CN110261136A - Electronic racing car dynamical system test and match test platform - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a testing and matching test bench related to the power system of an electric racing car. By applying a certain load to the dynamometer, the driving resistance encountered by the vehicle when driving on different roads is simulated. When the magnetic powder brake is energized, it is formed by itself The magnetic powder chain is used to apply different and continuously changing torques to the motor shaft, simulating the load of the vehicle during actual driving and playing a braking effect; the upper computer controls the motor controller, and supplies electric energy to the motor according to the control instructions, constantly changing The output speed and torque of the motor simulate the electric racing car running on various road conditions. The test bench is versatile and can meet different types of motors. When the parameters of the racing car are changed, the vehicle quality, center of mass height, wheel radius, wheelbase, wheelbase, windward area and other parameters can be changed through the host computer. The output control motor, magnetic particle dynamometer, etc. The machine part is changed accordingly, so that the test bench has versatility.

Description

Electric racing car power system test and matching test bench

technical field

The invention relates to a testing and matching test bench for the power system of an electric racing car, in particular to a testing bench capable of testing motor efficiency and motor control strategy, simulating the road surface of an electric Baja racing off-road track, and performing power performance and cruising range.

Background technique

The design and development of an electric Baja racing car requires a lot of preliminary work, and the core part of an electric Baja racing car is its motor, so choosing the right motor is very important. The driving conditions of the electric Baja racing car are very complicated. The track has more than a dozen road conditions such as single hump, shell crater, mud pit, tire array, stone road, etc. The length of a single lap of the track reaches 3.5km. Obviously, offline simulation has its limitations under such complex driving conditions. Using a real vehicle for testing requires a lot of workload and low efficiency, so it is not suitable to directly use a real vehicle for testing.

The bench test of the motor can be used for research on the matching scheme of the electric vehicle power system, the control strategy of the motor, the reliability of the power system, etc., and is an important preliminary work for the design and development of vehicles.

However, the commonly used test equipment for electric racing cars cannot be easily applied to electric Baja racing cars. Therefore, how to carry out targeted testing and modulation of electric Baja racing cars still needs follow-up work.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric racing car power system test and matching test bench, which can realize the performance test of the electric Baja racing car motor, and conduct the test of the power endurance of the electric Baja racing car.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme for solving the problems of the technologies described above:

An electric racing car power system test and matching test bench is characterized in that it includes at least two parts:

The power battery pack, motor, motor controller, Coulomb sensor, torque speed sensor, and magnetic powder brake set on the test bench;

and a control cabinet, in which a data acquisition card and a host computer are integrated, and the host computer is connected to the data acquisition card;

The motor and the magnetic powder brake are arranged on the test bench in a straight line and coaxially connected sequentially, and the torque speed sensor is connected to the mechanical transmission device in the middle. The power battery pack, motor controller and power battery pack that supply power to the motor are also set inside the test bench. A Coulomb sensor is set between them to collect electrical signals when the motor is running;

The control cabinet is placed on one side of the test bench, and is connected to each sensor and motor controller on the test bench through a data acquisition card;

When the magnetic powder brake is energized, the magnetic powder chain formed by itself applies different and continuously changing torques to the motor shaft, simulating the load of the vehicle during actual driving and playing a braking effect; the upper computer is controlled by the motor controller, according to the control command, supply electric energy to the motor, constantly change the output speed and torque of the motor, and simulate the driving of the electric racing car on various road conditions.

Further, the output end of the motor is connected to the torque and rotational speed sensor through a coupling, and the output end of the torque rotational speed sensor is connected to the magnetic powder brake through a coupling.

Further, the connecting part between the torque speed sensor and the magnetic powder brake is reinforced by an intermediate support.

Further, the torque speed sensor collects the torque signal and the speed signal of the output shaft of the motor, and provides them to the data acquisition card for obtaining the output torque and speed of the motor.

Furthermore, the Coulomb sensor is installed between the power battery pack and the motor controller to simultaneously measure the voltage and current signals, and calculate the power consumption required by the motor under the set cruising range, which provides an important reference for the reasonable selection of power batteries.

Furthermore, the control cabinet is also equipped with a display, a signal conditioning device, a control switch, and an indicator light, and monitors the collected signals in real time, controls the communication between each sensor and the motor controller, continuously collects and processes the real-time data, and finally uses the The upper computer analyzes the data, calculates the performance data of the motor, and uses the calculated performance data of the motor to adjust the performance of the motor.

Further, the data acquisition card is used to collect the signals collected by the motor controller and the sensor, and input the data to the upper computer to analyze whether the torque and speed output by the motor can meet the power requirements of the electric racing car, And according to the input current and voltage of the motor, the specifications of the power battery required by the electric racing car are calculated; at the same time, the simulated output of the load and throttle control signals can be issued according to the user's needs to control the operation of the test bench.

