CN110265795B - Multi-frequency narrow beam antenna - Google Patents
Multi-frequency narrow beam antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN110265795B CN110265795B CN201910591918.0A CN201910591918A CN110265795B CN 110265795 B CN110265795 B CN 110265795B CN 201910591918 A CN201910591918 A CN 201910591918A CN 110265795 B CN110265795 B CN 110265795B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-gain multi-frequency narrow beam antenna with good convergence, which comprises a first high-frequency column, a second high-frequency column, a third high-frequency column and a fourth high-frequency column, wherein the first high-frequency column, the second high-frequency column, the third high-frequency column and the fourth high-frequency column are formed by a plurality of first high-frequency radiating units, second high-frequency radiating units, third high-frequency radiating units and fourth high-frequency radiating units along a first reference line, a second reference line, a third reference line and a fourth reference line respectively; a plurality of first and second low-frequency radiating units respectively correspond to first and second low-frequency columns formed along the first and third reference lines; the first, second, third and fourth reference lines are sequentially arranged at intervals and are parallel to each other, the first high-frequency columns and the second high-frequency columns form a first high-frequency narrow beam array, the third high-frequency columns and the fourth high-frequency columns form a second high-frequency narrow beam array, and the first low-frequency columns and the second low-frequency columns form a low-frequency narrow beam array; the low-frequency narrow beam array comprises a first low-frequency radiating element, a second low-frequency radiating element and a second low-frequency radiating element, wherein the first low-frequency radiating element and the second low-frequency radiating element are adjacent to each other, and/or the first low-frequency radiating element is not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiating element.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication antennas, in particular to a multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the requirements of users on communication quality are also higher and higher, and the existing conventional antennas cannot meet the requirements of all coverage scenes, especially special coverage scenes with long and narrow characteristics (such as special directional coverage scenes of high-speed rails, highways and the like), if the existing conventional base station antennas with the horizontal beam width of 65 degrees are adopted for coverage, the electromagnetic signals of the antennas easily pass through two sides of a road, so that interference is caused outside the road area, and therefore, for the long and narrow coverage scenes such as the high-speed rails, the narrow beam antennas are often required to be adopted for coverage.
However, the existing narrow beam antenna has the disadvantages of divergent low-frequency beam, poor high-low frequency gain and easy influence on the coverage of a side area, can only realize better coverage of two frequency bands of 820HZ-960MHZ and 1710MHZ-2170MHZ, and is difficult to meet the coverage of a 5G high frequency band.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna, which is aimed at breaking through the bottleneck of the prior art and solving the technical problems of low-frequency beam divergence and poor high-low frequency gain of the existing narrow beam antenna.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the multi-frequency narrow beam antenna is as follows:
a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna comprising:
a first high-frequency column formed by the plurality of first high-frequency radiating elements along a first reference line, a second high-frequency column formed by the plurality of second high-frequency radiating elements along a second reference line, a third high-frequency column formed by the plurality of third high-frequency radiating elements along a third reference line, and a fourth high-frequency column formed by the plurality of fourth high-frequency radiating elements along a fourth reference line;
a first low frequency column formed by a plurality of first low frequency radiating elements along the first reference line and a second low frequency column formed by a plurality of second low frequency radiating elements along the third reference line;
the first reference line, the second reference line, the third reference line and the fourth reference line are sequentially arranged at intervals and are parallel to each other, the first high-frequency column and the second high-frequency column form a first high-frequency narrow beam array, the third high-frequency column and the fourth high-frequency column form a second high-frequency narrow beam array, and the first low-frequency column and the second low-frequency column form a low-frequency narrow beam array;
the low-frequency narrow beam array comprises a first low-frequency radiating element and a second low-frequency radiating element which are adjacent to each other in pairs, and the second low-frequency radiating element which is not adjacent to each first low-frequency radiating element, and/or the first low-frequency radiating element which is not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiating element.
Further, when the first low-frequency column has the first low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column, the first low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column are located at the head and/or tail of the first low-frequency column.
Further, the number of the first low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column is equal to or less than 2.
