CN110360054B - Air compression type wind power generation system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Air compression type wind power generation system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110360054B CN110360054B CN201910645794.XA CN201910645794A CN110360054B CN 110360054 B CN110360054 B CN 110360054B CN 201910645794 A CN201910645794 A CN 201910645794A CN 110360054 B CN110360054 B CN 110360054B
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
- F03D9/17—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing energy in pressurised fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L27/00—Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement
- F16L27/08—Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement allowing adjustment or movement only about the axis of one pipe
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L27/00—Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement
- F16L27/08—Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement allowing adjustment or movement only about the axis of one pipe
- F16L27/0804—Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement allowing adjustment or movement only about the axis of one pipe the fluid passing axially from one joint element to another
- F16L27/0808—Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement allowing adjustment or movement only about the axis of one pipe the fluid passing axially from one joint element to another the joint elements extending coaxially for some distance from their point of separation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an air compression type wind power generation system and a control method thereof, which are characterized by comprising the following steps: the power mechanism with blades, the air compression energy storage device and the power generation device are connected in sequence; the main shaft of the power mechanism is connected with an air compressor of the air compression energy storage device through a first gearbox; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the one-way valve; the outlet end of the one-way valve is connected with the inlet end of the air storage tank; the outlet end of the gas storage tank is connected with the inlet end of a variable pressure stabilizing valve; the variable pressure stabilizing valve is connected with the controller; the outlet end of the variable pressure stabilizing valve is connected with a pneumatic motor of the power generation device; the pneumatic motor is connected with the generator through a second gearbox. The variable-speed wind energy generator converts fluctuating wind energy into high-pressure air for energy storage, and controls output through the variable pressure stabilizing valve, so that voltage stabilizing output or peak clipping and valley filling output power generation is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wind power, and particularly relates to an air compression type wind power generation system and a control method thereof.
Background
In a conventional wind power generation facility, a conventional cut-out wind speed is 25m/s, and a cut-in wind speed is generally about 3m/s, so that the wind turbine often stops although wind is produced, and sometimes the wind turbine must stop to protect the wind turbine although the wind speed is high, thereby causing great energy waste.
Meanwhile, due to the unstable characteristic of wind energy which is sometimes absent, sometimes large and sometimes small, if direct grid connection is adopted, the impact on a power grid is large, so that the wind energy control ratio of the power grid generally cannot exceed 10%. In order to improve the proportion of green renewable resources and reduce air pollution, the problem of changing instability into stable output is solved. Because wind energy is unstable energy transfer and is a fluctuation process, the existing scheme for converting the wind energy into mechanical energy or hydraulic energy to output cannot avoid the fluctuation characteristic of output.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a scheme for converting wind energy into air compression energy for storage and outputting power through voltage stabilization by utilizing the characteristic that an air medium has the functions of shock absorption and vibration absorption, thereby obtaining stable electric energy output and realizing peak clipping and valley filling output power generation.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
an air compression wind power generation system, comprising: the power mechanism with blades, the air compression energy storage device and the power generation device are connected in sequence; the main shaft of the power mechanism is connected with an air compressor of the air compression energy storage device through a first gearbox; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the one-way valve; the outlet end of the one-way valve is connected with the inlet end of the air storage tank; the outlet end of the gas storage tank is connected with the inlet end of a variable pressure stabilizing valve; the variable pressure stabilizing valve is connected with the controller; the outlet end of the variable pressure stabilizing valve is connected with a pneumatic motor of the power generation device; the pneumatic motor is connected with the generator through a second gearbox.
Preferably, the wind meter also comprises a wind measuring mechanism and a wind tracker; the air tracing device comprises a rotary joint, a rotary drum, a fixed drum, ring teeth, a rotary motor and a gear, wherein the rotary joint is respectively connected with the outlet end of the air compressor and the inlet end of the one-way valve; the rotating drum is fixed with the first gearbox and the bottom of a housing outside the air compressor; the fixed cylinder is positioned below the rotary cylinder and is fixed with the uppermost end of the tower; the lower end of the rotary drum is sleeved in the fixed drum and is supported by the fixed drum; the ring teeth are fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the rotary drum, and the rotary motor is fixed on the inner wall of the fixed drum; the output shaft of the rotary motor is connected with a gear, and the gear is meshed with the ring gear; the wind measuring mechanism is positioned on the upper side of the rotary drum and is respectively connected with the wind tracking controller with the rotary motor.
