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CN110257717A - A kind of machine bearing lasso high-end bearing steel material and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

A kind of machine bearing lasso high-end bearing steel material and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110257717A
CN110257717A CN201910676601.7A CN201910676601A CN110257717A CN 110257717 A CN110257717 A CN 110257717A CN 201910676601 A CN201910676601 A CN 201910676601A CN 110257717 A CN110257717 A CN 110257717A
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steel
steel material
refining
slag
manufacturing
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CN110257717B (en
Inventor
熊洪进
陈列
董贵文
李彬
王强
马忠存
陈迦杉
杨平
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Jianlong Beiman Special Steel Co Ltd
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Jianlong Beiman Special Steel Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/009—Pearlite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of machine bearing lasso high-end bearing steel material and its manufacturing methods, belong to special steel smelting technical field of forging.It is required to solve the problems, such as that bearing ring is segregated with Steel material internal carbides and causes Steel material performance to be unable to satisfy high-end numerical control machine in net distribution, the present invention provides a kind of machine bearing lasso high-end bearing steel material and its manufacturing method, including electric furnace → LF refining and VD technique → molding → hot sending/cover it is cold → heating rolling → slow cooling → spheroidizing.The present invention is added to Ni, Mo and rare earth element on the basis of existing bearing steel, and strict control Al, Cu content provides good mechanical performance index for Steel material；Carbide is effectively spread in manufacturing process, and the carbide for improving Steel material is horizontal, and machine bearing lasso Steel material is made to have high elastic limit, tensile strength, contact fatigue strength and wearability, can effectively reduce phenomena such as fatigue of materials peels off, is stuck.

Description

A kind of machine bearing lasso high-end bearing steel material and its manufacturing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to special steel smelting technical field of forging more particularly to a kind of high-end bearing steels of machine bearing lasso Material and its manufacturing method.
Background technique
With the fast development of Numeric Control Technology, machine tool industry technology is also grown rapidly therewith.Wherein, High-speed machining can have It improves the processing efficiency of lathe, shorten the process-cycle of workpiece in effect ground.This requires machine tool chief axis and its associated components to adapt to The demand of High-speed machining.Currently, main shaft of numerical control machine tool bearing is substantially confined in angular contact ball bearing, cylinder roller bearing, double To four kinds of structure types such as angular contact thrust ball bearing and tapered roller bearing.
Bearing ring is the ring-shaped work pieces with the radial antifriction bearing of one or several raceways, subjects pole at work Big pressure and frictional force it requires that bearing ring Steel material has high and uniform hardness and wearability and high bullet The property limit.To the requirement such as the uniformity of the chemical component of bearing steel, the content of non-metallic inclusion and distribution, the distribution of carbide One of most stringent of steel grade is required in all very stringent and all steel productions.
High-carbon-chromium bearing steel is carbon containing 1% or so the, Steel material containing chromium 1.5% or so, is widely used in manufacturing all kinds of axis It holds.But due to existing bearing ring bearing steel material in the techniques such as Alloying Treatment and forging temperature existing defects, usually Cause lasso organization internal there are carbide segregation and carbide is in net distribution in material internal, causes the brittleness of material bright It is aobvious to increase.During quenching, because there are the effect of thermal stress and transformation stress, so that bearing ring inner wall occurs and deposits In stain, hole defect, can be cracked under the external force of grinding process when serious.With the high-end numerical control such as High-speed machining Requirement of the lathe to bearing ring performance is higher and higher, and existing high-carbon-chromium bearing steel material can no longer meet high-end numerical control machine The requirement of bed.
Summary of the invention
To solve the segregation of bearing ring Steel material internal carbides and causing Steel material performance that can not expire in net distribution The problem of sufficient high-end numerical control machine requires, the present invention provides a kind of machine bearing lasso high-end bearing steel material and its manufactures Method.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso, contained chemical component includes C:0.93 by mass percentage ~0.98%, Si:0.15~0.35%, Mn:0.25~0.45%, Cr:1.45~1.60%, Ni:0.05~0.10%, Mo: 0.02~0.08%, Al:0.015~0.035%, Cu:0.06~0.10%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.008%, Nb:0.010 ~0.045%, Y≤0.020%, Ce≤0.010%, Ti≤0.0015%, O≤0.0020%, As≤0.040%, Sn≤ 0.030%, Sb≤0.0050%, Pb≤0.0020%, and Si+Mn+Cr >=2.0%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso provided by the invention, the manufacturing method include electricity Furnace → LF refining and VD technique → molding → hot sending/cover it is cold → heating rolling → slow cooling → spheroidizing；
During the electric furnace:
Electric furnace is packed into the pig iron, molten iron or iron and steel stock, and the iron and steel stock uses the non-group of steel grade containing Ti material；When molten steel temperature >= Oxidizing slag is bled off when 1580 DEG C and C content >=0.30%, starts electric furnace steel tapping, in tapping process with tapping molten steel carburetting plus NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag, aluminium ingot, alloy and lime；
In the LF refining and VD technical process:
Molten steel is warming up to 1550 DEG C after reaching refining position, and ferrosilicon, NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE scorification slag is added, and adds in batches after clinkerization is good Enter diffusion deoxidizer and carry out slag making, when clinker reaches the condition of refining slag system, i.e. CaO 46~55%, SiO2≤ 7%, Al2O332 Start to control white slag refining time when~38%, MgO≤8% to realize deoxygenation of liquid steel；After white slag refining, under certain vacuum degree It controls argon flow and soft blow is carried out to molten steel, ladle covering agent is added after release, it is certain to continue the soft blow under certain argon flow Time；
During the molding:
Molten steel whole process after soft blow is poured under protection of argon gas, and ingot casting uses I class ingot mould, and mould temperature guarantees 30~ 80 DEG C, ingot mould inner surface is cleaned out.When sitting mould, tail brick eye must be aligned with mould bottom water buttonhole, heat-insulating shield assembly and cap mouth Lower edge is concordant, and gap plug is tight, is covered tightly on ingot mould cap mouth with iron plate when waiting to be cast, prevents dust from entering ingot mould.