Further, when the second low-frequency columns have the second low-frequency radiating elements which are not adjacent to the first low-frequency radiating elements in the first low-frequency columns, the second low-frequency radiating elements which are not adjacent to the first low-frequency radiating elements in the first low-frequency columns are positioned at the head and/or tail of the second low-frequency columns.
Further, the number of the second low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating elements in the first low-frequency column is equal to or less than 2.
Further, when the first low-frequency column has the first low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column and the second low-frequency column has the second low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to the first low-frequency radiating elements in the first low-frequency column, the first low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column are located at the head of the column, and the second low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to the first low-frequency radiating elements in the first low-frequency column are located at the tail of the second low-frequency column.
Further, there are only 1 first low-frequency radiating elements that are not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column, and there are also only 1 second low-frequency radiating elements that are not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating elements in the first low-frequency column.
Further, a column spacing D1 of the first high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.7-0.9λ1, a column spacing D2 of the second high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.7-0.9λ2, and a column spacing D3 of the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.7-0.9λ3;
the line spacing d1 between any two adjacent first high-frequency radiating elements and any two adjacent second high-frequency radiating elements in the first high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ1, the line spacing d2 between any two adjacent third high-frequency radiating elements and any two adjacent fourth high-frequency radiating elements in the second high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ2, and the line spacing d3 between any two adjacent first low-frequency radiating elements and any two adjacent second low-frequency radiating elements in the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ3;
λ1, λ2 and λ3 are the center frequency wavelengths of the first high-frequency narrow beam array, the second high-frequency narrow beam array and the low-frequency narrow beam array, respectively.
Further, each of the first low-frequency radiating elements of the first low-frequency column is coaxially nested with each of the first high-frequency radiating elements of the first high-frequency column, and each of the second low-frequency radiating elements of the second low-frequency column is coaxially nested with each of the third high-frequency radiating elements of the third high-frequency column.
Further, the first low-frequency radiating elements and the second low-frequency radiating elements that are adjacent to each other are arranged side by side, or each of the first low-frequency radiating elements in the first low-frequency column and each of the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column are arranged in a staggered manner.
Further, the working frequency band of the first high-frequency narrow beam array is 1710-2170 MHz, the working frequency band of the second high-frequency narrow beam array is 1710-2690 MHz, and the working frequency band of the low-frequency narrow beam array is 820-960 MHz.
Based on the technical scheme, the multi-frequency narrow beam antenna has at least the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
according to the multi-frequency narrow beam antenna, by arranging the first high-frequency narrow beam array, the second high-frequency narrow beam array and the low-frequency narrow beam array, three-frequency-band narrow beam coverage can be realized, and the high requirements of communication network services of whole coverage of long and narrow scenes such as high-speed rails and the like can be met; by arranging the low-frequency narrow beam array to have the second low-frequency radiating elements which are not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating elements and/or the first low-frequency radiating elements which are not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements, the first low-frequency column can be provided with a low-frequency radiating element group formed by a single first low-frequency radiating element and/or the second low-frequency column can be provided with a low-frequency radiating element group formed by a single second low-frequency radiating element, so that on the premise that the number of radiating elements required by the vertical plane beam forming requirement is met, the number of the first low-frequency radiating elements and/or the second low-frequency radiating elements can be reduced correspondingly due to the low-frequency radiating element group, the boundary of the low-frequency narrow beam array can be simplified, the low-frequency beam convergence can be improved, and the high-frequency low-frequency gain can be improved correspondingly; in addition, the reduction of the number of the first low-frequency radiating units and/or the second low-frequency radiating units can avoid the mutual coupling influence between the low-frequency radiating units and the high-frequency radiating units, and meanwhile, the gain, standing waves and other electrical indexes of the first high-frequency narrow beam array and/or the second high-frequency narrow beam array can be improved, so that better antenna electrical performance and radiation performance can be obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals illustrate:
