CN110258437A - The construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat - Google Patents
The construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat Download PDFInfo
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- CN110258437A CN110258437A CN201910445761.0A CN201910445761A CN110258437A CN 110258437 A CN110258437 A CN 110258437A CN 201910445761 A CN201910445761 A CN 201910445761A CN 110258437 A CN110258437 A CN 110258437A
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- habitat
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat, the habitat space of the secondary channel gutter or river bend backwater zone that are connected to main boat slot to build suitable fish habitat, lay eggs and look for food is used on river point bar；Habitat space of the regulation dam body pattern to build suitable fish habitat, lay eggs and look for food is used within the scope of main boat slot regulation line.The present invention is laid out and renovates dam structure by training works and improves, and the different zones in river point bar and main boat slot construct the diversity habitat of suitable fish habitat respectively.1. spatially, the present invention can be suitable for the different zones such as river point bar and main boat slot, meet the requirement of different fluvial morphology Habitat for Fish buildings；2. functionally, meeting the function of river ecological protection；3. improving main boat trough inner water dynamic structure condition in ecology, fluidised form, landform diversity abundant is built and have inhabited habitat.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cruiseway technical fields, are related to a kind of building side of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat
Method.
Background technique
The important channel utilized as river waterr resources is developed in inland water transport, meets safety of ship, efficiently navigation with construction
Dimensions of the channel be target, the wide shallow staggered natural form of natural river certainly will be arranged by shore protection, the engineerings such as build a dam, dredge
It applies and is transformed into one narrow deep homogenization, convenient and fast water transport channel, inhabit space naturally to destroy or tie up fish, reduce
The Morphological Diversity of natural river leads to the forfeiture of biological habitat, and species quantity is reduced therewith, and even certain species go out
Absolutely.Accelerate conservation culture system reform in currently country, construction is beautiful Chinese, under the background for pushing water transport Green Development, tradition
Cruiseway engineering is faced with unsustainable Predicament of Development.For this purpose, cruiseway construction field just sets about carrying out ecological boat
Road construction, to relieve influence or stress of the waterway engineering construction to river ecosystem.
Currently, the works such as similar fish nest shore protection, artificial fish nest provide the habitat of masking for fish, but fish live
What history each stage was relied on inhabit habitat (spawning ground, feeding ground, wintering ground and migration channel) is not quite similar again, and man-made structures are simultaneously
The habitats spaces such as the fish suitable depth of water, flow velocity, substrate, water temperature can not be constructed, and may not necessarily also generate good fish
Class compacting effect.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of effective Habitat for Fish construction method, it can be provided for fish and suitable inhabit sky naturally
Between, and it is able to achieve the normal performance of river navigation function, while guaranteeing the water communication of dry season main boat slot and point bar, improve master
Boat trough inner water dynamic structure condition builds diversity and inhabites habitat, lay the foundation for the raising of river population diversity, realizes river
It flows navigation function development and utilization and repairs double goal with ecological protection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve technical problem present in well-known technique and provide a kind of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes and inhabit
The construction method on ground maintains navigable river fish to coordinate the contradiction between cruiseway engineering construction and Habitat for Fish protection
Population diversity is horizontal, realizes the sustainable development of cruiseway construction.
The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems existing in the known art is that a kind of cruiseway work
The construction method of journey Mesichthyes habitat, used on river point bar with the main secondary channel gutter that is connected to of boat slot or river bend backwater zone with
Build the habitat space for being suitable for fish habitat, laying eggs and looking for food；Used within the scope of main boat slot regulation line regulation dam body pattern with
Build the habitat space for being suitable for fish habitat, laying eggs and looking for food.
The secondary channel gutter is to leave string ditch using beach face on river point bar, by made of hand excavation or dredging,
The entrance of the secondary channel gutter is connected to the main boat slot with outlet.
The river bend backwater zone is on river point bar using low-lying beach face, by made of hand excavation or dredging, institute
Stating river bend backwater zone, only entrance is connected to main boat slot.
The regulation dam body pattern includes blunt nosed V-shaped dam, and the blunt nosed V-shaped dam is built in main boat slot or channel bar head
Portion.
