CN110341890A - A miniature marine monitoring buoy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniature marine monitoring buoy, which comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a first support plate, a motor and a screw rod, the upper shell and the lower shell are sleeved to form a sealed cavity, and the first support The plate, the motor and the screw are all arranged in the sealed cavity; the motor is fixedly connected to the upper shell, the first support plate is fixedly connected to the lower shell, and the first support plate is provided with a screw hole, and the screw One end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the motor, the other end of the screw rod passes through the screw hole, and the screw rod engages with the screw hole; when the motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod rotates relative to the screw hole to drive the movement of the first support plate, and the lower shell Move relative to the upper shell to change the volume of the sealed cavity. By changing the size of the micro-ocean monitoring buoy itself to adjust the buoyancy it receives, the vertical movement of the micro-ocean monitoring buoy is realized.

Description

A miniature marine monitoring buoy

technical field

The invention relates to the field of automatic monitoring buoys, in particular to a miniature marine monitoring buoy.

Background technique

Due to the large area and deep depth of the ocean, it is difficult to enter the deep sea area and the far sea area. The pressure in the deep sea area is huge, the environment is corrosive, and the optical opacity is a big problem. The bottleneck of the development of marine resources is mainly the difficulty of ocean cognition. related research. To research and develop marine resources, we must first form a complete understanding of the ocean, from the inorganic environment to the organic organisms. It is difficult to obtain environmental and biological data in the deep sea and the distant sea, which is also a bottleneck for us to develop marine resources.

In addition, due to the complexity of the marine environment and the difficulty of sampling and researching resources, in the research of deep sea and distant seas, every scientific research activity has to pay a very high price to obtain limited resources and samples, and its scope of work is also very limited. Ships and submarines have to return to the voyage for replenishment when the remaining energy is normal, which affects the operation cycle and the efficiency is relatively low. And in seawater, high-frequency internal waves are the main cause of horizontal strain in coastal waters. As these waves travel through the ocean, they form a convergence zone at the top of the wave. Based on existing theoretical models it is predicted that water depth controls plankton accumulation in troughs where horizontal strain varies from convergent to divergent. When developing deep-sea resources, it is difficult to achieve vertical descent due to current technical limitations, and it is necessary to adopt a movement method with a certain horizontal component to descend. The largest number in the ocean is plankton, which is the bottom of the food chain and is the basis of ocean cycle metabolism. There are extremely rich resources in the ocean, and limited by the strong absorption ability of seawater to electromagnetic waves, the traditional underwater miniature marine monitoring buoys are connected with the shore or the host computer by a cable, which includes communication And energy supply, but limited by the length and weight of the cable and the influence of waves, they are not suitable for deep sea and open sea work. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a miniature marine monitoring buoy capable of autonomous movement and low power consumption.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a miniature marine monitoring buoy, to overcome the problems of the existing marine monitoring buoys that cannot move vertically underwater, have high power consumption, and are difficult to detect deep sea resources for a long time question.

The purpose of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A miniature marine monitoring buoy, comprising an upper shell, a lower shell, a first support plate, a motor and a screw, the upper shell and the lower shell are sleeved to form a sealed cavity, the first support plate, the motor and The screws are all arranged in the sealed accommodation cavity;

The motor is fixedly connected to the upper casing, the first support plate is fixedly connected to the lower casing, and a screw hole is provided on the first support plate, one end of the screw is fixedly connected to the motor, and the other end of the screw passes through a screw hole, and the screw engages with the screw hole;

When the motor drives the screw to rotate, the screw rotates relative to the screw hole to drive the first support plate to move, and the lower shell moves relative to the upper shell to change the volume of the sealed cavity.

Further, the center of the first support plate is provided with a through hole and a flange nut, and the screw hole is provided on the flange nut;

The screw rod extends into the lower shell after passing through the screw hole and the through hole.

Further, both the upper shell and the lower shell are arranged in a barrel shape, and the opening of the upper shell is inserted into the opening of the lower shell;

An annular sealing ring is arranged between the upper casing and the lower casing, the outer side of the annular sealing ring abuts against the upper casing, and the inner side of the annular sealing ring abuts against the lower casing.

