CN110301190A - Auger cellular type is no-tillage precise hole sowing seeding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The helical drilling type no-tillage precision hole sowing device belongs to agricultural machinery; The power transmission system composed of the driven shaft and the driven cylindrical gear, the seed metering system consisting of the seed meter housing, the through-hole seed metering plate, the seed metering hose, the intermittent seed guiding sheave and the seed guiding hose, and the seed metering system composed of The zero-speed helical drilling motion drive system composed of grooved cam track plate, T-shaped connecting rod, roller, slider, seed guide frame, slide frame, guide rail, and support frame and the push-pull drive rod assembly, internal threaded external slide The auger hole seeding system is composed of the inner sleeve, the outer threaded inner sliding sleeve, the upper and lower adjustment rod supports, the upper and lower adjustment rods, the inner and outer pull and pressure rods and the drilling head; the device has good hole forming and seeding operation quality , no damage to the seeds, little disturbance to the soil, low operating power consumption, unique and novel structure, and reliable use.

Description

Spiral drilling no-tillage precision hole sowing device

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a no-tillage precision hole sowing device.

Background technique

At present, conservation tillage uses no-tillage, less-tillage and residual straw to cover the surface of the farmland for sowing operations, which can not only reduce consumption and operating costs, but also help to conserve water and moisture, and improve soil fertility and drought resistance. No-tillage sowing is the key technology for the implementation of conservation tillage. In order to ensure the smooth sowing of seeds in no-tillage sowing operations, one way is to use a disc cutter to cut off the straw and root stubble, cut the covering layer, and open the gap , so as to facilitate the smooth passage of working parts. This method increases power consumption and has greater requirements for vertical loads. When the stubble is not completely broken, the entire stubble may be brought out from the soil, affecting the quality of sowing, and the requirements for cutting parts Higher, when the amount of straw is large, it is easy to be entangled and blocked; another way is to remove the straw layer and clean up the sowing strip without covering layer. This process will also generate a certain amount of power consumption. When the soil hardness and humidity are low When the stubble cutting depth increases, the amount of soil disturbance increases sharply, which will lift the soil and cause environmental pollution. At the same time, for the complex surface covered by straw residues, the hole-seeding mechanism needs to have a large effective stroke in the vertical direction, so as to not only penetrate thicker coverings, avoid scraping, but also reduce disturbance to the soil. and other good cave-forming conditions, the above-mentioned existing mechanisms all cannot meet and adapt to this requirement.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and to design and provide a helical drilling type no-tillage precision hole sowing device. In this device, there is no need to do any treatment on straw residues, and it does not need to break stubble and weeds. Under the premise of ditching and other processes, it can achieve the purpose of little soil disturbance, low power consumption, good quality of hole sowing, and no damage to seeds.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved in this way: on the end of the base plate, the support frame, the transmission case housing and the speed reducer with the power input shaft and the power output shaft are fixed sequentially from left to right; The driving sprocket is fixed on the shaft; the drive shaft and the driven shaft that are parallel and rotatable to each other are assembled on the transmission box housing from top to bottom, and the drive shaft and the driven shaft are located on the transmission box The driving cylindrical gear and the driven cylindrical gear are respectively fixed on the inner side of the housing, and the driving cylindrical gear and the driven cylindrical gear are meshed with each other. The moving sprocket, the chain is set on the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket; on the outer wall on the left side of the transmission case housing, the seed metering device housing is fixed through the connecting cylinder, and the left side of the drive shaft passes through the connecting cylinder It is inserted into the seed meter housing, and the driving bevel gear is fixed on the left end of the drive shaft, which is located inside the seed meter housing. The seed meter shaft is vertical and rotatably fitted in the seed meter housing. The lower end of the seeding shaft is fixed with a through-hole seeding plate and a seeding bevel gear sequentially from top to bottom, and the seeding bevel gear meshes with the driving bevel gear; The grooved cam track plate is fixed at the lower part of the connecting cylinder, the left side of the driven shaft is inserted into the center of the grooved cam track plate, and the left side of the driven shaft is perpendicular to the axis line The T-shaped connecting rod can be drawn and moved in the through hole of the T-shaped connecting rod, and the left and right ends of the transverse bar of the T-shaped connecting rod are respectively rotatably hinged and installed with sliders and rollers. The rollers are arranged on the grooved cam track. The groove-shaped cam track groove of the board; the horizontal guide rail is fixed on the support frame, and the sliding frame that can move longitudinally forward and backward on the horizontal guide rail is equipped with the sliding frame, and the seed guide frame is fixed on the sliding frame, and is located Below the device housing, a chute is vertically provided on the right side outer wall of the seed guide frame, and the slider can be moved up and down in the chute of the seed guide frame; Install the intermittent seed guide sheave for rotation, and the seeding hose arranged in the seed meter housing connects the through-hole seed metering plate with the intermittent seed guide sheave; on the lower part of the base plate, located at the lower part of the support frame The outer threaded inner sliding sleeve is fixed, and the inner threaded outer sliding sleeve can be rotated and moved up and down. The ball hinge is installed on the support of the upper adjustment rod, and the push-pull drive rod assembly can be moved up and down and relatively rotated on the upper side of the inner threaded outer sliding sleeve, and the lower adjustment rod support is fixed on the push-pull drive rod assembly. The upper and lower adjustment rods are installed on the lower adjustment rod support through a ball hinge, the upper end of the push-pull drive rod assembly is fixedly connected to the slider, and the inner surface of the lower end of the external threaded inner sliding sleeve is hinged and drilled The upper and lower ends of the outer pulling rod are respectively hinged on the outer end of the upper adjusting rod and the outer end of the lower adjusting rod, and the upper and lower ends of the inner pulling rod are respectively hinged with the inner end of the upper adjusting rod and the upper end of the drilling head. Connection; the seed guide hose is fixedly arranged in the seed guide frame, and the seed guide hose connects the intermittent seed guide sheave with the inner cavity of the drilling head through the inner hole of the external threaded inner sliding sleeve, thus forming a spiral drilling type No-tillage precision hole sowing equipment place.