Molten steel temperature is 1505~1510 DEG C when casting, and casting process guarantees that molten steel steadily rises and controls certain cap mouth The feeding time；
During the heating rolling:
The steel ingot of temperature homogeneous constant is heated to 850 DEG C and held for some time with certain heating rate, is then existed 1230~1240 DEG C are heated in certain heating-up time, steel rolling is gone out after held for some time, tapping temperature is 1120~1200 ℃；Start rolling temperature is 1120 DEG C, Water cooling in the operation of rolling, and finishing temperature is 780 DEG C；
During the spheroidizing:
Soaking time according to the weight setting steel of steel after rolling at 810 ± 10 DEG C, then with certain cooling speed Degree is down to 710 ± 10 DEG C, and steel are it at 1.5 times of 810 ± 10 DEG C of soaking time in 710 ± 10 DEG C of soaking time, then Be down to 500 DEG C with certain cooling rate and keep the temperature 1h, last furnace cooling, come out of the stove it is air-cooled.
Further, during electric furnace, the time of the carburetting plus NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag, aluminium ingot, alloy and lime are as follows:
Tapping, 3~5 ton hours sequentially add carbon dust, NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag and aluminium ingot；Tapping, alloy is added in 10~15 ton hours； Tapping, NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag and lime is added in 20~25 ton hours again；Wherein carburetting with LF refining position in place C content be 0.85~ The additional amount of 0.95% control carbon dust, the additional amount of alloy are reached under specification with chemical component of the LF refining position in place in addition to Si Limit control, aluminium content is 0.030~0.040% in place for LF refining position.
Further, the alloy includes the high chromium of low titanium and mid-carbon fe-mn；
The ingredient of the low titanium Gao Ge includes: Cr:60.2%, C:0.18%, Si:0.7%, P by mass percentage: 0.03%, S:0.02%, Ti:0.003%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity；
The ingredient of the mid-carbon fe-mn includes: Mn:79.45%, C:1.47%, Si:1.62%, P by mass percentage: 0.191%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Further, during electric furnace, the ingredient of the NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag by mass percentage include: CaO:46%, MgO:2.2%, Fe2O3: 0.6%, Al2O3: 40%, SiO2: 0.2%, H2O:0.17%, remaining is for other metal oxides and not It can avoid impurity.
Further, in LF refining and VD technical process, the ingredient of the ferrosilicon includes: Si by mass percentage: 76.7%, C:0.01%, Ti:0.013%, remaining is other metal oxides and inevitable impurity；
The diffusion deoxidizer include aluminum shot, carbon dust by weight the 1:1 mixture formed and carbon dust, silicon powder by weight The mixture of 1:1 composition；Aluminum shot, carbon dust mixing deoxidation are used early period in refining according to the slag making situation of refining slag system, and the later period makes With carbon dust, silicon powder mixing deoxidation；The white slag refining time is 30~50min.
Further, in LF refining and VD technical process, the vacuum degree is 67Pa, and argon flow is 20 under the vacuum ~40NL/min, the soft blow time is 20~30min under vacuum；Argon flow is 10~40NL/min after the release, after release The soft blow time is 30~40min；The ingredient of the ladle covering agent includes: SiO by mass percentage2: 20.00~ 30.00%, CaO:23.00~33.00%, Al2O3: 8.00~20.00%, C:10.00~20.00%, remaining is other metals Oxide and inevitable impurity.
Further, during molding, protecting the pressure of argon gas is 0.02~0.03MPa, uses bearing steel privacy protection Slag is simultaneously poured using suspending way, is opened to pour and is flowed back and to open in time and adjust beam after pouring, forbid suddenly big or suddenly small in casting process Adjust stream；
The ingredient of the bearing steel mould flux includes: SiO by mass percentage2: 34.00~44.00%, CaO: 9.00~19.00%, Al2O3≤ 12.00%, C:11.00~21.00%, MgO≤8.00%, remaining is other metal oxides And inevitable impurity；
The height of the hanging is away from 250~300mm of mould bottom；The cap mouth feeding time is 240s.
Further, during the heating rolling, the steel ingot of the temperature homogeneous constant is kept the temperature at 500~700 DEG C 90min reaches temperature homogeneous constant；The heating rate is 75 DEG C/h；850 DEG C of the soaking time is 30min；The liter The warm time is 3~5h；1230~1240 DEG C of the soaking time is 9~14h.
Further, during spheroidizing the steel 810 ± 10 DEG C soaking time be T, T=10+Q/2, formula Middle Q is the weight of steel, and unit is ton；The cooling rate for being cooled to 710 ± 10 DEG C is 10~15 DEG C/h；It is described to be cooled to 500 DEG C of cooling rate is 15~20 DEG C/h.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Machine bearing lasso provided by the invention is added on the basis of existing bearing steel material with high-end bearing steel material Ni, Mo element and rare earth element, strict control Al, Cu content provide good mechanical performance index for Steel material.With it is existing There is high-carbon-chromium bearing steel to compare, machine bearing lasso of the present invention has degree of purity higher with high-end bearing steel material, carbide point Cloth more evenly, T [O]≤6ppm, Ti≤10ppm, Ds≤0.5 grades, size of maximum inclusion≤15 μm, without microscopic pores and carbonization The features such as thing liquid is analysed.The present invention achieves breakthrough to the control of oxygen content in steel, Ti content and large inclusions.
The manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso of the present invention is in heating rolling stage High temperature diffusion Between 9~14 hours, and use cool controlled rolling, carbide effectively spread, and carbide level further gets a promotion, and is obtained more Good low multiple quality.The present invention also takes nodularization isothermal annealed processes, can eliminate hard and crisp sheet pearly-lustre after hot rolling Body and network cementite form globular pearlite tissue, and cementite therein is in spherical particle, and Dispersed precipitate is in ferrite matrix On, it is lower than not only hardness with lamellar pearlite, it is convenient for machining, and in Quench heating, austenite grain is not easy to grow up, Workpiece is also unlikely to deform and cracks when cooling.
