CN110256179A - A kind of Compound emulsifier for emulsion explosive - Google Patents
A kind of Compound emulsifier for emulsion explosive Download PDFInfo
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- CN110256179A CN110256179A CN201910652976.XA CN201910652976A CN110256179A CN 110256179 A CN110256179 A CN 110256179A CN 201910652976 A CN201910652976 A CN 201910652976A CN 110256179 A CN110256179 A CN 110256179A
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- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 dimethyldichlorosilane modified silica particles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Natural products C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940117013 triethanolamine oleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- KGWDUNBJIMUFAP-KVVVOXFISA-N Ethanolamine Oleate Chemical compound NCCO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O KGWDUNBJIMUFAP-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005068 monoethanolamine oleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229960002969 oleic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 3
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- LPMBTLLQQJBUOO-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-n,n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)octadec-9-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)N(CCO)CCO LPMBTLLQQJBUOO-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 4
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical class CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005652 polyisobutylene succinic anhydride Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQHZEKNQJJSVDN-KVVVOXFISA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound OCCNCCO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O KQHZEKNQJJSVDN-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/006—Stabilisers (e.g. thermal stabilisers)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/009—Wetting agents, hydrophobing agents, dehydrating agents, antistatic additives, viscosity improvers, antiagglomerating agents, grinding agents and other additives for working up
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种乳化炸药用复合乳化剂，该复合乳化剂由油酸类表面活性剂和和经疏水改性的二氧化硅颗粒构成，其中，所述经疏水改性二氧化硅颗粒选自二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒、聚二甲基硅氧烷改性二氧化硅颗粒、六甲基二硅氮烷改性二氧化硅颗粒中的任意一种或几种的混合物。以该复合乳化剂制备的乳化炸药爆炸性能和储存稳定性优良。The invention discloses a composite emulsifier for emulsion explosives. The composite emulsifier is composed of an oleic acid surfactant and hydrophobically modified silicon dioxide particles, wherein the hydrophobically modified silicon dioxide particles are selected from From any one or more of dimethyldichlorosilane modified silica particles, polydimethylsiloxane modified silica particles, hexamethyldisilazane modified silica particles mixture. The emulsion explosive prepared with the composite emulsifier has excellent explosive performance and storage stability.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种乳化炸药用复合乳化剂，属于乳化炸药技术领域。The invention relates to a composite emulsifier for emulsion explosives, belonging to the technical field of emulsion explosives.
背景技术Background technique
乳化剂是乳化炸药中的一个关键组分，是影响乳化炸药爆炸性能和储存稳定性的重要因素。目前乳化炸药中常用乳化剂主要有Span-80和聚异丁烯丁二酸酐衍生物两种乳化剂。前者乳化能力强，但分子量小，制备的乳化炸药储存稳定性较差。后者分子量高，可在乳化炸药中形成三维网络体系，能在一定程度上提高乳化炸药的储存稳定性，但是乳化能力不强，尤其是成乳能力比较弱。因此，很多科研工作者提出将Span-80和聚异丁烯丁二酸酐衍生物两种乳化剂进行复配，制备成复合乳化剂以综合两种乳化剂的优点。然而，该种复合乳化剂，虽然成乳能力和所制备炸药的储存稳定性有一定的改善，但效果依然不是很明显。因此，研究新型复合乳化剂用于提高乳化剂成乳能力，同时延长乳化炸药储存稳定性甚为重要。Emulsifier is a key component in emulsion explosives and an important factor affecting the explosive performance and storage stability of emulsion explosives. Currently, emulsifiers commonly used in emulsion explosives mainly include Span-80 and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride derivatives. The former has strong emulsifying ability, but the molecular weight is small, and the storage stability of the prepared emulsion explosive is poor. The latter has a high molecular weight and can form a three-dimensional network system in the emulsion explosive, which can improve the storage stability of the emulsion explosive to a certain extent, but the emulsification ability is not strong, especially the emulsion forming ability is relatively weak. Therefore, many scientific researchers proposed to compound the two emulsifiers, Span-80 and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride derivatives, to prepare a composite emulsifier to combine the advantages of the two emulsifiers. However, although this kind of composite emulsifier has improved the emulsion-forming ability and the storage stability of the prepared explosive, the effect is still not very obvious. Therefore, it is very important to study new composite emulsifiers to improve the emulsification ability of emulsifiers and prolong the storage stability of emulsion explosives.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提出一种乳化炸药用复合乳化剂，以该复合乳化剂制备的乳化炸药具有优良的爆炸性能和储存稳定性。In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a composite emulsifier for emulsion explosives, and the emulsion explosive prepared with the composite emulsifier has excellent explosive performance and storage stability.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种乳化炸药用复合乳化剂，所述复合乳化剂由油酸类乳化剂和和经疏水改性的二氧化硅颗粒构成。A composite emulsifier for emulsion explosives, the composite emulsifier is composed of oleic acid emulsifier and hydrophobically modified silicon dioxide particles.