110-a first low frequency column; 111a, 111b, 111c, 111 d-first low frequency radiating elements; 120-a second low frequency column; 121a, 121b, 121c, 121 d-second low frequency radiating elements; 200-a first high frequency narrow beam array; 210-a first high frequency column; 211-a first high-frequency radiating element; 220-a second high frequency column; 221-a second high-frequency radiating element; 300-a second high frequency narrow beam array; 310-third high frequency column; 311-a third high-frequency radiating element; 320-fourth high frequency column; 321-fourth high-frequency radiating elements; a1-a first reference line; a2-a second reference line; a3-a third reference line; a4-fourth reference line.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, terms of directions such as up, down, top, bottom, side, left, right, etc. are merely relative concepts or references to normal use states of the product, and should not be construed as limiting.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-frequency narrow beam antenna, which includes:
a first high-frequency column 210 formed by the plurality of first high-frequency radiating elements 211 along the first reference line A1, a second high-frequency column 220 formed by the plurality of second high-frequency radiating elements 221 along the second reference line A2, a third high-frequency column 310 formed by the plurality of third high-frequency radiating elements 311 along the third reference line A3, and a fourth high-frequency column 320 formed by the plurality of fourth high-frequency radiating elements 321 along the fourth reference line A4;
a first low-frequency column 110 formed by a plurality of first low-frequency radiating elements (e.g., 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d in fig. 1) along a first reference line A1 and a second low-frequency column 120 formed by a plurality of second low-frequency radiating elements (e.g., 121a, 121b, 121c in fig. 1) along a third reference line A3;
the first reference line A1, the second reference line A2, the third reference line A3 and the fourth reference line A4 are sequentially arranged at intervals and are parallel to each other, the first high-frequency column 210 and the second high-frequency column 220 form a first high-frequency narrow beam array 200, the third high-frequency column 310 and the fourth high-frequency column 320 form a second high-frequency narrow beam array 300, and the first low-frequency column 110 and the second low-frequency column 120 form a low-frequency narrow beam array (not shown);
the low-frequency narrow beam array includes first low-frequency radiating elements and second low-frequency radiating elements (e.g., 111b and 121a, 111c and 121b, 111d and 121c in fig. 1) adjacent to each other, first low-frequency radiating elements (e.g., 111a in fig. 1) not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiating element (e.g., 121a, 121b, 121c in fig. 1), and/or second low-frequency radiating elements (e.g., 121d in fig. 3) not adjacent to each first low-frequency radiating element (e.g., 111a, 111b, 111c in fig. 3).
According to the multi-frequency narrow beam antenna, by arranging the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200, the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300 and the low-frequency narrow beam array, three-frequency-band narrow beam coverage can be realized, and the high requirements of the communication network service of the whole coverage of long and narrow scenes such as high-speed rails and the like can be met; by arranging the low-frequency narrow beam array to have the second low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each first low-frequency radiating element and/or the first low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiating element, the first low-frequency column 110 can be provided with a low-frequency radiating element group formed by the single first low-frequency radiating element and/or the second low-frequency column 120 can be provided with a low-frequency radiating element group formed by the single second low-frequency radiating element, so that on the premise of meeting the number of radiating elements required by the vertical plane beam forming requirement, the number of the first low-frequency radiating elements and/or the second low-frequency radiating elements can be reduced correspondingly due to the low-frequency radiating element group, thereby simplifying the boundary of the low-frequency narrow beam array, improving the low-frequency beam convergence and improving the high-low-frequency gain; in addition, the reduction of the number of the first low-frequency radiating units and/or the second low-frequency radiating units can avoid the mutual coupling influence between the low-frequency radiating units and the high-frequency radiating units, and meanwhile, the gain, standing waves and other electrical indexes of the first high-frequency narrow beam array and the second high-frequency narrow beam array are improved, so that better antenna electrical performance and radiation performance are obtained.
It should be understood that, in practical application, the two adjacent first low-frequency radiating elements and the second low-frequency radiating elements are connected through the power divider and then connected to a phase shifter (not shown) in the multi-frequency beam antenna, so as to form a 32 ° narrow beam; the above-mentioned single first low-frequency radiation unit and single second low-frequency radiation unit are not equipped with correspondent power divider, i.e. they are not connected with power divider, but are directly connected with phase shifter in the multi-frequency narrow beam antenna.
