CN110371186A - A kind of integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly, working method and multifunction operation vehicle elevation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated chassis four-wheel steering device, a working method and a multifunctional work vehicle: comprising a front steering booster oil cylinder, a rear steering booster oil cylinder, a first solenoid valve, a booster valve, a reversing valve, and a second solenoid valve. The front power steering cylinder and the two piston rods of the front power steering cylinder are respectively connected to the steering knuckle of the front wheel system, the two piston rods of the rear power steering cylinder are respectively connected to the steering knuckle of the rear wheel system, and the piston rod of the front power steering cylinder is also connected to the Steering device; the E oil port of the front steering power cylinder is connected to the A port of the reversing valve and the J oil port of the booster valve through the first solenoid valve, and the F oil port of the front steering power cylinder is connected to the reversing valve through the second solenoid valve. The B oil port, the K oil port of the booster valve, and the P oil port of the booster valve are connected to the hydraulic oil source; the C oil port and the D oil port of the reversing valve are respectively connected to the G oil port and the H oil port of the rear steering power cylinder. The present invention can realize three steering modes, and the switching of the above steering modes is realized by controlling the solenoid valve.

Description

An integrated chassis four-wheel steering device, working method and multifunctional work vehicle

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of multifunctional work vehicles, in particular to an integrated chassis four-wheel steering device, a working method and a multifunctional work vehicle.

Background technique

The front of the multi-purpose work vehicle can be equipped with various types of working devices, such as buckets, forks, and rotary tillage devices. The steering function of the multi-function work vehicle determines the passing performance and maneuverability of the work vehicle to a certain extent. The chassis of the multi-function work vehicle is divided into two types: one-piece and separate. During the steering process, the center of gravity will be shifted to the turning radius, which will affect its load-carrying performance and even cause the car to roll over.

Therefore, work vehicles that have strict requirements on load capacity usually use an integrated chassis. In order to solve the steering problem of the work vehicle with an integrated chassis, four-wheel steering is usually used in the prior art to improve the steering performance of the multi-function work vehicle. However, the function of the wheel steering device in the prior art is relatively single, and usually adopts a mechanical linkage linkage. For example, the patent No. "2015108527050" discloses a linkage four-wheel steering system, which has a certain effect on the passing performance of the chassis. In actual use, only four wheels can be steered at the same time, but in fact, the four-wheel steering function does not need to be turned on all the time.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated chassis four-wheel steering device, a working method and a multifunctional work vehicle, which solves the technical problem that the four-wheel steering mode of the multifunctional work vehicle in the prior art is too single.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An integrated chassis four-wheel steering device, characterized in that it includes a front steering booster cylinder, a rear steering booster cylinder, a first solenoid valve, a booster valve, a reversing valve, and a second solenoid valve. The inner diameters of the steering power cylinder piston cylinders are the same, and both sides of the piston are provided with piston rods with the same diameter. The two piston rods are respectively connected to the steering knuckle of the rear wheel system, and the piston rod of the front steering power cylinder is also connected to the steering device;

The E port of the front steering power cylinder is connected to the A port of the reversing valve and the J port of the booster valve through the first solenoid valve, and the F port of the front steering power cylinder is connected to the reversing valve through the second solenoid valve The B port of the booster valve, the K port of the booster valve, and the P port of the booster valve is connected to the hydraulic oil source;

The C oil port and the D oil port of the reversing valve are respectively connected to the G oil port and the H oil port of the rear steering power cylinder.

Preferably, the aforementioned one-piece chassis four-wheel steering device is characterized in that: the front power steering cylinder, the reversing valve and the rear power steering cylinder are connected by hard pipes.

Preferably, the aforementioned integrated chassis four-wheel steering device is characterized in that it also includes a V-shaped centering fork, the piston rod of the rear steering power cylinder is also provided with a V-shaped centering ring, and the V-shaped centering fork A drive device for driving the V-shaped centering fork to be connected or disconnected from the V-shaped centering ring is also connected.

