CN110345809A - External tracking mode laser transceiver - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an external tracking laser transceiver, in particular to the shooting training for simulating heavy weapons with a fire control system in the training of laser confrontation exercises. The laser transceiver has both laser receiving and emitting functions. It is directly clamped at the front end of the weapon's sight. By receiving the indicating laser coaxial with the sight in real time, it can track the weapon sight in real time, that is, the aiming line of the fire control system. The line direction corrects the laser emission direction in real time, and always ensures that the laser irradiation position is consistent with the aiming point. This laser transceiver has changed the previous way that the laser emitting device was installed on the barrel and needs to be manually calibrated parallel to the axis of the sight, avoiding the deviation of the calibration state caused by calibration deviation and bumps and vibrations during use, and reducing the user's concern about the launch. Machine installation accuracy requirements. Due to the adoption of the method of externally connected real-time line-of-sight acquisition, the combat laser is launched in the direction of the line-of-sight, which improves the hit rate and training effect.

Description

External tracking laser transceiver

technical field

The invention discloses an external tracking type laser transceiver device, which belongs to the technical field of military laser simulation training systems, and in particular relates to the laser emission of heavy weapons with a fire control system used in anti-laser combat exercises.

Background technique

In armored heavy weapons such as tanks, most of the scopes used for shooting are fire control systems with automatic tracking and stabilization functions. The gyro-stabilized optical component in the fire control system has the function of line-of-sight stabilization, that is, no matter how the tank moves, the optical line-of-sight (point of sight) can press the target without jumping and shaking, and the ballistic computer will also monitor the impact point of the artillery in real time. Adjust to the aiming point. Therefore, the shooter in the tank can not only see the stable aiming point and the target, but also the shells can automatically fall on the aiming point, that is, "point and hit that". All the shooter has to do is to operate the aiming point and aim at the target at all times. , the shells can accurately fall on the target aligned with the aiming point.

In the confrontation exercise training, laser firing is used instead of live ammunition for combat training. For heavy weapon laser transmitters with fire control systems, most of the installation methods in the past are clamped on the barrel or placed in the barrel. Before use, the aiming line of the scope and the laser emission axis must be calibrated before use. If the calibration is not accurate enough or the calibration state of the aiming line of the scope and the laser emitting optical axis is destroyed due to bumps or vibrations, the laser will deviate from the aiming point, and the laser can only be used after recalibration. Moreover, the calibration of the laser transmitter needs to be completed with the help of auxiliary tooling or specific targets, which is not convenient for on-site correction of the calibration status. Relying solely on initial calibration can only guarantee the accuracy of shooting under static shooting conditions, that is, you need to stop moving forward before aiming and shooting; but in the process of dynamic shooting, the real-time correction of the aiming point by the fire control system is stable, and the weapon barrel If there is shaking, the attitude change makes the laser spot unable to synchronize with the aiming point, which will inevitably cause the laser to deviate from the current aiming point, resulting in the inability to accurately hit the target and greatly reducing the training effect.

Therefore, for previous heavy weapon laser transmitters, there are the following disadvantages:

1. The installation method is clamped on the gun barrel, which is easy to be bumped;

2. Static calibration is required before use, which requires high calibration accuracy;

3. The calibration state is easy to destroy and needs to be re-calibrated, and the calibration method is complicated;

4. During the dynamic shooting process, the laser hit point and the aiming point deviate from each other, making shooting training impossible.

How to solve the above-mentioned problem that the laser hit point and the aiming point cannot be synchronized, avoid the cumbersome laser calibration process, and facilitate the operation of the user has become a problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

For the above-mentioned shortcomings that existing heavy weapon laser transmitters exist, the purpose of the present invention includes:

1. Replace manual calibration by automatic tracking, even if deviation occurs, the calibration status can be automatically restored;

2. Under dynamic shooting conditions, the laser hit point is still consistent with the aiming point;

3. Reduce manual operation and lower requirements for users.

For this reason, the technical method that the present invention designs is: find the spatial direction of the line of sight of the fire control system, and launch the combating laser according to this direction, can realize the effect of "pointing where to strike". The fire control systems of armored heavy weapons are all in the form of a closed structure. The device of the present invention is socketed and fixed on the outside of the window of the fire control system for outward observation, monitors the direction of the line of sight of the fire control system in real time, and controls laser emission in real time through a two-dimensional tracking motor. Keep the axis parallel to it, and the laser beam emitted at this time will hit the aimed target exactly.

This device adopts the design of light splitting light path, which does not affect the normal observation and aiming of the shooter, but only a small part of light is separated from the main light path for real-time monitoring of the direction of the aiming line.

Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention is: an external tracking laser transceiver, including a fixture, a housing, a combined laser transceiver lens barrel, and a tracking adjustment mechanism, and a tracking adjustment mechanism and a combined laser transceiver are set in the housing. The lens barrel, the clamp is a combined clamp, and the clamp fixes the shell on the shell of the fire control sight;

The combined laser transmitting and receiving lens barrel is composed of a laser receiving lens barrel and a laser emitting lens barrel, and a laser emitting lens barrel and a laser receiving lens barrel are arranged in the housing, and the laser receiving lens barrel includes a turning lens barrel, a focusing lens barrel and a position sensor, the laser emitting lens barrel includes a laser and a collimating lens barrel, the optical axis of the focusing lens barrel is preset parallel to the optical axis of the laser emitting lens barrel, the position sensor is arranged on the rear side of the focusing lens barrel and the position sensor Located on the optical focal plane of the focusing lens barrel;

The tracking adjustment mechanism is connected with the combined laser transceiver lens barrel, and the tracking adjustment mechanism is controlled by a feedback circuit.

Further, it also includes a pointing light laser and a mirror. The pointing light laser is arranged under the sight eyepiece of the tank, and the mirror is preset at the front end of the sight eyepiece to couple the pointing laser into the optical path of the sight in a coaxial manner.

The turning lens barrel includes a plane reflector and a right-angle roof prism, the right-angle roof prism is aligned with the focusing lens barrel, the position sensor is located on the optical focal plane of the focusing lens barrel, and the indicating laser passes through the focus lens barrel The focusing effect forms a focus point on the surface of the position sensor, the optical axis of the focusing lens barrel passes through the center of the position sensor, and the turning lens barrel turns the line of sight direction parallel into the combined laser transceiver lens barrel. The turning lens barrel extends from top to bottom and is located at the front end of the observation window of the collimator, and the plane reflector of the turning lens barrel is a piece of plane reflector coated with a partial reflection film.

The tracking adjustment mechanism is composed of a horizontal motor, a vertical motor, a horizontal electromagnetic brake, a vertical electromagnetic brake, a horizontal shaft, a vertical shaft, a rotating frame, and a feedback circuit. One end of the vertical motor is screwed to the combined laser transceiver lens barrel, and the other end is connected to the right side of the rotating frame. Screw connection, one end of the vertical shaft is screwed to the combined laser transceiver lens barrel, the other end passes through the vertical electromagnetic brake, and is connected to the left side of the rotating frame, the vertical electromagnetic brake is screwed to the left side of the rotating frame, and the upper and lower sides of the rotating frame are respectively connected to the The horizontal shaft is screwed, the lower horizontal shaft is connected to the housing shaft, the upper horizontal shaft passes through the horizontal electromagnetic brake, and is screwed to the horizontal motor, the horizontal electromagnetic brake is screwed to the top of the housing, and the horizontal motor is screwed to the top cover of the housing. The tracking adjustment mechanism drives the combined laser transceiver lens barrel to perform two-dimensional rotation, and tracks the line of sight and points to the target in real time.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the external tracking laser transceiver avoids the cumbersome manual calibration process, can complete the line-of-sight tracking in real time and emits the laser in the same direction as the line-of-sight, and can always maintain the engagement laser during static shooting or dynamic shooting. The coincidence relationship between the hit point and the aim point is simple to operate and easy to install.

Description of drawings

Figures 1-3 are schematic diagrams of the relationship between the aiming point and the drop point of the shell when the car body swings;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the indicating laser of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall installation effect of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the optical paths of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the feedback tracking scanning mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the hem effect of the vertical motor of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the upswing effect of the vertical motor of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the swing effect of the horizontal motor of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the up-swing follow-up effect of the feedback tracking scanning mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the hem following effect of the feedback tracking scanning mechanism of the present invention;

13-15 are schematic diagrams of the final hit effect of the present invention.

Labels in the figure:

1-tank; 2- ballistic; 3- aiming line; 4- hit point; 5- aiming point; 6- gunner; 7- mirror; 8- indicating laser; 9- tank aiming system; 10- indicating laser; 11- fire control sight shell; 12- fixture; 13- external tracking laser transceiver; 14- combined laser transceiver lens barrel; 15- laser receiving lens barrel; 16- laser emitting lens barrel; 17- focusing lens tube light Axis; 18- optical axis of laser emitting tube; 19- turning tube; 20- focusing tube; 21- position sensor; 22- combat laser; 23- horizontal motor; 24- horizontal electromagnetic brake; 25- rotating bracket; - Vertical motor; 27- Vertical electromagnetic brake; 28- Indicating laser focusing spot.

