CN110350639B - Charging and discharging power supply for underground high-voltage capacitor - Google Patents
Charging and discharging power supply for underground high-voltage capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110350639B CN110350639B CN201910596559.8A CN201910596559A CN110350639B CN 110350639 B CN110350639 B CN 110350639B CN 201910596559 A CN201910596559 A CN 201910596559A CN 110350639 B CN110350639 B CN 110350639B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
- H01B9/027—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients composed of semi-conducting layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a charging and discharging power supply of an underground high-voltage capacitor, which comprises a frequency conversion device, a cable winch, a cable, a high-temperature-resistant transformer, a boosting rectifier circuit, an energy storage capacitor and a discharging circuit. When the variable frequency device works, the power frequency voltage is converted into sinusoidal voltage with certain amplitude and frequency, the cable winch controls the cable descending length, the voltage on the well is transmitted to the well, and the energy storage capacitor is charged at constant voltage through the high temperature resistant transformer and the boosting rectifier circuit. When the capacitor is charged to a desired voltage, the capacitor discharges the load through the discharge circuit. The charging power supply device has small volume and high temperature resistance, and can adapt to a small working space and a high-temperature working environment in the pit; the charging speed is fast, and the repetition frequency charging can be performed. The discharge circuit adopts a high-voltage pulse discharge mode, and has the advantages of no secondary pollution, short well occupation time, simple operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a charging and discharging power supply of an underground high-voltage capacitor.
Background
With the continuous deep exploitation degree of the oil field, the formation pressure can be reduced, so that the permeability of an oil layer is reduced, and the oil seepage channel is blocked by the deposition of insoluble salts in the oil well, so that the yield of the oil well is reduced, and particularly for a low-permeability oil field, the oil yield is reduced more seriously, and even the oil well is possibly stopped.
The liquid-electric pulse production increasing technology is a new type of blocking-removing production increasing method using the shock wave generated by high-voltage pulse discharge to act on oil layer, and has the advantages of no secondary pollution, short well occupation time, simple operation, etc., and is widely used in domestic and foreign oil fields. The liquid electric pulse yield increasing technology utilizes the slow charge and the fast discharge of an energy storage capacitor to generate high-power pulse, so that a capacitor charge and discharge power supply is an indispensable component in liquid electric pulse yield increasing equipment.
Because the oil well environment has the characteristics of high temperature, small space and deep ground, how to realize high-voltage charge and discharge of the underground energy storage capacitor is the key of the design of the liquid-electricity pulse oil well production increasing equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provide a high-voltage capacitor charging and discharging power supply with small volume, high temperature resistance and high reliability, and solve the problems that the conventional transformer is difficult to normally install and work in a narrow high-temperature space in the pit and has low reliability.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: an underground high-voltage capacitor charging and discharging power supply of oilfield production increasing equipment based on a liquid electric pulse technology comprises a frequency conversion device of a ground part, a cable, a boosting and charging device of an underground part and a discharging device;
The frequency conversion device comprises an air switch, a soft start circuit, a three-phase rectifying circuit, a filter capacitor, a full-bridge inverter circuit and a boost isolation transformer, wherein corresponding phases of the air switch, the soft start circuit and the three-phase rectifying circuit are respectively connected in sequence, the three-phase rectifying circuit, the filter capacitor and the full-bridge inverter circuit are arranged in parallel, and an outlet end of the full-bridge inverter circuit is connected with the boost isolation transformer;
The boosting charging device comprises a high-temperature-resistant transformer and a boosting rectifying circuit, wherein the boosting rectifying circuit consists of a front-end capacitor, a first rectifying diode, a second rectifying diode and a load capacitor, one end of the front-end capacitor is connected to the negative end of a secondary winding of the high-temperature-resistant transformer, and the other end of the front-end capacitor is connected to the positive end of the second rectifying diode; the cathode end of the first rectifying diode is connected to the anode end of the second rectifying diode; one end of the load capacitor is connected to the negative end of the second rectifying diode, and the other end of the load capacitor is connected to the positive end of the secondary winding of the high-temperature-resistant transformer;
the frequency conversion device and the boost charging device are connected through a cable;
The discharging device is formed by connecting a trigger gap switch and a liquid trigger gap body, wherein the liquid trigger gap body is a liquid gap.
