CN110346342B - Pesticide residue detection method - Google Patents
Pesticide residue detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110346342B CN110346342B CN201910798869.8A CN201910798869A CN110346342B CN 110346342 B CN110346342 B CN 110346342B CN 201910798869 A CN201910798869 A CN 201910798869A CN 110346342 B CN110346342 B CN 110346342B
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- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 Polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 121
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 115
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 115
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6402—Atomic fluorescence; Laser induced fluorescence
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide detection, and particularly relates to a pesticide residue detection method, wherein a pesticide residue detector used in the method comprises a shell, a top cover and a serial interface; the fruit detection device comprises a shell, a motor, an air suction pump, a tray and a detection box, wherein the motor, the air suction pump, the tray and the detection box are arranged in the shell, the air suction pump is matched with the tray to fix fruits, the fruits on the tray are detected through detection equipment in the detection box, and detection data are transmitted to a computer to be analyzed and identified, so that pesticide residues on the fruits can be conveniently and quickly detected; the inside commentaries on classics board, No. two push rods and the stripper plate that is equipped with of top cap, the motion through No. two push rods drives a stripper plate on the commentaries on classics board and extrudees fruit, has strengthened the stability of fruit on the tray when detecting to the accuracy when pesticide residue detector detects has further been improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide detection, and particularly relates to a pesticide residue detection method.
Background
With the increasing importance of food safety in China, the problem of pesticide residue in fruits and vegetables is also greatly concerned. The fruits and vegetables mainly contain two major types of pesticides, namely organophosphorus and carbamate, which have large use amounts and high toxicity. With the increasing importance of food safety in China, the problem of pesticide residue in fruits and vegetables is also greatly concerned.
The existing pesticide residue detection has a plurality of mature and feasible methods, but the methods mostly have the problems of long time consumption, low speed and high detection cost, and are mostly destructive detection, and the detection methods and instruments are complex to operate and difficult to use by common people; when people buy some daily fruits and eat, like common apples, pesticide residues on the surfaces of the fruits cannot be detected and identified, so that certain harm is caused to the health of human bodies by some apples with pesticide residues exceeding the standard.
In view of this, the invention provides a pesticide residue detection method, which increases the edible safety of fruits by using a pesticide residue detector to detect and identify pesticide residues on the surfaces of the fruits.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the pesticide residue detection method, which is used for detecting and identifying the pesticide residue on the surface of the fruit by using the pesticide residue detector, so that the edible safety of the fruit is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a pesticide residue detection method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: washing impurities on the outer surface of the fruit to be subjected to pesticide residue detection with clean water in advance, and wiping off water on the outer surface of the fruit;
s2: after the fruits are pre-cleaned in S1, the object to be subjected to pesticide detection is placed in a tray inside a pesticide residue detector, and then a top cover of the pesticide residue detector is closed;
s3: after the fruits are placed in the pesticide residue detector in S2, connecting the serial interface of the pesticide residue detector with the computer, and turning on the switch of the pesticide residue detector;
s4: after the switch of the pesticide residue detector is turned on in S3, data are transmitted to a computer by using detection equipment inside the pesticide residue detector, and the pesticide residue on the surface of the fruit is identified by using a spectral analysis system of the computer;
the pesticide residue detector used in S2 comprises a shell, a top cover and a serial interface, wherein the top cover is installed at the top of the shell, and the serial interface is installed on the outer surface of the shell; the bottom end in the shell is provided with a motor, the top of the motor is connected with a rotating shaft, the top end of the rotating shaft is connected with a tray, the bottom of the tray is provided with an air suction pump, the air suction pump is connected with an air pipe, the other end of the air pipe is communicated with the bottom of the tray, the middle part of the rotating shaft is arranged in a ball screw manner, and the outer surface of the shell is provided with a slide block, one side of the slide block is provided with a guide rod, the bottom of the guide rod is connected with the bottom surface of the shell, the sliding block is connected on the guide rod in a sliding way, the