The machine bearing lasso of Steel material production produced by the present invention is able to satisfy the requirement of high-end numerical control machine, has high Elastic limit, tensile strength and contact fatigue strength, high hardenability and necessary harden ability, to guarantee high-wearing feature, centainly Impact flexibility；Good dimensional stability or structure stability；It can effectively reduce phenomena such as fatigue of materials peels off, is stuck.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the macrograph for the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso that the embodiment of the present invention 8 produces；
Fig. 2 is that the machine bearing lasso that the embodiment of the present invention 8 produces is transferred with high-end bearing steel material in metallographic microscope Big 100 times of examination of nonmetallic inclusion photo；
Fig. 3 is that the machine bearing lasso that the embodiment of the present invention 8 produces is transferred with high-end bearing steel material in metallographic microscope Big 100 times of examination of nonmetallic inclusion photo；
Fig. 4 is that the machine bearing lasso that the embodiment of the present invention 8 produces is adopted under metallographic microscope with high-end bearing steel material The bright field image collected amplifies 100 times of carbide strip picture；
Fig. 5 is that the machine bearing lasso that the embodiment of the present invention 8 produces is adopted under metallographic microscope with high-end bearing steel material The bright field image collected amplifies 200 times of carbide network picture.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention, and however, it is not limited to this, all right Technical solution of the present invention is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, should all be contained Lid is within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso is present embodiments provided, contained chemical component presses quality percentage Content includes C:0.93~0.98%, Si:0.15~0.35%, Mn:0.25~0.45%, Cr:1.45~1.60%, Ni: 0.05~0.10%, Mo:0.02~0.08%, Al:0.015~0.035%, Cu:0.06~0.10%, P≤0.010%, S≤ 0.008%, Nb:0.010~0.045%, Y≤0.020%, Ce≤0.010%, Ti≤0.0015%, O≤0.0020%, As ≤ 0.040%, Sn≤0.030%, Sb≤0.0050%, Pb≤0.0020%, and Si+Mn+Cr >=2.0%, remaining for Fe and Inevitable impurity.
Carbon be influence steel performance important element, be ensure bearing steel can have enough harden ability, hardness number and One of important element of wearability.Carbon invigoration effect is very high, and phosphorus content increases in steel, and yield point and tensile strength increase, but Toughness is significantly reduced, in order to improve the safety and reliability that bearing steel uses, and considers that control reduces steel ingot carbon segregation, improves The uniformity of carbide, carbon component are designed to 0.93~0.98%.
Cr element is carbide former, and main function is the harden ability and corrosion resistance for improving steel, and be can be improved Intensity, hardness, wearability, elastic limit and yield limit.The size of the distribution of carbide and its particle in steel can be significantly changed. Chromium can also reduce the overheat tendency and skin decarburization speed of steel.Cr is designed by 1.45-1.60%, can increase the through hardening of steel Property and wearability, improve dimensional stability or structure stability, the resistance to corrosion and antioxidation of steel can be improved；And it can be with Prevent excessively high chromium content bulk carbide easy to form.
Mn element can significantly improve the harden ability of steel, and part manganese, which is dissolved in ferrite, improves ferritic hardness and strength, And it is capable of fixing the form of steel grade S and forms the MnS sulfides small to the performance hazards of steel, can reduce or inhibit The generation of FeS.Mn can improve the intensity of steel, weaken and eliminate the adverse effect of sulphur, improve and melt invigoration effect admittedly, and can improve Harden ability, yield strength and the tensile strength of steel, this steel grade are designed to be divided into 0.25-0.45% as needed, by middle upper limit control A point 0.35-0.40% is made, to guarantee steel grade retained austenite quantity, the superheated susceptivity of stabilized steel, crack tendence and Dimensional stability.But Cr and these elements of Mn can make material in 250-450 DEG C of increase temper brittleness sensibility in steel, i.e. brittleness turns While temperature rises, impact value and the Fracture Toughness decline of Ductile rupture, in order to reduce the adverse effect of manganese, this is just needed Increase Mo element, content range 0.02-0.08% improves harden ability, anti-temper resistance, refines annealed structure, subtracts Small quenching distortion improves fatigue strength, improves mechanical property.
There is enough harden ability to guarantee Steel material in use, tri- kinds of element total contents of Si, Mn, Cr are carried out Control designs Si+Mn+Cr content summation >=2.0%.
Ni is designed according to 0.05-0.10%, is to improve the most effective alloying element of steel toughness, the mechanism of its toughening is to make Material matrix itself is easy to cross-slip at low temperature, no matter Ni, which is added, can be improved toughness to which kind of tissue.Cu+Mo simultaneously Element designs control interval, available comprehensive corrosion resisting property more better than Cu+Ni, so Cu is designed by 0.06~0.10%, The corrosion-resistant stability of steel enhances.
Al content is designed to 0.015~0.035%, can be to avoid steel because grain size Coarsening Temperature is low, the matter of open grain structure Amount problem makes infusible compound-AlN and tiny, disperse carbon, nitride V that enough small and dispersed distributions are formed in steel (C, N) prevents Austenite Grain Growth together, and grain size number can be improved >=8.5 grades.
Nb content designs ingredient 0.010-0.045%, and as one of most important microalloy element, niobium both can be in austenite Dissolution, can also be precipitated again at low temperature in higher temperature region.Therefore, can not only crystal grain be inhibited to grow up, but also can be precipitated Strengthen, is one of most important microalloy element during controlled rolling and controlled cooling.In medium and high carbon steel, the significant crystal grain refinement of niobium can be mentioned The fine degree and uniformity of high microscopic structure play the effect for improving the plasticity and toughness of steel；Niobium is carbide, right The diffusion of carbon and the formation of carbide influence very big.To influence carbide quantity, size, form and distribution, reduce de- Carbon sensibility.
Rare-Earth Ce has fusing point low, and has very strong affinity with the pernicious gas in metallurgy, and has extremely strong de- Oxygen, desulfidation, cleaning molten steel and alloying action, are denaturalized steel inclusion, and then improve the properties of steel；But content No more than 0.015%, hot-working character deterioration otherwise will lead to, therefore Ce control is ≤0.010%.