Preferably, the rotary joint comprises a rotary head, a hollow shaft, a bearing, a sealing ring, a spring gasket and a clamping table; the inner side of the lower part of the rotating head and the upper part of the hollow shaft are both funnel-shaped and are sleeved with each other, and a funnel-shaped sealing ring is filled between the inner side of the lower part of the rotating head and the upper part of the hollow shaft; a bearing is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the rotating head, and the inner wall of the bearing is attached to the outer wall of the hollow shaft; one end of a spring is fixedly connected below the bearing, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the clamping table through a spring gasket; the clamping table is used as a protruding part fixedly arranged on the hollow shaft and is positioned below the bearing.
Preferably, the air compressor and the one-way valve are divided into a first pipeline and a second pipeline through a diverter valve; a large converter and a small converter are connected in the second pipeline; the size converter comprises a large pneumatic cylinder and a small coaxial pneumatic cylinder; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the small pneumatic cylinder and the inlet end of the one-way valve is connected with the outlet end of the large pneumatic cylinder, or the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the large pneumatic cylinder and the inlet end of the one-way valve is connected with the outlet end of the small pneumatic cylinder.
Preferably, two ends of the gas storage tank are respectively connected with a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are respectively connected with a low-temperature medium storage tank and a high-temperature medium storage tank; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the first heat exchanger, and the inlet end of the pneumatic motor is connected with the second heat exchanger.
Preferably, at least one section of the air storage tank is provided with a pressure stabilizing bin; the surge bin includes: the device comprises an air inlet channel, a pressure stabilizing cabin body and an adjusting cavity; an outlet of the air inlet channel is provided with an air plug and an air nozzle which are matched with each other to communicate with the pressure stabilizing cabin body, and the air plug is sleeved on the movable rod; the adjusting cavity is sealed through an air film, and the movable rod penetrates through the air film and is connected with an output shaft of the stepping motor through an adjusting spring in the adjusting cavity; the pressure stabilizing cabin body is provided with an air outlet.
Preferably, the end part of the blade is provided with a one-way joint which is hinged with a hub at the tail end of the main shaft through a rotating shaft and is limited by a baffle plate; and a brake pad driven by a hydraulic rod is arranged at the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the number of the air compressors is more than 1, and the air compressors are arranged in a multi-stage series connection mode.
And a control method according to the above air compression type wind power generation system, characterized in that: the controller controls the variable pressure maintaining valve to output a given power stably in a given period of time.
And a second control method according to the above air compression type wind power generation system, characterized in that: the controller controls the variable pressure stabilizing valve to improve the output power in the peak period of power utilization, reduce the output power in the valley period of power utilization, and control the total output power and the input power in unit time to keep balance.
The invention and the optimized proposal thereof construct an effective and excellent proposal through a related thought of converting wind energy into air compression energy, convert the wave-motion wind energy into high-pressure air for energy storage, and control the output through a variable pressure stabilizing valve to realize the power generation by stabilizing the pressure output or peak load shifting output.
In the preferred design scheme, the invention also provides an implementation scheme of the wind tracker device which can enable the blades to always face the wind direction; the design scheme of the large and small converters and the voltage stabilizing bin is provided, the cut-in and cut-out range of the wind speed can be greatly expanded, the utilization rate of energy is provided, and the resource waste is reduced; the heat exchanger structure further improves the energy utilization efficiency; a blade bending scheme for enhancing safety in a strong wind state, and the like.
