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CN110265858B - High-power Raman fiber laser system capable of selectively exciting high-order modes - Google Patents

High-power Raman fiber laser system capable of selectively exciting high-order modes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110265858B
CN110265858B CN201910532878.2A CN201910532878A CN110265858B CN 110265858 B CN110265858 B CN 110265858B CN 201910532878 A CN201910532878 A CN 201910532878A CN 110265858 B CN110265858 B CN 110265858B
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raman
order
fiber
seed
mode
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CN110265858A (en
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姚天甫
陈薏竹
宋家鑫
叶俊
张扬
冷进勇
肖虎
黄良金
许将明
刘伟
周朴
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National University of Defense Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067Fibre lasers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094042Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094042Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser
    • H01S3/094046Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser of a Raman fibre laser
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/30Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
    • H01S3/302Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in an optical fibre

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

A high-power Raman fiber laser system for selectively exciting a high-order mode, wherein a 1# seed source outputs seed light with a fundamental mode signal wavelength; the seed source 2 outputs high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light; the output tail fibers of the 1# seed source and the 2# seed source are respectively connected with one input arm of the power beam combiner, each fiber laser pumping source in the fiber laser pumping source array is respectively connected with other input arms of the power beam combiner, the output arm of the power beam combiner is connected with a Raman fiber, the Raman fiber is spirally bent to form an amplifier structure, and the tail end of the Raman fiber outputs Raman laser through an end cap. According to the invention, the fundamental mode signal wavelength seed light and the high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light are simultaneously added into the Raman fiber amplifier, the cascade stimulated Raman scattering is utilized to additionally generate the high-order Raman of the high-order mode, the high-order Raman is guided to forward transmit, and the high-order mode high-order Raman is filtered out again by utilizing the bending loss of the Raman fiber in the transmission process, so that the effect of inhibiting the high-order Raman is achieved.

Description

High-power Raman fiber laser system capable of selectively exciting high-order modes
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber lasers, and relates to a laser system for inhibiting high-order Raman by simultaneously utilizing a fundamental mode signal gain and a high-order mode high-order Raman gain in a high-power Raman fiber amplifier.
Background
The Raman fiber amplifier generates laser gain by utilizing stimulated Raman scattering effect in the fiber, has no limit on pumping wavelength, is not influenced by gain saturation, amplified spontaneous radiation, photon darkening effect and the like, and has wide application in important fields such as optical communication, supercontinuum generation, special band light source acquisition, medical treatment and the like. Raman fiber amplifiers have achieved kw-level continuous laser output thanks to the development of high brightness pumping technology. Currently, the main factor limiting the further power boost of raman fiber amplifiers comes from the generation of high-order raman, i.e. first-order stokes light corresponding to signal light. This is because when the signal wavelength laser power reaches the pump threshold power of the higher order raman, the signal wavelength laser converts the power to the higher order raman wavelength as pump light, resulting in an even drop in the output power stagflation.
Currently, technologies in suppressing stimulated raman scattering are mainly divided into three types:
One is to use a gain fiber with wavelength selectivity, such as a W-type fiber, etc., but this fiber has a complicated drawing process, high cost, large transmission loss (about 7.5dB/km@ λ=1 μm), and is difficult to realize an all-fiber structure.
The second is to couple the core mode to the cladding mode using spectrally filtering optics such as spatially structured low pass filters, long period gratings and tilted gratings, polarization maintaining fiber 45 degree offset fusion techniques, and the like. The defects of the method are as follows: the spatial structure low-pass filter has coupling loss, is not an all-fiber structure, and has low system stability. Long period gratings and tilted gratings are currently used for single seed implantation only, with limited suppression capability. The 45-degree dislocation fusion technology of the polarization maintaining fiber is only suitable for linear polarization Raman fiber lasers.
The third is a cascade pump mixing gain, by injecting the signal light and the raman light of the same mode as seeds at the same time, but only the backward stimulated raman scattering can be suppressed, not only the generation of the forward stimulated raman scattering can not be suppressed or even promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a high-power Raman fiber laser system for selectively exciting a high-order mode. The invention simultaneously utilizes the gain of the fundamental mode signal and the gain of the high-order mode and the high-order Raman to inhibit the high-order Raman, so as to greatly improve the threshold value of the nonlinear effect in the Raman fiber amplifier and finally obtain the high-power Raman fiber laser output. The invention is not only suitable for high-order Raman suppression of the Raman fiber amplifier, but also for Raman suppression of the ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A high-power Raman fiber laser system for selectively exciting a high-order mode comprises a 1# seed source, a 2# seed source, an optical fiber laser pumping source array, a power beam combiner and a Raman fiber.