The regulation dam body pattern includes fluting groynes, and the fluting groynes is built in the main boat slot regulation line range
It is interior, inverted trapezoidal section flow-conveying groove is excavated on the dam body of the fluting groynes.
The regulation dam body pattern includes submerged dike, and the submerged dike is built within the scope of the main boat slot regulation line.
The fourth longitudinal dike I arranged along main flow direction is set in the entry position of the secondary channel gutter, and the fourth longitudinal dike I is arranged in
The inlet upstream of the secondary channel gutter.
In the entry position of the river bend backwater zone, the fourth longitudinal dike II arranged along main flow direction, II cloth of fourth longitudinal dike are set
Set the inlet upstream in the river bend backwater zone.
The flow-conveying groove at 1/3 to 1/2 dam length of dam root away from excavating, and excavation width is not more than the 1/3 of dam length, and depth is greater than
1/2 height of dam cuts completely through dam body.
It is improved the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: dam structure is laid out and renovated by training works, in river
Different zones in point bar and main boat slot are flowed, construct the diversity habitat of suitable fish habitat respectively.1. spatially, institute of the present invention
The construction method of proposition can be suitable for the different zones such as river point bar and main boat slot, meet different fluvial morphology Habitat for Fish
The requirement of building；2. total by engineering functionally, while exploitation river navigation function ties up fish and inhabites space naturally
Body layout designs and structure are improved, and that newly opens up or build suitable Fish Survival inhabites space, meet river ecological protection
Function；3. in ecology, the water communication of enhancing dry season main boat slot and point bar artificially hews out the water of suitable fish habitat
The spaces such as depth, flow velocity, substrate improve main boat trough inner water dynamic structure condition, build fluidised form, landform diversity abundant inhabites life
Border.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is using plan view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the blunt nosed V-shaped dam plan view in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of the fluting groynes in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, the following examples are hereby given, and cooperate attached drawing
Detailed description are as follows:
In order to realize that double goal is repaired in the development and utilization of river navigation function and ecological protection, idea of the invention is that providing
A kind of construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat, using the secondary channel gutter being connected to main boat slot on river point bar
Or habitat space of the river bend backwater zone to build suitable fish habitat, lay eggs and look for food；It is used within the scope of main boat slot regulation line
Improve habitat space of the regulation dam body pattern to build suitable fish habitat, lay eggs and look for food.
This method includes the training works layout and regulation dam structure suitable for river point bar and main boat slot different zones
Improvement project and related measure, this method can also build suitable fish habitat while realizing the exploitation of river navigation function
Diversified habitat space, facilitate the development of the protection work of river ecological in cruiseway engineering.
It based on cruiseway engineering is interfered river natural process and to the understanding that river place ties up,
The emphasis for carrying out the protection of cruiseway engineering ecology is: occupy fish as few as possible inhabites space, builds as much as possible
The new reconstruct for inhabiting space namely fish habitat space.
Secondary channel gutter and river bend backwater zone in referring to Figure 1, above-mentioned secondary channel gutter and river bend backwater zone are suitable for river
The building of point bar position Habitat for Fish, the secondary channel gutter is to leave string ditch using beach face on river point bar, by artificial
Made of excavating or dredging, the entrance of the secondary channel gutter is connected to the main boat slot with outlet.The river bend backwater zone is
Low-lying beach face is utilized on river point bar, by made of hand excavation or dredging, the river bend backwater zone only entrance and main boat
Slot connection.
In river point bar region, using left over by history string ditch or lowered zones, the secondary channel interconnected with main boat slot is opened up
Gutter and river bend backwater zone, building is suitable for fish habitat, the space or hydrostatic space that artificial disturbance is relatively fewer, flow velocity is more slow.
Wherein, secondary channel gutter can shunt main boat slot part water, and its entrance keeps being connected to main boat slot with outlet；And river bend is returned
Only its entrance one end is connected to main boat slot in pool.
The key for opening up secondary channel gutter is the split ratio of gutter to be controlled, and shunting is avoided excessively to cause " main secondary channel transposition " etc.
