CN110359861A - A kind of horizontal well meets card and can bounce back centralizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a retractable centralizer when stuck in a horizontal well, which is used to solve the problem of stuck in a horizontal well of rotary steerable drilling. The technical scheme is as follows: the upper joint of the upper cylinder and the lower joint of the rotary guide tool are connected by conical threads, the lower joint of the upper cylinder and the upper joint of the middle cylinder are connected by threads; the lower joint of the middle cylinder and the upper joint of the centralizing cylinder are connected by threads, The joint is connected with the upper joint of the lower cylinder with threads; the lower joint of the lower cylinder and the upper joint of the push arm are connected by conical threads, and the lower joint of the push arm is connected to the drill bit; the top and bottom of the inner cylinder are axially positioned with steps; The upper sliding block is connected with the upper screw, and the upper shearing screw is used for axial positioning; the lower sliding cylinder is connected with the lower sliding block with the lower screw, and the lower shearing screw is used for axial positioning; the centralizing block is placed on the expansion groove of the centralizing cylinder, and the upper sliding cylinder is connected The slide cylinder is axially positioned, and the upper slide block and the lower slide block are radially positioned; the present invention utilizes hydraulic pressure to push the slide block to slide away from the centralizing block, so that the centralizing block can be retracted in the radial direction, which is beneficial to release the pipe string in the horizontal well section.

Description

A retractable centralizer when stuck in horizontal well

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling engineering in the petroleum and natural gas industry, in particular to a retractable centralizer when stuck in a horizontal well.

Background technique

In oil and gas exploration, oil drilling is increasingly developed into deep formations, and the number of horizontal wells is increasing. With the development of technology, the length of the horizontal section of oil and gas wells is increasing in order to achieve higher oil and gas production. When using a rotary steerable tool to drill a horizontal well or an extended reach well, if the stratum in the horizontal section of the oil and gas well collapses, the outer diameter of the centralizer block connected to the lower part of the rotary steerable tool is larger than the maximum outer diameter of other pipe strings, and the centralizer block cannot be used. The shrinkage causes the entire pipe string to be stuck at the collapse of the horizontal well section, and it cannot be lifted from the bottom of the well by the surface. Therefore, when the stratum in the horizontal section collapses, how to make the centralizer realize the retraction of the centralizer block while ensuring its own function has become an important issue for the removal of stuck in horizontal wells.

When the stratum in the horizontal section of the oil and gas well collapses, the retractable centralizing block of the centralizer will reduce the maximum outer diameter of the entire pipe string, making it easier to unblock the pipe string, allowing valuable equipment such as rotary steering tools to be lifted to the bottom of the well and reducing economic losses . In order to solve the above problems, a retractable centralizer for horizontal wells is hereby proposed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a retractable centralizer when stuck in a horizontal well, which is used for releasing a pipe string in a horizontal well section.

The present invention provides a retractable centralizer for horizontal wells when stuck. The lower sliding block, the lower shearing screw, the lower cylinder and the lower cylinder are composed; the upper joint of the upper cylinder and the lower joint of the rotary guide tool are connected with a conical thread, and the lower joint of the upper cylinder and the upper joint of the middle cylinder are connected with a thread; The lower joint of the middle cylinder and the upper joint of the centralizing cylinder are connected by threads, the lower joint of the centralizing cylinder and the upper joint of the lower cylinder are connected by threads; To connect, push the joint under the arm to connect the drill bit.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the centralizing block is designed as a retractable centralizing block. When the horizontal well section is stuck, the upper shearing screw and the lower shearing screw are cut by increasing the hydraulic pressure to drive the upper sliding block to move upward, and the lower sliding block can move upward. The downward movement makes the centralizing block lose its radial support, and at the same time, the drill string is lifted up. During the process of lifting the drill string, the centralizing block is subjected to a radial force directed to the axis of the centralizer, so that the centralizing block returns along the inclined surface of the expansion groove. Due to the retraction of the centralizer block, the maximum outer diameter of the entire pipe string is reduced, which solves the problem that the collapse of the horizontal well section is difficult to unblock; at the same time, the function of the centralizer is not affected during normal operation.

Further, the inner wall of the lower joint of the upper cylinder is provided with an inner positioning step and an O-shaped sealing ring.

Further, the inner wall of the lower cylinder is provided with an inner positioning step and an O-shaped sealing ring.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: the positioning steps arranged on the inner wall of the lower joint of the upper cylinder and the inner wall of the lower cylinder enable the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder to be positioned axially, and the O-rings arranged on the inner wall of the lower joint of the upper cylinder and the inner wall of the lower cylinder make the inner The upper and lower ends of the cylinder are sealed.