The 1# seed source outputs a fundamental mode signal seed light; the seed source 2 outputs high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light; the fiber laser pumping source array comprises a plurality of fiber laser pumping sources distributed in an array;
The output tail fibers of the 1# seed source and the 2# seed source are respectively connected with one input arm of the power beam combiner, each fiber laser pumping source in the fiber laser pumping source array is respectively connected with other input arms of the power beam combiner, the output arm of the power beam combiner is connected with a Raman fiber, the Raman fiber is spirally bent to form an amplifier structure, and the tail end of the Raman fiber outputs Raman laser through an end cap.
According to the invention, the high-order mode high-order Raman seed light is injected through the 2# seed source, and the induced high-order Raman light is the high-order mode high-order Raman light. When the raman fiber is spirally bent, the incidence angle of each mode of light at the interface of the core and the cladding of the raman fiber becomes large. Wherein: the higher the order of the modes, the greater the angle of incidence at the core-cladding interface, the closer to the critical angle for total reflection, and the greater the corresponding bending loss. The incidence angle of the high-order mode high-order Raman light is close to the critical angle of total reflection, the bending loss of the high-order mode high-order Raman light is larger than that of the fundamental mode signal seed light, so that the high-order mode high-order Raman light is filtered while being generated, the fundamental mode signal seed light is amplified all the time, and the suppression of the high-order Raman is realized in the transmission process.
Furthermore, different spiral bending diameters can be designed for Raman fibers with different structures, so that the difference of bending loss of the high-order mode high-order Raman light and the base mode signal seed light is larger, and the filtering of the high-order mode high-order Raman light and the amplification of the base mode signal seed light are facilitated. This is because, when the spiral bending diameter of the raman fiber is too small, the bending loss of the fundamental mode signal seed light will also increase, so that the difference between the bending losses of the fundamental mode signal seed light and the higher order mode higher order raman light will decrease, which will be detrimental to the amplification of the fundamental mode signal seed light.
The types of the fiber laser pumping sources in the fiber laser pumping source array are not limited, and the wavelength is not limited. The fiber laser pump source can be a fiber laser, or other lasers, such as solid state lasers, semiconductor lasers, etc. If a fiber laser is selected as the fiber laser pumping source, the wavelength range of 1018nm to 1080nm is preferable. If a semiconductor laser is selected as the fiber laser pumping source, the wavelength range is preferably 915nm to 976nm.
The Raman fiber in the invention is a step-index distribution fiber or other large-mode-field fiber with refractive index distribution, such as a W-type fiber, an STF fiber and the like.
The seed source 1 is a fundamental mode signal seed source, the seed source 2 is a high-order mode high-order Raman seed source, and the wavelength of the seed source 2 is positioned in a Stokes wave band corresponding to the wavelength of the seed source 1. For example, a frequency shift of 13.2THz corresponds to the maximum raman gain coefficient of the silica fiber.
The seed source 2# is a high-order mode high-order Raman seed source, the high-order mode refers to a transverse mode above the LP02 mode, and the high-order mode component is not lower than 90%.
The implementation mode of the No. 2 seed source is as follows: the 2# seed source can directly output the high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light through an oscillator based on the high-order mode fiber bragg grating. The 2# seed source can also excite the basic mode high-order Raman seed source into high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light, for example, a long-period fiber bragg grating, an inclined grating or an acoustic fiber bragg grating corresponding to the high-order Raman wavelength is additionally arranged at the joint of the output arm of the power beam combiner and the Raman fiber, and the basic mode high-order Raman seed is excited into the high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light.
In order to protect the 1# seed source and the 2# seed source, an isolator can be additionally arranged on output tail fibers of the two seed sources respectively to prevent the influence of backward return light.
The invention controls the laser output characteristic and the inhibition effect by adjusting the power ratio of the two seed sources and the spiral bending diameter of the Raman fiber.
The tail fiber of the power beam combiner and the fiber core of the Raman fiber can support high-order mode transmission of high-order Raman wavelength.
As an optimal technical scheme, the connection part of the output arm of the power beam combiner and the Raman fiber is connected with the fiber grating through a fusion point, and the tail end of the Raman fiber is connected with the fiber grating through the fusion point and outputs Raman laser through the end cap.