By implementing the invention and the optimized scheme thereof, the performance of the existing wind power generation device can be greatly improved and promoted, and the invention has very high application prospect and market value.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the main structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tower top device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotary joint structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a size converter in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a size converter 1 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the size converter in embodiment 1 of the present invention 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a heat exchanger according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a surge bin in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a bendable blade 1 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a bendable blade according to embodiment 1 of the present invention 2;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a bendable blade in example 1 of the present invention 3;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a bendable blade structure 4 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a bendable blade structure 5 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the main structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
in the figure:
100-a housing; 101-a hub; 102-a blade; 103-a main shaft; 104-a brake; 105-a first gearbox; 106-baffle plate; 107-rotating shaft; 108-blade mounting end; 109-brake pads; 110-hydraulic rod; 111-a fixed end; 1071-spindle nose; 1072-rotating shaft hole;
200-a tower; 201-an air compressor; 202-a rotary joint; 203-branch valve; 204-a first conduit; 205-size converter; 206-a second conduit; 207-one-way valve; 208-a gas storage tank; 209-variable pressure maintaining valve; 210-a controller; 2010-clutch; 2011-second air compressor;
301-a pneumatic motor; 302-a generator; 303-a second gearbox; 304-a battery pack; 305-a grid interface;
401-wind measuring mechanism; 402-a rotating drum; 403-a fixed cylinder; 404-ring of teeth; 405-a rotary motor; 411-a rotating head; 412-a hollow shaft; 413-sealing ring; 414-a bearing; 415-a spring; 416-a spring washer; 417-clamping table;
501-big cylinder piston; 502-a small cylinder piston; 503-sliding bearings; 504-linkage shaft; 505-vat intake; 506-big cylinder air outlet; 507, a small cylinder air outlet; 508-small cylinder air inlet;
601-a first heat exchanger; 602-a second heat exchanger; 603-a low temperature medium storage tank; 604-high temperature medium storage tank;
701-air lock; 702-an air nozzle; 703-air film cushion; 704-gas film; 705-a surge bin body; 706-lower spring holder; 707-upper spring holder; 708-a nut; 709-screw rod; 710-an adjustment spring; 711-adjusting the cavity; 712-step motor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, 2 embodiments are described in detail below:
as shown in fig. 1, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the main structure thereof includes: the power mechanism with the blades 102, the air compression energy storage device and the power generation device are connected in sequence. The main shaft 103 of the power mechanism is connected with an air compressor 201 of an air compression energy storage device through a brake 104 for emergency stop of the blade 102 and a first gearbox 105; the outlet end of the air compressor 201 is connected with the inlet end of the one-way valve 207 through an air flow pipeline; the outlet end of the one-way valve 207 is connected with the inlet end of the air storage tank 208; the outlet end of the air storage tank 208 is connected with the inlet end of a variable pressure stabilizing valve 209; the variable pressure stabilizing valve 209 is connected with the controller 210 for realizing the control of the output power; the outlet end of the variable pressure stabilizing valve 209 is connected with a pneumatic motor 301 of the power generation device; the pneumatic motor 301 is connected to a generator 302 via a second gearbox 303.
The structure converts the energy generated by the power mechanism into air compression energy through the air compressor 201 and stores the air compression energy in the air storage tank 208; the energy in the air storage tank 208 is released controllably through the variable pressure stabilizing valve 209, so that the energy is converted into smooth electric energy.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper structure of the air compression type wind power generation system according to the present embodiment further includes a wind measuring mechanism 401 and a wind tracker. The wind tracker comprises a rotary joint 202 respectively connected with the outlet end of the air compressor 201 and the inlet end of the one-way valve 207, a rotary drum 402, a fixed drum 403, ring teeth 404, a rotary motor 405 and gears; the drum 402 is fixed to the first gearbox 105 and the bottom of the enclosure 100 outside the air compressor 201; the fixed cylinder 403 is positioned below the rotating cylinder 402 and fixed to the uppermost end of the tower 200; the lower end of the rotating cylinder 402 is sleeved in the fixed cylinder 403 and supported by the fixed cylinder 403; the ring teeth 404 are fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the rotating drum 402, and the rotating motor 405 is fixed on the inner wall of the fixed drum 403; the output shaft of the rotary motor 405 is connected to a gear, which is in mesh with the ring gear 404. When the rotary motor 405 rotates, the gear engages with the ring teeth 404 to drive the wind tracker rotating cylinder 402 to rotate. The drive rotation motor 405 may directly use the power provided by the system generator 302.