Further, it also includes a coupling, the coupling is respectively connected with the motor rotor and the screw, and the motor rotor and the screw rotate synchronously;

Both the upper shell and the lower shell are shells made of POM lightweight material.

Further, a second support plate and a third support plate are also arranged in the upper shell, wherein the second support plate is fixedly connected to the upper shell, and the motor is fixedly connected to the second support plate;

A plurality of first support columns are arranged between the third support plate and the first support plate, and the two ends of the first support columns are respectively fixedly connected with the third support plate and the first support plate;

A plurality of second support columns vertically extend from the second support plate, and both the second support columns and the screw rods pass through the third support plate, and both the second support columns and the screw rods are movably connected with the third support plate.

Further, the first support columns include three, and the lines between the cross sections of the three first support columns and the centers form an angle of 120° with each other, and the second support columns include three, and the cross sections of the three second support columns are at an angle of 120°. The connection line between the section and the center forms an included angle of 120°;

The first support column is nested with the second support column, or the first support column and the second support column are arranged in a dislocation manner.

Further, a sliding sleeve is provided on the third supporting plate, and the second supporting column passes through the sliding sleeve and extends into the lower casing.

Further, the bottom of the lower case is also provided with a fourth support plate, the fourth support plate is fixedly connected with the lower case, and the first support plate is arranged in the lower case;

A plurality of third support columns vertically extend from the fourth support plate, and both ends of the third support columns are respectively fixedly connected to the fourth support plate and the first support plate.

Further, a battery is provided at the bottom of the lower casing, and the battery is used to supply energy to the motor;

The battery is provided with a central hole for accommodating the screw.

Further, a communication device is provided on the top of the upper casing for communicating with the outside;

A sensor is also arranged at the bottom of the lower shell for collecting seawater environmental information and biological information;

A control circuit and a storage chip are also arranged on the second support plate, the control circuit is used to control the operation of the motor, and the storage chip is used to store the information collected by the sensor.

Further, the battery, the motor, the communication device, the sensor, the control circuit and the storage chip are electrically connected.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The miniature marine monitoring buoy of the present invention includes an upper shell, a lower shell, a first support plate, a motor and a screw, the upper shell and the lower shell are socketed to form a sealed cavity, and the first support plate, the motor and the screw are all arranged on the sealed in the cavity. When the motor drives the screw to rotate, the screw rotates relative to the screw hole to drive the first support plate to approach or move away from the upper shell. As a result, the lower shell moves relative to the upper shell, and when the upper and lower shells are far away from each other, the miniature marine monitoring buoy expands, its volume increases, its internal air pressure decreases, its buoyancy increases, and it rises vertically; When the lower shells approach each other, the miniature ocean monitoring buoy shrinks, the volume decreases, the internal air pressure increases, the buoyancy force it suffers decreases, and it descends vertically. Thus, the micro-ocean monitoring buoy can move vertically by adjusting the buoyancy it receives by changing the size of the micro-ocean monitoring buoy itself.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the minimum volume state schematic diagram of miniature ocean monitoring buoy of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the maximum volume state of the miniature ocean monitoring buoy shown in Fig. 1 .

In the figure: 1, the second support plate; 2, the second support column; 3, the third support plate; 4, the first support plate; 41, the first support column; 5, the fourth support plate; 51, the third support Column; 6. Communication device; 7. Upper shell; 8. Control circuit; 9. Motor; 10. Coupling; 11. Sliding sleeve; 12. Screw; 13. Flange nut; 14. Ring seal ring; 15. battery; 16, lower shell; 17, sensor.

Detailed ways

Below, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of not conflicting, the various embodiments described below or the technical features can be combined arbitrarily to form new embodiments. .