Further, the inner cylinder is provided with a chute, an upper mud hole, a lower mud hole, and a special-shaped flow channel, and the inner cylinder and the upper sliding cylinder are fitted with an O-shaped sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged in the inner cylinder. on the barrel.

Further, the upper sliding block and the upper sliding cylinder are connected and fixed by the upper screw, and the upper sliding block is placed in the chute.

Further, the upper sliding cylinder and the middle cylinder are connected and fixed with the upper shearing screw, and the fitting place between the upper sliding cylinder and the inner cylinder is sealed with an O-shaped sealing ring, and this sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the upper sliding cylinder, The upper sliding cylinder and the middle cylinder are sealed with an O-shaped sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged on the outer wall of the upper sliding cylinder.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: the upper sliding block and the upper sliding cylinder are processed separately, then the upper sliding cylinder is connected and fixed with the upper screw to facilitate assembly, and the upper sliding cylinder and the middle cylinder are connected with the upper shearing screw, so that the upper sliding cylinder is axially connected. Positioning; the special-shaped flow channel on the inner cylinder can increase the cross-sectional flow rate, and the upper and lower mud holes allow the mud in the special-shaped flow channel to enter the upper and lower mud chambers; the O-ring seals at each fitting can seal between the chambers and prevent mud leakage .

Further, an O-shaped sealing ring is used to seal the matching part between the inner cylinder and the lower cylinder, and the sealing ring is arranged on the inner cylinder.

Further, the lower slider and the lower cylinder are connected and fixed by the lower screw, and the lower slider is placed in the chute.

Further, the lowering cylinder and the centralizing cylinder are connected and fixed by the lower shearing screw, and the fitting part of the lowering cylinder and the inner cylinder is sealed with an O-shaped sealing ring, and this sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the lowering cylinder, and the sliding The fitting part of the barrel and the centralizing barrel is sealed with an O-shaped sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged on the outer wall of the lowering barrel.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: the lower sliding block and the lowering cylinder are processed separately, and then connected and fixed with lower screws to facilitate assembly; The O-ring at the mating place realizes the sealing between the cavities and prevents the leakage of mud.

Further, the centralizing block is placed in a telescopic groove provided on the centralizing cylinder, the upper end of the centralizing block is respectively matched with the upper sliding cylinder and the upper sliding block, and the lower end is respectively matched with the lower sliding cylinder and the lower sliding block.

The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: the upper sliding cylinder and the lower sliding cylinder respectively position the upper and lower ends of the centralizing block axially, and the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block respectively enable the upper and lower ends of the centralizing block to achieve radial positioning.

Further, the inner cylinder and the upper sliding cylinder together form the upper mud cavity.

Further, the inner cylinder and the lower cylinder together form the lower mud cavity.

Further, the upper cylinder, the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder together form the upper stroke cavity.

Further, the inner cylinder, the righting cylinder and the lower cylinder together form the lower stroke cavity.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical scheme is that: the mud in the special-shaped flow channel of the inner cylinder enters the upper mud cavity through the upper mud hole, and when the pressure of the mud liquid is increased to exceed the normal working value, the mud is held back in the upper mud cavity, so that the upper mud cavity is pressed. The shearing screw is cut off, the upper sliding block moves up along the chute under the continuous push of the mud hydraulic pressure in the upper mud chamber, and the upper sliding cylinder moves upward in the upper stroke chamber at the same time; the mud in the special-shaped flow channel of the inner cylinder enters through the lower mud hole In the lower mud chamber, when the mud pressure is increased to exceed the normal working value, the mud is held back in the lower mud chamber, so that the lower shearing screw is cut off, and the lower slider is continuously pushed by the mud pressure in the lower mud chamber along the chute. When the upper and lower sliding blocks move to the point that they are not in contact with the centralizing block, the centralizing block loses radial support. At this time, when the drill string is lifted up, the centralizing block will be affected by a The radial force directed to the axis of the centralizer causes the centralizer to retract along the slope of the expansion groove.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a retractable centralizer in a horizontal well of the present invention when stuck;

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view;

Figure 3 is a B-B sectional view;

Figure 4 is a C-C sectional view;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the action structure of a retractable centralizer in a horizontal well of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a D-D sectional view;