In practical applications, the first low-frequency column 110 and the second low-frequency column 120 may be disposed along the second reference line A2 and the fourth reference line A4, respectively, which is not limited herein.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1 and 2 together, when the first low-frequency column 110 has a first low-frequency radiating element (e.g., 111a in fig. 1; 111a and 111d in fig. 2) that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements (e.g., 121a, 121b, 121c in fig. 1; 121a and 111d in fig. 2) in the second low-frequency column 120, a first low-frequency radiating element (e.g., 111a in fig. 1; 121a and 111d in fig. 2) that is not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements (e.g., 121a, 121b in fig. 2) in the second low-frequency column 120 is located at the head and/or tail of the first low-frequency column 110. The arrangement of the first low frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the second low frequency radiating elements in the second low frequency column 120 at the head and/or tail of the first low frequency column 110 has a better effect on the low frequency beam convergence and improvement of the antenna electrical performance and can reduce the influence on the low frequency narrow beam array pattern. It is further preferable that the number of the first low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column 120 is 2 or less. In this way, the convergence is improved, and the coverage effect of the low-frequency narrow beam array is better, so that the radiation indexes such as low-frequency gain and the like are prevented from being influenced by the too small number of second low-frequency radiation units of the second low-frequency column 120 relative to the first low-frequency column 110. Referring to fig. 2, when the number of the first low-frequency radiating elements 111a and 111d not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements 121a and 121b in the second low-frequency column 120=2, it is more preferable that the two first low-frequency radiating elements 111a and 111d are disposed at the head and tail of the first low-frequency column 110, respectively, so as to ensure better radiation performance of the first low-frequency column 110.
Similarly, referring to fig. 3 and 4 together, when the second low frequency column 120 may have second low frequency radiating elements (e.g., 111a, 111b, 111c in fig. 3, and 111a, 111b in fig. 4) not adjacent to each of the first low frequency radiating elements (e.g., 121d in fig. 3, 121a, and 121d in fig. 4) in the first low frequency column 110, second low frequency radiating elements (e.g., 111a, 111b, 111c in fig. 3, and 111a, 111b in fig. 4) not adjacent to each of the first low frequency radiating elements (e.g., 121d in fig. 3, 121a, and 121d in fig. 4) in the second low frequency column 120 are located at the head and/or tail of the second low frequency column 120. The arrangement of the second low frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the first low frequency radiating elements in the first low frequency column 110 at the head and/or tail of the second low frequency column 120 has a better effect on the low frequency beam convergence and improvement of the antenna electrical performance and can reduce the influence on the low frequency narrow beam array pattern. It is further preferable that the number of second low-frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating elements in the first low-frequency column 110 be 2 or less. In this way, the convergence is improved, and the coverage effect of the low-frequency narrow beam array is better, so that the radiation indexes such as low-frequency gain and the like are prevented from being influenced by the too small number of the first low-frequency radiation units relative to the second low-frequency array 120 in the first low-frequency array 110. Referring to fig. 4, when the number of the second low-frequency radiating elements 121a and 121d not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating elements 111a and 111b in the first low-frequency column 110=2, it is more preferable that the two first low-frequency radiating elements 121a and 121d are disposed at the head and tail of the second low-frequency column 120, respectively, so as to ensure better radiation performance of the first low-frequency column 120.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, when the first low-frequency column 110 has the first low-frequency radiating element 111a not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements 121a, 121b, 121c in the second low-frequency column 120, the second low-frequency column 120 has the second low-frequency radiating element 121c not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating elements 111a, 111b, 111c in the first low-frequency column 110, the first low-frequency radiating element 111a not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements 121a, 121b, 121c in the second low-frequency column 120 is located at the head of the column, and the second low-frequency radiating element 121c not adjacent to each of the first low-frequency radiating elements 111a, 111b, 111c in the first low-frequency column 110 is located at the tail of the second low-frequency column 120. That is, the first low-frequency column 110 and the second low-frequency column 120 have a separate first low-frequency radiating element 111a and a separate second low-frequency radiating element 121c, respectively. In this way, the symmetry of the first low-frequency column 110 and the second low-frequency column 120 is advantageously improved, so that the symmetry of the radiation patterns of the first low-frequency column 110 and the second low-frequency column 120 is improved, and the bandwidth convergence, the antenna gain, the front-to-back ratio and the axial cross polarization of the half-power beam width can all reach better levels. It is further preferred that there are only 1 first low frequency radiating element not adjacent to each second low frequency radiating element in the second low frequency column 120, and that there are only 1 second low frequency radiating element not adjacent to each first low frequency radiating element in the first low frequency column 110. Therefore, the convergence is improved, the coverage effect of the low-frequency narrow beam array is good, and the influence on radiation indexes such as low-frequency gain and the like caused by the fact that the number of the first low-frequency radiation units and the second low-frequency radiation units is too small is avoided.