As shown in Figure 1, it is a state schematic diagram (sectional view) when the volume of the miniature ocean monitoring buoy of an embodiment of the present invention is the smallest; As shown in Figure 2, it is when the volume of the miniature ocean monitoring buoy of an embodiment of the invention is the largest The state schematic diagram (section diagram). The miniature marine monitoring buoy includes an upper casing 7 , a lower casing 16 , a first support plate 4 , a motor 9 and a screw 12 . In this embodiment, both the upper casing 7 and the lower casing 16 are arranged in a barrel shape, and the opening diameter of the upper casing 7 is larger than the opening diameter of the lower casing 16, and the opening of the upper casing 7 is inserted into the opening of the lower casing 16 from top to bottom. Opening, thus, the upper shell 7 and the lower shell 16 enclose to form a sealed accommodating cavity. In other embodiments, the opening diameter of the lower casing 16 may also be larger than the opening diameter of the upper casing 7, and the lower casing 16 is sleeved on the upper casing 7 from bottom to top, and the upper casing 7 and the lower casing 16 can also be enclosed by the upper casing 7 and the lower casing 16 to form a sealed container. Set the cavity. In other embodiments, the upper shell 7 and the lower shell 16 can also be set in a hemispherical shape, and the opening of the hemispherical shell is set in a barrel shape, and the upper shell 7 and the lower shell 16 are also socketed to form a flexible and variable volume. The cavity is sealed.

A first support plate 4 , a motor 9 and a screw 12 are also arranged in the above-mentioned sealed accommodation cavity. Wherein, the motor 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper casing 7 , the first support plate 4 is located in the lower casing 16 and is fixedly connected with the lower casing 16 , and the first support plate 4 is located at the socket overlap between the upper casing 7 and the lower casing 16 . A screw hole is provided on the first support plate 4, the upper end of the screw rod 12 is fixedly connected with the motor 9, the lower end of the screw rod 12 passes through the screw hole, and the screw rod 12 engages with the screw hole through the threads on its shaft. When the motor 9 rotates in the forward direction, the screw rod 12 is synchronously driven to rotate in the forward direction, and the screw rod 12 rotates relative to the screw hole of the first support plate 4, and then pushes the first support plate 4, that is, the lower casing 16, to move downward, and the miniature ocean monitoring buoy expands. , the volume increases, the internal air pressure decreases, the buoyancy increases, and it rises vertically. When the motor 9 rotates in reverse, the screw rod 12 is synchronously driven to rotate in reverse, and the screw rod 12 rotates relative to the screw hole of the first support plate 4, and then pulls the first support plate 4, that is, the lower casing 16, to move upward, and the miniature marine monitoring buoy shrinks, The volume decreases, the internal air pressure increases, the buoyancy force on it decreases, and it descends vertically. The volume of the miniature marine monitoring buoy of the present invention is changed to adjust the buoyancy it receives, so as to realize the vertical movement of the miniature marine monitoring buoy. In other embodiments, under the premise that the upper shell 7 and the lower shell 16 are socketed together, the motor 9 can also be used to drive the upper shell 7 and the lower shell 16 to approach or move away from each other, for example, the motor 9 can drive the slider to move the lower shell 16 Push away from the upper shell 7, and when the size of the miniature marine monitoring buoy needs to be reduced, the upper shell 7 and the lower shell 16 are pulled closer by the built-in tension spring.

As a preferred embodiment, the screw hole on the above-mentioned first support plate 4 is a screw hole provided on the flange nut 13, and the lower end of the flange nut 13 is fixedly connected with the first support plate 4, for example, it can be fixedly connected by screws. Or welding. At the same time, the first support plate 4 is also provided with a through hole, and the screw hole of the flange nut 13 corresponds to the through hole of the first support plate 4 up and down. When assembling this miniature marine monitoring buoy, the screw rod 12 can be passed through the screw hole and the through hole successively from top to bottom and stretched into the lower shell 16, and the screw rod 12 is engaged with the screw hole by the screw thread on its shaft. In use, the screw rod 12 is rotated to push away or pull the first support plate 4 close, so that the upper shell 7 and the lower shell 16 are urged to approach or move away from each other. The meshing of the flange nut 13 with the screw rod 12 is also conducive to the stable connection between the screw rod 12 and the first support plate 4 , effectively preventing the screw thread from damaging the screw hole when the screw rod 12 moves up and down. In other embodiments, the flange nut 13 may also be disposed under the first support plate 4 , that is, the screw rod 12 passes through the through hole and the screw hole sequentially from top to bottom and then extends into the lower casing 16 .