进一步的，所述油酸类乳化剂包括失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯、油酸三乙醇胺、油酸二乙醇胺、油酸单乙醇胺中的任一种或几种的混合物。Further, the oleic acid emulsifier includes any one or a mixture of sorbitan monooleate, triethanolamine oleate, diethanolamine oleate, and monoethanolamine oleate.
进一步的，所述经疏水改性二氧化硅颗粒的粒径为10～100nm。Further, the particle diameter of the hydrophobically modified silica particles is 10-100 nm.
进一步的，所述经疏水改性二氧化硅颗粒选自二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒、聚二甲基硅氧烷改性二氧化硅颗粒、六甲基二硅氮烷改性二氧化硅颗粒中的任意一种或几种的混合物。Further, the hydrophobically modified silica particles are selected from dimethyldichlorosilane modified silica particles, polydimethylsiloxane modified silica particles, hexamethyldisilazane modified Any one or a mixture of several types of silica particles.
进一步的，复合乳化剂中疏水改性的二氧化硅颗粒和油酸类乳化剂的质量比为1:4～9。Further, the mass ratio of the hydrophobically modified silicon dioxide particles and the oleic acid emulsifier in the composite emulsifier is 1:4-9.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1)该复合乳化剂可有效延长乳化炸药的储存稳定性和提高炸药爆炸性能。(2)该复合乳化剂，原材料环保且易得，添加量少，具有较高的推广价值。(3)该复合乳化剂在较低的乳化转速下，就能制备得到性能优良的乳化炸药，提高了乳化炸药生产过程的本质安全性。(1) The composite emulsifier can effectively prolong the storage stability of the emulsion explosive and improve the explosive performance of the explosive. (2) The composite emulsifier has environmentally friendly and easy-to-obtain raw materials, has a small amount of addition, and has high promotional value. (3) The composite emulsifier can prepare an emulsion explosive with excellent performance at a relatively low emulsification rotational speed, which improves the intrinsic safety of the emulsion explosive production process.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过实施例进一步描述本发明，但本发明不局限于所述的实施例。The present invention is further described below through examples, but the present invention is not limited to described examples.
实施例一：Embodiment one:
将90g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂1。Put 90g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of dimethyldichlorosilane-modified silica particles (particle size is 10nm), and mix for 5h under stirring to obtain Compound emulsifier 1.
实施例二：Embodiment two:
将90g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为100nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂2。Put 90g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of dimethyldichlorosilane-modified silica particles (particle size is 100nm), and mix for 5h under stirring to obtain Compound emulsifier 2.
实施例三：Embodiment three:
将90g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为50nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂3。Put 90g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of dimethyldichlorosilane-modified silica particles (particle size is 50nm), and mix for 5h under stirring to obtain Compound emulsifier 3.
实施例四：Embodiment four:
将90g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g聚二甲基硅氧烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂4。Put 90g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of polydimethylsiloxane modified silica particles (particle size is 10nm), and mix for 5h under stirring, Compound emulsifier 4 was obtained.
实施例五：Embodiment five:
将90g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入5g聚二甲基硅氧烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)和5g六甲基二硅氮烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂5。Put 90g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 5g of polydimethylsiloxane modified silica particles (particle size is 10nm) and 5g of hexamethyldimethicone Silazane-modified silica particles (particle size: 10 nm) were mixed under stirring for 5 hours to obtain composite emulsifier 5.