Preferably, the aforementioned one-piece chassis four-wheel steering device is characterized in that: the driving device is a centering oil cylinder, the rodless chamber of the centering oil cylinder is provided with a spring, and the oil rod chamber of the centering oil cylinder is connected to Hydraulic oil source.

Preferably, the aforementioned integrated chassis four-wheel steering device is characterized in that it further includes a position sensor for detecting the position of the V-shaped centering ring. The position sensor is connected to the centering cylinder control device.

Preferably, the aforementioned integrated chassis four-wheel steering device is characterized in that: the piston rods of the front steering power cylinder and the rear steering power cylinder are connected to the steering knuckle of the front wheel system and the steering wheel of the rear wheel system through an intermediate link. Festival.

Preferably, the aforementioned integrated chassis four-wheel steering device is characterized in that: the steering device includes a steering rack connected to the piston rod of the front power steering cylinder, and a steering rack meshed with the steering rack, the steering gear is connected to steering wheel.

A working method of an integrated chassis four-wheel steering device, characterized in that:

When only the front wheel system is turning, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are in the closed state, the J port and the K port of the booster valve are respectively connected to the E port and the F port of the front steering power cylinder, and the rear The wheel system is in the centered state;

When both the front wheel system and the rear wheel system are in the steering state, and the steering directions of the front wheel system and the rear wheel system are the same, one of the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve connected to the oil return chamber of the front steering power cylinder is in conduction. state, the other is in the oil return state, the A port of the reversing valve is connected to the C port and the B port is connected to the D port;

When both the front wheel system and the rear wheel system are in the steering state, and the steering directions of the front wheel system and the rear wheel system are opposite, one of the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve connected to the oil return chamber of the front steering power cylinder is in conduction. State, the other is in the oil return state, the A port of the reversing valve is connected to the D port and the B port is connected to the C port.

A multifunctional work vehicle is characterized in that it is provided with the aforementioned integrated chassis four-wheel steering device.

The beneficial effect achieved by the present invention: the present invention can realize independent steering of the front wheels, synchronous steering of the front and rear wheels in one direction, and synchronous steering of the front and rear wheels in the opposite direction by means of two power steering cylinders and hydraulic circuits and the electric control technology of the solenoid valve. Three steering modes improve the overall handling performance, passing performance and mobility of the vehicle. In practical applications, the solenoid valve control device can be used to control the working logic of each solenoid valve to realize the switching of the above steering modes.

The switch of the steering mode of the present invention is connected by means of a hydraulic circuit. Compared with the mechanical linkage technology in the prior art, the hydraulic circuit connection can increase the height of the chassis and improve the passing performance, and the hydraulic circuit connection is more conducive to the layout of the entire chassis. .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram one of the present invention (only front wheel steering);

Fig. 2 is the overall schematic diagram two of the present invention (the front wheel and the rear wheel turn to the same);

Fig. 3 is the overall schematic diagram three of the present invention (the front wheel and the rear wheel turn oppositely);

Meanings of reference signs: 1-front wheel system; 2-rear wheel system; 3-front steering power cylinder; 4-rear steering power cylinder; 5-V-type centering fork; 6-first solenoid valve; 7-assist Valve; 8-reversing valve; 9-second solenoid valve; 31-steering rack; 32-steering gear; 41-V-type centering ring; 42-position sensor; 51-centering cylinder; 10-middle connecting rod.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1: this embodiment discloses an integrated chassis four-wheel steering device: including a front steering booster cylinder 3, a rear steering booster cylinder 4, a first solenoid valve 6, a booster valve 7, a reversing valve 8, a Two solenoid valves 9, both sides of the front steering power cylinder 3 and rear steering power cylinder 4 pistons are provided with piston rods with the same diameter, and the two piston rods of the front power steering cylinder 3 are respectively connected to the steering knuckle of the front wheel system 1, and the rear The two piston rods of the power steering cylinder 4 are respectively connected to the knuckles of the rear wheel system 2, and the piston rods of the front power steering cylinder 3 are also connected to the steering device.