In the following, a low-frequency narrow beam array having 4 groups of low-frequency radiating elements is taken as an example, and several preferred forms of the low-frequency narrow beam array are described as follows:
the first group array format is: referring to fig. 1, the first low frequency column 110 has 4 first low frequency radiating elements 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, the second low frequency column 120 has 3 second low frequency radiating elements 121a, 121b, 121c, the first low frequency radiating element 111b and the second low frequency radiating element 121a are two by two to form a group of low frequency radiating elements, the first low frequency radiating element 111b and the second low frequency radiating element 121a are connected by a power divider to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage, and similarly, the first low frequency radiating element 111c and the second low frequency radiating element 121b are two by two to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage, and the first low frequency radiating element 111d and the second low frequency radiating element 121c are two by two to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage; a single 1 first low frequency radiating element 111a acts as a set of low frequency radiating elements located at the head of the first low frequency column 110 forming a 65 deg. beam coverage.
The second array format is: referring to fig. 2, the first low frequency column 110 has 4 first low frequency radiating elements 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, the second low frequency column 120 has 2 second low frequency radiating elements 121a, 121b, and 2 second low frequency radiating elements 121a, 121b are located in the column of the second low frequency column 120, the second low frequency radiating elements 121a and the first low frequency radiating elements 111b are adjacent to each other in pairs and form a group of low frequency radiating elements, the second low frequency radiating elements 121a and the first low frequency radiating elements 111b are connected to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage through a power divider, and similarly, the second low frequency radiating elements 121b and the first low frequency radiating elements 111c are adjacent to each other in pairs and are connected to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage through a power divider; the individual first low frequency radiating elements 111a are located at the head of the first low frequency column 110 and the individual first low frequency radiating elements 111d are located at the tail of the first low frequency column 110, which each form a 65 ° beam coverage.
The third array format is: referring to fig. 3, the first low-frequency column 110 has 3 first low-frequency radiating elements 111a, 111b, 111c, and the second low-frequency column 120 has 4 second low-frequency radiating elements 121a, 121b, 121c, 121d, where the first low-frequency radiating element 111a is adjacent to the second low-frequency radiating element 121a in pairs and connected by a power divider to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage, the first low-frequency radiating element 111b is adjacent to the second low-frequency radiating element 121b in pairs and connected by a power divider to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage, and the first low-frequency radiating element 111c is adjacent to the second low-frequency radiating element 121c in pairs and connected by a power divider to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage; a separate 1 second low frequency radiating element 121d is located at the column tail of the second low frequency column 120, which forms a 65 deg. beam coverage.
The fourth array format is: referring to fig. 4, the second low frequency column 120 has 4 second low frequency radiating elements 121a, 121b, 121c, 121d, the first low frequency column 110 has 2 first low frequency radiating elements 111a, 111b, and 2 first low frequency radiating elements 111a, 111b are located in the column of the first low frequency column 110, the first low frequency radiating element 111a and the second low frequency radiating element 121b are adjacent to each other in pairs and are connected by a power divider to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage, and the second low frequency radiating element 111b and the second low frequency radiating element 121c are adjacent to each other in pairs and are connected by a power divider to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage; the individual second low frequency radiating elements 121a are located at the head of the second low frequency column 120 and the individual second low frequency radiating elements 121d are located at the tail of the second low frequency column 120, which each form a 65 ° beam coverage.