side surface of the other side of the sliding block is connected with a connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is provided with a detection module, the detection module comprises a detection box, a miniature laser, an optical fiber probe and a spectrometer are arranged in the detection box, the micro laser can excite a fluorescent light source, the optical fiber probe collects excited fluorescent signals, and the spectrometer processes and analyzes the collected fluorescent signals; a controller is arranged in the shell and controls the automatic operation of the instrument; when the device works, objects to be detected, such as apples and the like, are placed in a tray in the pesticide residue detector, and a top cover of the pesticide residue detector is closed, so that the inside of the pesticide residue detector is in a dark state, and the influence of other light sources on a detection result is reduced; the controller controls the suction pump to work at the moment, so that the suction pump exhausts the cavity between the tray and the apple through the vent pipe at the top, the inside of the cavity is in a negative pressure state, the apple is adsorbed on the tray under the action of the negative pressure of the cavity and the external air pressure, the controller controls the motor to work at the same time, the motor drives the connected rotating shaft to rotate during working, the rotating shaft drives the tray connected at the top to rotate on one hand when rotating, so that the tray drives the apple adsorbed at the top to rotate, meanwhile, the rotating shaft drives the sliding block in the middle to upwards slide at the ball screw under the action of the guide rod when rotating, and the sliding block drives the detection box at the top of the connecting rod to upwards move when upwards sliding, so that the micro laser inside the detection box irradiates the outer surface of the rotating apple; the micro laser is used as an excitation light source of fluorescence, the coupling type optical fiber probe is used for realizing that an excitation light incidence optical fiber and a fluorescence receiving optical fiber are distributed in the same optical fiber probe, so that a fluorescence signal is collected, after the optical fiber probe collects the excited fluorescence signal, the optical fiber probe transmits the fluorescence signal to the spectrometer, the spectrometer processes and analyzes the received fluorescence signal, and then the spectrometer transmits the processed data to a spectral analysis system of a computer through a serial interface, so that pesticide residues on the surface of the apple are identified through the spectral analysis system; the method has the advantages that the pesticide residue on the outer surface of the apple is automatically identified through the pesticide residue detector, so that the safety of the apple is greatly improved when the apple is eaten; the pesticide residue detector is simple and quick to operate, meanwhile, certain damage to the appearance and taste of the apple cannot be caused, when the apple is detected to be qualified, the apple does not need to be peeled and eaten, and the apple peel contains various vitamins and other nutrient substances, so that the edible value of the apple is increased.
Preferably, a cutting box is arranged on the side surface of the detection box, a notch is formed in the side surface of the outer end of the cutting box, a cutting knife is arranged inside the cutting box, the outer end of the cutting knife penetrates through the notch to extend out to the outer end of the cutting box, the inner end of the cutting knife is made of soft magnetic materials, the bottom of the cutting knife is connected with a torsion spring, and an electromagnet is arranged on the upper surface inside the detection box; when the apple pesticide residue detection device works, when the apple pesticide residue detection device detects pesticide residues on the apple, the controller controls the electromagnet to work, so that the electromagnet attracts the soft magnet at the inner end of the cutting knife, and the cutting knife rotates to the inner end of the cutting box through the notch under the attraction of the electromagnet; when the pesticide residue on the outer surface of the apple exceeds the standard, the controller controls the electromagnet to stop working, at the moment, the electromagnet does not attract the cutting knife any more, the cutting knife rotates out to the outer end of the cutting box under the action of the bottom torsion spring, so that the cutting edge at the outer end of the cutting knife is contacted with the outer surface of the apple, meanwhile, the controller controls the rotating shaft to rotate so as to drive the apples on the tray to rotate, and simultaneously the rotating shaft drives the cutting knife on the cutting box to move downwards through the sliding block and the connecting rod, namely, the cutting edge of the cutting knife makes spiral rotary motion relative to the outer surface of the apple, and the outer surface of the apple is extruded in the process of downward motion of the cutting knife, so that the cutting edge of the cutting knife cuts the apple peel under the action of the torsion spring, therefore, the function of automatically removing the apple peel with unqualified pesticide detection is achieved, the pesticide residue on the outer surface of the apple is effectively reduced, and the edible safety of the apple is enhanced.