The invention realizes the operation requirements without any treatment of straw residues, good quality of hole sowing, no damage to seeds, little soil disturbance, low power consumption, novel, reasonable and compact structure, reliable use, and no-tillage Technical support was provided for the promotion of precision hole sowing technology.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the helical drilling type no-tillage precision hole sowing device;

Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a partial view of B direction in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of part I in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of part II in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of part III in Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of part IV in Fig. 2 .

Description of part number in the figure:

1. Base plate, 2. PTO shaft, 3. Driven cylindrical gear, 4. Groove cam track plate, 5. Roller, 6. Slider, 7. Push-pull drive rod assembly, 8. Support frame, 9. Horizontal guide rail, 10, sliding frame, 11, T-shaped connecting rod, 12, driving bevel gear, 13, seed metering device housing, 14, seed metering bevel gear, 15, seed metering shaft, 16, connecting cylinder, 17, transmission Box housing, 18, driving cylindrical gear, 19, driven sprocket, 20, drive shaft, 21, driven shaft, 22, chain, 23, driving sprocket, 24, reducer, 25, power input shaft, 26 , seed guide frame, 27, through hole type seed metering plate, 28, seed metering hose, 29, intermittent seed guide sheave, 30, seed guide hose, 31, upper adjustment rod support, 32, upper adjustment rod, 33. Internally threaded outer sliding sleeve, 34. Externally threaded inner sliding sleeve, 35. Drilling head, 36. Inner pulling and pressing rod, 37. Lower adjusting rod support, 38. Lower adjusting rod, 39. External pulling and pressing pole.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A helical drilling type no-tillage precision hole sowing device, in which a support frame 8, a transmission box housing 17, and a power input shaft 25 and a power output shaft 2 are fixedly installed on the upper end of a base plate 1 from left to right. Reducer 24; drive sprocket 23 is fixed on the power output shaft 2; drive shaft 20 and driven shaft 21 are fitted parallel to each other and rotatable on the transmission case housing 17 from top to bottom , on the drive shaft 20 and the driven shaft 21, the driving cylindrical gear 18 and the driven cylindrical gear 3 are respectively fixed at the inner side of the transmission box housing 17, and the driving cylindrical gear 18 and the driven cylindrical gear 3 are mutually Engagement, on the right end of the drive shaft 20, the driven sprocket 19 is fixed at the outer part of the transmission box housing 17, and the chain 22 is sleeved on the driving sprocket 23 and the driven sprocket 19; The outer wall of the left side of the housing 17 is fixed with the seed meter housing 13 through the connecting cylinder 16, and the left side of the drive shaft 20 is inserted into the seed meter housing 13 through the connecting cylinder 16. 1. The active bevel gear 12 is fixed at the inner side of the seed metering device housing 13, and the seed metering shaft 15 is vertically and rotatably fitted in the seed metering device housing 13. On the lower end of the seed metering shaft 15, the The through-hole type seeding plate 27 and the seeding bevel gear 14 are fixed sequentially from bottom to bottom, and the seeding bevel gear 14 meshes with the driving bevel gear 12; The grooved cam track plate 4 is fixed at the lower part, and the left side of the driven shaft 21 passes through and is inserted in the center of the grooved cam track plate 4. The T-shaped connecting rod 11 that can be drawn and moved in the vertically arranged through hole is installed, and the left and right ends of the transverse bar of the T-shaped connecting rod 11 are respectively rotatably hinged and installed with a slider 6 and a roller 5. 5 is configured in the grooved cam track groove of the grooved cam track plate 4; the horizontal guide rail 9 is fixed on the support frame 8, and the equipped sliding frame 10 that can move longitudinally forward and backward on the horizontal guide rail 9 guides the seed The frame 26 is fixed on the sliding frame 10 and is located below the seed meter housing 13. A chute is vertically opened on the outer wall surface on the right side of the seed guide frame 26, and the slider 6 can move up and down. In the chute of the seed guide frame 26; the intermittent seed guide sheave 29 is rotatably installed on the upper part of the inner side of the seed guide frame 26, and the seed hose 28 arranged in the seed meter housing 13 will discharge the through-hole type The plate 27 communicates with the intermittent seed guide sheave 29; on the lower part of the base plate 1, an externally threaded inner sliding sleeve 34 is fixed at the position below the support frame 8, and the internally threaded outer sliding sleeve 33 is a suit that can rotate up and down On the outside of the externally threaded inner sliding sleeve 34, the upper adjusting rod support 31 is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the seed guide frame 26, and the upper adjusting rod 32 is installed on the upper adjusting rod support 31 through a ball joint. Type outer sliding sleeve 33 can move up and down and relatively rotate the set push-pull drive rod assembly 7 on the outside of the upper side, the lower adjustment rod support 37 is fixed on the push-pull drive rod assembly 7, and the lower adjustment rod 38 is installed on the bottom by a ball hinge. On the adjustment rod support 37, the upper end of the push-pull drive rod assembly 7 and the slider 6 Affixed, the drilling head 35 is hinged on the lower end inner surface of the externally threaded inner sliding sleeve 34, and the upper and lower ends of the external pull pressure rod 39 are respectively hinged on the outer end of the upper adjustment rod 32 and the lower adjustment rod 38. On the outer end, the upper and lower ends of the inner pull bar 36 are hingedly connected with the inner end of the upper adjustment rod 32 and the upper end of the drilling head 35 respectively; the seed introducing hose 30 is fixedly arranged in the seed introducing frame 26, The pipe 30 communicates the intermittent seed guiding sheave 29 with the inner cavity of the drilling head 35 through the inner hole of the externally threaded inner sliding sleeve 34 .