The E port of the front steering power cylinder 3 is connected to the A port of the reversing valve 8 and the J port of the booster valve 7 through the first electromagnetic valve 6, and the F port of the front steering power cylinder 3 is connected to the switching valve through the second solenoid valve 9. Connect the B port of the valve 8, the K port of the booster valve 7, and the P port of the booster valve 7 to the hydraulic oil source;

The C oil port and the D oil port of the reversing valve 8 are respectively connected with the G oil port and the H oil port of the rear steering power cylinder 4 .

In this embodiment, the front steering power cylinder 3, the reversing valve 8 and the rear steering power cylinder 4 are preferably connected by hard pipes. The so-called hard pipe connection refers to the connection through metal hydraulic pipes, which can reduce the overall expansion ratio of the hydraulic circuit. , to achieve the purpose of precise steering.

This embodiment also includes a V-shaped centering fork 5, the piston rod of the rear steering power cylinder 4 is also provided with a V-shaped centering ring 41, and the V-shaped centering fork 5 is also connected to drive the V-shaped centering fork 5 and the V-shaped centering fork. The driving device that middle ring 41 connects or disengages. Specifically, the driving device of this embodiment preferably centers the cylinder 51, and the rodless cavity of the centering cylinder 51 is provided with a spring. In the absence of hydraulic pressure, the V-shaped centering fork 5 can block the V-shaped centering fork 5 under the pressure of the spring. For the centering ring 41, when the rear wheel is required to turn, the oil rod cavity of the centering oil cylinder 51 is connected to the hydraulic oil source, and the spring is compressed, so that the V-type centering fork 5 and the V-type centering ring 41 are disengaged.

In order to ensure the accurate combination of the V-shaped centering fork 5 and the V-shaped centering ring 41, this embodiment also includes a position sensor 42 for detecting the position of the V-shaped centering ring 41. The position sensor 42 is connected to the control device of the centering oil cylinder 51 to ensure that the V-shaped centering fork 5 can block the V-shaped centering ring 41 when it stretches out.

Specifically, the piston rods of the front steering assist cylinder 3 and the rear steering assist cylinder 4 are connected to the steering knuckle of the front wheel system 1 and the steering knuckle of the rear wheel system 2 through the intermediate connecting rod 10 . The existence of the intermediate connecting rod 10 enables the front steering power cylinder 3 and the rear steering power cylinder 4 to be fixed on the chassis, so that when the steering knuckle rotates, the distance between the power cylinder and the front wheel system and the rear wheel system 2 needs to be adjusted to increase its strength and stability.

Specifically, the steering device in this embodiment includes a steering rack 31 connected to the piston rod of the front steering power cylinder 3 , and a steering rack 32 meshed with the steering rack 31 , and the steering rack 32 is connected to the steering wheel.

This embodiment also specifically discloses the working method of adopting the above-mentioned one-piece chassis four-wheel steering device, which will be explained one by one in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figure 1: when only the steering of the front wheel system 1 is required, the first solenoid valve 6 and the second solenoid valve 9 are in the closed state, and the J port and the K port of the booster valve 7 are respectively connected to the front steering power assist. The E oil port and F oil port of the oil cylinder 3 and the rear wheel system 2 are in the centering state, that is, the combination of the V-shaped centering fork 5 and the V-shaped centering ring 41 ensures that the rear wheels are in the centering state. The status is through the mechanical clamping, so it is more reliable. At this moment, the whole chassis is equivalent to the front wheel steering. The electric control end of the booster valve 7 is connected to a steering detection device (belonging to the prior art).

When the steering rack 31 is driven to reciprocate through the steering gear 32, the booster valve 7 adjusts the conduction state of the P port, the J port, and the K port according to the steering wheel to realize steering assist. For example, when turning left, the front steering When assisting the leftward movement of cylinder 3, P is connected to K, and F is connected to T port for oil return.