As a preferred embodiment, an annular sealing ring 14 is provided at the nesting position of the upper housing 7 and the lower housing 16 , the outer side of the annular sealing ring 14 abuts against the upper housing 7 , and the inner side of the annular sealing ring 14 abuts against the lower housing 16 . The inner and outer sides of the annular sealing ring 14 abut against the lower housing 16 and the upper housing 7 respectively, so as to ensure that the upper housing 7 and the lower housing 16 are joined together to form a sealed cavity. The upper casing 7 is socketed with the lower casing 16, which can not only ensure the sliding connection between the upper casing 7 and the lower casing 16, but also ensure the sealing effect of the cavity enclosed by the upper casing 7 and the lower casing 16. In addition, when the miniature marine monitoring buoy is put into the water, the pressure of the water on the upper casing 7 and the pressure on the annular sealing ring 14 makes the inner and outer sides of the annular sealing ring 14 more closely fit the inner wall of the upper casing 7 and the lower surface. The outer wall of the casing 16 makes the inside of the miniature marine monitoring buoy realize complete sealing.

As a preferred embodiment, the motor 9 is also sleeved with a shaft coupling 10, and the two ends of the shaft coupling 10 are respectively connected with the motor rotor and the screw rod 12, and the transmission connection between the motor 9 and the screw rod 12 is realized through the shaft coupling 10 , when the motor 9 rotates, the rotational kinetic energy is transmitted to the screw 12 through the coupling 10, so that the motor rotor and the screw 12 rotate synchronously.

As a preferred embodiment, both the upper casing 7 and the lower casing 16 are made of POM lightweight material. POM lightweight material has good physical properties, that is, good pressure resistance and corrosion resistance, and its structural strength is enough to support diving into seawater for tens of meters or even tens of meters.

As a preferred embodiment, a second support plate 1 and a third support plate 3 are also arranged in the upper shell 7, wherein the top of the second support plate 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper shell 7, and the motor 9 is connected to the second support plate. The bottom of 1 is fixedly connected, thus, the upper casing 7, the second support plate 1 and the motor 9 are fixed together. Three first support columns 41 are arranged between the third support plate 3 and the first support plate 1. The line connecting the cross section of the support column 41 and the center of the first support plate 4 forms an included angle of 120°. In other embodiments, the number of first support columns 41 can also be two, four, five or six, etc., and the first support columns 41 are evenly distributed on the first support plate 4, for example, six first support columns 41 The line between the cross section and the center of the first support plate 4 forms an included angle of 60° to ensure that the first support column 41 evenly bears the force exerted by the third support plate 3 . Since the first support plate 4 is fixedly connected to the lower housing 16 , the lower housing 16 simultaneously supports the first support plate 4 and the third support plate 3 . In this embodiment, the first support plate 4 is arranged in the lower shell 16, and the third support plate 3 is set in the upper shell 7, and the upper shell 7 and the upper shell 7 can be further fixed by the first support plate 4 and the third support plate 3. The connection of the lower shell 16 prevents the upper shell 7 from being disconnected when sliding up and down relative to the lower shell 16 .