The specific working process is as follows: firstly, conveying a high-temperature-resistant transformer and a boost rectifying circuit to an oil well perforation position through a cable; then converting the power frequency alternating voltage into sinusoidal alternating voltage with adjustable amplitude and frequency on the ground through a frequency conversion device; the oil is conveyed into a boosting, rectifying and charging device positioned under the oil well through a cable line with a certain length, and a capacitor is charged in a constant-voltage output mode; after the charging is finished, the capacitor discharges the oil well perforation through the discharging circuit, and the oil well blocking removal and yield increase operation is completed.
The frequency conversion device adopts the working principle of AC-DC-AC and comprises an air switch, a soft start circuit, a three-phase rectifying circuit, a filter capacitor, a full-bridge inverter circuit and a boosting isolation transformer. The soft start circuit is used for preventing large current impact generated by the existence of the filter capacitor at the moment of power-on of the frequency conversion device. The three-phase rectifying circuit adopts a three-phase uncontrolled rectifying circuit consisting of rectifying diodes to convert power frequency alternating voltage into direct current voltage, the full-bridge inverting circuit adopts a full-bridge inverting circuit consisting of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT), the direct current bus voltage is inverted into voltage-adjustable alternating current voltage through Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) technology, the filtering capacitor adopts a large-capacity capacitor to stabilize the bus voltage, the waveform distortion degree of the output voltage of the frequency conversion device is reduced, the boosting isolation transformer converts the output voltage of the frequency conversion device into high voltage, isolation protection of the full-bridge inverting circuit and the output circuit is realized, harmonic components of the output voltage of the full-bridge inverting circuit are filtered, and standard sine of the output voltage is realized.
Still further: the magnetic circuit of the high-temperature-resistant transformer consists of a plurality of annular iron-based amorphous magnetic cores.
Still further: the rectifier diode I and the rectifier diode II are formed by connecting a plurality of diodes in series, and the integral reverse withstand voltage value is more than or equal to twice of the amplitude of the output voltage of the transformer.
Still further: and each diode of the first rectifying diode and the second rectifying diode is connected with a voltage equalizing resistor in parallel.
Still further: the front-end capacitor is formed by connecting a plurality of capacitors in series and then in parallel, and each series branch is connected with a voltage equalizing resistor in parallel.
Still further: the load capacitor can adopt a high-temperature-resistant capacitor.
Still further: the boost rectifying circuit is immersed in silicone oil and sealed in a metal cylinder, and the metal cylinder is made of high-strength metal materials, so that the boost rectifying circuit can bear high temperature and high pressure under an oil well.
Still further: the cable adopts seven core armor logging cable, including outer steel wire armor, inlayer steel wire armor, outer shielding layer, semiconductive material filling layer, fluorine-containing material insulating layer and soft copper heart yearn, outer steel wire armor, inlayer steel wire armor, outer shielding layer, semiconductive material filling layer, fluorine-containing material insulating layer and soft copper heart yearn set gradually from outside to inside.
Still further: the wire removing and the wire returning of the cable are respectively formed by connecting two core wires in parallel.
Still further: the boosting charging device is also provided with a protection resistor, one end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive end of the first rectifying diode, the other end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive end of the secondary winding of the high-temperature-resistant transformer,
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) The invention has simple structure, high reliability and small volume, and can bear the high-temperature operation under the oil well.
(2) The invention has the advantages of high charging speed, no secondary pollution and short well occupation time.
(3) The invention has small internal temperature rise during working and can stably run for a long time.
Figure number: the variable frequency device 101, the cable winch 102, the high temperature resistant transformer 104, the boost rectifying circuit 105, the energy storage capacitor 106, the discharging circuit 107, the cable 103, the rectifying diode one 202, the rectifying diode two 203, the front end capacitor 201, the load capacitor 204, the outer wire armor 301, the inner wire armor 302, the outer shielding layer 303, the semiconductive filling layer 304, the polyfluorinated material insulating layer 305, the soft copper core 306, the air switch 401, the soft start circuit 402, the three-phase rectifying bridge 403, the filter capacitor 404, the full bridge inverter circuit 405, the boost isolation transformer 406, the air switch 501, the variable frequency device 502, the cable core removing 503, the cable core returning wire 504, the cable 505, the cable winch 506, the headstock 507, the magnetic positioning device 508, the high temperature resistant transformer 509, the boost rectifying circuit 510, the load capacitor 511, the trigger switch 512, the discharging gap 513, the wire returning 503, the return wire 504, the high temperature resistant transformer 509, the headstock 507, and the magnetic positioning device 508.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a charging power supply.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a double voltage rectifier circuit
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a seven-core armored logging cable
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a frequency conversion device
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a charge/discharge test of a charging source
FIG. 6 is a graph of load capacitance voltage waveforms at 25℃and 120 DEG C
FIG. 7 is a waveform of load capacitor voltage for heavy frequency operation with cable
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and not limited to the following examples.