In some application places, the entire vehicle needs to move in one direction. When the front wheel system 1 and the rear wheel system 2 are both in the steering state, and the steering direction of the front wheel system 1 and the rear wheel system 2 is the same, the first solenoid valve 6 1. Among the second solenoid valve 9, one (solenoid valve) connected to the oil return cavity of the front steering power cylinder 3 is in the conduction state, the other (solenoid valve) is in the oil return state, and the A oil port of the reversing valve 8 is in conduction state. The D oil port and the B oil port are connected to the C oil port.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2: the front wheel system 1 and the rear wheel system 2 are in the same steering state, assuming that the steering direction is the direction of the arrow in Figure 2, the A oil port of the reversing valve 8 is connected to the C oil port and port B is connected to port D; in this state, the piston rods of the front power steering cylinder 3 and the piston rod of the rear power steering cylinder 4 move in opposite directions, and when the piston rod of the front power steering cylinder 3 moves to the left, The hydraulic oil source P enters the oil port F and the oil port G (through the BC channel of the reversing valve 8) through the oil port K in turn, and the oil in the E port enters through the first solenoid valve 6 and the reversing valve 8 in turn. To the G oil port of the rear steering power cylinder 4, the oil in the H oil port of the rear steering power cylinder 4 enters the oil return port T of the second solenoid valve 9 through the reversing valve 8 to realize the oil return. In the above process, The amount of oil flowing out of the E oil port (connected to the oil return chamber of the front power steering cylinder 3) is equal to the inflow of the G oil port, because the inner diameters of the piston cylinders of the front power steering cylinder 3 and the rear power steering cylinder 4 are the same, and the pistons Piston rods with the same diameter are provided on both sides, so that under the premise of the same flow rate, the movement distance of the two power steering cylinders is equal, that is to say, the steering angle of the front wheel system 1 and the rear wheel system 2 can be guaranteed to be the same.

When the whole vehicle needs to turn sharply in a short distance, the front wheels and the rear wheels need to turn in two opposite directions at the same time. The difference lies in the conduction of the reversing valve 8 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , when both the front wheel system 1 and the rear wheel system 2 are in a steering state, and the steering directions of the front wheel system 1 and the rear wheel system 2 are opposite. Taking the direction of the arrow in Figure 3 as an example, the movement directions of the front steering power cylinder 3 and the rear power steering cylinder 4 are both to the left. At this time, the A port of the reversing valve 8 is connected to the D port and the B port is connected to the C oil port and E oil port are connected to oil port H through the reversing valve 8. Similarly, the oil in the G oil port of the rear steering power cylinder 4 enters the oil return port T of the second solenoid valve 9 through the reversing valve 8 , to achieve oil return.

In the process of the above-mentioned four-wheel steering, due to the reason of the hydraulic circuit, even if the steering range of the front wheel system 1 and the rear wheel system 2 is slightly different, it will not affect the steering performance of the whole vehicle.

With the help of two steering booster cylinders and hydraulic circuits, the present invention cooperates with the electric control technology of the solenoid valve to realize the independent steering of the front wheels, the synchronous steering of the front and rear wheels in one direction, and the synchronous steering of the front and rear wheels in opposite directions, thereby improving the overall handling performance of the vehicle. Through performance and mobility, in practical applications, the operation logic of each solenoid valve can be controlled by the solenoid valve control device to realize the switching of the above steering modes.

The switch of the steering mode of the present invention is connected by means of a hydraulic circuit. Compared with the mechanical linkage technology in the prior art, the hydraulic circuit connection can increase the height of the chassis and improve the passing performance, and the hydraulic circuit connection is more conducive to the layout of the entire chassis. .