The fifth array format is: referring to fig. 5, the first low frequency column 110 has 3 first low frequency radiating elements 111a, 111b, 111c, the second low frequency column 120 has 3 second low frequency radiating elements 121a, 121b, 121c, the first low frequency radiating element 111b is adjacent to the second low frequency radiating element 121a in pairs and connected via a power divider to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage, and the second low frequency radiating element 111c is adjacent to the second low frequency radiating element 121b in pairs and connected via a power divider to form a 32 ° narrow beam coverage; the separate first low frequency radiating element 111a is located at the head of the first low frequency column 110 forming a 65 deg. beam coverage and the separate second low frequency radiating element 121c is located at the tail of the two low frequency columns 120 forming a 65 deg. beam coverage.
For the first array form shown in fig. 1 and the second array form shown in fig. 2, the reduction of the second low-frequency radiating units in the second low-frequency column 120 can greatly reduce the influence on the beam convergence and the electrical indexes such as gain, standing wave, isolation and the like of the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300, and is also beneficial to improving the indexes of gain, standing wave and isolation of the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200. For the third array form shown in fig. 3 and the fourth array form shown in fig. 4, the reduction of the first low-frequency radiating units in the first low-frequency column 110 can greatly reduce the influence on the beam convergence and the electrical indexes such as gain, standing wave and isolation of the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200, and is also beneficial to improving the indexes of gain, standing wave and isolation of the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300. With respect to the fifth array pattern shown in fig. 5, the influence on the beam convergence of the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200 and the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300 and the electrical indexes such as gain, standing wave and isolation can be greatly reduced, and the pattern of the low-frequency narrow beam array can be at a preferable level.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned first and last columns are merely relative concepts or references to normal use states of the product, and should not be construed as limiting.
It should be appreciated that in practical applications, the number of groups of low frequency radiating elements in the low frequency narrow beam array may be increased, i.e. the number of first low frequency radiating elements and/or second low frequency radiating elements, as desired, without limitation.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 5, the column pitch D1 of the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200 is 0.7 to 0.9λ1, the column pitch D2 of the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300 is 0.7 to 0.9λ2, and the column pitch D3 of the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.7 to 0.9λ3; the line spacing d1 between any two adjacent first high-frequency radiating elements 211 and any two adjacent second high-frequency radiating elements 221 in the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200 is 0.8-0.9λ1, the line spacing d2 between any two adjacent third high-frequency radiating elements 311 and any two adjacent fourth high-frequency radiating elements 321 in the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300 is 0.8-0.9λ2, and the line spacing d3 between any two adjacent first low-frequency radiating elements and any two adjacent second low-frequency radiating elements in the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ3; λ1 is the center frequency wavelength of the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200, λ2 is the center frequency wavelength of the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300, and λ3 is the center frequency wavelength of the low-frequency narrow beam array. By adopting the arrangement of the column spacing and the row spacing, the vertical plane side lobe level of the antenna can be effectively optimized, the isolation between arrays is optimized, the coupling between columns is reduced, the decoupling difficulty and cost are correspondingly reduced, the electrical performance and the working reliability of the antenna are better, and the miniaturization of the antenna is facilitated.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first low frequency radiating elements of the first low frequency column 110 are arranged at equal line intervals, the second low frequency radiating elements of the second low frequency column 120 are arranged at equal line intervals, the first high frequency radiating elements 211 of the first high frequency column 210 are arranged at equal line intervals, the second high frequency radiating elements 311 of the second high frequency column 310 are arranged at equal line intervals, the third high frequency radiating elements 221 of the third high frequency column 220 are arranged at equal line intervals, and the fourth high frequency radiating elements 321 of the fourth high frequency column 320 are arranged at equal line intervals, so that it is possible to further optimize the side lobe level.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 5, each of the first low-frequency radiating elements of the first low-frequency column 110 is coaxially nested with each of the first high-frequency radiating elements 211 of the first high-frequency column 210, and each of the second low-frequency radiating elements of the second low-frequency column 120 is coaxially nested with each of the third high-frequency radiating elements 311 of the third high-frequency column 310. Thus, the antenna can have more compact structural size, and is beneficial to miniaturization of the antenna.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 1 to 5, two adjacent first low frequency radiating elements and second low frequency radiating elements are arranged side by side. In this way, a larger lateral spacing between the two columns can be ensured to reduce the coupling between the two antenna arrays.