Rare earth element yttrium Y can make remaining inclusion balling in steel, to refine crystal grain, and improve making for bearing steel With the service life, Y is controlled≤0.020%.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of manufacturing method of high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso, the manufacturing method Including electric furnace → LF refining and VD technique → molding → hot sending/cover it is cold → heating rolling → slow cooling → spheroidizing；
During the electric furnace:
Electric furnace is packed into the pig iron, molten iron or iron and steel stock, when molten steel temperature >=1580 DEG C and C content >=0.30% when by oxidizing slag It bleeds off, beginning electric furnace steel tapping, with tapping molten steel carburetting plus NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag, aluminium ingot, alloy and lime in tapping process；
In the LF refining and VD technical process:
Molten steel is warming up to 1550 DEG C after reaching refining position, and ferrosilicon, NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE scorification slag is added, and adds in batches after clinkerization is good Enter diffusion deoxidizer and carry out slag making, when clinker reaches the condition of refining slag system, i.e. CaO 46~55%, SiO2≤ 7%, Al2O332 Start to control white slag refining time when~38%, MgO≤8% to realize deoxygenation of liquid steel；After white slag refining, under certain vacuum degree It controls argon flow and soft blow is carried out to molten steel, ladle covering agent is added after release, it is certain to continue the soft blow under certain argon flow Time；
During the molding:
Molten steel whole process after soft blow is poured under protection of argon gas, and molten steel temperature is 1505~1510 DEG C when casting, is poured Note process guarantees that molten steel steadily rises and controls certain cap mouth feeding time；
During the heating rolling:
The steel ingot of temperature homogeneous constant is heated to 850 DEG C and held for some time with certain heating rate, is then existed 1230~1240 DEG C are heated in certain heating-up time, steel rolling is gone out after held for some time, tapping temperature is 1120~1200 ℃；Start rolling temperature is 1120 DEG C, Water cooling in the operation of rolling, and finishing temperature is 780 DEG C；
During the spheroidizing:
Soaking time according to the weight setting steel of steel after rolling at 810 ± 10 DEG C, then with certain cooling speed Degree is down to 710 ± 10 DEG C, and steel are it at 1.5 times of 810 ± 10 DEG C of soaking time in 710 ± 10 DEG C of soaking time, then Be down to 500 DEG C with certain cooling rate and keep the temperature 1h, last furnace cooling, come out of the stove it is air-cooled.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 2 be only that, the high-end bearing steel material of the present embodiment machine bearing lasso During the electric furnace of manufacturing method:
The pig iron, molten iron or iron and steel stock are packed into electric furnace according to weight ratio 4:6, iron and steel stock uses the non-group of steel grade containing Ti material； When molten steel temperature >=1580 DEG C and C content >=0.30% when oxidizing slag is bled off, start electric furnace steel tapping, in tapping process in electric furnace It stays steel amount at 7 tons or more, prevents from taking oxidizing slag out of in tapping process, if tapping process brings oxidizing slag into, in oxidizing slag FeO、P2O5、TiO2It will be reduced into P, Ti in refining process, cause molten steel rephosphorization to increase titanium, therefore must guarantee tapping process Middle anaerobic slugging is taken out of.
With tapping molten steel carburetting plus NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag, aluminium ingot, alloy and lime in tapping process；
It is reference with 30 tons of taps, tapping, 3~5 ton hours sequentially add carbon dust, 100Kg NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag and 30Kg aluminium Ingot；Tapping, alloy is added in 10~15 ton hours；200Kg NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag is added again in 20~25 ton hours of tapping and 300Kg is white Ash；Wherein with LF refining position, C content is 0.85~0.95% additional amount for controlling carbon dust in place for carburetting, and the additional amount of alloy is with LF Refine chemical component of the position in place in addition to Si and reach lower specification limit control, LF refining position in place aluminium content be 0.030~ 0.040%.
The ingredient of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag includes: CaO:46%, MgO:2.2%, Fe by mass percentage in the present embodiment2O3: 0.6%, Al2O3: 40%, SiO2: 0.2%, H2O:0.17%, remaining is other metal oxides and inevitable impurity.
The alloy that the present embodiment uses includes low titanium high chromium FeCr55C0.25II and mid-carbon fe-mn FeMn78C2.0；
The ingredient of the high chromium FeCr55C0.25II of low titanium includes: Cr:60.2%, C:0.18%, Si by mass percentage: 0.7%, P:0.03%, S:0.02%, Ti:0.003%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity；
The ingredient of mid-carbon fe-mn FeMn78C2.0 includes: Mn:79.45%, C:1.47%, Si by mass percentage: 1.62%, P:0.191%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Machine bearing lasso provided by the invention is added on the basis of existing bearing steel material with high-end bearing steel material Ni, Mo element and rare earth element, strict control Al, Cu content provide good mechanical performance index for Steel material.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 3 be only that, the high-end bearing steel material of the present embodiment machine bearing lasso In manufacturing method LF refining and VD technical process:
Molten steel starts to warm up after reaching refining position, and ferrosilicon, the ferrosilicon that the present embodiment uses are added in temperature-rise period The ingredient of TFeSi75-A includes: Si:76.7%, C:0.01%, Ti:0.013% by mass percentage, remaining is other gold Belong to oxide and inevitable impurity；
Refining position is warming up to 1550 DEG C, and when molten steel weight is that 250Kg NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE scorification slag is added in 30 ton hours, clinkerization is good After diffusion deoxidizer be added portionwise carry out slag making, diffusion deoxidizer include aluminum shot, carbon dust by weight the 1:1 mixture formed and The mixture that carbon dust, silicon powder are formed by weight 1:1；Aluminum shot, carbon are used early period in refining according to the slag making situation of refining slag system Powder mixing deoxidation, later period use carbon dust, silicon powder mixing deoxidation；
When clinker reaches the condition of refining slag system, i.e. CaO 46~55%, SiO2≤ 7%, Al2O332~38%, MgO≤ Start to control white slag refining time when 8% to realize deoxygenation of liquid steel；White slag refining time is 30min or more, to guarantee that molten steel exists It is abundant to refine position deoxidation, can further control white slag refining time in 50min or more.