The wind measuring mechanism 401 is located on the upper side of the revolving drum 402, and is connected to the wind tracking controller 210 respectively with the revolving motor 405, and the wind measuring mechanism 401 may specifically adopt a device that is commonly used in the mesometeorology field in the prior art and can calibrate the current wind direction. The wind measuring mechanism 401 sends wind speed and wind direction signals to the wind following controller 210, the wind following controller 210 controls the rotating motor 405 to rotate by a given angle according to the wind direction, and the gear meshing ring teeth 404 rotate the rotating drum 402 of the wind following device to rotate the direction of the nacelle, so that the blades 102 can be always opposite to the wind direction, and the wind energy is utilized to the maximum extent.
As shown in fig. 3, the rotary joint 202 includes a rotary head 411, a hollow shaft 412, a bearing 414, a seal ring 413, a spring 415, a spring washer 416, and a chuck 417; the inner side of the lower part of the rotating head 411 and the upper part of the hollow shaft 412 are funnel-shaped and are sleeved, and a funnel-shaped sealing ring 413 is filled between the inner side and the upper part of the hollow shaft 412 to form a rotatable connection mode, so that high-pressure air enters from the inlet end of the rotating head 411 and does not leak from the outlet end of the hollow shaft 412.
A bearing 414 is arranged at the inner side of the bottom of the rotating head 411, and the inner wall of the bearing 414 is attached to the outer wall of the hollow shaft 412; one end of a spring 415 is fixedly connected below the bearing 414, and the other end of the spring 415 is fixed on a clamping table 417 through a spring gasket 416; the chuck 417 is a projection fixedly provided on the hollow shaft 412 and is located below the bearing 414. In this structure, the upper part of the spring 415 is against the rotating head 411, and the lower part is pressed against the chuck 417 through the spring washer 416, so that the rotary connection of the hollow shaft 412 will not be loosened up and down;
as shown in fig. 1, 4-6, the space between the air compressor 201 and the one-way valve 207 is divided into a first pipeline 204 and a second pipeline 206 by a dividing valve 203; a size converter 205 is connected in the second pipeline 206; the size converter 205 comprises a large pneumatic cylinder and a coaxial small pneumatic cylinder, a large cylinder piston 501 and a small cylinder piston 502 are connected through a linkage shaft 504, and a sliding bearing 503 is sleeved outside the linkage shaft 504 to reduce friction force. The outlet end of the air compressor 201 is connected with the inlet end of the small pneumatic cylinder and the inlet end of the one-way valve 207 is connected with the outlet end of the large pneumatic cylinder, or the outlet end of the air compressor 201 is connected with the inlet end of the large pneumatic cylinder and the inlet end of the one-way valve 207 is connected with the outlet end of the small pneumatic cylinder.
The significance of this configuration is that, for example, when the wind speed exceeds the cut-in wind speed by 25m/s, the rotational speed of the blade 102 becomes faster, and the rotational speed of the blade 102 can be decelerated by increasing the output air pressure value in order to decrease the rotational speed. At this time, the outlet end of the air compressor 201 is connected with the small cylinder air inlet 508, the high-pressure air enters the small air cylinder to push the small cylinder piston 502, the small cylinder piston 502 pushes the large cylinder piston 501 through the linkage shaft 504, and the large cylinder piston 501 extrudes the high-pressure air with more flow to the large cylinder air outlet 506 and inputs the high-pressure air into the air storage tank 208. Similarly, the small-stroke pneumatic cylinder needs more power to push the large pneumatic cylinder, so the large pneumatic cylinder also acts on the air compressor 201, and the air compressor 201 acts on the first gearbox 105 to increase the output torque of the blade 102, so that the rotating speed of the blade 102 is reduced, and the safety of the blade 102 is protected; similarly, when the wind speed is lower than the cut-in wind speed by 3m/s, the outlet end of the air compressor 201 is connected with the large cylinder air inlet 505, the small cylinder air outlet 507 is connected with the inlet end of the air storage tank 208, the large air cylinder pushes the small air cylinder to reduce the power, the output power of the large air cylinder reacting on the fan blade 102 is reduced, and the wind speed blade 102 lower than 3m/s can also rotate to do work, so that the wind energy utilization range is greatly expanded.