In the picture: 1. Upper cylinder, 2. Inner cylinder, 2-1. Upper mud hole, 2-2. Chute, 2-3. Lower mud hole, 2-4. Special-shaped runner, 3. Middle cylinder, 4 . Upper shearing screw, 5. Upper sliding cylinder, 6. Upper sliding block, 7. Upper screw, 8. Centralizing cylinder, 8-1. Expansion groove, 9. Centralizing block, 10. Lower screw, 11. Lower sliding block, 12. Lower shearing screw, 13. Lower cylinder, 14. Lower cylinder, Ⅰ. Upper stroke chamber, Ⅱ. Upper mud chamber, Ⅲ. Lower stroke chamber, Ⅳ. Lower mud chamber.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a retractable centralizer for horizontal wells of the present invention is composed of an upper cylinder 01, an inner cylinder 02, a middle cylinder 03, an upper shearing screw 04, an upper sliding cylinder 05, an upper sliding block 06, an upper Screw 07, centralizing cylinder 08, centralizing block 09, lower screw 10, lower sliding block 11, lower shearing screw 12, lower cylinder 13, lower cylinder 14; The joints are connected with conical threads, the lower joint of the upper cylinder 01 and the upper joint of the middle cylinder 03 are threaded; The lower joint is connected with the upper joint of the lower barrel 14 with threads; the lower joint of the lower barrel 14 is connected with the upper joint of the push arm with conical threads, and the lower joint of the push arm is connected to the drill bit; the top and bottom of the inner barrel 02 Steps are used for axial positioning in the upper cylinder 01 and the lower cylinder 14 respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the fitting part of the upper cylinder 01 and the inner cylinder 02 is sealed with an O-ring, which is arranged on the upper cylinder 01; the inner cylinder 02 is provided with an upper mud The hole 02-1, the chute 02-2, the lower mud hole 02-3, the special-shaped flow channel 02-4, the inner cylinder 02 and the upper sliding cylinder 05 are sealed with an O-ring seal, and this seal ring is set On the inner cylinder 02; the upper part of the upper sliding cylinder 05, the inner cylinder 02 and the middle cylinder 03 are sealed with O-rings, and the sealing rings are all set on the upper sliding cylinder 05 , the middle and lower part of the upper sliding cylinder 05 and the inner cylinder 02 are sealed with an O-ring seal, this sealing ring is arranged on the upper sliding cylinder 05, the lower part of the upper sliding cylinder 05 and the centering cylinder 08 The mating part is sealed with an O-ring, which is arranged on the upper sliding cylinder 05, and the upper sliding cylinder 05 is axially positioned with the upper shearing screw 04; the upper sliding block 06 is placed on the sliding cylinder 05. On the groove 02-2, the upper sliding block 06 and the upper sliding cylinder 05 are connected and fixed by the upper screw 07.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 , the righting cylinder 08 is provided with the telescopic groove 08-1; the righting block 09 is placed on the telescopic groove 08-1, The sliding cylinder 05 and the lower sliding cylinder 13 are axially positioned, and the centralizing block 09 is radially positioned with the upper sliding block 06 and the lower sliding block 11; The state shown in Figure 3.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the lower slider 11 is placed on the chute 02-2, and the lower slider 11 and the lower cylinder 13 are connected and fixed by the lower screw 10; the inner The place where the cylinder 02 cooperates with the lowering cylinder 13 is sealed with an O-shaped sealing ring, and this sealing ring is arranged on the inner cylinder 02; The sealing ring is arranged on the lower cylinder 13, and the lower part of the lower cylinder 13 is sealed with the righting cylinder 08 and the inner cylinder 02 with an O-shaped sealing ring, and all the sealing rings are set on the lower cylinder 13, the lower cylinder 13 is axially positioned with the lower shearing screw 12; .

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, when the horizontal well is unblocked, the mud pressure is increased to exceed the normal working value, the upper shearing screw 04 is cut off, and the upper sliding block 06 is in the upper mud chamber II when the mud pressure increases. Continue to push the lower sliding groove 02-2 to slide upward, and the upper sliding cylinder 05 slides upward along the upper stroke cavity I; increase the mud pressure to exceed the normal working value, and at the same time the upper shearing screw 04 is sheared, all the The lower shearing screw 12 is cut off, the lower sliding block 11 slides down along the chute 02-2 under the continuous push of the mud pressure in the lower mud chamber IV, and the lower sliding cylinder 13 slides down along the lower stroke chamber III When the upper slide block 06 and the lower slide block 11 are not in contact with the centralizing block 09, the centralizing block 09 loses radial support, at this time the drill string is lifted up, and the centralizing block 09 09 will be subjected to a radial force directed towards the axis of the centralizer, so that the centralizer block 09 retracts along the inclined plane of the expansion groove 08-1, thereby greatly reducing the maximum outer diameter of the pipe string and realizing the horizontal well release.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower part", "middle-lower part", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention. The invention and simplified description do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, terms such as "connection", "fixed", "upper end" and "lower end" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the first and second features in direct contact, or may include the first and second features Not directly but through additional features between them. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature is "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