In this embodiment, three second support columns 2 extend vertically downward from the second support plate 1 , and the second support columns 2 are fixedly connected to the second support plate 1 . Both the second support column 2 and the screw rod 12 pass through the third support plate 3 , and both the second support column 2 and the screw rod 12 extend into the lower casing 16 . In this embodiment, the third support plate 3 is provided with a sliding sleeve 11, the second support column 2 passes through the sliding sleeve 11 and extends into the lower casing 16, that is, the second support column 2 is movably connected with the third support plate 3 . When the upper housing 7 slides to the furthest distance relative to the lower housing 16 (the volume of the miniature marine monitoring buoy is the largest), the second support column 2 is still below the third support plate 3, that is, the second support column 2 is not removed from the sliding sleeve 11 Slipping; when the upper casing 7 slides to the shortest distance relative to the lower casing 16 (the volume of the miniature marine monitoring buoy is the smallest), the lower end of the second support column 2 will not interfere with the first support plate 4, that is, the lower end of the second support column 2 The head is always between the third support plate 3 and the first support plate 4, thus the trajectory and sliding distance (maximum volume and minimum volume of the miniature marine monitoring buoy) of the upper casing 7 relative to the lower casing 16 can be limited, preventing the upper The shell 7 is disconnected from the lower shell 16 to ensure the sealing effect of the miniature marine monitoring buoy. In other embodiments, a slide block can also be provided on the upper case 7, and a slide rail can be provided on the lower case 16, and the upper case 7 can slide farthest or farthest relative to the lower case 16 through the limit action of the slide rail on the slide block. closest distance.

As a preferred embodiment, the lines between the cross-sections of the three second support columns 2 and the center of the second support plate 1 form an included angle of 120°, and the second support columns 2 and the first support columns 41 are staggered. In other embodiments, the number of second support columns 2 can also be two, four, five or six, etc., and the second support columns 2 are evenly distributed on the second support plate 1, such as six second support columns 2 The line between the cross section and the center of the second support plate 1 forms an included angle of 60° to ensure that the second support column 2 evenly bears the force exerted by the third support plate 3 . In other embodiments, the first support column 41 may be configured as a hollow cylinder, and the second support column 2 extends into the lower housing 16 after passing through the first support column 41 . At this time, the first support column 41 is socketed on the second support column 2, that is, the force applied during the up-and-down sliding process of the second support column 2 is directly transmitted to the first support column 41, and then acts on the lower shell 16 to prevent the upper shell 7 from colliding with the second support column 2. The lower housing 16 rotates.

As a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the lower casing 16 is also provided with a fourth support plate 5, the fourth support plate 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower casing 16, and the fourth support plate 5 extends vertically upwards with three third support columns 51. Both ends of the three support columns 51 are respectively fixedly connected to the fourth support plate 5 and the first support plate 4 , so that the first support plate 4 is fixed in the lower casing 16 through the third support columns 51 . In this embodiment, the lines between the cross-sections of the three third support columns 51 and the center of the fourth support plate 5 form an included angle of 120°, thereby balancing the gravity of the first support plate 4 . In other embodiments, the number of the third supporting pillars 51 may also be two, four, five or six.

As a preferred embodiment, the second support plate 1 is also provided with a control circuit 8, the control circuit 8 is arranged between the motor 9 and the second support plate 1, and the control circuit 8 is used to control the operation of the motor 9, through the control circuit 8 The control function ensures that the motor 9 runs according to the set program.

As a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the lower casing 16 is also provided with a battery 15, the battery 15 is arranged on the bottom of the lower casing 16, and the center of gravity of the battery 15 is on the same vertical line as the center of gravity of the miniature ocean monitoring buoy, thus The setting position of 15 can ensure that the miniature marine monitoring buoy maintains a "not falling down" state, and prevents the miniature marine monitoring buoy from falling over due to force. The battery 15 is used to supply energy for the motor 9, and can also function as a wireless operation, so as to overcome the constraint (restriction) effect of the traditional energy supply cable on the miniature ocean monitoring buoy, and expand the scope of use of the miniature ocean monitoring buoy.

As a preferred embodiment, the battery 15 is provided with a central hole for accommodating the screw 12 . When the screw rod 12 moves up and down during the rotation process, the lower end of the screw rod 12 moves up and down in the central tunnel all the time, that is, the central tunnel provides a stretching space for the screw rod 12 to prevent the battery 15 and the screw rod 12 from colliding with each other.

As a preferred embodiment, the outer top of the upper casing 7 is also provided with a communication device 6, which can ensure that the miniature marine monitoring buoy can communicate with the outside (for example, ships, islands, etc., and the operator can be on the ship or island) control the miniature marine monitoring buoy) to facilitate the operator to obtain the marine information collected by the miniature marine monitoring buoy in real time, and to control the diving or floating status of the miniature marine monitoring buoy.

