination relationship of the cubic beamsplitter prism is shown in Figure 4, which can be divided into five layers from top to bottom. The first layer of prism group (1.1) contains 1 square pyramid sub-prism 001, followed by the second layer of prism group (2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4) containing 4 special-shaped prism prisms 002, and the third layer of prism group ( 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4) contains 4 triangular pyramid sub-prisms 003, the fourth prism group (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) contains 4 special-shaped prism prisms 002 and finally the fifth prism group (5.1) contains 1 piece of quadrangular pyramid sub-prism 001. The glued part includes forty-eight triangular planes divided into 24 groups, which are glued together in groups of two to form a three-dimensional perspective effect as shown in Figure 5, and the final effect is shown in Figure 6.

In order to further explain the present invention in detail, three kinds of fourteen sub-prisms totaling 14 sub-prisms of quadrangular pyramid sub-prism 001, special-shaped prism sub-prism 002 and triangular pyramid sub-prism 003 are cut along a certain vertex respectively to form a sectional view, and all Surface numbers, every two surfaces are divided into one group for gluing, as shown in Figure 7, 24 groups of glued surfaces are: surface 2-surface 34, surface 3-surface 38, surface 4-surface 45, surface 5-surface 42 , Surface 49-surface 31, surface 34-surface 46, surface 45-surface 13, surface 16-surface 38, surface 37-surface 25, surface 28-surface 42, surface 41-surface 19, surface 22-surface 50, surface 58-surface 20, surface 21-surface 65, surface 66-surface 32, surface 33-surface 61, surface 62-surface 14, surface 15-surface 53, surface 54-surface 26, surface 27-surface 57, surface 9- Surface 63, surface 10-surface 59, surface 7-surface 51, surface 8-surface 55.

The glued prism contains 2 sets of intersecting X-shaped reflective surfaces, totaling 4 split reflective surfaces (surface ABGH, surface DCFE, surface ADGF and surface BCHE), and the 4 reflective surfaces are all formed by gluing: surface 13, Surface 35, surface 28, surface 58, surface 9, surface 61 and surface 45, surface 5, surface 42, surface 20, surface 63, surface 33 are glued to form the first reflective surface; by surface 34, surface 47, surface 19, surface 57, surface 7, surface 62 and surface 46, surface 3, surface 41, surface 27, surface 51, surface 14 are glued to form the second reflection surface; surface 25, surface 39, surface 22, surface 66, surface 10, surface 53 and Surface 37, surface 2, surface 50, surface 32, surface 59, and surface 15 are glued together to form the third reflection surface; 49. The surface 21, the surface 55, and the surface 26 are glued together to form a fourth reflective surface. Others, face 1 forms the first optical incident surface on the upper surface of the standard cubic prism; face 40, face 24, face 17, and face 56 form the first side surface of the standard cubic prism to form the first optical exit face; face 48, face 18, Face 29, face 64 form the second side surface of standard cubic prism to form the second exit surface; Face 64, face 11, face 30, and face 60 form the third side surface of standard cubic prism to form the third optical exit surface; Face 36, face 12 , surface 23, and surface 52 form the fourth side surface of the standard cubic prism to form the fourth optical exit surface; surface 6 forms the bottom surface of the standard cubic prism to form the fifth optical exit surface. The above combinations form a beam splitting cube prism, which can split a beam of incident light into up to five beams of light, which are emitted from the five surfaces of the cube. Reversing the roles of the incident surface and the reflective surface, a light-combining cube prism is formed, which can synthesize a beam of light incident from five directions at most, and emit it from the exit surface.

In this embodiment, the first reflective surface is coated with a blue optical reflective film, with a center wavelength of 450nm, a bandwidth of 30nm, an incident angle of 45°, and a maximum reflectivity >90%; the second reflective surface is coated with a green reflective film, with a center wavelength of 530nm. The bandwidth is 30nm, the incident angle is 45°, the maximum reflectivity is >90%; the third reflective surface is coated with yellow reflective film, the center wavelength is 590nm, the bandwidth is 30nm, the incident angle is 45°, the maximum reflectivity is >90%; the fourth reflective surface is coated with Red reflective film, center wavelength 650nm, bandwidth 50nm, incident angle 45°, maximum reflectivity >90%. The incident light is a standard light source with a color temperature of 6500K, incident from the first incident surface. The fifth emitting surface emits white light, and the other four emitting surfaces respectively emit blue light, green light, yellow light and red light. The standard cubic prism in this embodiment can also be used to combine light rays with corresponding wavelengths. Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 show the optical schematic diagrams of light splitting or light combining of the prism. The direction of the arrow indicates the propagation direction of the light. The two figures respectively divide a beam of light into five beams and combine five beams of light into one beam.

Claims (6)

1. A cubic dichroic prism, characterized in that: the prism is glued together by some sub-prisms of different shapes of the same material, and its inside is provided with some glued surfaces, and the glued surfaces on the same plane are combined to form reflective surfaces. 2. A cubic dichroic prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sub-prisms are composed of fourteen sub-prisms in total including quadrangular pyramid sub-prisms (001), special-shaped pyramid sub-prisms (002) and triangular pyramid sub-prisms (003). constitute. 3. A cubic dichroic prism according to claim 2, characterized in that there are two quadrangular pyramid sub-prisms (001). 4. A cubic dichroic prism according to claim 2, characterized in that there are 4 pieces of the special-shaped prisms (002). 5. A cubic dichroic prism according to claim 2, characterized in that there are eight triangular pyramid sub-prisms (003). 6. A cubic dichroic prism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that there are four reflecting surfaces.