As shown in fig. 7, in order to improve the energy utilization efficiency (a part of energy is converted into heat energy during the air compression process), in this embodiment, a first heat exchanger 601 and a second heat exchanger 602 are respectively connected to two ends of the air storage tank 208; the first heat exchanger 601 and the second heat exchanger 602 are respectively connected with a low-temperature medium storage tank 603 and a high-temperature medium storage tank 604; the outlet end of the air compressor 201 is connected with a first heat exchanger 601, and the inlet end of the air motor 301 is connected with a second heat exchanger 602. Storing the generated heat energy into a high-temperature medium storage tank 604 through a heat exchanger; when the gas storage tank 208 outputs high-pressure gas, the output power of the heated gas can be increased, the power of the output gas is increased by outputting heat energy through the high-temperature medium storage tank 604, the output end of the high-temperature medium storage tank is changed into a low-temperature medium after heat exchange and flows back to the low-temperature medium storage tank 603, the medium of the low-temperature medium storage tank 603 exchanges and flows back the high-temperature gas at the inlet end to the high-temperature medium storage tank 604 through the heat exchanger, and therefore the circulating process is achieved.
As shown in fig. 8, in order to further improve the stability of the air pressure in the air storage tank 208, in the present embodiment, at least a portion of the air storage tank 208 is provided as a surge tank (preferably at an air inlet or an air outlet). Wherein, steady voltage storehouse includes: an air inlet channel, a pressure stabilizing cabin body 705 and an adjusting cavity body 711.
Wherein, the outlet of the air inlet channel is provided with an air plug 701 and an air nozzle 702 which are matched with each other to communicate with a pressure stabilizing cabin body 705, and the air plug is sleeved on a movable rod which can perform horizontal displacement; the adjusting cavity 711 is sealed by an air film 704 and is further fixed by an air film pad 703, the movable rod penetrates through the air film 704 and is connected with an output shaft of a stepping motor 712 in the adjusting cavity 711 through an adjusting spring 710, the output shaft of the stepping motor 712 is in a screw 709 shape and is matched with a nut 708, the adjusting spring 415 is fixed by an upper spring disc 707, the other end of the adjusting spring 710 is fixed with the movable rod through a lower spring disc 706, and the lower spring disc 706 is fixed on the air film pad 703; the pressure stabilizing cabin body 705 is provided with an air outlet.
Through the device, when the pressure in the pressure stabilizing cabin body 705 exceeds a preset air pressure value, the air film 704 bulges towards the direction of the adjusting cavity 711, so that the air plug 701 is driven to move towards the direction of the adjusting cavity 711, and the air outlet of the air nozzle 702 is reduced until the air outlet is closed. When the pressure stabilizing cabin body 705 outputs high-pressure gas outwards through the gas outlet, the pressure in the pressure stabilizing cabin body 705 is reduced, the gas film 704 retracts towards the pressure stabilizing cabin body 705, so that the gas plug 701 is driven to retract, the gas nozzle 702 is opened, and the high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank 208 or the one-way valve 207 can enter the pressure stabilizing cabin body 705 through the gas nozzle 702. The stepping motor 712 is used for rotating the nut 708 through the screw 709 to lift the upper spring disc 707, and performing fine adjustment control on the adjusting spring 415 so as to adjust the air pressure threshold value in the pressure stabilizing cabin body 705.
As shown in fig. 9-13, the present embodiment also has a special design for the structure of the blade 102, wherein the end of the blade 102 has a one-way joint, and is hinged to the blade mounting end 108 extending from the hub 101 at the end of the main shaft 103 through a rotating shaft 107, and is limited by a blocking plate 106, so that the rotating range thereof is controlled at about 90 ° without being folded back; a brake pad 109 driven by a hydraulic rod 110 is arranged at the rotating shaft 107.
The rotating shaft 107 is composed of a protruding portion 1071 of the rotating shaft 107 on the blade 102 and a hole 1072 of the rotating shaft 107 on the blade mounting end 108, the brake pad 109 and the hydraulic rod 110 are both disposed on the blade mounting end 108 and located at the side portion of the rotating shaft 107, under the normal operation of the device, the brake pad 109 is in the braking state to ensure that the blade 102 keeps the unfolding operable state, and the blade mounting end 108 can be fixed with the hub 101 through the fixing end 111 with threads.
