CN110319142A - A kind of piston valve of self-adaptive damping damper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a piston valve of an adaptive damping shock absorber, which comprises a shock absorber cylinder, a piston rod and a valve body assembly, the piston rod is fixedly installed in the center of the shock absorber cylinder, and the valve body assembly installed on the piston rod, the valve body assembly can move up and down along the axis of the piston rod; A damping hole connecting the upper and lower cavities is provided on the upper part; the opening of the damping hole is proportional to the displacement of the valve body assembly from the initial position. Beneficial effects: the piston valve of the present invention can automatically adjust the damping size according to the pressure difference between the upper and lower shock absorber cylinders of the shock absorber; the present invention has simple structure, strong practicability, wide application range, easy installation, disassembly and debugging. More convenient.

Description

A piston valve for an adaptive damping shock absorber

technical field

The invention relates to a valve body structure, in particular to a piston valve of an adaptive damping shock absorber, which belongs to the field of auto parts.

Background technique

Usually, in order to speed up the attenuation of the vibration of the vehicle frame and the body, to improve the ride comfort and comfort of the car, a shock absorber is installed inside the suspension system of most cars. The damping system of a car is composed of springs and shock absorbers. The shock absorber is not used to support the weight of the car body, but to suppress the vibration of the spring when it rebounds after absorbing the shock and absorb the energy of the road impact. The spring plays the role of easing the impact, and the shock absorber is to gradually attenuate the vibration. Without a shock absorber, the rebound of the spring cannot be controlled. When the car encounters a rough road, it will have serious bounce, and the vibration of the spring up and down will also cause the loss of tire grip and tracking when cornering.

Chinese patent 2011207109559.10 relates to a multi-stage damping piston valve for automobile shock absorbers. The piston body is sleeved on the end of the connecting rod. There is a circulation valve spring and a circulation valve valve plate between them, and an adjustment nut is provided at the end of the connecting rod. Between the piston body and the adjustment nut, there are two-stage low-speed damping valves, spring retaining rings, and discs that are sleeved outside the fastening nut in series. shaped spring sets and washers. The currently commonly used hydraulic shock absorber F-V recovery damping characteristic curve is expanded from three sections to five sections, and the multi-stage damping force characteristics of the shock absorber are realized. However, the disadvantage of this device is that: there are many piston valve components and the structure is relatively complicated, which makes it difficult to achieve the theoretical effect of the coordinated work between the valve plates at all levels. Secondly, its recovery damping characteristic curve is still not smooth enough, which will cause various The moment of stage adjustment switching produces a large impact, which affects the stability of the shock absorber.

Chinese patent 2013113410777.3 relates to a shock absorber piston valve, which can simultaneously reflect the variable damping force effect based on the frequency domain of the vibration or impact transmitted to the shock absorber and the variable damping force effect based on pressure when the vehicle is running. However, the piston valve is combined with a main valve unit at the lower end of the piston rod, and the main valve unit is divided into an expansion chamber and a compression chamber, and a frequency sensing unit is also arranged on one side of the main valve unit, which will make the external The diameter of the cylinder barrel is increased to adapt to each assembly, and the pre-tightening force of the piston valve spring cannot be adjusted at the same time, so the trial range is small. Secondly, the structure of the main valve unit is complicated, and the opening is large. When it is subjected to a large instantaneous impact, it will cause the end of the piston rod to shake, which will affect the vibration reduction effect. At the same time, it is difficult to meet the strength requirements of the structure.

Chinese patent 2013110347010.7 discloses a piston valve for an automobile shock absorber. The upper and lower end surfaces of the piston valve on the piston rod of the shock absorber are equipped with a valve train gasket set. , the number and size of openings or gaps and the arrangement order of each gasket, and then control the magnitude of the damping force, which requires high coordination of the size, size and quantity of each component, and the range of damping adjustment is not wide , it is difficult to meet the requirements of practical applications.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: Aiming at the problems of complex structure, insufficient structural strength and narrow range of damping adjustment in the prior art, the present invention provides a piston valve with adaptive damping shock absorber. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, practical Strong performance and wide application range.