The invention provides a charge-discharge power supply of oilfield yield increasing equipment based on a liquid electric pulse technology, which comprises the following components: the frequency conversion device 101, the cable winch 506, the cable 103, the high-temperature-resistant transformer 104, the boost rectifying circuit 105, the energy storage capacitor 106 and the discharging circuit 107 ensure good electrical insulation and mechanical strength through conductive joints and insulating joints by the frequency conversion device 101, the cable winch 506, the cable 103, the high-temperature-resistant transformer 104 and the boost rectifying circuit 105.
The specific working process of the embodiment is as follows: the frequency conversion device converts the power frequency alternating voltage on the ground into sinusoidal alternating voltage with adjustable amplitude and frequency; the cable winch 506 controls the descending depth of the cable 103, the cable 103 transmits voltage to the transformer and the boost rectifying circuit 105 in the oil well, the energy storage capacitor 106 is charged in a constant voltage charging mode, and after the charging is finished, the discharging circuit 107 discharges to perform shock wave operation on the nearby oil layer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the power frequency alternating voltage of 380V/50Hz is used as the input voltage of the frequency conversion device, the frequency conversion device converts the power frequency alternating voltage into sinusoidal alternating voltage with the frequency of 1500Hz, and the sinusoidal alternating voltage is transmitted into the boost rectifying circuit 105 under the oil well through the cable 103.
In the embodiment of the invention, the cable 103 adopts the seven-core armored logging cable 103 with the diameter of 11.8mm, and is connected with the underground high-temperature-resistant transformer 104 and the boost rectifying circuit 105 by adopting the special headstock 507, and is mainly used for bearing and lifting of underground instruments, power supply and data transmission. The ac withstand voltage of the cable 103 is not lower than 1200V.
In the embodiment of the invention, the transformation ratio of the high-temperature-resistant transformer 104 is 1:40, and the working frequency is 1500Hz.
In the embodiment of the invention, 50 1.2kV/2A GB02SLT12-214 diodes are respectively connected in series to form a rectifying device rectifying diode I202 and a rectifying diode II 203, and the maximum long-term working temperature is 175 ℃. In order to increase the charging speed without wasting the capacity and volume of the capacitor 201, the capacity of the capacitor 201 is 3.3nF. The capacitor 201 is formed by 10 parallel 10 series capacitors of Vishay high voltage series capacitor with the highest working temperature of 125 ℃, capacity of 3.3nF and withstand voltage of 3kV, and 2 voltage equalizing resistors of 10MΩ/3000V are connected in parallel on each series branch in order to make the voltage distribution among the series capacitors uniform. The protection resistor is formed by a CRS2512 type power resistor with the ratio of 1kΩ/2W in a 6-parallel 92 string mode, and the total resistance value is 15.33kΩ.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage capacitor 106 is a metallized film capacitor, the maximum working temperature is 120 ℃, and the maximum working depth corresponding to the whole high-voltage capacitor charging and discharging device is 4km.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the transformer and the step-up rectifier circuit 105 are integrally sealed in a steel cylinder having an outer diameter of 102mm, an inner diameter of 84mm, and a wall thickness of 9 mm.
In the embodiment of the invention, the amplitude of the output voltage of the frequency conversion device is 600V.