Preferably, a first push rod is arranged at the top of the detection box, an arc-shaped rotating rod is arranged inside the top cover, the middle part of the rotating rod is hinged to the side surface of the top cover, a first extrusion plate is arranged at the end part of the inner end of the rotating rod, a second push rod is connected to the outer end of the rotating rod, and the second push rod and the first push rod are located on the same vertical line; when the apple detection device works, when an apple is detected, the controller controls the rotating shaft to rotate, the detection box is driven to move upwards, the first push rod at the top is driven to move upwards when the detection box moves upwards, until the upper surface of the first push rod is contacted with the lower surface of the second push rod, the second push rod at the top is driven to move upwards when the first push rod continues moving upwards, the outer end of the rotating rod connected with the top is extruded in the process that the second push rod moves upwards, so that the rotating rod rotates under the pressure of the second push rod, the first extrusion plate at the inner end of the rotating rod is driven to move downwards when the rotating rod rotates, the first extrusion plate extrudes the apple at the bottom when the first extrusion plate moves downwards, the bottom of the apple is in close contact with the inner surface of the tray under the pressure of the first extrusion plate, the tray and the bottom of the apple are adsorbed more tightly, and the shaking or falling-off generated when the tray drives the apple to rotate is reduced, the occurrence that detection equipment is inaccurate due to the shaking of the apples is effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the pesticide residue detector for detecting the pesticide residue on the apples is greatly improved.
Preferably, the end part of the outer end of the rotating rod is provided with a second extrusion plate, the top of the second extrusion plate is provided with an air bag, a pesticide detergent is arranged in the air bag, and the side surface of the inner end of the air bag is provided with a nozzle; the during operation, when the pesticide residue on apple surface detects unqualifiedly, the bull stick continues to rotate under the extrusion of No. two push rods, the bull stick drives the stripper plate rebound of bull stick outer end when rotating, extrude the gasbag at top during stripper plate rebound, make the inside pesticide detergent of gasbag spray on the apple surface of bottom through the nozzle, thereby wash the pesticide of the surface of apple, greatly reduced the pesticide residue of apple surface, the edible security of apple has further been strengthened.
Preferably, a group of annular and uniformly distributed coring knives are arranged at the bottom of the first extrusion plate, and the cross section of each coring knife is arc-shaped; the during operation, drive the in-process of an stripper plate downstream when changeing the board, the sword of denucleating of annular equipartition in stripper plate bottom is inside by the extrusion income apple, when the cutting of apple peel is accomplished, controller control aspirator pump stop work, make the tray no longer adsorb the apple bottom, when opening the top cap of pesticide residue detector, insert the inside sword of denucleating of apple and take the apple out along with the in-process that the top cap was opened, the apple on the sword of denucleating of artifical rotating this moment, make the sword of denucleating rotate for the apple, thereby make the cross sectional shape carry out the rotary-cut for the inside kernel of apple of curved sword of denucleating, the eating of apple after having made things convenient for the pesticide to detect.
Preferably, a group of annularly and uniformly distributed wavy elastic pads are arranged on the side wall of the inner surface of the tray, and each elastic pad is composed of an elastic Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) expanded sealing material; the during operation, the cushion that comprises elasticity PTFE inflation sealing material is soft and pliable and tough, has high compressibility, places at the apple and detects at the tray top, and the corresponding deformation can take place according to the apple of different specifications size to the cushion for in close contact with between apple and the tray strengthens the adsorptivity between apple and the tray, has strengthened the stability of apple on the tray when detecting greatly, thereby has further improved the accuracy that the pesticide residue detector detected the apple.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. according to the pesticide residue detection method provided by the invention, the motor, the air suction pump, the tray and the detection box are matched, the fruit on the tray is detected through the detection equipment in the detection box, and the data is transmitted to the computer for analysis and identification, so that the pesticide residue on the fruit is conveniently and quickly detected.