White slag refining after the completion of, under 67Pa vacuum degree control argon flow be 20~40NL/min to molten steel soft blow 20~ Ladle covering agent is added after release in 30min, 30~40min of soft blow under 10~40NL/min argon flow；
The ingredient for the ladle covering agent that the present embodiment uses includes: SiO by mass percentage2: 20.00~30.00%, CaO:23.00~33.00%, Al2O3: 8.00~20.00%, C:10.00~20.00%, remaining for other metal oxides and Inevitable impurity.Ladle covering agent plays the role of heat preservation, isolation air, can be reduced temperature drop loss, prevents molten steel two Secondary oxidation.
The present embodiment uses CaO 46~55%, SiO2≤ 7%, Al2O3The refining slag system of 32~38%, MgO≤8%, The abundant dross inclusion adsorption of energy, further promotes the degree of purity of finished steel, further decreases non-metallic inclusion rank.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 4 be only that, the high-end bearing steel material of the present embodiment machine bearing lasso During manufacturing method molding:
Molten steel whole process after soft blow is poured in the case where pressure is the protection of 0.02~0.03MPa argon gas, under argon protecting cover Edge and edge distance≤200mm on loudspeaker nozzle brick；
Ingot casting uses I class ingot mould, and mould temperature guarantees that ingot mould inner surface is cleaned out at 30~80 DEG C.When sitting mould, tail brick Eye must be aligned with mould bottom water buttonhole, and heat-insulating shield assembly is concordant with cap mouth lower edge, and gap plug is tight, ingot mould cap mouth when waiting to be cast On covered tightly with iron plate, prevent dust from entering ingot mould.
Molten steel temperature is 1505~1510 DEG C, during molding when casting, is hung using bearing steel mould flux and use Extension mode is poured, and the height of hanging is away from 250~300mm of mould bottom；It opens to pour and flows back and to open in time and adjust beam after pouring, forbid The suddenly big or suddenly small tune stream of casting process guarantees that molten steel steadily rises in casting process.Pay attention to cap mouth feeding, guarantees not diffusing In the case of, the cap mouth feeding time controls in 240s.
The ingredient of the present embodiment middle (center) bearing steel mould flux includes: SiO by mass percentage2: 34.00~ 44.00%, CaO:9.00~19.00%, Al2O3≤ 12.00%, C:11.00~21.00%, MgO≤8.00%, remaining is it His metal oxide and inevitable impurity；
The present embodiment can sufficiently be solved the problems, such as water storage mouth in continuous casting casting process, be used simultaneously using molding casting process Die casting process teeming, carbide segregation is smaller than continuous casting process in ingot casting, can control carbide for the operation of rolling and provide well Tissue.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 5 be only that, the high-end bearing steel material of the present embodiment machine bearing lasso During manufacturing method heating rolling:
It molds obtained steel ingot and is sequentially placed into heating furnace, make all steel ingots in 700 DEG C or less heat preservation 90min, make all steel Ingot has the temperature of homogeneous constant, and Heating Steel Ingots to 850 DEG C and are then kept the temperature 30min with the heating rate of 75 DEG C/h, reduces Surface of steel ingot and internal temperature difference, improve equal thermal effect；Then in 3~5h by Heating Steel Ingots to 1230~1240 DEG C, protect 9~14h of temperature improves carbide segregation using High temperature diffusion, improves carbide homogeneity, taps after the completion of heat preservation；Tapping temperature It is 1120~1200 DEG C；Start rolling temperature is 1120 DEG C, Water cooling in the operation of rolling, controls cooling velocity, control carbide analysis Out, finishing temperature is 780 DEG C.
The present embodiment heating rolling stage High temperature diffusion time 9-14 hours obtains carbide effectively by High temperature diffusion Diffusion；Operation of rolling Water cooling controls cooling velocity, controls Carbide Precipitation.Pass through High temperature diffusion, cool controlled rolling, carbonization Object can effectively be spread, and carbide level is made further to get a promotion, while low multiple quality is good.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 6 be only that, the high-end bearing steel material of the present embodiment machine bearing lasso During manufacturing method spheroidizing:
According to soaking time of the weight setting steel at 810 ± 10 DEG C of steel after rolling, if soaking time is T, then T= 10+Q/2, Q is the weight of steel in formula, and unit is ton；
Then 710 ± 10 DEG C are down to the cooling rate of 10~15 DEG C/h, steel are it in 710 ± 10 DEG C of soaking time At 1.5 times of 810 ± 10 DEG C of soaking times, then be down to 500 DEG C with the cooling rate of 15~20 DEG C/h and keep the temperature 1h, finally with It comes out of the stove after the cooling 3h of furnace air-cooled.
The present embodiment passes through nodularization isothermal annealing, i.e., steel is heated to 20 DEG C of AC1 or more, after keeping the temperature the 10+Q/2 time, with Furnace carries out isothermal with the temperature that the speed less than 20 DEG C/h is cooled to Ar1, and isothermal time is 1.5 times of its heating and thermal insulation time, After isothermal be furnace-cooled to 500 DEG C keep the temperature 1 hour, and come out of the stove within natural cooling 3 hours or so in furnace it is air-cooled after, hot rolling can be eliminated Hard and crisp sheet pearlite and network cementite and what is obtained through nodularization isothermal annealing is globular pearlite tissue afterwards, In cementite be in spherical particle, Dispersed precipitate is low than not only hardness with lamellar pearlite on ferrite matrix, convenient for cut Processing, and in Quench heating, austenite grain is not easy to grow up, and workpiece is also unlikely to deform and cracks when cooling.