This embodiment also discloses a multifunctional work vehicle, which is provided with the above-mentioned integrated chassis four-wheel steering device of this embodiment.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly, it is characterised in that: including front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3), rear steering power-assisted Oil cylinder (4), the first solenoid valve (6), booster valve (7), reversal valve (8), second solenoid valve (9), the front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3), the internal diameter of rear steering power-assisted oil cylinder (4) piston cylinder is identical, and the two sides of piston are equipped with the identical piston rod of diameter, described Two piston rods of front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3) are separately connected the knuckle of front wheel system (1), the rear steering power-assisted oil cylinder (4) two piston rods are separately connected the knuckle of rear wheel system (2), and the piston rod of the front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3) also connects Connect transfer；

A hydraulic fluid port, the booster valve that the E hydraulic fluid port of the front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3) passes through the first solenoid valve (6) connection reversal valve (8) (7) J hydraulic fluid port, the F hydraulic fluid port of the front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3) by the B hydraulic fluid port of second solenoid valve (9) connection reversal valve (8), The P hydraulic fluid port of the K hydraulic fluid port of booster valve (7), the booster valve (7) connects hydraulic oil source；

C hydraulic fluid port, the D hydraulic fluid port of the reversal valve (8) are separately connected the G hydraulic fluid port of rear steering power-assisted oil cylinder (4), H hydraulic fluid port.

2. a kind of integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the front steering power-assisted It is connected between oil cylinder (3), reversal valve (8) and rear steering power-assisted oil cylinder (4) by hard tube.

3. a kind of integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include V-type centering It pitches (5), the piston rod of the rear steering power-assisted oil cylinder (4) is additionally provided with V-type to middle ring (41), and the V-type centering fork (5) is also connected with The driving device that middle ring (41) are connected or are disengaged for driving V-shaped centering fork (5) and V-type.

4. a kind of integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the driving device is Centering oil cylinder (51), the rodless cavity of the centering oil cylinder (51) are equipped with spring, and the beam hanger chamber of the centering oil cylinder (51) connects liquid Pressure oil source.

5. a kind of integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that: further include being used for V-type is detected to the position sensor (42) of middle ring (41) position, when after circulation timing, the V-type is to middle ring (41) trigger position Sensor (42), the position sensor (42) connect centering oil cylinder (51) control device.

6. a kind of integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the front steering power-assisted Oil cylinder (3), rear steering power-assisted oil cylinder (4) piston rod pass through intermediate connecting rod (10) connection front wheel system (1) knuckle, after The knuckle of wheel system (2).

7. a kind of integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the transfer packet The steering rack (31) for being connected to front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3) piston rod, the steering tooth (32) for being engaged in steering rack (31) are included, The steering tooth (32) connects steering wheel.

8. a kind of working method of integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly, it is characterised in that:

When only front wheel system (1) turns to, the first solenoid valve (6), second solenoid valve (9) are in closed state, booster valve (7) J hydraulic fluid port, K hydraulic fluid port be respectively turned on the E hydraulic fluid port in front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3), F hydraulic fluid port, rear wheel system (2) is in centering shape State；

Current gear train system (1), rear wheel system (2) are in steering state, and the steering side of front wheel system (1), rear wheel system (2) To it is identical when, one that front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3) oil back chamber is connected in the first solenoid valve (6), second solenoid valve (9) is in On state, another is in oil return state, and the A hydraulic fluid port conducting of reversal valve (8) is in C hydraulic fluid port and the conducting of B hydraulic fluid port is in D hydraulic fluid port；

Current gear train system (1), rear wheel system (2) are in steering state, and the steering side of front wheel system (1), rear wheel system (2) To it is opposite when, one that front steering power-assisted oil cylinder (3) oil back chamber is connected in the first solenoid valve (6), second solenoid valve (9) is in On state, another is in oil return state, and the A hydraulic fluid port conducting of reversal valve (8) is in D hydraulic fluid port and the conducting of B hydraulic fluid port is in C hydraulic fluid port.

9. a kind of multifunction operation vehicle elevation, it is characterised in that: equipped with one kind described in claim 1 to claim 7 any one Integral type chassis four-wheel steering assembly.