2. According to the method for detecting the pesticide residue, the rotating plate, the second push rod and the first extrusion plate in the pesticide residue detector are matched with each other, so that the stability of fruits on the tray during detection is enhanced, and the detection accuracy of the pesticide residue detector is further improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the pesticide residue detector of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a pesticide residue detector according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 5;
in the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, a motor 11, a rotating shaft 12, a tray 13, an elastic pad 131, an air suction pump 14, a vent pipe 15, a sliding block 16, a guide rod 17, a connecting rod 18, a top cover 2, a rotating rod 21, a first extrusion plate 22, a second push rod 23, a second extrusion plate 24, an air bag 25, a nozzle 26, a coring knife 27, a serial interface 3, a detection module 4, a detection box 41, a cutting box 5, a notch 51, a cutting knife 52, a torsion spring 53, an electromagnet 54 and a first push rod 55.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, the method for detecting pesticide residue according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1: washing impurities on the outer surface of the fruit to be subjected to pesticide residue detection with clean water in advance, and wiping off water on the outer surface of the fruit;
s2: after the fruits are pre-cleaned in S1, the object to be subjected to pesticide detection is placed in a tray inside a pesticide residue detector, and then a top cover of the pesticide residue detector is closed;
s3: after the fruits are placed in the pesticide residue detector in S2, connecting the serial interface of the pesticide residue detector with the computer, and turning on the switch of the pesticide residue detector;
s4: after the switch of the pesticide residue detector is turned on in S3, data are transmitted to a computer by using detection equipment inside the pesticide residue detector, and the pesticide residue on the surface of the fruit is identified by using a spectral analysis system of the computer;
the pesticide residue detector used in S2 comprises a shell 1, a top cover 2 and a serial interface 3, wherein the top cover 2 is installed at the top of the shell 1, and the serial interface 3 is installed on the outer surface of the shell 1; the detection device comprises a shell 1, a motor 11 is installed at the bottom end inside the shell 1, the top of the motor 11 is connected with a rotating shaft 12, the top end of the rotating shaft 12 is connected with a tray 13, an air suction pump 14 is arranged at the bottom of the tray 13, an air pipe 15 is connected onto the air suction pump 14, the other end of the air pipe is communicated with the bottom of the tray 13, the middle of the rotating shaft 12 is arranged in a ball screw manner, a sliding block 16 is arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, a guide rod 17 is arranged on one side of the sliding block 16, the bottom of the guide rod 17 is connected onto the bottom surface of the shell 1, the sliding block 16 is connected onto the guide rod 17 in a sliding manner, a connecting rod 18 is connected onto the side surface of the other side of the sliding block 16, a detection module 4 is arranged at the top of the connecting rod 18, the detection module 4 comprises a detection box 41, a micro laser, an optical fiber probe and a spectrometer are installed in the detection box 41, the micro laser can excite a fluorescent light source, and the optical fiber probe can collect excited fluorescent signals, the spectrometer processes and analyzes the collected fluorescence signals; a controller is arranged in the shell 1 and controls the automatic operation of the instrument; when the device works, objects to be detected, such as apples and the like, are placed in the tray 13 in the pesticide residue detector, and the top cover 2 of the pesticide residue detector is closed, so that the inside of the pesticide residue detector is in a dark state, and the influence of other light sources on a detection result is reduced; at the moment, the controller controls the air suction pump 14 to work, so that the air suction pump 14 sucks air from a cavity between the tray 13 and the apple through the air pipe 15 at the top, the inside of the cavity is in a negative pressure state, the apple is adsorbed on the tray 13 under the action of the negative pressure of the cavity and the external air pressure, meanwhile, the controller controls the motor 11 to start working, the motor 11 drives the connected rotating shaft 12 to rotate when working, the rotating shaft 12 drives the tray 13 connected at the top to rotate on the one hand when rotating, so that the tray 13 drives the apple adsorbed at the top to rotate, meanwhile, the rotating shaft 12 drives the sliding block 16 at the middle part to upwards slide at the ball screw under the action of the guide rod 17 when rotating, and the sliding block 16 drives the detection box 41 at the top of the connecting rod 18 to upwards move when upwards sliding, so that the micro laser inside the detection box 41 irradiates the outer surface of the rotating apple; the micro laser is used as an excitation light source of fluorescence, the coupling type optical fiber probe is used for realizing that an excitation light incidence optical fiber and a fluorescence receiving optical fiber are distributed in the same optical fiber probe, so that a fluorescence signal is collected, after the optical fiber probe collects the excited fluorescence signal, the optical fiber probe transmits the fluorescence signal to the spectrometer, the spectrometer processes and analyzes the received fluorescence signal, and then the spectrometer transmits the processed data to a spectral analysis system of a computer through a serial interface 3, so that pesticide residues on the surface of the apple are identified through the spectral analysis system; the method has the advantages that the pesticide residue on the outer surface of the apple is automatically identified through the pesticide residue detector, so that the safety of the apple is greatly improved when the apple is eaten; the pesticide residue detector is simple and quick to operate, meanwhile, certain damage to the appearance and taste of the apple cannot be caused, when the apple is detected to be qualified, the apple does not need to be peeled and eaten, and the apple peel contains various vitamins and other nutrient substances, so that the edible value of the apple is increased.