River regime changes, and then influences navigation.The fourth longitudinal dike I arranged along main flow direction, institute are set in the entry position of the secondary channel gutter
The inlet upstream that fourth longitudinal dike I is arranged in the secondary channel gutter is stated, can avoid direct impact of the water flow to secondary channel gutter entrance.It is propping up
Jackstone or gabion shore protection should be used on the bank slope of branch of a river gutter entrance, it is protected.It is suitable for life to fish referring to pertinent literature
The value range of the border depth of water and flow velocity, the depth of water of secondary channel gutter are generally no greater than 1.5m, and flow velocity is not more than 0.6m/s, can locally open
The dell for digging depth 2.0m or more can be arranged latent as fish overwinter field for the depth of water and flow velocity in control secondary channel gutter in ditch
Dam is arranged wood or bank slope grass planting as fish and provides shed space.
Similarly, opening up river bend backwater zone equally need to arrange regulation dam body in entry position, and protect entrance bank slope,
Method is with secondary channel gutter, in particular, the fourth longitudinal dike II arranged along main flow direction is set in river bend backwater zone entry position,
The fourth longitudinal dike II is arranged in the inlet upstream of the river bend backwater zone, and shore protection is arranged in the inlet of the river bend backwater zone
Structure.The key for opening up river bend backwater zone is barrier of the diversion gate siltation to be prevented to its connectivity, is needed irregularly to river bend
Part is manually dredged, and flood period beach face overcurrent is avoided to cause river bend backwater silting.In river bend can cutting depth 2.0m with
On dell as fish overwinter field, setting falls wood or bank slope grass planting and for fish provides shed space.
Blunt nosed V-shaped dam and Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 in referring to Figure 1, in main boat slot or channel bar head is built to have and be led
Stream shunts, masking, the blunt nosed V-shaped dam body for forming area of slack water behind dam.The regulation dam body pattern can be by adjusting the angle of both wings
Size completes water flow conduct, and control left and right shunts.Because dam body is located in main boat slot or channel bar head, height of dam need to usually be higher than normal open
Navigate water level 30-50cm, to avoid ship collision, ensures navigation safety.Flood period dam crest overcurrent, dam facing drop form punching behind dam
Hole will then cheat interior Sand transport to downstream, and habitat is inhabited by arranging that blunt nosed V-shaped dam building is enriched in formation siltation shoal,
With diversified fluidised form and diversified landform.The ecological dam material such as jackstone or alloy gabion net cage can be used in dam material.
Fluting groynes and Fig. 4 in referring to Figure 1 build fluting groynes within the scope of the main boat slot regulation line,
Inverted trapezoidal section flow-conveying groove is excavated on the dam body of fluting groynes, shunts main boat groove portion shunt volume, it can the water flow in dry season
Pass through flow-conveying groove.For the flow-conveying groove usually away from excavating at 1/3 to 1/2 dam length of dam root, excavation width is not more than the 1/3 of dam length, deep
Degree is preferably greater than 1/2 height of dam or cuts completely through dam body, and inverted trapezoidal flow section side slope less than 1:2 to be advisable.Pass through flow-conveying groove
Water flow can enhance offshore water flow activity, enrich the area Ba Tian flow-shape, improve Ba Tianqu reflux siltation, form Diversity of Fish
Inhabit habitat.The flow-conveying groove continuously excavated on a plurality of groynes of groynes group, moreover it is possible to which the migration channel for forming juvenile fish hinders groynes group
It is mutually linked every the broken offshore habitat of formation, builds the complete fish habitat habitat space relatively Ba Tianqu.
Submerged dike in referring to Figure 1 is built within the scope of the main boat slot regulation line, and groynes height of dam is cut down, to reduce
The cost of hammed water height exchanges regulation groynes dam facing overcurrent in main boat slot, forms submerged groynes, makes it also can shape in dry season
At overcurrent.The crest elevation of submerged dike is designed as lower than design water level 30cm or so, the hammed water depth of water lost can take master
The mode dredged in boat slot is compensated.Crest elevation is reduced, forms overcurrent on dam body, avoidable dam body chooses support water flow to upper
The barrier of downstream habitat of fish.