Technical solution: A piston valve for an adaptive damping shock absorber, including a shock absorber cylinder, a piston rod and a valve body assembly, the piston rod is fixedly installed in the center of the shock absorber cylinder, and the valve body assembly Installed on the piston rod, the valve body assembly can move up and down along the axis of the piston rod; the valve body assembly is located in the shock absorber cylinder to separate it into upper and lower cavities. There is a damping hole connecting the upper and lower cavities; the opening of the damping hole is proportional to the displacement of the valve body assembly from the initial position.

When the shock absorber is working, the greater the external force, the greater the offset of the valve body assembly. In the present invention, the greater the offset of the valve body assembly, the greater the opening of the damping hole, so that the damping of the shock absorber When the external force is reduced, the offset of the valve body assembly is also reduced, and the opening of the damping hole is also reduced, so that the damping of the shock absorber is increased. The damping range of the present invention is wider, and the vibration reduction The process was smooth.

Preferably, in order to improve the damping effect, the valve body assembly includes a valve core and a valve sleeve, the valve core is located in the valve sleeve, and the valve core moves together with the valve sleeve and rotates relatively; the valve sleeve includes The valve seat and the bonnet, the valve seat and the bonnet are respectively provided with through holes of the same number, size and shape, and the vertical projections of the through holes on the valve seat and the bonnet are completely coincident; the valve core is provided with The initial damping hole and the adjusting damping hole. In the initial state, the initial damping hole communicates with the through hole on the valve seat and the valve cover. After the valve core rotates at a certain angle, the adjusting damping hole communicates with the through hole on the valve seat and the valve cover. The larger the angle is, the larger the opening of the damping hole is adjusted.

The upper and lower chambers of the shock absorber of the present invention are connected through the initial damping hole of the valve body assembly. When the shock absorber has an external force, under the action of the pressure difference, the oil flows to the cavity on the low pressure side through the initial damping hole. When the external force When the function increases, the deviation of the valve body assembly increases and the rotation angle of the valve core increases, the adjustment damping hole is connected, the flow of oil increases, and the damping decreases, and the greater the rotation angle is, the greater the opening of the adjustment damping hole is. The smaller the damping is; on the contrary, when the external force decreases, the opening of the spool reset damping hole decreases and the damping increases.

The distribution, size, shape and quantity of the through holes opened by the valve seat and the valve cover can be designed according to requirements.

Preferably, in order to make the opening of the damping hole increase evenly with the increase of the rotation angle of the valve core, the through holes on the valve seat and the valve cover are fan-shaped holes. With the rotation of the spool, the damping hole is connected to the shock absorber through the fan-shaped hole, thereby increasing the opening of the damping hole.

Preferably, in order to increase the damping adjustment range, the valve seat and the valve cover are provided with at least two fan-shaped holes, and the central axis of the fan-shaped holes coincides with the central axis of the valve sleeve. The opening adjustment range of the damping hole can be effectively improved by opening a plurality of fan-shaped holes on the valve seat and the valve cover.

Preferably, in order to increase the opening range of the adjustment damping hole, when the number of the adjustment damping hole is greater than or equal to 2, the opening adjustment of the adjustment damping hole is adjusted by the number of connected adjustment damping holes; the adjustment damping hole is In one case, the opening of the regulating orifice is adjusted through the size of the connected regulating orifice. The distribution, size, shape and quantity of the adjustment damping holes can be designed according to needs.

Preferably, in order to realize the rotation of the valve core relative to the valve sleeve and the up and down movement of the entire valve body assembly, the piston rod is provided with a valve body installation part, the valve body installation part is a screw rod structure, and the valve The inner ring of the core is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread of the screw rod; the installation part of the valve body is provided with a slot along the axis, and the inner ring of the valve sleeve is provided with a slot corresponding to the size and number along the axis. of the bulge.