In order to further describe the charging power supply for the underground high-voltage capacitor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the following details are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiment:
Fig. 1 shows an overall structure diagram of the present example, including a frequency conversion device and a cable winch 506 of an uphole portion, a high temperature resistant transformer 104 of a downhole portion, a boost rectifying circuit 105, a storage capacitor 106, and a discharging circuit 107, the uphole portion and the downhole portion being connected by a cable 103.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a boost rectifying circuit in this example, and a specific boost charging device includes a high-temperature-resistant transformer 104 and a boost rectifying circuit 105, where the boost rectifying circuit 105 is composed of a front-end capacitor 201, a first rectifying diode 202, a second rectifying diode 203, a protection resistor, and a load capacitor 204. One end of the front-end capacitor 201 is connected to the negative end of the secondary winding of the high-temperature-resistant transformer 104, and the other end of the front-end capacitor 201 is connected to the positive end of the rectifier diode two 203; the negative terminal of the first rectifying diode 202 is connected to the positive terminal of the second rectifying diode 203; one end of the load capacitor 204 is connected to the negative end of the second rectifier diode 203, and the other end of the load capacitor 204 is connected to the positive end of the secondary winding of the high-temperature-resistant transformer 104. One end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive end of the first rectifying diode 202, and the other end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive end of the secondary winding of the high-temperature resistant transformer 104, so that the volume of the transformer is reduced in order to reduce the output voltage of the high-temperature resistant transformer 104, and a double-voltage boosting rectifying method is adopted, wherein the double-voltage boosting rectifying method comprises the first rectifying diode 202 and the second rectifying diode 203; the front end capacitance 201 is 3.3nF and the load capacitance 204 is 3 μf.
Fig. 3 shows a structure diagram of a cable 103 in this example, where the cable 103 is a seven-core armored logging cable 103, and mainly includes an outer layer steel wire armor 301, an inner layer steel wire armor 302, an outer shielding layer 303, a semiconductive filling layer 304, a fluorine-containing material insulating layer 305, and a soft copper core wire 306, where the outer layer steel wire armor 301, the inner layer steel wire armor 302, the outer shielding layer 303, the semiconductive filling layer 304, the fluorine-containing material insulating layer 305, and the soft copper core wire 306 are sequentially connected from outside to inside, so as to ensure the adaptability of the cable 103 in operation, and the rated dc withstand voltage of the cable 103 in this embodiment is 1200V.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a frequency conversion device according to this example, where the frequency conversion device includes an air switch 501, a soft start circuit 402, a three-phase rectifying circuit, a filter capacitor 404, a full-bridge inverter circuit 405, and a step-up isolation transformer 406, the corresponding phases of the air switch 501, the soft start circuit 402, and the three-phase rectifying circuit are sequentially connected, the three-phase rectifying circuit, the filter capacitor 404, and the full-bridge inverter circuit 405 are arranged in parallel, and an outlet end of the full-bridge inverter circuit 405 is connected with the step-up isolation transformer 406. The ratio of step-up isolation transformer 406 in this embodiment is 1:2.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a structure of a charge-discharge test in this example, including an air switch 501, a frequency conversion device, a cable core-removing wire 503, a cable core-returning wire 504, a cable 103, a cable winch 506, a headstall 507, a magnetic positioning device 508, a high-temperature-resistant transformer 104, a boost rectifying circuit 105, a load capacitor 511, a trigger switch 512 and a discharge gap 513, which are connected as shown in the figure, wherein the core-removing wire 503 and the core-returning wire 504 of a charging circuit of the cable 103 are respectively connected in parallel by two core wires. A headstall 507 and magnetic positioning equipment are added to the front end of the high temperature resistant transformer 104.
Fig. 6 shows waveforms of the single charging and discharging voltages of the load capacitor 204 at 25 ℃ and 120 ℃ in this example, the charging voltage can reach 31.6kV, and the charging time to 30kV is 10.2s. The charging process at 120 ℃ is basically consistent with that at 25 ℃, which indicates that the transformer and the boost rectifying circuit 105 can stably and reliably operate in the environment of 120 ℃, so that the charging power supply can be well adapted to high-temperature operation under deep oil well, and the long-time stable working operation of the charging power supply in a high-temperature state is effectively ensured.
Fig. 7 shows a voltage waveform of the load capacitor 204 when the microstrip cable 103 of the present example is operated at a repetition frequency, the charging and discharging frequency is substantially stabilized at 9.3 s/time, and the time for the voltage of the load capacitor 204 to rise from zero to 30kV is 7.9s, so that the present charging power supply can be effectively and rapidly charged.