The working principle of the electric racing car power system test and matching test bench of the present invention is as follows;

The upper computer can issue instructions to output control signals to the motor controller through the analog output port of the acquisition board to directly control the operation of the motor, and can also output signals to the magnetic powder brake to load the simulated road load. At the same time, it can also detect real-time control of the entire system and display the test results. . The acquisition board can collect the speed signal of the sensor and input it to the vehicle model in the host computer to calculate the vehicle speed, and make a difference with the reference vehicle speed and the measured vehicle speed as the input of PI, thereby calculating the throttle amount that needs to be changed to realize the vehicle speed following control. At the same time, the load input of the magnetic powder brake is adjusted in real time, and a road simulation system is established.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that: the electric Baja racing motor test bench can not only realize the test functions such as motor efficiency and motor control strategy, but also can simulate the road surface of the electric Baja racing off-road track, and through the dynamometer Apply a certain load to simulate the driving resistance of the vehicle when driving on different roads, test the power and economy of the electric Baja racing motor, and test the power and cruising range, which can better simulate the real-time working conditions of the vehicle , the test accuracy is high, which provides a reference for the subsequent vehicle design. At the same time, the test bench is versatile and can meet different types of motors. When the parameters of the racing car are changed, the vehicle quality, center of mass, wheel radius, wheelbase, wheelbase, windward area and other parameters can be changed through the host computer, and the output control motor, magnetic powder, etc. The dynamometer section was changed accordingly, making the test bench universal.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the general layout of the electric racing car power system test and matching test bench of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a testing and matching test bench for an electric racing car power system according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Motor controller, 2. Motor, 3. Coupling, 4. Torque speed sensor, 5. Intermediate support, 6. Magnetic powder brake, 7. Control cabinet, 8. Power battery pack, 9. Coulomb sensor.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1-2, the electric racing car power system test and matching test bench implemented according to the present invention mainly includes: a motor controller 1 for an electric Baja racing car, a motor 2, a power battery pack 8, and a torque speed sensor 4 , Coulomb sensor 9, magnetic powder brake 6, coupling 3, control cabinet 7.

The electric Baja racing motor 2 and the motor controller 1 are installed at one end of the test bench, and the magnetic powder brake 6 is installed at the other end of the test bench, and the middle is connected by a mechanical transmission device. The control cabinet 7 is placed on one side of the test bench, and the data acquisition card inside it is connected with each sensor and motor controller 1 on the test bench through signal lines.

Specifically, the motor controller 1 is fixed on one side of the test bench through fasteners, powered by a power battery pack 8 , and the output end of the motor controller is connected to the motor 2 . The motor 2 is installed on the surface of the test bench through a motor support frame, and the output shaft of the motor is connected with the input shaft of the torque speed sensor 4 through a coupling 3 . Motor controller 1 supplies power to motor 2 according to commands such as gear position, accelerator, brake, etc., thereby changing the torque and speed output by the motor, controlling the starting operation, forward and backward speed, climbing force and other driving states of the electric vehicle, and simulating the driving of a real vehicle Scenes.

The power battery pack 8 is a 63v lithium battery pack composed of 3.6V, 5Ah ternary lithium battery cells, and is located in the space under the test bench.

The Coulomb sensor 9 is installed between the power battery pack 8 and the motor controller 1, and is used to collect voltage and current signals of the motor 2 during operation, and has its own chip and liquid crystal display, which can display voltage, current, power, power consumption, The information such as the remaining battery power can be used to calculate the power consumption of the electric Baja racing car under the specified cruising range, and provide a reference for the selection of the power battery pack.

The input shaft of the torque speed sensor 4 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 2 through a coupling 3, and the output end of the torque speed sensor 4 is connected to the magnetic powder brake 6 through a coupling 3. Since the output end is too long, an intermediate support 5 is used to strengthen the . The torque and speed sensor 4 collects the torque and speed signals at the output end of the motor 2 in real time, and provides the data to the data acquisition card in the control cabinet for analyzing the power performance and speed performance of the motor.

The magnetic powder brake 6 is placed on the other end of the test bench relative to the motor controller 1, and the magnetic powder brake controller inside it is connected with the adjustment knob on the control cabinet 7, so that the magnetic powder brake system can be directly adjusted through the adjustment knob on the control cabinet 7. The load moment can quickly simulate the actual working conditions of the vehicle. At the same time, the magnetic powder brake 6 can also be controlled by sending a control signal from the host computer. The inside of the magnetic powder brake 6 is provided with a water cooling device.

The motor controller 1, the coulomb sensor 9, and the torque speed sensor 4 are respectively connected to the data acquisition card in the control cabinet 7 through communication lines.

The control cabinet 7 mainly includes a signal conditioning device, a data acquisition card, a computer, a display, and several switches and indicator lights. Among them, the signal conditioning device, data acquisition card, and various sensors and motor controllers communicate with each other to continuously collect and process the real-time data of the electric Baja racing motor, and finally use the computer to analyze the data and calculate a series of motor parameters. Performance data, so that the performance of the motor can be tuned. Among them, the display, control switch and indicator light are installed on the control panel of the control cabinet, and the data acquisition card, computer, signal line and power line are all placed inside the control cabinet.