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a cutting box 5 is disposed on a side surface of the detection box 41, a notch 51 is disposed on a side surface of an outer end of the cutting box 5, a cutting blade 52 is disposed inside the cutting box 5, an outer end of the cutting blade 52 passes through the notch 51 and extends out to an outer end of the cutting box 5, an inner end of the cutting blade 52 is made of a soft magnetic material, a torsion spring 53 is connected to a bottom of the cutting blade 52, and an electromagnet 54 is disposed on an upper surface inside the detection box 41; when the apple pesticide residue detection device works, when the apple pesticide residue detection device is used for detecting pesticide residues, the controller controls the electromagnet 54 to work, so that the electromagnet 54 attracts the soft magnet at the inner end of the cutting blade 52, and the cutting blade 52 rotates to the inner end of the cutting box 5 through the notch 51 under the attraction of the electromagnet 54; when the pesticide residue on the outer surface of the apple exceeds the standard, the controller controls the electromagnet 54 to stop working, at this time, the electromagnet 54 does not attract the cutting knife 52 any more, the cutting knife 52 rotates out to the outer end of the cutting box 5 under the action of the bottom torsion spring 53, so that the blade at the outer end of the cutting knife 52 is in mutual contact with the outer surface of the apple, meanwhile, the controller controls the rotating shaft 12 to rotate to drive the apple on the tray 13, and simultaneously, the rotating shaft 12 drives the cutting knife 52 on the cutting box 5 to move downwards through the slider 16 and the connecting rod 18, namely, the blade of the cutting knife 52 makes spiral rotary motion relative to the outer surface of the apple, and the outer surface of the apple is extruded in the process of downward movement of the cutting knife 52, so that the blade of the cutting knife 52 cuts the apple peel under the action of the torsion spring 53, thereby achieving the function of automatically removing the unqualified apple peel, effectively reduces the pesticide residue on the outer surface of the apple and enhances the edible safety of the apple.
As an embodiment of the invention, a first push rod 55 is arranged at the top of the detection box 41, an arc-shaped rotating rod 21 is arranged inside the top cover 2, the middle part of the rotating rod 21 is hinged to the side surface of the top cover 2, a first extrusion plate 22 is arranged at the end part of the inner end of the rotating rod 21, a second push rod 23 is connected to the outer end of the rotating rod 21, and the second push rod 23 and the first push rod 55 are located on the same vertical line; when the apple tree planting machine works, when an apple tree is detected, the controller controls the rotating shaft 12 to rotate, the detecting box 41 is driven to move upwards, the first push rod 55 at the top is driven to move upwards when the detecting box 41 moves upwards, until the upper surface of the first push rod 55 is contacted with the lower surface of the second push rod 23, the second push rod 23 at the top is driven to move upwards when the first push rod 55 continues to move upwards, the outer end of the rotating rod 21 connected with the top is extruded in the process that the second push rod 23 moves upwards, so that the rotating rod 21 rotates under the pressure of the second push rod 23, the first extrusion plate 22 at the inner end of the rotating rod 21 is driven to move downwards when the rotating rod 21 rotates, the first extrusion plate 22 extrudes the apple at the bottom when the first extrusion plate 22 moves downwards, so that the bottom of the apple is in close contact with the inner surface of the tray 13 under the pressure of the first extrusion plate 22, and the tray 13 and the bottom of the apple are adsorbed more tightly, the shaking or falling of the apple driven by the tray 13 is reduced, the inaccurate detection caused by the shaking of the apple on the detection equipment is effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the pesticide residue detector for detecting the pesticide residue on the apple is greatly improved.
As an embodiment of the invention, the end part of the outer end of the rotating rod 21 is provided with a second extrusion plate 24, the top of the second extrusion plate 24 is provided with an air bag 25, a pesticide detergent is arranged in the air bag 25, and the side surface of the inner end of the air bag 25 is provided with a nozzle 26; the during operation, when the pesticide residue on apple surface detects unqualifiedly, bull stick 21 continues to rotate under the extrusion of No. two push rods 23, bull stick 21 drives the 24 upward movements of No. two stripper plates of bull stick 21 outer end during the rotation, extrude the gasbag 25 at top during No. two stripper plates 24 upward movements, make the inside pesticide detergent of gasbag 25 spray on the apple surface of bottom through nozzle 26, thereby wash the pesticide of the surface of apple, greatly reduced the pesticide residue of apple surface, the edible security of apple has further been strengthened.