实施例六：Embodiment six:
将40g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂6。Put 40g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of dimethyldichlorosilane-modified silica particles (particle size is 10nm), and mix for 5h under stirring to obtain Compound emulsifier 6.
实施例七：Embodiment seven:
将40g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入6g二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂7。Put 40g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 6g of dimethyldichlorosilane-modified silica particles (particle size is 10nm), and mix for 5h under stirring to obtain Compound emulsifier7.
实施例八：Embodiment eight:
将90g失水山梨糖醇单乙醇胺放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂8。Put 90g of sorbitan monoethanolamine into the reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of dimethyldichlorosilane modified silica particles (particle size is 10nm), and mix for 5h under stirring to obtain a composite emulsification Agent 8.
实施例九：Embodiment nine:
将40g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯和50g油酸三乙醇胺放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂9。对比例一：Put 40g of sorbitan monooleate and 50g of triethanolamine oleate into the reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of dimethyldichlorosilane modified silica particles (particle size is 10nm), Mixed under stirring for 5h to obtain complex emulsifier 9. Comparative example one:
将100g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂10。Put 100g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of dimethyldichlorosilane-modified silica particles (particle size is 10nm), and mix for 5h under stirring to obtain Complex emulsifier 10.
对比例二：Comparative example two:
将30g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g二甲基二氯硅烷改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂11。Put 30g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of dimethyldichlorosilane-modified silica particles (particle size is 10nm), and mix for 5h under stirring to obtain Complex emulsifier11.
对比例三：Comparative example three:
将90g失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯放入反应釜中，加热至80℃，加入10g未改性二氧化硅颗粒(颗粒粒径为10nm)，搅拌下混合5h，得到复合乳化剂12。Put 90g of sorbitan monooleate into a reaction kettle, heat to 80°C, add 10g of unmodified silica particles (particle size: 10nm), and mix for 5 hours under stirring to obtain composite emulsifier 12.
采用本发明实施例中的复合乳化剂、对比例中复合乳化剂以及市售乳化剂制备乳化炸药，考察乳化剂类型对乳化炸药性能和储存稳定性的影响，乳化炸药配方如表1，乳化炸药爆速和储存中爆速的变化如表2。The composite emulsifier in the embodiment of the present invention, the composite emulsifier in the comparative example and the commercially available emulsifier are used to prepare emulsion explosives, and the influence of emulsifier type on the performance and storage stability of emulsion explosives is investigated. The formulation of emulsion explosives is shown in Table 1. Emulsion explosives The detonation velocity and the change of detonation velocity during storage are shown in Table 2.
从表2中乳化炸药储存过程中爆速的变化可知，相比市售的复合乳化剂、Span-80乳化剂以及对比例中复合乳化剂，采用本申请实施例中提供的复合乳化剂在较低的乳化转速和很低的用量下，制备的乳化炸药已经具有较高的爆炸性能和储存稳定性，说明本申请提供的乳化剂具有更好的乳化性能和提高乳化炸药储存稳定性的能力。From the change of the detonation velocity in the storage process of the emulsion explosive in Table 2, it can be seen that compared with the commercially available composite emulsifier, Span-80 emulsifier and the composite emulsifier in the comparative example, the composite emulsifier provided in the embodiment of the application is used at a lower Under the emulsification rotation speed and very low consumption, the prepared emulsion explosive already has higher explosive performance and storage stability, indicating that the emulsifier provided by the application has better emulsification performance and the ability to improve the storage stability of the emulsion explosive.
表1乳化炸药配方Table 1 Emulsion explosive formula
。 .
表2乳化炸药储存过程中爆速的变化Table 2 Changes in detonation velocity of emulsion explosives during storage
Claims (6)
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| CN117209339A (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-12-12 | 荆门市燎原科技开发有限公司 | Composite emulsifier for emulsion explosive |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113387760A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-14 | 新乡市瑞丰新材料股份有限公司 | Novel composite emulsifier for emulsion explosive |
| CN117209339A (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-12-12 | 荆门市燎原科技开发有限公司 | Composite emulsifier for emulsion explosive |
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