The invention can be connected into the next-stage amplifier for cascade amplification so as to obtain higher power.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can produce the following technical effects:
The object of the present invention is to suppress generation of high order raman in a raman fiber amplifier. The method is mainly characterized in that a basic mode signal seed light and a high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light are simultaneously added into a Raman fiber amplifier, cascade stimulated Raman scattering is utilized to artificially additionally generate high-order Raman of a high-order mode, the high-order Raman is guided to forward transmit, and the high-order mode high-order Raman is filtered out again by utilizing bending loss of a Raman fiber in the transmission process, so that the safety of a system is ensured, the high-order Raman threshold value is improved, and the power is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Because the high-power Raman fiber amplifier generally adopts a few-mode or multimode step-index fiber, the modes supported by the fiber core comprise a fundamental mode and a high-order mode; and the optical fiber length is long (several tens of meters or more) requiring a helical bending process, while the mode field area and bending loss of the high-order mode and long wavelength are much larger than those of the fundamental mode and short wavelength. Therefore, the invention can inhibit the generation of the fundamental mode of the high-order Raman by additionally exciting the high-order Raman of the high-order mode, and the generated high-order Raman of the high-order mode can be filtered out by bending loss in the subsequent transmission process, thereby achieving the effect of inhibiting the high-order Raman and being beneficial to further improving the signal light power.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown. A high-power Raman fiber laser system for selectively exciting a high-order mode comprises a 1# seed source 1, a 2# seed source 2, a fiber laser pumping source array 3, a power beam combiner 4 and a Raman fiber 5.
The 1# seed source outputs a fundamental mode signal seed light; the seed source 2 outputs high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light; the fiber laser pumping source array comprises a plurality of fiber laser pumping sources distributed in an array. The invention has no requirement on the type and wavelength of the fiber laser pumping source, and can be a fiber laser, or other lasers, such as a solid laser, a semiconductor laser and the like.
And the output tail fibers of the 1# seed source 1 and the 2# seed source 2 are respectively connected with a 1# isolator 9 and a 2# isolator 10, and the isolators can protect the 1# seed source 1 and the 2# seed source 2 from being influenced by backward return light.
The 1# seed source 1 and the 2# seed source 2 are respectively connected with one input arm of the power combiner 4, each fiber laser pumping source in the fiber laser pumping source array 3 is respectively connected with other input arms of the power combiner 4, and an output arm of the power combiner 4 is connected with the raman fiber 5, wherein in the embodiment: and a long-period fiber grating, an inclined grating or an acoustic fiber grating 8 corresponding to the high-order Raman wavelength is additionally arranged at the joint of the output arm of the power beam combiner 4 and the Raman fiber 5, so that the high-order Raman seed of the fundamental mode is excited into high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light. The raman fiber 5 is spirally bent to form an amplifier structure, and the end of the raman fiber 5 outputs raman laser light through the end cap 6.
And injecting high-order mode high-order Raman seed light through the 2# seed source 2, wherein the induced high-order Raman light is the high-order mode high-order Raman light. When the Raman fiber is spirally bent, the incidence angle of the light of each mode at the fiber core-cladding interface of the Raman fiber is increased, wherein the incidence angle of the high-order mode high-order Raman light is close to the total reflection critical angle, the bending loss of the high-order mode high-order Raman light is larger than that of the fundamental mode signal seed light, so that the high-order mode high-order Raman light is filtered while being generated, the fundamental mode signal seed light is amplified all the time, and the inhibition of the high-order Raman is realized in the transmission process
In the invention, a 1# seed source 1 is a fundamental mode signal seed source, a 2# seed source 2 is a high-order mode high-order Raman seed source, and the wavelength of the 2# seed source is positioned in a Stokes wave band corresponding to the wavelength of the 1# seed source. For example, a frequency shift of 13.2THz corresponds to the maximum raman gain coefficient of the silica fiber.
The 2# seed source 2 is a high-order mode high-order Raman seed source, the high-order mode refers to a transverse mode above the LP02 mode, and the high-order mode component is not lower than 90%.
The laser output characteristic and the inhibition effect are controlled by adjusting the power ratio of the two seed sources and the spiral bending diameter of the Raman fiber.
The fiber core of the power combiner pigtail and the raman fiber can support high-order mode transmission of high-order raman wavelength.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown. A high-power Raman fiber laser system for selectively exciting a high-order mode comprises a 1# seed source 1, a 2# seed source 2, a fiber laser pumping source array 3, a power beam combiner 4 and a Raman fiber 5.
The 1# seed source outputs a fundamental mode signal seed light; the seed source 2 outputs high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light; the fiber laser pumping source array comprises a plurality of fiber laser pumping sources distributed in an array.