A kind of retractable centralizer for horizontal wells of the present invention has been described above in detail, and specific examples are used in this paper to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. However, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A horizontal well retractable centralizer of the present invention is composed of an upper cylinder (01), an inner cylinder (02), a middle cylinder (03), an upper shearing screw (04), an upper sliding cylinder (05), Upper slider (06), upper screw (07), centralizing cylinder (08), centralizing block (09), lower screw (10), lower sliding block (11), lower shearing screw (12), lower cylinder (13) and the lower cylinder (14); it is characterized in that the upper joint of the upper cylinder (01) and the lower joint of the rotary guide tool are connected by conical threads, and the lower joint of the upper cylinder (01) is connected to the middle cylinder (03) The upper joint is connected by threads; the lower joint of the middle cylinder (03) and the upper joint of the centralizing cylinder (08) are connected by threads, and the lower joint of the centralizing cylinder (08) and the upper joint of the lower cylinder (14) are threaded connection; the lower joint of the lower cylinder (14) is connected with the upper joint of the push arm by conical threads, and the lower joint of the push arm is connected to the drill bit; the top and bottom of the inner cylinder (02) are respectively on the upper cylinder (01) ), the lower cylinder (14) is axially positioned with steps. 2. The retractable centralizer for horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, an O-ring is used to seal the joint between the upper cylinder (01) and the inner cylinder (02). The ring is arranged on the upper cylinder (01); the inner cylinder (02) is provided with an upper mud hole (02-1), a chute (02-2), a lower mud hole (02-3), a special-shaped flow channel (02-4), the joint between the inner cylinder (02) and the upper sliding cylinder (05) is sealed with an O-shaped sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged on the inner cylinder (02), and the inner cylinder ( 02) An O-ring sealing ring is used to seal the joint with the lower cylinder (13), and this sealing ring is arranged on the inner cylinder (02); the upper part of the upper sliding cylinder (05) is connected to the inner cylinder (02) . The mating parts of the middle cylinder (03) are sealed with O-rings, and the sealing rings are all arranged on the upper sliding cylinder (05), the middle and lower parts of the upper sliding cylinder (05) and the inner cylinder (05). 02) The mating part is sealed with an O-ring, which is arranged on the upper sliding cylinder (05), and the lower part of the upper sliding cylinder (05) and the centering cylinder (08) are matched with an O-ring. The sealing ring is arranged on the upper sliding cylinder (05), and the upper sliding cylinder (05) is axially positioned by the upper shearing screw (04); the upper sliding block (06) is placed on the On the chute (02-2), the upper sliding block (06) and the upper sliding cylinder (05) are connected and fixed by the upper screw (07). 3. The retractable centralizer for horizontal wells according to claim 2, wherein the centralizing cylinder (08) is provided with the expansion groove (08-1); the centralizing block (09) ) is placed on the telescopic groove (08-1), the centralizing block (09) is axially positioned by the upper sliding cylinder (05) and the lower sliding cylinder (13), and the centralizing block (09) is The upper slider (06) and the lower slider (11) are radially positioned; the lower slider (11) is placed on the chute (02-2), and the lower slider (11) The lower screw (10) is used to connect and fix with the lowering cylinder (13); the upper part of the lowering cylinder (13) and the centralizing cylinder (08) are sealed with an O-ring, and the sealing ring is arranged on the lowering cylinder (13). On the cylinder (13), the lower part of the lowering cylinder (13) is sealed with an O-ring seal at the matching part of the centralizing cylinder (08) and the inner cylinder (02), and the sealing rings used are all arranged on the lowering cylinder On (13), the lower cylinder (13) is axially positioned with the lower shearing screw (12); the mating part of the lower cylinder (14) and the inner cylinder (02) is sealed with an O-ring. The sealing ring is arranged on the lower cylinder (14). The retractable centralizer for horizontal wells according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper cylinder (01), the inner cylinder (02) and the middle cylinder (03) together form a The upper stroke chamber (I); the inner cylinder (02) and the upper sliding cylinder (05) together form the upper mud chamber (II); the inner cylinder (02) and the centralizing cylinder (08) and the lower cylinder (14) together form the lower stroke chamber (III); the inner cylinder (02) and the lower cylinder (13) together form the lower mud chamber (IV).