The foregoing description of the invention is merely exemplary of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high-voltage capacitor charge-discharge power supply in pit which characterized in that: comprises a frequency conversion device (101), a boosting charging device and a discharging device,
The frequency conversion device (101) comprises an air switch (501), a soft start circuit (402), a three-phase rectifying circuit, a filter capacitor (404) device, a full-bridge inverter circuit (405) and a boost isolation transformer (406), wherein the corresponding phases of the air switch (501), the soft start circuit (402) and the three-phase rectifying circuit are respectively connected in sequence, the three-phase rectifying circuit, the filter capacitor (404) device and the full-bridge inverter circuit (405) are arranged in parallel, and the leading-out end of the full-bridge inverter circuit (405) is connected with the boost isolation transformer (406);
The boosting charging device comprises a high-temperature-resistant transformer (104) and a boosting rectifying circuit (105), wherein the boosting rectifying circuit (105) consists of a front-end capacitor (201), a first rectifying diode (202), a second rectifying diode (203) and a load capacitor (204), one end of the front-end capacitor (201) is connected to the negative end of a secondary winding of the high-temperature-resistant transformer (104), and the other end of the front-end capacitor (201) is connected to the positive end of the second rectifying diode (203); the negative electrode end of the rectifier diode I (202) is connected to the positive electrode end of the rectifier diode II (203); one end of the load capacitor (204) is connected to the negative end of the rectifier diode II (203), and the other end of the load capacitor (204) is connected to the positive end of the secondary winding of the high-temperature-resistant transformer (104);
the frequency conversion device (101) is connected with the boosting charging device through a cable (103),
The discharging device is formed by connecting a trigger gap switch and a liquid trigger gap body.
2. The downhole high voltage capacitor charge and discharge power supply of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic circuit of the high temperature resistant transformer (104) is composed of a plurality of annular iron-based amorphous magnetic cores.
3. The downhole high voltage capacitor charge and discharge power supply of claim 1, wherein: and each of the first rectifying diode (202) and the second rectifying diode (203) is connected with a voltage equalizing resistor in parallel.
4. The downhole high voltage capacitor charge and discharge power supply of claim 1, wherein: the front-end capacitor (201) is formed by connecting a plurality of capacitors in series and then connecting the capacitors in parallel, and each series branch is connected with a voltage equalizing resistor in parallel.
5. The downhole high voltage capacitor charge and discharge power supply of claim 1, wherein: the load capacitor (204) can employ a high temperature resistant capacitor.
6. The downhole high voltage capacitor charge and discharge power supply of claim 1, wherein: the boosting rectifier circuit (105) is immersed in silicone oil and sealed in a metal cylinder, and the metal cylinder is made of high-strength metal materials.
7. The downhole high voltage capacitor charge and discharge power supply of claim 1, wherein: the cable (103) adopts seven core armor logging cable (103), including outer steel wire armor (301), inlayer steel wire armor (302), outer shielding layer (303), semiconductive material filling layer, polyfluoro material insulating layer (305) and soft copper heart yearn (306), outer steel wire armor (301), inlayer steel wire armor (302), outer shielding layer (303), semiconductive material filling layer, polyfluoro material insulating layer (305) and soft copper heart yearn (306) set gradually from outside to inside.
8. The downhole high voltage capacitor charge and discharge power supply of claim 1, wherein: the outgoing line (503) and the return line (504) of the cable (103) are respectively formed by connecting two core wires in parallel.
9. The downhole high voltage capacitor charge and discharge power supply of claim 1, wherein: the boosting charging device is further provided with a protection resistor, one end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive end of the first rectifying diode (202), and the other end of the protection resistor is connected to the positive end of the secondary winding of the high-temperature-resistant transformer (104).
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| CN201910596559.8A CN110350639B (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Charging and discharging power supply for underground high-voltage capacitor |
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| CN201910596559.8A CN110350639B (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Charging and discharging power supply for underground high-voltage capacitor |
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| CN110350639B true CN110350639B (en) | 2024-07-09 |
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| JP2002034245A (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2002-01-31 | Sony Corp | Switching power supply circuit |
| CN105932757B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-06-12 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of constant-current charing system of deep-well impulse capacitor |
| CN107124117A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-01 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of low-frequency electric pulse electric discharge device for de-plugging of well |
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