As a preferred embodiment, a sensor 17 and a storage chip are also provided at the bottom of the lower housing 16 for collecting seawater environment information and biological information, and further storing the collected seawater environment information and biological information in the storage chip, and the sensor 17 can also store the collected seawater environment information and biological information. The information is transmitted to the background control system through the communication device 6, which is convenient for the operator to obtain the ocean information collected by the miniature ocean monitoring buoy.

As a preferred embodiment, the battery 15, the motor 9, the communication device 6, the sensor 17, the control circuit 8, and the memory chip are electrically connected, and the electrical connection method can not only ensure the electrical conduction between the above-mentioned devices, but also ensure the connection between the above-mentioned devices. effective control between.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention. Scope of protection claimed.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of miniature ocean monitoring buoy, which is characterized in that including upper shell, lower casing, the first support plate, motor and spiral shell Bar, the upper shell and lower casing are socketed to surround sealing accommodating cavity, and first support plate, motor and screw rod are all set in In sealing accommodating cavity；

The motor is fixedly connected with upper shell, and first support plate is fixedly connected with lower casing, and is set in the first support plate It is equipped with screw hole, one end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with motor, and the other end of the screw rod passes through screw hole, and the screw rod and spiral shell Hole engagement；

Electric motor driven screw rotate when, screw rod with respect to screw hole rotate with drive the first support plate movement, the lower casing relative to Upper shell movement is to change the volume size that sealing accommodates cavity.

2. miniature ocean monitoring buoy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the center setting of first support plate There are through-hole and flange nut, the screw hole is set on flange nut；

The screw rod protrudes into lower casing after passing through screw hole and through-hole.

3. miniature ocean monitoring buoy according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the upper shell and lower casing are respectively provided with The opening of lower casing is socketed at the opening of tubbiness, and upper shell；

Ring type seal is provided between the upper shell and lower casing, the outside of the ring type seal abuts upper shell, institute The inside for stating ring type seal abuts lower casing.

4. miniature ocean monitoring buoy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include shaft coupling, the shaft coupling It is connect respectively with rotor and screw rod, the rotor and screw rod rotate synchronously；

The upper shell and lower casing are shell made of POM light material.

5. miniature ocean monitoring buoy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with second in the upper shell Support plate and third support plate, wherein the second support plate is fixedly connected with upper shell, and motor and the fixed company of the second support plate It connects；

Several first support columns, the both ends point of first support column are provided between the third support plate and the first support plate It is not fixedly connected with third support plate and the first support plate；

Several second support columns are vertically extended in second support plate, second support column and screw rod both pass through third branch Fagging, second support column and screw rod are flexibly connected with third support plate.

6. miniature ocean monitoring buoy according to claim 5, which is characterized in that first support column includes three, Line between the cross section and center of three first support columns is mutually 120 ° of angles, and second support column is including three, three Line between the cross section and center of the second support column of root is mutually 120 ° of angles；

First support column is socketed the second support column or the first support column and the dislocation of the second support column is arranged.

7. miniature ocean monitoring buoy according to claim 5, which is characterized in that be provided with cunning in the third support plate Set, second support column pass through sliding sleeve and protrude into lower casing.

8. miniature ocean monitoring buoy according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the lower casing bottom is additionally provided with Four support plates, the 4th support plate are fixedly connected with lower casing, and first support plate is set in lower casing；

4th support plate vertically extends several third support columns, and the both ends of the third support column are supported with the 4th respectively Plate and the first support plate are fixedly connected.

9. miniature ocean monitoring buoy according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the lower casing bottom is additionally provided with electricity Pond, the battery are used to energize for motor；

Medium pore canal is provided on the battery, the medium pore canal is for accommodating screw rod.

10. miniature ocean monitoring buoy according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the upper cover top portion setting communication Device, for being communicated with outside；

The lower casing bottom also sets up sensor, for acquiring briny environment information and biological information；

Control circuit and storage chip are additionally provided in second support plate, the control circuit is used to control motor operation, The storage chip is used for the information of storage sensor acquisition.