The 1# seed source 1 and the 2# seed source are respectively connected with one input arm of the power combiner 4, each fiber laser pumping source in the fiber laser pumping source array 3 is respectively connected with other input arms of the power combiner 4, and an output arm of the power combiner 4 is connected with the raman fiber 5, wherein in the embodiment: the connection part of the output arm of the power combiner 4 and the Raman fiber 5 is connected with a fiber grating 7 through a fusion point. The raman fiber 5 is spirally bent to form an amplifier structure, and the tail end of the raman fiber 5 is also connected with a fiber bragg grating 7 through a fusion point and outputs raman laser through an end cap 6.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A high-power Raman fiber laser system for selectively exciting a high-order mode is characterized in that: the device comprises a 1# seed source, a 2# seed source, an optical fiber laser pumping source array, a power beam combiner and a Raman fiber;
The 1# seed source outputs a fundamental mode signal seed light; the seed source 2 outputs high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light; the fiber laser pumping source array comprises a plurality of fiber laser pumping sources distributed in an array;
The output tail fibers of the 1# seed source and the 2# seed source are respectively connected with one input arm of the power beam combiner, each fiber laser pumping source in the fiber laser pumping source array is respectively connected with other input arms of the power beam combiner, the output arm of the power beam combiner is connected with a Raman fiber, the Raman fiber is spirally bent to form an amplifier structure, and the tail end of the Raman fiber outputs Raman laser through an end cap; injecting high-order mode high-order Raman seed light through a 2# seed source, wherein the induced high-order Raman light is the high-order mode high-order Raman light; when the Raman fiber is spirally bent, the incidence angle of light of each mode at the fiber core-cladding interface of the Raman fiber is increased, wherein the incidence angle of the high-order mode high-order Raman light is close to the total reflection critical angle, the bending loss of the high-order mode high-order Raman light is larger than that of the fundamental mode signal seed light, so that the high-order mode high-order Raman light is filtered while being generated, the fundamental mode signal seed light is amplified all the time, and the suppression of the high-order Raman is realized in the transmission process.
2. The high power raman fiber laser system of claim 1, wherein the high power raman fiber laser system selectively excites higher order modes, wherein: the seed source 1 is a fundamental mode signal seed source, the seed source 2 is a higher order mode high order Raman seed source, and the wavelength of the seed source 2 is located in a Stokes wave band corresponding to the wavelength of the seed source 1.
3. The high power raman fiber laser system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the high power raman fiber laser system selectively excites higher order modes, wherein: the seed source 2# is a high-order mode high-order Raman seed source, the high-order mode refers to a transverse mode above the LP02 mode, and the high-order mode component is not lower than 90%.
4. A high power raman fiber laser system for selectively exciting higher order modes according to claim 3, wherein: the implementation mode of the No. 2 seed source is as follows: and directly outputting the high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light through an oscillator based on the high-order mode fiber bragg grating.
5. A high power raman fiber laser system for selectively exciting higher order modes according to claim 3, wherein: the implementation mode of the No. 2 seed source is as follows: and exciting the fundamental mode high-order Raman seed source into high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light.
6. The high power raman fiber laser system of claim 1, wherein the high power raman fiber laser system selectively excites higher order modes, wherein: and an isolator is respectively additionally arranged on the output tail fibers of the 1# seed source and the 2# seed source.
7. The high power raman fiber laser system of claim 1, wherein the high power raman fiber laser system selectively excites higher order modes, wherein: and a long-period fiber grating, an inclined grating or an acoustic fiber grating corresponding to the high-order Raman wavelength is additionally arranged at the joint of the output arm of the power beam combiner and the Raman fiber, so that the high-order Raman seed of the fundamental mode is excited into high-order mode high-order Raman wavelength seed light.
8. The high power raman fiber laser system of claim 1, wherein the high power raman fiber laser system selectively excites higher order modes, wherein: the output arm of the power beam combiner is connected with a fiber grating through a fusion point, and the tail end of the Raman fiber is connected with the fiber grating through the fusion point and outputs Raman laser through the end cap.
9. A high power raman fiber laser system according to claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6 or claim 7 or claim 8, selectively exciting higher order modes, characterized by: the fiber laser pump source is a fiber laser, a solid state laser or a semiconductor laser.
10. The high power raman fiber laser system of claim 9, wherein the high power raman fiber laser system selectively excites higher order modes, wherein: the raman fiber is a step index profile fiber, a W-type fiber or an STF fiber.
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