The protrusion of the inner ring of the valve sleeve slides in the slot, and the valve sleeve slides up and down along the direction of the slot. The number of the slot and the protrusion is at least one pair. A pair of slots and protrusions can make the valve seat and the valve The relative position of the cover is uniform, multiple sets of slots and protrusions can make the valve sleeve move more smoothly, and an error-proof design that matches the size of the slots and protrusions can also be adopted.

The spool rotates while moving up and down along the installation part of the valve body under the cooperation of the screw rod and the internal thread. Since the spool is located inside the valve sleeve, the valve sleeve and the spool move up and down synchronously, and the spool moves up and down relative to the valve sleeve. Rotate to control the opening of the damping hole.

Preferably, in order to realize the reset of the valve body assembly, an upper return spring and a lower return spring are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the valve body assembly. When there is no external force acting on the outside, there is no pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers of the shock absorber, and the valve body assembly returns to the initial state under the action of the return spring.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the overall initial position of the valve body, an adjusting nut is provided at one end of the upper return spring and the lower return spring, and a retaining ring is provided at the other end. The adjustment nut is installed on the piston rod, and the return spring is compressed by rotating the adjustment nut, and the valve body assembly is adjusted up and down along the piston rod under the action of the return spring.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the overall initial position of the valve body, adjustment nuts are respectively provided at both ends of the upper return spring and the lower return spring. Setting the adjusting nuts at both ends of the return spring can adjust the valve body assembly to the initial position more quickly and preparedly.

Preferably, in order to improve the damping effect, a sealing ring is provided between the valve sleeve and the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder, and the sealing ring is installed on the valve sleeve. The arrangement of the sealing ring can effectively isolate the upper and lower cavities of the shock absorber cylinder to ensure that oil flows through the damping holes in the upper and lower cavities.

Beneficial effects: the piston valve of the present invention can automatically adjust the damping size according to the pressure difference between the upper and lower shock absorber cylinders of the shock absorber; the present invention has simple structure, strong practicability, wide application range, easy installation, disassembly and debugging. More convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the valve body assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the valve body installation part on the piston rod of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the initial state of the valve body assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that spool of the present invention rotates 30°;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that spool of the present invention rotates 60°;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that spool of the present invention rotates 90°;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an adjusting nut of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a piston valve for an adaptive damping shock absorber includes a shock absorber cylinder 1, a piston rod 2 and a valve body assembly 3, and the piston rod 2 is fixedly installed in the center of the shock absorber cylinder 1 , the valve body assembly 3 is installed on the piston rod 2, and the valve body assembly 3 can move up and down along the axial direction of the piston rod 2; the valve body assembly 3 is located in the shock absorber cylinder 1 to separate it The valve body assembly 3 is provided with a damping hole connecting the upper and lower cavities; the opening of the damping hole is proportional to the displacement of the valve body assembly 3 from the initial position.

When the shock absorber works, the greater the external force is, the greater the offset of the valve body assembly 3 is, and the greater the offset of the valve body assembly 3 in the present invention is, the greater the opening of the damping hole is, so that the shock absorber The damping of the damping decreases, when the external force decreases, the offset of the valve body assembly 3 also decreases, and the opening of the damping hole also decreases, so that the damping of the shock absorber increases, and the damping range of the present invention is wider , the damping process is smooth.

As shown in Figure 2, the valve body assembly 3 includes a valve core 31 and a valve sleeve 32, the valve core 31 is located in the valve sleeve 32, and the valve core 31 moves together with the valve sleeve 32 and rotates relatively; The valve sleeve 32 includes a valve seat 321 and a valve cover 322, the valve seat 321 and the valve cover 322 are respectively provided with through holes with the same number, size and shape, and the through holes on the valve seat 321 and the valve cover 322 are vertically oriented The projections are completely coincident; the valve core 31 is provided with an initial damping hole 311 and an adjustment damping hole 312. In the initial state, the initial damping hole 311 communicates with the through holes on the valve seat 321 and the valve cover 322, and the valve core 31 rotates for a certain time. After adjusting the angle, the damping hole 312 communicates with the through holes on the valve seat 321 and the valve cover 322 , and the larger the rotation angle is, the larger the opening of the adjusting damping hole 312 is.