Embodiment 8
Present embodiments provide a kind of manufacturing method of high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso, including electric furnace → LF Refining and VD technique → molding → hot sending/cover it is cold → heating rolling → slow cooling → spheroidizing；
During electric furnace:
30 tons of pig iron, molten iron or iron and steel stock are packed into electric furnace, iron and steel stock uses the non-group of steel grade containing Ti material；Work as molten steel temperature Oxidizing slag is bled off when >=1580 DEG C and C content >=0.30%, starts electric furnace steel tapping, stays steel amount 7 in electric furnace in tapping process Ton or more, it prevents from taking oxidizing slag out of in tapping process；In tapping process with tapping molten steel carburetting, plus NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag, aluminium ingot, Alloy and lime；
Tapping, 3~5 ton hours sequentially add carbon dust, 100Kg NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag and 30Kg aluminium ingot；In 10~15 ton hours of tapping Alloy is added；Tapping, 200Kg NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag and 300Kg lime is added in 20~25 ton hours again；Wherein carburetting is with LF refining C content is 0.85~0.95% additional amount for controlling carbon dust in place for position, and aluminium content is 0.030~0.040% in place for LF refining position.
The ingredient of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag includes: CaO:46%, MgO:2.2%, Fe by mass percentage in the present embodiment2O3: 0.6%, Al2O3: 40%, SiO2: 0.2%, H2O:0.17%, remaining is other metal oxides and inevitable impurity.
The additional amount of alloy reaches lower specification limit control, the present embodiment with chemical component of the LF refining position in place in addition to Si The Design of Chemical Composition specification (mass percentage %) of bearing steel is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Element C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo Al Cu P S
Lower limit 0.93 0.15 0.25 1.45 0.05 0.02 0.015 0.06 ≤ ≤
The upper limit 0.98 0.35 0.45 1.60 0.10 0.08 0.035 0.10 0.010 0.008
Element Nb Y Ce Ti O As Sn Sb Pb Si+Mn+Cr
Lower limit 0.010 ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≤ ≥
The upper limit 0.045 0.020 0.010 0.0015 0.0020 0.040 0.030 0.0050 0.0020 2.0
The alloy that the present embodiment uses includes the high chromium of low titanium and mid-carbon fe-mn；
The ingredient of the high chromium FeCr55C0.25II of the low titanium that the present embodiment uses includes: Cr by mass percentage: 60.2%, C:0.18%, Si:0.7%, P:0.03%, S:0.02%, Ti:0.003%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity；
The ingredient for the mid-carbon fe-mn FeMn78C2.0 that the present embodiment uses by mass percentage include: Mn:79.45%, C:1.47%, Si:1.62%, P:0.191%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
In terms of ton steel additional amount unit, the high chromium additional amount of low titanium is 19.5Kg/t, and mid-carbon fe-mn additional amount is 2.3Kg/t,
In LF refining and VD technical process:
Molten steel starts to warm up after reaching refining position, and ferrosilicon, the ferrosilicon that the present embodiment uses are added in temperature-rise period The ingredient of TFeSi75-A includes: Si:76.7%, C:0.01%, Ti:0.013% by mass percentage, remaining is other gold Belong to oxide and inevitable impurity, in terms of ton steel additional amount unit, additional amount is ferrosilicon；1.8Kg/t.
Refining position is warming up to 1550 DEG C, and when molten steel weight is that 250Kg NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE scorification slag is added in 30 ton hours, clinkerization is good After diffusion deoxidizer be added portionwise carry out slag making, diffusion deoxidizer include aluminum shot, carbon dust by weight the 1:1 mixture formed and The mixture that carbon dust, silicon powder are formed by weight 1:1；Aluminum shot, carbon are used early period in refining according to the slag making situation of refining slag system Powder 30~40kg mixing deoxidation, later period use carbon dust, silicon powder 60~80kg mixing deoxidation；
When clinker reaches the condition of refining slag system, i.e. CaO 46~55%, SiO2≤ 7%, Al2O332~38%, MgO≤ Start to control white slag refining time when 8% to realize deoxygenation of liquid steel；White slag refining time is 30min or more, to guarantee that molten steel exists It is abundant to refine position deoxidation, can further control white slag refining time in 50min or more.
White slag refining after the completion of, under 67Pa vacuum degree control argon flow be 20~40NL/min to molten steel soft blow 20~ Ladle covering agent is added after release in 30min, 30~40min of soft blow under 10~40NL/min argon flow；
The ingredient for the ladle covering agent that the present embodiment uses includes: SiO by mass percentage2: 20.00~30.00%, CaO:23.00~33.00%, Al2O3: 8.00~20.00%, C:10.00~20.00%, remaining for other metal oxides and Inevitable impurity.
During molding:
Molten steel whole process after soft blow is poured in the case where pressure is the protection of 0.02~0.03MPa argon gas, under argon protecting cover Edge and edge distance≤200mm on loudspeaker nozzle brick；
Ingot casting uses I class ingot mould, and mould temperature guarantees that ingot mould inner surface is cleaned out at 30~80 DEG C.When sitting mould, tail brick Eye must be aligned with mould bottom water buttonhole, and heat-insulating shield assembly is concordant with cap mouth lower edge, and gap plug is tight, ingot mould cap mouth when waiting to be cast On covered tightly with iron plate, prevent dust from entering ingot mould.
Molten steel temperature is 1505~1510 DEG C, during molding when casting, is hung using bearing steel mould flux and use Extension mode is poured, and the height of hanging is away from 250~300mm of mould bottom；It opens to pour and flows back and to open in time and adjust beam after pouring, forbid The suddenly big or suddenly small tune stream of casting process guarantees that molten steel steadily rises in casting process.Pay attention to cap mouth feeding, guarantees not diffusing In the case of, the cap mouth feeding time controls in 240s.