The data acquisition card adopts USB data transmission, 12-bit data acquisition resolution, sampling rate of 250KS/s, 8-way analog voltage input, 2-way analog voltage output, 12-way digital I/O, and a 32-bit counter. The channels of the data acquisition card used are: AI0-analog input-collecting torque signal; AI1-analog input-collecting speed signal; AI2-analog input-collecting voltage signal; AI3-analog input-collecting current signal; AO0 - Analog output - send load signal; AO1 - analog output - collect throttle signal.

The motor of the Baja racing car is controlled by the motor controller 1. According to the control command, it supplies electric energy to the motor 2, continuously changes the output speed and torque of the motor 2, and simulates the driving of the electric Baja racing car on various road conditions.

The torque and speed sensor 4 collects the torque speed signal of the output shaft of the motor 2, and provides it to the data acquisition card for obtaining the torque speed signal of the motor, which is used to analyze the power performance and performance of the electric Baja racing motor under different load conditions. speed performance.

The magnetic powder brake 6 exerts different and continuously changing torques on the transmission shaft on the test bench through the magnetic powder chain formed by itself when energized, simulating the load of the vehicle during actual driving and exerting a braking effect.

The power battery pack 8 of the test bench is composed of lithium-ion battery cells connected in series and parallel to provide power for the test bench.

This test bench can realize the test of motor efficiency and motor control strategy. At the same time, it can be used for the road condition simulation test of the electric Baja racing car. By applying a certain load to the dynamometer, the vehicle is simulated when driving on different roads. Driving resistance, test the power and economy of the electric Baja racing motor, and provide reference for future vehicle design. The host computer can issue commands to output control signals to the motor controller through the analog output port of the acquisition board to directly control the operation of the motor, and can also output signals to the magnetic powder tension controller to load the simulated road load. At the same time, it can also detect real-time control of the entire system, display Test Results. The acquisition board can collect the speed torque signal of the sensor and input it to the vehicle model in the upper computer to calculate the vehicle speed, and make a difference with the reference vehicle speed and the measured vehicle speed as the input of PI, thereby calculating the throttle amount that needs to be changed, and realizing the vehicle speed following control. At the same time, adjust and adjust the load input in real time to establish a road simulation system. At the same time, the test bench is versatile and can meet different types of motors. When the parameters of the racing car are changed, the vehicle quality, center of mass, wheel radius, wheelbase, wheelbase, windward area and other parameters can be changed through the host computer, and the output control motor, magnetic powder, etc. The dynamometer section was changed accordingly, making the test bench universal.

The present invention can also have other implementation modes, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An electric racing car power system test and matching test bench is characterized in that it comprises at least two parts: The power battery pack, motor, motor controller, Coulomb sensor, torque speed sensor, and magnetic powder brake set on the test bench; and a control cabinet, in which a data acquisition card and a host computer are integrated, and the host computer is connected to the data acquisition card; The motor and the magnetic powder brake are arranged on the test bench in a straight line and coaxially connected sequentially, and the torque speed sensor is connected to the mechanical transmission device in the middle. The power battery pack, motor controller and power battery pack that supply power to the motor are also set inside the test bench. A Coulomb sensor is set between them to collect electrical signals when the motor is running; The control cabinet is placed on one side of the test bench, and is connected to each sensor and motor controller on the test bench through a data acquisition card; When the magnetic powder brake is energized, the magnetic powder chain formed by itself applies different and continuously changing torques to the motor shaft, simulating the load of the vehicle during actual driving and playing a braking effect; the upper computer is controlled by the motor controller, according to the control command, supply electric energy to the motor, constantly change the output speed and torque of the motor, and simulate the driving of the electric racing car on various road conditions. 2. The electric racing car power system test and matching test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that the output end of the motor is connected with the torque and speed sensor through a coupling, and the output end of the torque speed sensor is connected with a magnetic powder brake through a coupling connected. 3. The electric racing car power system test and matching test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting part between the torque speed sensor and the magnetic powder brake is reinforced by an intermediate support. 4. The electric racing car power system test and matching test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that the torque signal and the speed signal of the output shaft of the motor are collected by the torque speed sensor, and provided to the data acquisition card for obtaining the output speed of the motor. torque and speed. 5. The electric racing car power system test and matching test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that the Coulomb sensor is installed between the power battery pack and the motor controller, and is used to simultaneously measure voltage and current signals to calculate the set battery life The power consumption required by the motor under the mileage provides an important reference for the reasonable selection of power batteries. 6. The electric racing car power system test and matching test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that the control cabinet is also provided with a display, a signal conditioning device, a control switch, an indicator light, and monitors the collected signals in real time to control each sensor Communicate with the motor controller, continuously collect and process real-time data, and finally use the upper computer to analyze the data, calculate the performance data of the motor, and use the calculated performance data of the motor to tune the performance of the motor. 7. The electric racing car power system test and matching test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition card is used to collect the signals collected by the motor controller and the sensor, and input the data to the host computer for use To analyze whether the torque and speed output by the motor can meet the power requirements of the electric racing car, and calculate the specifications of the power battery required by the electric racing car according to the input current and voltage of the motor; The analog output of the control signal controls the operation of the test bench.