As shown in Figure 4-7, the upper and lower chambers of the shock absorber of the present invention are connected through the initial damping hole 311 of the valve body assembly 3. When the shock absorber has an external force, the oil passes through the initial damping hole under the action of the pressure difference 311 flows to the cavity on the low-pressure side. When the external force increases, the deviation of the valve body assembly 3 increases and the rotation angle of the valve core 31 increases. The adjustment damping hole 312 is connected, the flow of oil increases, and the damping decreases. And the larger the rotation angle is, the larger the opening of the damping hole 312 is, and the smaller the damping is; on the contrary, when the external force decreases, the opening of the valve core 31 resets and the damping hole decreases, and the damping increases.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in order to make the opening of the damping hole increase evenly with the increase of the rotation angle of the valve core 31 , the through holes on the valve seat 321 and the valve cover 322 are fan-shaped holes. With the rotation of the spool 31, the damping hole 312 is connected to the shock absorber through the fan-shaped hole, thereby increasing the opening of the damping hole.

In order to increase the damping adjustment range, the valve seat 321 and the valve cover 322 are provided with at least two fan-shaped holes, and the central axes of the fan-shaped holes coincide with the central axis of the valve sleeve 2 . By opening a plurality of fan-shaped holes in the valve seat 321 and the valve cover 322, the opening adjustment range of the damping hole can be effectively improved.

As shown in Figures 2 and 4-7, in order to increase the opening range of the adjustment damping hole 312, the number of the adjustment damping hole 312 is a plurality of holes, and the opening of the adjustment damping hole 312 is adjusted through the connected adjustment damping hole 312; when there is one adjusting damping hole 312, the opening of the adjusting damping hole 312 is adjusted by adjusting the size of the connected adjusting damping hole 312. The distribution, size, shape and quantity of the adjustment damping holes 312 can be designed as required.

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, in order to realize the rotation of the valve core 31 relative to the valve sleeve 32 and the up and down movement of the entire valve body assembly 3, the piston rod 2 is provided with a valve body installation part 21, and the valve body is installed The part 21 is a screw rod structure, and the inner ring of the valve core 31 is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread of the screw rod; the valve body installation part 21 is provided with a card slot 211 along the axial direction, and the valve sleeve 32 The inner ring is provided with protrusions 323 corresponding in size and number to the slot 211 along the axial direction.

The protrusion 323 of the inner ring of the valve sleeve 32 slides in the slot 211, and the valve sleeve 32 slides up and down along the direction of the slot 211. The number of the slot 211 and the protrusion 323 is four pairs, which can make the movement of the valve sleeve 32 more stable. , It is also possible to adopt an error-proof design in which the dimensions of the card slot 211 and the protrusion 323 match.

The valve core 31 rotates while moving up and down along the valve body installation part 21 under the cooperation of the screw rod and the internal thread. Since the valve core 31 is located inside the valve sleeve 32, the valve sleeve 32 and the valve core 31 move up and down synchronously. And the valve core 31 rotates relative to the valve sleeve 32, thereby realizing the control of the opening of the damping hole.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 , in order to realize the reset of the valve body assembly 3 , the valve body assembly 3 is provided with an upper return spring 4 and a lower return spring 5 respectively. When there is no external force acting on the outside, there is no pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers of the shock absorber, and the valve body assembly 3 returns to the initial state under the action of the return spring.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in order to facilitate the adjustment of the overall initial position of the valve body, adjusting nuts 6 are provided at both ends of the upper return spring 4 and the lower return spring 5 . Setting the adjusting nuts 6 at both ends of the return spring can adjust the valve body assembly 3 to the initial position more quickly and preparatively.