During operation, the external transmission power drives the driving cylindrical gear 18 and the driving bevel gear 12 to rotate through the power input shaft 25 of the reducer 24, the power output shaft 2, the driving sprocket 23, the chain 22, the driven sprocket 19, and the driving shaft 20 , wherein the driving bevel gear 12 drives the seeding bevel gear 14 and drives the through-hole type seeding plate 27 to rotate on the horizontal plane, and the seeds in the seed metering device housing 13 are discharged through the through hole of the through-hole type seeding plate 27. Kind hose 28 is conveyed in the groove pit of intermittent seed guiding sheave 29, and simultaneously driving cylindrical gear 18 drives T-shaped connecting rod 11 to rotate through driven cylindrical gear 3 and driven shaft 21 successively, and the roller on one end of T-shaped connecting rod 11 5 moves in the track groove of grooved cam track plate 4, and the slide block 6 on the other end of the T-shaped connecting rod 11 does a reciprocating linear slide up and down in the chute on the outer wall surface on the right side of the seed guide frame 26, and passes through the guide seed Frame 26 drives sliding frame 10 and internally threaded outer sliding sleeve 33 and externally threaded inner sliding sleeve 34 to do reciprocating linear motion identical with the direction of motion of the device on horizontal guide rail 9, so as to realize zero-speed hole opening and sowing. Purpose, wherein, when the seed introducing frame 26 moves to a certain position in the direction opposite to the forward speed of the device, the seed introducing hose 30 fixed on the seed introducing frame 26 contacts with the intermittent seed introducing sheave 29 and toggles intermittently Seed guide sheave 29 rotates an angle of cogging counterclockwise, so that the seeds in the cogs fall into the through hole of externally threaded inner sliding sleeve 34 through seed guide hose 30, and are stored inside drilling head 35; slide block 6 The up and down movement of the push-pull drive rod assembly 7 drives the internally threaded outer sliding sleeve 33 to perform up-and-down and rotating compound motions on the outside of the externally threaded internal sliding sleeve 34, so as to realize and complete the spiral drilling operation of the internally threaded outer sliding sleeve 33. Synchronously with this, when slide block 6 moves up and down relative to seed guide frame 26, outer pull pressure rod 39 and inner pull pressure rod 36 drive drilling head 35 around it and outside through upper adjustment rod 32 and lower adjustment rod 38 respectively. The hinge point on the threaded inner sliding sleeve 34 swings, wherein when the drilling head 35 swings and closes, it forms the drill point together with the lower top of the inner threaded outer sliding sleeve 33, and completes the soil hole seeding drilling operation. When the swing was opened, the seeds stored in the drilling head 35 fell in the soil hole to complete sowing. Cycle continuously in turn.