As shown in fig. 13, the specific implementation of bending of the blade 102: when hurricane comes, the blades 102 can be turned to the back of the wind direction through the operation of the wind tracker, at this time, the brake pads 109 are slowly released, the blades 102 are slowly bent backwards due to the wind force, and the brake pads 109 are braked again until 90 degrees, so that the blades 102 are ensured to be at the optimal wind-resistant angle. Similarly, when hurricane finishes and the blades 102 need to be unfolded, the blades 102 can be turned to the front of the wind direction by the operation of the wind tracker, at this time, the brake pads 109 are slowly released, and the bent blades 102 below the hub 101 can be slowly extended backwards until being in line with the flattening of the blade mounting ends 108 due to the self weight of the blades 102 and the wind force, and then the fixation is completed by the brake pads 109. For blades 102 at other angles, each blade 102 can be rotated to a vertically downward direction by rotating the hub 101, and the flattening of the blades 102 is accomplished by engaging and disengaging the brake pads 109. The blade 102 can be bent and unfolded by the scheme without depending on additional power and only depending on wind power and the self weight of the blade 102. The drive hydraulic ram 110 may directly use the power provided by the system generator 302.
In this embodiment, two control schemes for energy output are provided, one of which is: the controller 210 controls the variable pressure maintaining valve 209 to stably output a given power for a given period of time.
The pressure condition in the gas storage tank 208 can be monitored in real time through devices such as a pressure sensing sensor, that is, the input quantity of the high-pressure gas in each time unit can be calculated through the controller 210 by combining the gas pressure condition data and the volume of the gas storage tank 208. Then, the gas input quantity of each time unit of the 208 gas storage tank is obtained by combining the volume of the tank body and the flow quantity of the gas output by the variable pressure stabilizing valve 209 through the change of the signals of the gas pressure unit; then, the output can be averaged according to the set time window; if the time window is 4 hours, the output amount per hour is evenly distributed according to the total input amount of gas of 4 hours. Assuming 4 hours of input power of 4MW, the average hour is 1MW, and the variable pressure maintaining valve 209 outputs power stably at 1MW per hour. The mode is similar to the principle of bank zero deposit adjustment and is also similar to a water pool, water input from the upper part is input unstably sometimes or not, but the output of the water outlet at the lower part is not influenced. Meanwhile, as the air has vibration absorption and damping effects, the vibration wave type energy input can be eliminated, and the effect of better stable output can be realized through the adjustment of the variable pressure stabilizing valve 209.
The second is that: the controller 210 controls the variable regulator valve 209 to increase the output power during the peak period of the power consumption, decrease the output power during the valley period of the power consumption, and control the total output power per unit time to be balanced with the input power.
The peak-valley output power can be set, and the peak-valley output power is distributed according to the 24-hour input quantity; the average output per hour of the high section, the middle section and the low section in 24 hours can be leveled up by 8 hours, the low section is pure energy storage, the total input per hour of the middle section is 4 hours, and the average output per hour of the sum of the high peak and the peak of the high section is the low section. This ensures that peak electricity sales, valley storage, and average medium peak output do not put too much pressure on the reservoir 208.
As shown in fig. 14, in the second embodiment of the present invention, since it is considered that in the solution of the first embodiment, if the total amount of energy stored in the air tank 208 is further increased, a better balance peak-clipping and valley-filling effect is achieved, and the pressure in the air tank 208 also needs to be increased, at this time, it may be difficult to achieve a good effect by using only the one-stage air compressor 201, so that a multi-stage supercharging input may be introduced; in this embodiment, the second air compressor 2011 is additionally connected to the clutch 2010 and respectively output through the pipeline, so that the total amount of stored energy is increased.
In this embodiment, the bottom of tower 200 directly serves as the housing for generator 302, with the stator and rotor mounted directly therein for further cost and space savings.