As shown in FIG. 8 , in order to facilitate the adjustment of the overall initial position of the valve body, an adjusting nut 6 is provided at one end of the upper return spring 4 and the lower return spring 5 , and a retaining ring 7 is provided at the other end. The adjustment nut 6 is installed on the piston rod 2, and the return spring is compressed by rotating the adjustment nut 6, and the valve body assembly 3 is adjusted up and down along the piston rod 2 under the action of the return spring.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 , in order to improve the damping effect, a sealing ring 8 is provided between the valve sleeve 32 and the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder 1 , and the sealing ring 8 is installed on the valve sleeve 32 . The arrangement of the sealing ring 8 can effectively isolate the upper and lower cavities of the shock absorber cylinder to ensure that oil flows in the upper and lower cavities through the damping holes.

Claims (10)

1. A piston valve with an adaptive damping shock absorber, including a shock absorber cylinder (1), a piston rod (2) and a valve body assembly (3), the piston rod (2) is fixedly installed on the shock absorber The center of the cylinder (1), the valve body assembly (3) is installed on the piston rod (2), and the valve body assembly (3) can move up and down along the axis of the piston rod (2); the valve The body assembly (3) is located in the shock absorber cylinder (1) to divide it into upper and lower cavities, and the valve body assembly (3) is provided with a damping hole connecting the upper and lower cavities; its characteristics The reason is: the opening of the damping hole is proportional to the displacement of the valve body assembly (3) from the initial position. 2. The piston valve of adaptive damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: the valve body assembly (3) includes a valve core (31) and a valve sleeve (32), and the valve core ( 31) Located in the valve sleeve (32), the valve core (31) moves together with the valve sleeve (32) and rotates relatively; the valve sleeve (32) includes a valve seat (321) and a valve cover (322), The valve seat (321) and the valve cover (322) are respectively provided with through holes of the same number, size and shape, and the vertical projections of the through holes on the valve seat (321) and the valve cover (322) are completely coincident; The valve core (31) is provided with an initial damping hole (311) and an adjustment damping hole (312). In the initial state, the initial damping hole (311) communicates with the through holes on the valve seat (321) and the valve cover (322). After the valve core (31) rotates a certain angle, the adjustment damping hole (312) communicates with the through hole on the valve seat (321) and the valve cover (322). The larger the rotation angle is, the greater the opening of the adjustment damping hole (312) is. . 3. The piston valve for an adaptive damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: the through holes on the valve seat (321) and the valve cover (322) are fan-shaped holes. 4. The piston valve of adaptive damping shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: the valve seat (321) and the valve cover (322) are provided with at least two fan-shaped holes, and the central axis of the fan-shaped holes is in line with The central axes of the valve sleeves (2) coincide. 5. The piston valve of adaptive damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the number of the adjusting damping holes (312) is greater than or equal to 2, the opening degree of the adjusting damping holes (312) can be adjusted The number of connected damping holes (312) is adjusted; when there is one adjusting damping hole (312), the opening of the regulating damping hole (312) is adjusted through the size of the connected adjusting damping hole (312). 6. The piston valve of adaptive damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: the piston rod (2) is provided with a valve body installation part (21), and the valve body installation part (21) It is a screw rod structure, and the inner ring of the valve core (31) is provided with internal threads that cooperate with the external thread of the screw rod; the valve body installation part (21) is provided with a card slot (211) along the axial direction, The inner ring of the valve sleeve (32) is provided with protrusions (323) whose size and number correspond to the slots (211) along the axial direction. 7 . The piston valve of adaptive damping shock absorber according to claim 2 , characterized in that: the valve body assembly ( 3 ) is respectively provided with an upper return spring ( 4 ) and a lower return spring ( 5 ). 8. The piston valve of adaptive damping shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that: one end of the upper return spring (4) and the lower return spring (5) is provided with an adjusting nut (6), and the other end is provided with a With retaining ring (7). 9. The piston valve of adaptive damping shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that: the two ends of the upper return spring (4) and the lower return spring (5) are respectively provided with adjusting nuts (6). 10. The piston valve of adaptive damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: a sealing ring (8) is provided between the valve sleeve (32) and the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder (1), The sealing ring (8) is installed on the valve sleeve (32).