As an embodiment of the invention, a group of annular and uniformly distributed coring knives 27 are arranged at the bottom of the first extrusion plate 22, and the cross section of each coring knife 27 is arc-shaped; the during operation, in-process when the rotor plate drives an stripper plate 22 downstream, the sword 27 that denucleates of stripper plate 22 bottom annular equipartition is inside by the extrusion income apple, when the cutting of apple peel is accomplished, controller control aspirator pump 14 stop work, make tray 13 no longer adsorb the apple bottom, when opening pesticide residue detector's top cap 2, insert the inside sword 27 that denucleates of apple and take the apple out along with the in-process that top cap 2 opened, the apple on the artifical rotation sword 27 that denucleates this moment, make the sword 27 that denucleates rotate for the apple, thereby make the cross sectional shape carry out the rotary-cut for curved sword 27 that denucleates the inside kernel of apple, the eating of apple after having made things convenient for the pesticide to detect.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a set of annularly and uniformly distributed wavy elastic pads 131 is disposed on the side wall of the inner surface of the tray 13, and the elastic pads 131 are made of elastic Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) expanded sealing material; the during operation, elastic pad 131 that comprises elasticity PTFE inflation sealing material is soft and pliable and tough, has high compressibility, place at tray 13 top at the apple and examine time measuring, corresponding deformation takes place for elastic pad 131 can take place according to the apple of different specifications size for in close contact with between apple and the tray 13, strengthen the adsorptivity between apple and the tray 13, strengthened the stability of the apple on the tray 13 when examining greatly, thereby further improved the accuracy that the pesticide residue detector detected the apple.
When the device works, objects to be detected, such as apples and the like, are placed in the tray 13 in the pesticide residue detector, and the top cover 2 of the pesticide residue detector is closed, so that the inside of the pesticide residue detector is in a dark state, and the influence of other light sources on a detection result is reduced; at the moment, the controller controls the air suction pump 14 to work, so that the air suction pump 14 sucks air from a cavity between the tray 13 and the apple through the air pipe 15 at the top, the inside of the cavity is in a negative pressure state, the apple is adsorbed on the tray 13 under the action of the negative pressure of the cavity and the external air pressure, meanwhile, the controller controls the motor 11 to start working, the motor 11 drives the connected rotating shaft 12 to rotate when working, the rotating shaft 12 drives the tray 13 connected at the top to rotate on the one hand when rotating, so that the tray 13 drives the apple adsorbed at the top to rotate, meanwhile, the rotating shaft 12 drives the sliding block 16 at the middle part to upwards slide at the ball screw under the action of the guide rod 17 when rotating, and the sliding block 16 drives the detection box 41 at the top of the connecting rod 18 to upwards move when upwards sliding, so that the micro laser inside the detection box 41 irradiates the outer surface of the rotating apple; the micro laser is used as an excitation light source of fluorescence, the coupling type optical fiber probe is used for realizing that an excitation light incidence optical fiber and a fluorescence receiving optical fiber are distributed in the same optical fiber probe, so that a fluorescence signal is collected, after the optical fiber probe collects the excited fluorescence signal, the optical fiber probe transmits the fluorescence signal to the spectrometer, the spectrometer processes and analyzes the received fluorescence signal, and then the spectrometer transmits the processed data to a spectral analysis system of a computer through a serial interface 3, so that pesticide residues on the surface of the apple are identified through the spectral analysis system; the method has the advantages that the pesticide residue on the outer surface of the apple is automatically identified through the pesticide residue detector, so that the safety of the apple is greatly improved when the apple is eaten; the pesticide residue detector is simple and quick to operate, meanwhile, certain damage to the appearance and taste of the apple cannot be caused, when the apple is detected to be qualified, the apple does not need to be peeled and eaten, and the apple peel contains various vitamins and other nutrient substances, so that the edible value of the apple is increased.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A pesticide residue detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: washing impurities on the outer surface of the fruit to be subjected to pesticide residue detection with clean water in advance, and wiping off water on the outer surface of the fruit;
s2: after the fruits are pre-cleaned in S1, the object to be subjected to pesticide detection is placed in a tray inside a pesticide residue detector, and then a top cover of the pesticide residue detector is closed;