In some embodiments, each of the first low-frequency radiating elements in the first low-frequency column 110 and each of the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column 120 may also be disposed in a staggered manner (not shown). The staggered arrangement can well avoid the interference between orthographic projections of the low-frequency radiation unit and the high-frequency radiation unit on the antenna reflecting plate (not shown), is favorable for reducing the column spacing, further improves the symmetry of the left and right boundaries of the array, improves the symmetry of the radiation pattern, ensures that the wave width convergence of the half-power wave beam width is better, the wave width is narrowed, and the front-to-back ratio and the axial cross polarization can be obviously improved; the windward area can be reduced, the sky resources can be saved, and the miniaturized design of the antenna can be facilitated.
In practical application, the first low-frequency radiating elements and the second low-frequency radiating elements in the low-frequency narrow beam array can adopt radiating elements with the same structure so as to simplify installation. The first high-frequency radiating elements 211 and the third high-frequency radiating elements 221 in the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200 may also be radiating elements having the same structure to simplify the installation. Similarly, the second high-frequency radiating elements 311 and the fourth high-frequency radiating elements 321 in the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300 may also be radiating elements having the same structure, so as to simplify the installation.
In this embodiment, the operating frequency band of the first high-frequency narrow beam array 200 is 1710-2170 MHz, the operating frequency band of the second high-frequency narrow beam array 300 is 1710-2690 MHz, and the operating frequency band of the low-frequency narrow beam array is 820-960 MHz. Therefore, the method can be conveniently applied to frequency bands of 0.9GHz, 1.8GHz and 2.6GHz, and high-speed data communication of TD-LTE/TD-LTE-Advanced/5G systems and the like is realized.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-frequency narrow beam antenna comprising:
a first high-frequency column formed by the plurality of first high-frequency radiating elements along a first reference line, a second high-frequency column formed by the plurality of second high-frequency radiating elements along a second reference line, a third high-frequency column formed by the plurality of third high-frequency radiating elements along a third reference line, and a fourth high-frequency column formed by the plurality of fourth high-frequency radiating elements along a fourth reference line;
a first low frequency column formed by a plurality of first low frequency radiating elements along the first reference line and a second low frequency column formed by a plurality of second low frequency radiating elements along the third reference line;
the first reference line, the second reference line, the third reference line and the fourth reference line are sequentially arranged at intervals and are parallel to each other, the first high-frequency column and the second high-frequency column form a first high-frequency narrow beam array, the third high-frequency column and the fourth high-frequency column form a second high-frequency narrow beam array, and the first low-frequency column and the second low-frequency column form a low-frequency narrow beam array;
the low-frequency narrow beam array comprises a first low-frequency radiating element and a second low-frequency radiating element which are adjacent to each other in pairs, and the second low-frequency radiating element which is not adjacent to each first low-frequency radiating element, and/or the first low-frequency radiating element which is not adjacent to each second low-frequency radiating element;
when the first low-frequency columns have the first low-frequency radiating elements which are not adjacent to the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency columns, the first low-frequency radiating elements which are not adjacent to the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency columns are positioned at the head and/or tail of the first low-frequency columns;
the number of the first low-frequency radiating elements which are not adjacent to each of the second low-frequency radiating elements in the second low-frequency column is less than or equal to 2.
2. The multiple frequency narrow beam antenna of claim 1, wherein when the second low frequency column has the second low frequency radiating elements that are not adjacent to each of the first low frequency radiating elements in the first low frequency column, the second low frequency radiating elements that are not adjacent to each of the first low frequency radiating elements in the first low frequency column are located at a column head and/or a column tail of the second low frequency column.
3. The multiple frequency narrow beam antenna of claim 2, wherein the number of said second low frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of said first low frequency radiating elements in said first low frequency column is +.2.