Detailed ways

With reference to accompanying drawing 1～15, the present invention is described in further detail:

As shown in Figures 1-3, when the tank 1 is shooting with live ammunition in motion, no matter whether the vehicle body is in a horizontal or pitched state, the aiming line of the fire control system can be stably aimed at the target all the time under the control of the internal gyro system. Will jump or shake, the gunner simply manipulates the reticle and holds down the target. The fire control system will control the artillery in real time so that the end point of the trajectory coincides with the aiming point, that is, the shell falls accurately on the aiming point. In the figure, the fire control system will always control the trajectory 2 and the aiming line 3 to meet at the hit point 4, so it can be considered that the aiming line 3 points to the hit point 4 at all times, that is, the aiming point 5 always coincides with the hit point 4 on the target .

As shown in Figure 4, the tank’s own fire control system (sight) is within the range of the double-dot dash line frame, which is a closed part of the weapon and cannot be opened and disassembled. The tank’s fire control system has the following characteristics: it is exposed from the top of the tank and viewed outwards The optical axis can keep stably pointing to the target with the rotation of the large internal gyro-controlled reflector, no matter whether the tank is shaking or not. The optical axis aiming line 3 is reversely deflected relative to the tank, that is, the tank body deflects downward by an angle, and the aiming line 3 can immediately reversely deflect the same angle, so the aiming line can always point to the target without moving.

In this embodiment, a beam of reference laser light is injected into the eyepiece of the tank aiming system 9 through lateral reflection, and the laser beam is emitted after passing through the fire control system. Since the beam passes through the same optical path as the aiming line, it has gyro stabilization. The function can always point to the target without shaking. As shown in Figure 3, outside the fire control system, an external tracking laser transceiver 13 is installed, which includes a laser receiving lens barrel 15 and a laser emitting lens barrel 16, both of which are integrated and have parallel optical axes. The motor is attached to the frame and is capable of two-dimensional rotation. The laser receiving lens barrel can track the optical axis direction of the reference light, and keep it parallel to the reference light. At the same time, it can launch the combat laser for training to the target in this direction. In this way, the laser used for training and the line of sight of the fire control system are coaxially stable, and the laser hit point is consistent with the hit point of the tank.

A mirror 7 is preset before the eyepiece of the tank aiming system 9, and the indicating laser 10 sent by the indicating light laser 8 is coupled into the tank aiming system 9 in a coaxial manner under the condition of not blocking the sight of the gunner 6, because it is the same axis input, the indicating laser 10 is kept parallel to the aiming line 3 at all times, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the indicating laser 10 points to the hit point 4 at all times.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the interior of the double-dot dash line frame is divided into a tank fire control system, which is integrated with the vehicle body. Under the condition of lighting the indicating laser 10, clamp the clamp 12 firmly on the shell 11 of the fire control sight, and then screw the external tracking laser transceiver 13 to the clamp 12, and the external tracking laser transceiver 13 can move along the clamp 12 slide and fine-tune, so that the pointer laser 10 can be received by the combined laser transceiver lens barrel 14. Combined laser transceiver lens barrel 14 comprises laser receiving lens barrel 15 and laser emitting lens barrel 16, and described laser receiving lens barrel 15 is made up of turning lens barrel 19, focusing lens barrel 20 and position sensor 21, and turning lens barrel 19 can be to indication The laser light 10 turns parallel and reversely, the position sensor 21 is located on the focal plane of the focusing lens barrel 20, indicating that the laser light 10 is focused to the center of the position sensor 21, and the optical axis 17 of the focusing lens barrel is parallel to the aiming line 4. The optical axis 18 of the laser emitting lens barrel is preset parallel to the optical axis 17 of the focusing lens barrel, so the emission direction of the combat laser 22 is always parallel to the optical axis 17 of the focusing lens barrel.

As shown in Figure 7, the tracking adjustment mechanism mainly includes a horizontal motor 23, a horizontal electromagnetic brake 24, a rotating frame 25, a vertical motor 26, a vertical electromagnetic brake 27, etc., wherein the vertical motor 26 is screwed with the combined laser transceiver lens barrel 14, and It is screwed to the rotating frame 25, and the rotating frame 25 is connected to the horizontal motor 23 as a shaft.

As can be seen from Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, the vertical motor 26 drives the combined laser transceiver lens barrel 14 to perform scanning motion in the vertical plane, and the horizontal motor 23 drives the rotating frame 25 to perform scanning motion in the horizontal plane, thereby realizing the combination The two-dimensional scanning tracking of the type laser transceiver lens barrel 14.

As shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12: the inside of the double-dot dash line frame is divided into a tank fire control system, which is integrated with the vehicle body. In the left figure, when the line of sight 3 deflects downward relative to the vehicle body, the combined laser transceiver lens barrel 14 of the external tracking laser transceiver 13 also deflects downward; When the body is deflected upwards, the combined laser transceiver lens barrel 14 of the external tracking laser transceiver 13 is deflected upwards. Therefore, through servo control, the axis 18 of the laser emitting lens barrel of the external tracking laser transceiver 13 is always kept in the same direction as the line of sight 3 .

The result of the two-dimensional scanning and tracking is: the combined laser transceiver lens barrel 14 moves with the scanning of the indicating laser 10, and the focusing light spot 28 of the indicating laser falls on the center of the position sensor 21 all the time, and the optical axis 17 of the focusing lens barrel remains in line with the aiming line 3 all the time. Parallel, thereby realizing that the axis 18 of the laser emitting lens barrel is always parallel to the aiming line 3 .

It can be seen from Figures 13-15 that no matter what attitude the tank 1 is shooting at, the engagement laser 22 is always kept parallel to the line of sight 3, that is, the engagement laser 22 always falls above the hit point 4, and the distance between them is a fixed few. centimeter. Since the distance of a few centimeters is very small at a shooting distance of several thousand meters, it is completely invisible in the scope and can be ignored. Therefore, the final effect is that the laser shooting point of the external tracking laser transmitter is consistent with the aiming point of the fire control system, realizing the laser countermeasure shooting of the tank when it is stationary or in motion.

In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention may also have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. an external tracking type laser transceiver, is characterized in that: comprise fixture, housing, combined laser transceiver lens barrel, tracking adjustment mechanism, track adjustment mechanism and combined laser transceiver lens barrel are set in described housing, so The above-mentioned fixture is a combined fixture, and the fixture fixes the shell on the shell of the fire control sight; The combined laser receiving and receiving lens barrel is composed of a laser receiving lens barrel and a laser emitting lens barrel, and a laser emitting lens barrel and a laser receiving lens barrel are arranged in the housing, and the laser receiving lens barrel includes a turning lens barrel and a focusing lens barrel and a position sensor, the laser emitting lens barrel includes a laser and a collimating lens barrel, the optical axis of the focusing lens barrel is preset parallel to the optical axis of the laser emitting lens barrel, the position sensor is arranged on the rear side of the focusing lens barrel and the position sensor Located on the optical focal plane of the focusing lens barrel; The tracking adjustment mechanism is connected with the combined laser transceiver lens barrel, and the tracking adjustment mechanism is controlled by a feedback circuit. 2. The laser transceiver according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a pointing light laser and a mirror, the pointing light laser is arranged under the tank aiming eyepiece, and the mirror is preset at the front end of the sighting mirror eyepiece to indicate The laser is coaxially coupled into the optical path of the sight. 3. The laser transceiver according to claim 1, characterized in that: the turning lens barrel includes a plane reflector and a right-angle roof prism, the right-angle roof prism is aligned with the focusing lens barrel, and the position sensor is located at the focus On the optical focal plane of the lens barrel, the pointing laser light forms a focus point on the surface of the position sensor through the focusing action of the focusing lens barrel, the optical axis of the focusing lens barrel passes through the center of the position sensor, and the turning lens barrel parallels Transfer to the combined laser transceiver tube. 4. The laser transceiver according to claim 3, characterized in that: the turning lens barrel extends from top to bottom and is located at the front end of the observation window of the sight, and the plane reflector of the turning lens barrel is a piece coated with a partial reflection Filmed flat mirrors. 5. The laser transceiver according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tracking adjustment mechanism is made up of a horizontal motor, a vertical motor, a horizontal electromagnetic brake, a vertical electromagnetic brake, a horizontal shaft, a vertical shaft, a rotating frame, and a feedback circuit, and the vertical motor One end is screwed to the combined laser transceiver lens barrel, one end is screwed to the right side of the rotating frame, one end of the vertical shaft is screwed to the combined laser transceiver lens barrel, and the other end passes through the vertical electromagnetic brake and is connected to the left side of the rotating frame. The vertical electromagnetic brake is screwed to the left side of the rotating frame, the upper and lower sides of the rotating frame are respectively screwed to the horizontal shaft, the lower horizontal shaft is connected to the shell shaft, the upper horizontal shaft passes through the horizontal electromagnetic brake, and is screwed to the horizontal motor, and the horizontal electromagnetic brake It is screwed to the top of the housing, and the horizontal motor is screwed to the top cover of the housing. The tracking adjustment mechanism drives the combined laser transceiver lens barrel to perform two-dimensional rotation, and tracks the line of sight and points to the target in real time.