The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems existing in the known art is that using river point bar and
Main boat slot different zones construct the habitat for being suitable for fish habitat, laying eggs and looking for food by dredging, jackstone, the engineering measures such as build a dam
Space.
In conclusion taking dredging present invention encompasses the different zones of river point bar and main boat slot, jackstone, building a dam
Engineering measure improves water communication, and the place of suitable Fish Survival is opened up outside main boat slot, is reconstructed in main boat slot suitable
The place of suitable Fish Survival.The water communication of dry season main boat slot and point bar can be enhanced in the present invention, expands fish habitat
Space improves main boat trough inner water dynamic structure condition, builds diversity and inhabites habitat, be conducive to river fishes population quantity with it is more
The raising of sample can be used for the protection of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes Migration and repair.
Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described above in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention is not limited to upper
The specific embodiment stated, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, be not it is restrictive, this field it is common
Technical staff under the inspiration of the present invention, in the case where not departing from present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection, goes back
Many forms can be made, within these are all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat, which is characterized in that building and master on river point bar
Habitat space of the secondary channel gutter or river bend backwater zone of boat slot connection to build suitable fish habitat, lay eggs and look for food；In main boat
Habitat space of the regulation dam body pattern to build suitable fish habitat, lay eggs and look for food is used within the scope of slot regulation line.
2. the construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the branch
Branch of a river gutter is to leave string ditch using beach face on river point bar, by made of hand excavation or dredging, the secondary channel gutter
Entrance is connected to the main boat slot with outlet.
3. the construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the river
Gulf backwater zone is using low-lying beach face on river point bar, by the way that made of hand excavation or dredging, the river bend backwater zone is only
Entrance is connected to main boat slot.
4. the construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described whole
Controlling dam body pattern includes blunt nosed V-shaped dam, and the blunt nosed V-shaped dam is built in main boat slot or channel bar head.
5. the construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described whole
Controlling dam body pattern includes fluting groynes, and the fluting groynes is built within the scope of the main boat slot regulation line, in the fluting fourth
Inverted trapezoidal section flow-conveying groove is excavated on the dam body on dam.
6. the construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described whole
Controlling dam body pattern includes submerged dike, and the submerged dike is built within the scope of the main boat slot regulation line.
7. the construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
The fourth longitudinal dike I arranged along main flow direction is arranged in the entry position of secondary channel gutter, and the fourth longitudinal dike I is arranged in the secondary channel gutter
Inlet upstream.
8. the construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described
The fourth longitudinal dike II arranged along main flow direction is arranged in the entry position of river bend backwater zone, and the fourth longitudinal dike II is arranged in the river bend and returns
The inlet upstream in pool.
9. the construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the mistake
Chute at 1/3 to 1/2 dam length of dam root away from excavating, and excavation width is not more than the 1/3 of dam length, and depth is greater than 1/2 height of dam or by dam
Body is cut completely through.
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| CN201910445761.0A CN110258437A (en) | 2019-05-27 | 2019-05-27 | The construction method of cruiseway engineering Mesichthyes habitat |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112154945A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Construction method suitable for spawning ground of muco-sinker oviparous fishes in acute abortion |
| CN112913729A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Method for determining fish habitat type proportion in inland waterway wetland construction |
| CN113598099A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-05 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Design method of artificial fish spawning site with water depth-flow velocity coupling |
| CN113981883A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-01-28 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Ecological fish passing facility for river old sidewalk and wetland system |
| CN116762734A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-19 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Multi-habitat fish artificial spawning ground suitable for large water level fluctuation and construction method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112154945A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Construction method suitable for spawning ground of muco-sinker oviparous fishes in acute abortion |
| CN112913729A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Method for determining fish habitat type proportion in inland waterway wetland construction |
| CN113598099A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-05 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Design method of artificial fish spawning site with water depth-flow velocity coupling |
| CN113981883A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-01-28 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Ecological fish passing facility for river old sidewalk and wetland system |
| CN116762734A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-19 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Multi-habitat fish artificial spawning ground suitable for large water level fluctuation and construction method |
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Application publication date: 20190920 |