4. The multiple frequency narrow beam antenna of claim 1, wherein when the first low frequency column has the first low frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the second low frequency radiating elements in the second low frequency column and the second low frequency column has the second low frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the first low frequency radiating elements in the first low frequency column, the first low frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the second low frequency radiating elements in the second low frequency column are located at a column head and the second low frequency radiating elements not adjacent to each of the first low frequency radiating elements in the first low frequency column are located at a column tail of the second low frequency column.
5. The multiple frequency narrow beam antenna of claim 4, wherein there are only 1 of said first low frequency radiating elements that are not adjacent to each of said second low frequency radiating elements in said second low frequency column, and there are also only 1 of said second low frequency radiating elements that are not adjacent to each of said first low frequency radiating elements in said first low frequency column.
6. The multi-frequency narrow beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein a column pitch D1 of the first high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.7 to 0.9λ1, a column pitch D2 of the second high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.7 to 0.9λ2, and a column pitch D3 of the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.7 to 0.9λ3;
the line spacing d1 between any two adjacent first high-frequency radiating elements and any two adjacent second high-frequency radiating elements in the first high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ1, the line spacing d2 between any two adjacent third high-frequency radiating elements and any two adjacent fourth high-frequency radiating elements in the second high-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ2, and the line spacing d3 between any two adjacent first low-frequency radiating elements and any two adjacent second low-frequency radiating elements in the low-frequency narrow beam array is 0.8-0.9λ3;
λ1, λ2 and λ3 are the center frequency wavelengths of the first high-frequency narrow beam array, the second high-frequency narrow beam array and the low-frequency narrow beam array, respectively.
7. The multiple frequency narrow beam antenna of claim 1, wherein each of said first low frequency radiating elements of said first low frequency column is coaxially nested with each of said first high frequency radiating elements of said first high frequency column, and each of said second low frequency radiating elements of said second low frequency column is coaxially nested with each of said third high frequency radiating elements of said third high frequency column.
8. The multiple frequency narrow beam antenna of claim 1, wherein the first low frequency radiating elements and the second low frequency radiating elements are disposed side by side in two adjacent pairs, or wherein each of the first low frequency radiating elements in the first low frequency column and each of the second low frequency radiating elements in the second low frequency column are disposed in a staggered manner.
9. The multiple frequency narrow beam antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first high frequency narrow beam array has an operating frequency range of 1710 to 2170MHz, the second high frequency narrow beam array has an operating frequency range of 1710 to 2690MHz, and the low frequency narrow beam array has an operating frequency range of 820 to 960MHz.
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| CN201910591918.0A CN110265795B (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-07-02 | Multi-frequency narrow beam antenna |
| PCT/CN2019/115390 WO2021000476A1 (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2019-11-04 | Multi-frequency narrow beam antenna |
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| CN110265795B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2024-02-27 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Multi-frequency narrow beam antenna |
| CN110829003B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2024-08-30 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | Narrow-section multisystem array antenna |
| CN113540822B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2022-11-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna array and base station |
| CN111613903B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-24 | 江苏泰科微通讯科技有限公司 | Three-low four-high multiport base station antenna |
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| CN109301459A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-01 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Multi-frequency array antenna |
| CN109560391A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Mimo antenna array and its antenna-reflected plate |
| CN109755759A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-05-14 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | A kind of multifrequency narrow beam antenna array and antenna |
| CN210984971U (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2020-07-10 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna |
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| US8497814B2 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2013-07-30 | Fractus, S.A. | Slim triple band antenna array for cellular base stations |
| IN2014DN06478A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2015-06-12 | Comba Telecom System China Ltd | |
| CN107516769A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2017-12-26 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Antenna with Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern |
| CN110265795B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2024-02-27 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Multi-frequency narrow beam antenna |
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| CN109301459A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-01 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Multi-frequency array antenna |
| CN109560391A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Mimo antenna array and its antenna-reflected plate |
| CN109755759A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-05-14 | 武汉虹信通信技术有限责任公司 | A kind of multifrequency narrow beam antenna array and antenna |
| CN210984971U (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2020-07-10 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Multi-frequency narrow-beam antenna |
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