The ingredient of the present embodiment middle (center) bearing steel mould flux includes: SiO by mass percentage2: 34.00~ 44.00%, CaO:9.00~19.00%, Al2O3≤ 12.00%, C:11.00~21.00%, MgO≤8.00%, remaining is it His metal oxide and inevitable impurity；
During heating rolling:
It molds obtained steel ingot and is sequentially placed into heating furnace, make all steel ingots in 700 DEG C or less heat preservation 90min, make all steel Ingot has the temperature of homogeneous constant, and Heating Steel Ingots to 850 DEG C and are then kept the temperature 30min with the heating rate of 75 DEG C/h, reduces Surface of steel ingot and internal temperature difference, improve equal thermal effect；Then in 3~5h by Heating Steel Ingots to 1230~1240 DEG C, protect 9~14h of temperature improves carbide segregation using High temperature diffusion, improves carbide homogeneity, taps after the completion of heat preservation, tapping temperature It is 1120~1200 DEG C；Start rolling temperature is 1120 DEG C, Water cooling in the operation of rolling, controls cooling velocity, control carbide analysis Out, finishing temperature is 780 DEG C.
During spheroidizing:
According to soaking time of the weight setting steel at 810 ± 10 DEG C of steel after rolling, if soaking time is T, then T= 10+Q/2, Q is the weight of steel in formula, and unit is ton；
Then 710 ± 10 DEG C are down to the cooling rate of 10~15 DEG C/h, steel are it in 710 ± 10 DEG C of soaking time At 1.5 times of 810 ± 10 DEG C of soaking times, then be down to 500 DEG C with the cooling rate of 15~20 DEG C/h and keep the temperature 1h, finally with It comes out of the stove after the cooling 3h of furnace air-cooled.
The chemical component (mass percentage %) of the bearing finished products steel of the present embodiment production is examined, the results are shown in Table 2:
Table 2
Heat ingredient C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo Al Cu P S
1# 0.96 0.25 0.35 1.50 0.07 0.05 0.020 0.08 0.006 0.005
Heat ingredient Nb Y Ce Ti O As Sn Sb Pb Si+Mn+Cr
1# 0.015 0.007 0.050 0.0014 0.0009 0.001 0.01 0.001 0.01 2.1
GCr15 material compares under the conditions of the bearing steel and GB/T18254 of the present embodiment production, on the basis of raw material, Ni, Mo element and rare earth element are increased, strict control Al, Cu content provides good mechanical performance index for material.
Fig. 1 is the macrograph of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso of the present embodiment production；Its macrostructure Center porosity is rated 1.0 grades, and General Loosen is rated 0 grade, and segregation is rated 0 grade.It follows that axis manufactured in the present embodiment Steel material is held with good macrostructure, illustrates that material is finer and close.
The machine bearing lasso of the present embodiment production is wanted with high-end bearing steel material according to GB/T18254-2002 sampling It asks and cuts metallographic specimen, after the width direction of polished surface is parallel with hot-working axis, place it in the metallography microscope of high quality Under the microscope, bright field image being acquired with image analyzer, 100 times of amplification is observed, and field trash inspection result is as shown in table 3,
Table 3
A is thin A is thick B is thin B is thick C is thin C is thick D is thin D is thick Ds TiN≤19um number
0 0 0.5 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0 0
0 0.5 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0 0
0 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0 0
0 0 0.5 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0 0
Fig. 2 is that the machine bearing lasso of the present embodiment production amplifies 100 under metallographic microscope with high-end bearing steel material Examination of nonmetallic inclusion photo again；The length of non-metallic inclusion is 2 μm in the picture, is DS field trash.Fig. 3 is this reality The machine bearing lasso for applying example production amplifies 100 times of nonmetal inclusion quality testing with high-end bearing steel material under metallographic microscope Passport control examination of passports piece；The length of non-metallic inclusion is 2 μm in the picture, is DS field trash.
It can thus be seen that the non-metallic inclusion size of the bearing steel material of the present embodiment process production is smaller, Steel material degree of purity with higher, can be such that the performances such as tensile strength, the green strength of Steel material are further promoted.
Gray scale difference in the case where carrying out microscope by the shape of observation comparative feature carbide, and its between matrix has come At the identification and grading of feature carbide.
Fig. 5 is that the machine bearing lasso that the embodiment of the present invention 8 produces is adopted under metallographic microscope with high-end bearing steel material The bright field image collected amplifies 200 times of carbide network picture.
Fig. 4 is that the machine bearing lasso of the present embodiment production is collected under metallographic microscope with high-end bearing steel material Bright field image amplifies 100 times of carbide strip picture, which shows that the rating result of carbide strip is 1.0 grades；Fig. 5 is With high-end bearing steel material, the collected bright field image under metallographic microscope amplifies the machine bearing lasso of the present embodiment production 200 times of carbide network picture, the picture show that the rating result of carbide strip is 1.0 grades.
It follows that Steel material manufactured in the present embodiment has preferable carbide strip and netted rating result, this is said Distribution of carbides in bright Steel material is more uniform, and the dimensional stability of Steel material and structure stability can be made to obtain further Promotion.The new material of present invention process production can provide higher for further processing production bearing ring or rolling element etc. Elastic limit, tensile strength and contact fatigue strength, high hardenability and necessary harden ability, to guarantee high-wearing feature, one Fixed impact flexibility；Good dimensional stability or structure stability；It can effectively reduce phenomena such as fatigue of materials peels off, is stuck. It is suitable for producing lathes to use bearing ring.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso, which is characterized in that contained chemical component presses mass percentage Including C:0.93~0.98%, Si:0.15~0.35%, Mn:0.25~0.45%, Cr:1.45~1.60%, Ni:0.05~ 0.10%, Mo:0.02~0.08%, Al:0.015~0.035%, Cu:0.06~0.10%, P≤0.010%, S≤ 0.008%, Nb:0.010~0.045%, Y≤0.020%, Ce≤0.010%, Ti≤0.0015%, O≤0.0020%, As ≤ 0.040%, Sn≤0.030%, Sb≤0.0050%, Pb≤0.0020%, and Si+Mn+Cr >=2.0%, remaining for Fe and Inevitable impurity.