Claims (1)

1. A spiral drilling type no-tillage precision hole sowing device, characterized in that: on the upper end of the base plate (1) from left to right, a support frame (8), a transmission case housing (17) and A speed reducer (24) with a power input shaft (25) and a power output shaft (2); a drive sprocket (23) is fixed on the power output shaft (2); (17) A drive shaft (20) and a driven shaft (21) that are parallel and rotatable from top to bottom are installed on the drive shaft (20) and driven shaft (21) and are located in the transmission box shell The driving cylindrical gear (18) and the driven cylindrical gear (3) are fixed respectively at the inner side of the body (17), and the driving cylindrical gear (18) and the driven cylindrical gear (3) mesh with each other, and the 20) On the right end, the driven sprocket (19) is fixed at the outer part of the transmission box housing (17), and the chain (22) is sleeved on the driving sprocket (23) and the driven sprocket (19); The outer wall of the left side of the transmission box housing (17) is fixed with the seed meter housing (13) through the connecting cylinder (16), and the left side of the drive shaft (20) is inserted into the row through the connecting cylinder (16). In the seed device housing (13), on the left end of the drive shaft (20), the active bevel gear (12) is fixed at the inner side of the seed meter housing (13), and the seed metering shaft (15) is vertical and It is rotatably fitted in the seed metering device housing (13), and the through-hole seed metering plate (27) and the seed metering bevel gear (14) are sequentially fixed on the lower end of the seed metering shaft (15) from top to bottom. , the seeding bevel gear (14) meshes with the driving bevel gear (12); on the outer wall of the left side of the transmission box housing (17), a grooved cam track plate is fixed at the position below the connecting cylinder (16) (4), the left side of the driven shaft (21) passes through and is inserted into the center of the grooved cam track plate (4), and the left side of the driven shaft (21) is perpendicular to the axis line The T-shaped connecting rod (11) that can be drawn and moved is installed in the through hole of the through hole, and the sliding block (6) and the roller (6) and the roller ( 5), the roller (5) is configured in the grooved cam track groove of the grooved cam track plate (4); the horizontal guide rail (9) is fixed on the support frame (8), and the horizontal guide rail ( 9) An equipped sliding frame (10) that can move longitudinally back and forth, the seed guide frame (26) is fixed on the sliding frame (10), and is located below the seed meter housing (13). The right side outer wall surface of frame (26) vertically offers chute, and described slide block (6) can move up and down disposition in the chute of introducing frame (26); Intermittent seed guide sheaves (29) are rotatably installed, and the seed hose (28) arranged in the seed meter housing (13) connects the through-hole type seed metering plate (27) with the intermittent seed guide sheaves (29) ) is connected; on the lower part of the base plate (1) and at the lower part of the support frame (8), an externally threaded inner sliding sleeve (34) is fixed, and an internally threaded outer sliding sleeve (33) can rotate and move up and down. Slip inside the external thread On the outside of the cover (34), the upper adjusting rod support (31) is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the seed guide frame (26), and the upper adjusting rod (32) is installed on the upper adjusting rod support (31) through a ball hinge. The push-pull drive rod assembly (7) that can move up and down and relatively rotate on the upper side of the inner thread type outer sliding sleeve (33), the lower adjustment rod support (37) is fixed on the push-pull drive rod assembly ( 7) The upper and lower adjustment rods (38) are installed on the lower adjustment rod support (37) through a ball joint, and the upper end of the push-pull drive rod assembly (7) is fixedly connected to the slider (6). On the lower end inner surface of the sliding sleeve (34) of the formula, the drilling head (35) is hinged, and the upper and lower ends of the outer pull bar (39) are respectively hinged on the outer end of the upper adjustment rod (32) and the lower adjustment rod ( 38) On the outer end, the upper and lower ends of the inner pull bar (36) are hingedly connected with the inner end of the upper adjusting rod (32) and the upper end of the drilling head (35) respectively; In the seed frame (26), the seed guiding hose (30) communicates with the inner cavity of the drilling head (35) through the inner hole of the externally threaded inner sliding sleeve (34) through the intermittent seed guiding sheave (29).