In this embodiment, a battery pack 304 is also used to store power, which is output through the grid interface 305, enhancing peak shaving and emergency capabilities.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other air compression type wind power generation system and its control method can be obtained according to the teaching of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An air compression wind power generation system, comprising: the power mechanism with blades, the air compression energy storage device and the power generation device are connected in sequence; a main shaft of the power mechanism is connected with an air compressor of the air compression energy storage device through a first gearbox; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the one-way valve; the outlet end of the one-way valve is connected with the inlet end of the air storage tank; the outlet end of the gas storage tank is connected with the inlet end of a variable pressure stabilizing valve; the variable pressure stabilizing valve is connected with the controller; the outlet end of the variable pressure stabilizing valve is connected with a pneumatic motor of the power generation device; the pneumatic motor is connected with a generator through a second gearbox;
the wind measuring device also comprises a wind measuring mechanism and a wind chasing device; the air tracing device comprises a rotary joint, a rotary drum, a fixed drum, ring teeth, a rotary motor and a gear, wherein the rotary joint is respectively connected with the outlet end of the air compressor and the inlet end of the one-way valve; the rotating drum is fixed with the first gearbox and the bottom of a housing outside the air compressor; the fixed cylinder is positioned below the rotary cylinder and is fixed with the uppermost end of the tower; the lower end of the rotary drum is sleeved in the fixed drum and supported by the fixed drum; the ring teeth are fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the rotary drum, and the rotary motor is fixed on the inner wall of the fixed drum; the output shaft of the rotary motor is connected with a gear, and the gear is meshed with the ring gear; the wind measuring mechanism is positioned on the upper side of the rotary drum and is respectively connected with the wind tracking controller with the rotary motor;
the rotary joint comprises a rotary head, a hollow shaft, a bearing, a sealing ring, a spring gasket and a clamping table; the inner side of the lower part of the rotating head and the upper part of the hollow shaft are both funnel-shaped and are sleeved with each other, and a funnel-shaped sealing ring is filled between the inner side of the lower part of the rotating head and the upper part of the hollow shaft; a bearing is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the rotating head, and the inner wall of the bearing is attached to the outer wall of the hollow shaft; one end of a spring is fixedly connected below the bearing, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the clamping table through a spring gasket; the clamping table is used as a protruding part fixedly arranged on the hollow shaft and is positioned below the bearing;
the air compressor and the one-way valve are divided into a first pipeline and a second pipeline through a diverter valve; a big-small converter is connected in the second pipeline; the size converter comprises a large pneumatic cylinder and a small coaxial pneumatic cylinder; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the small pneumatic cylinder, and the inlet end of the one-way valve is connected with the outlet end of the large pneumatic cylinder, or the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with the inlet end of the large pneumatic cylinder, and the inlet end of the one-way valve is connected with the outlet end of the small pneumatic cylinder;
two ends of the gas storage tank are respectively connected with a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are respectively connected with a low-temperature medium storage tank and a high-temperature medium storage tank; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected with a first heat exchanger, and the inlet end of the pneumatic motor is connected with a second heat exchanger;
at least one section of the air storage tank is provided with a pressure stabilizing bin; the surge bin includes: the device comprises an air inlet channel, a pressure stabilizing cabin body and an adjusting cavity; an air plug and an air nozzle which are matched with each other are arranged at an outlet of the air inlet channel to be communicated with the pressure stabilizing cabin body, and the air plug is sleeved on the movable rod; the adjusting cavity is sealed through an air film, and the movable rod penetrates through the air film and is connected with an output shaft of the stepping motor through an adjusting spring in the adjusting cavity; the pressure stabilizing cabin body is provided with an air outlet;
the end part of the blade is provided with a one-way joint which is hinged with a hub at the tail end of the main shaft through a rotating shaft and is limited by a baffle plate; and a brake pad driven by a hydraulic rod is arranged at the rotating shaft.
2. The air compression wind power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the number of the air compressors is more than 1, and the air compressors are arranged in a multistage series connection mode.
3. A control method of the air compression type wind power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the controller controls the variable pressure stabilizing valve to stably output given power in a given time period.
4. A control method of the air compression type wind power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the controller controls the variable pressure stabilizing valve to improve the output power in the peak period of power utilization, reduce the output power in the valley period of power utilization, and control the total output power and the input power in unit time to keep balance.
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| CN112178324A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-05 | 扬中凯悦铜材有限公司 | A kind of ventilation connection structure for nitrogen generator |
| CN112096572A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-18 | 刘金 | Single-group air generator power generation unit and combined assembled air generator |
| CN116464606A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-07-21 | 北京比特大陆科技有限公司 | Subassembly and fan |
| CN117948244B (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-05-28 | 易事特智能化系统集成有限公司 | Wind energy power generation equipment capable of rotating along with wind direction |
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