2. a kind of manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that The manufacturing method include electric furnace → LF refining and VD technique → molding → hot sending/cover it is cold → heating rolling → slow cooling → nodularization moves back Fire；
During the electric furnace:
Electric furnace is packed into the pig iron, molten iron or iron and steel stock, when molten steel temperature >=1580 DEG C and C content >=0.30% when oxidizing slag is put Fall, beginning electric furnace steel tapping, with tapping molten steel carburetting plus NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag, aluminium ingot, alloy and lime in tapping process；
In the LF refining and VD technical process:
Molten steel is warming up to 1550 DEG C after reaching refining position, and ferrosilicon, NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE scorification slag is added, expansion is added portionwise after clinkerization is good It dissipates deoxidier and carries out slag making, when clinker reaches the condition of refining slag system, i.e. CaO46~55%, SiO2≤ 7%, Al2O332~ Start to control white slag refining time when 38%, MgO≤8% to realize deoxygenation of liquid steel；After white slag refining, controlled under certain vacuum degree Argon flow processed carries out soft blow to molten steel, and ladle covering agent is added after release, continues one timing of soft blow under certain argon flow Between；
During the molding:
Molten steel whole process after soft blow is poured under protection of argon gas, and molten steel temperature is 1505~1510 DEG C when casting, is poured Journey guarantees that molten steel steadily rises and controls certain cap mouth feeding time；
During the heating rolling:
The steel ingot of temperature homogeneous constant is heated to 850 DEG C and held for some time with certain heating rate, then certain It is heated to 1230~1240 DEG C in heating-up time, steel rolling is gone out after held for some time, tapping temperature is 1120~1200 DEG C；It opens Rolling temperature is 1120 DEG C, Water cooling in the operation of rolling, and finishing temperature is 780 DEG C；
During the spheroidizing:
Soaking time according to the weight setting steel of steel after rolling at 810 ± 10 DEG C, is then dropped with certain cooling rate To 710 ± 10 DEG C, steel are it at 1.5 times of 810 ± 10 DEG C of soaking time in 710 ± 10 DEG C of soaking time, then with one Determine cooling rate to be down to 500 DEG C and keep the temperature 1h, last furnace cooling, come out of the stove it is air-cooled.
3. a kind of manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso according to claim 2, which is characterized in that During electric furnace, the time of the carburetting plus NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag, aluminium ingot, alloy and lime are as follows:
Tapping, 3~5 ton hours sequentially add carbon dust, NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag and aluminium ingot；Tapping, alloy is added in 10~15 ton hours；Going out NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag and lime is added in 20~25 ton hour of steel again；Wherein carburetting with LF refining position in place C content be 0.85~ The additional amount of 0.95% control carbon dust, the additional amount of alloy are reached under specification with chemical component of the LF refining position in place in addition to Si Limit control, aluminium content is 0.030~0.040% in place for LF refining position.
4. a kind of manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso, feature according to Claims 2 or 3 exist In the alloy includes the high chromium of low titanium and mid-carbon fe-mn；
The ingredient of the low titanium Gao Ge includes: Cr:60.2%, C:0.18%, Si:0.7%, P by mass percentage: 0.03%, S:0.02%, Ti:0.003%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity；
The ingredient of the mid-carbon fe-mn includes: Mn:79.45%, C:1.47%, Si:1.62%, P by mass percentage: 0.191%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
5. a kind of manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso according to claim 4, which is characterized in that During electric furnace, the ingredient of the NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE slag includes: CaO:46%, MgO:2.2%, Fe by mass percentage2O3: 0.6%, Al2O3: 40%, SiO2: 0.2%, H2O:0.17%, remaining is other metal oxides and inevitable impurity.
6. a kind of manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso according to claim 5, which is characterized in that In LF refining and VD technical process, the ingredient of the ferrosilicon includes: Si:76.7%, C:0.01%, Ti by mass percentage: 0.013%, remaining is other metal oxides and inevitable impurity；
The diffusion deoxidizer include aluminum shot, carbon dust by weight the 1:1 mixture formed and carbon dust, silicon powder by weight 1:1 The mixture of composition；Aluminum shot, carbon dust mixing deoxidation are used early period in refining according to the slag making situation of refining slag system, and the later period uses carbon Powder, silicon powder mixing deoxidation；The white slag refining time is 30~50min.
7. a kind of manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso according to claim 6, which is characterized in that In LF refining and VD technical process, the vacuum degree≤67Pa, argon flow is 20~40NL/min under the vacuum, under vacuum The soft blow time is 20~30min；After the release argon flow be 10~40NL/min, after release the soft blow time be 30~ 40min；The ingredient of the ladle covering agent includes: SiO by mass percentage2: 20.00~30.00%, CaO:23.00~ 33.00%, Al2O3: 8.00~20.00%, C:10.00~20.00%, remaining is other metal oxides and inevitable miscellaneous Matter.
8. a kind of manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso according to claim 7, which is characterized in that During molding, protecting the pressure of argon gas is 0.02~0.03MPa, is poured using bearing steel mould flux and using suspending way Note,
The ingredient of the bearing steel mould flux includes: SiO by mass percentage2: 34.00~44.00%, CaO:9.00 ~19.00%, Al2O3≤ 12.00%, C:11.00~21.00%, MgO≤8.00%, remaining is for other metal oxides and not It can avoid impurity；
The height of the hanging is away from 250~300mm of mould bottom；The cap mouth feeding time is 240s.
9. a kind of manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso according to claim 8, which is characterized in that During the heating rolling, the steel ingot of the temperature homogeneous constant is that reach temperature in 500~700 DEG C of heat preservation 90min uniform It is constant；The heating rate is 75 DEG C/h；850 DEG C of the soaking time is 30min；The heating-up time is 3~5h；It is described 1230~1240 DEG C of soaking time is 9~14h.
10. a kind of manufacturing method of the high-end bearing steel material of machine bearing lasso, feature exist according to claim 9 In the steel are T, T=10+Q/2 in 810 ± 10 DEG C of soaking time during spheroidizing, and Q is the weight of steel in formula Amount, unit is ton；The cooling rate for being cooled to 710 ± 10 DEG C is 10~15 DEG C/h；The cooling speed for being cooled to 500 DEG C Degree is 15~20 DEG C/h.
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