s3: after the fruits are placed in the pesticide residue detector in S2, connecting the serial interface of the pesticide residue detector with the computer, and turning on the switch of the pesticide residue detector;
s4: after the switch of the pesticide residue detector is turned on in S3, data are transmitted to a computer by using detection equipment inside the pesticide residue detector, and the pesticide residue on the surface of the fruit is identified by using a spectral analysis system of the computer;
the pesticide residue detector used in S2 comprises a shell (1), a top cover (2) and a serial interface (3), wherein the top cover (2) is installed at the top of the shell (1), and the serial interface (3) is installed on the outer surface of the shell (1); the bottom in the shell (1) is provided with a motor (11), the top of the motor (11) is connected with a rotating shaft (12), the top of the rotating shaft (12) is connected with a tray (13), the bottom of the tray (13) is provided with an air suction pump (14), the air suction pump (14) is connected with an air pipe (15), the other end of the air pipe is communicated with the bottom of the tray (13), the middle of the rotating shaft (12) is set into a ball screw form, the outer surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a sliding block (16), one side of the sliding block (16) is provided with a guide rod (17), the bottom of the guide rod (17) is connected onto the bottom surface of the shell (1), the sliding block (16) is connected onto the guide rod (17) in a sliding manner, the side surface of the other side of the sliding block (16) is connected with a connecting rod (18), the top of the connecting rod (18) is provided with a detection module (4), and the detection module (4) comprises a detection box (41), a micro laser, an optical fiber probe and a spectrometer are arranged in the detection box (41), the micro laser can excite a fluorescent light source, the optical fiber probe collects excited fluorescent signals, and the spectrometer processes and analyzes the collected fluorescent signals; a controller is arranged in the shell (1) and controls the automatic operation of the instrument; motor (11) during operation drive pivot (12) of connection and rotate, pivot (12) drive tray (13) that the top is connected when rotating on the one hand and rotate, make tray (13) drive the absorbent apple in top and rotate, pivot (12) drive slider (16) at middle part when rotating simultaneously and locate the upwards slip in ball under the effect of guide arm (17), slider (16) drive detection box (41) the upward movement at connecting rod (18) top when upwards sliding, make the inside miniature laser ware of detection box (41) to shine the surface of rotating the apple.
2. The method for detecting pesticide residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: be equipped with cutting box (5) on the side of detection box (41), be provided with notch (51) on the side of cutting box (5) outer end, cutting box (5) inside is equipped with cutting sword (52), cutting sword (52) outer end passes notch (51) and stretches out to cutting box (5) outer end, cutting sword (52) inner comprises soft magnet material, cutting sword (52) bottom is connected with torsional spring (53), be equipped with electro-magnet (54) on the upper surface of detection box (41) inside.
3. The method for detecting pesticide residue according to claim 2, characterized in that: detect box (41) top and be equipped with push rod (55) No. one, top cap (2) inside is equipped with curved bull stick (21), bull stick (21) middle part articulates on the side of top cap (2), bull stick (21) inner tip is equipped with stripper plate (22) No. one, bull stick (21) outer end is connected with push rod (23) No. two, push rod (23) No. two are located same vertical line with push rod (55).
4. The method for detecting pesticide residue according to claim 3, characterized in that: the pesticide spraying device is characterized in that a second extrusion plate (24) is arranged at the end part of the outer end of the rotating rod (21), an air bag (25) is arranged at the top of the second extrusion plate (24), a pesticide detergent is arranged inside the air bag (25), and a nozzle (26) is arranged on the side surface of the inner end of the air bag (25).
5. The method for detecting pesticide residue according to claim 3, characterized in that: a denucleate sword (27) that denucleates that a set of annular equipartition was equipped with in stripper plate (22) bottom, the cross sectional shape of denucleating sword (27) sets up to the arc form.
6. The method for detecting pesticide residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the inner surface of the tray (13) is provided with a group of annular uniformly distributed wavy elastic pads (131), and the elastic pads (131) are formed by elastic Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) expanded sealing materials.
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Effective date of registration: 20211223 Address after: 310000 south 2nd floor, building 2, No. 16, Longtan Road, Cangqian street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: ZHEJIANG HAOTIAN TESTING TECHNOLOGY SERVICE CO.,LTD. Address before: 230000 building 4, Institute of plasma physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jinggang Town, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee before: Su Yinhua |