CN110236750A - 一种颅内动脉瘤隔绝支架 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种颅内动脉瘤隔绝支架。本发明涉及颅内动脉瘤尤其是巨大动脉瘤及破裂动脉瘤并与重要分支血管临近,通过半覆膜技术将动脉瘤隔绝并同时保留分支血管通畅,包括支架主体、半覆膜部分、推送装置及标记点,支架主体为较为疏大的网状结构,半覆膜区由生物膜构成附于支架上,推送装置可将支架主体运送至病变血管,并能稳定释放,显影区有四个,包括支架两端和覆膜区两端。在现有技术基础上,本发明结合临床实际情况致力于解决颅内动脉瘤的占位效应、破裂风险并减少术中及术后并发症。
Description
技术领域
本发明专利涉及生物医疗器械领域,尤其涉及巨大动脉瘤或破裂动脉瘤并与重要分支血管临近的血管内治疗支架。
背景技术
颅内动脉瘤易发生破裂出血,导致患者死亡率较高。较大的动脉瘤其破裂的风险更高,已破裂的动脉瘤即使保守治疗稳定后其再破裂的风险较大,这类动脉瘤通常起病急,病程短,易造成不良预后。形成动脉瘤的病因较多,多与动脉硬化、高血压、肌纤维发育不良、免疫因素、遗传因素等相关,目前其发病机制尚不完全明确。针对动脉瘤的治疗方面尚没有完全统一的认识,内科治疗时是基础,对于动脉瘤的处理主要包括外科手术夹闭动脉瘤和介入手术腔内治疗。外科手术风险较高,创伤较大,并发症较多,随着介入手术的经验积累及切入手术器械的发展,尤其是血流导向装置的出现及改革,腔内治疗逐渐成为主流的治疗方式。
腔内治疗的目的是将动脉瘤填塞或隔绝,然而由于较大的动脉瘤填塞费用较高且占位效应的问题仍待解决,通常对于附近无重要分支血管的病变可采用覆膜支架进行隔绝,附近有重要分支血管时仍选择裸支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞。随着血流导向装置的出现对于该类动脉瘤的治疗理念也发生着由填塞向血流导向的方式发展,这种血流导向装置的内膜覆盖后动脉瘤即被隔绝,但是在内膜未完全形成前,动脉瘤仍存在破裂的风险。对于已经破裂的动脉瘤,即刻减少破裂处的再出血是必要的,单纯弹簧圈栓塞术中出血风险较高,支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞又需要抗血小板的治疗也使得出血的风险增加。弹簧圈栓塞后动脉瘤的复发率也并不低,这无疑增加了患者的住院次数及经济负担,甚至发生破裂出血的风险,通过本发明支架完全隔绝后可降低复发率,并可保留临近分支血管,同样本支架亦适用于先前通过治疗后复发的动脉瘤。
综上所述,针对较大的动脉瘤或破裂动脉瘤并临近重要分支血管的病变血管,迫切需要开发一种简单、安全、高效的血管内治疗支架。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服上述现有技术的限制而提供的一种颅内动脉瘤半覆膜隔绝支架。
本发明的目的可通过以下技术方案实现:颅内动脉瘤半覆膜支架包括支架主体、半覆膜部分、推送装置及标记点,所述支架为闭环自膨式支架架构,经激光雕刻后由4根正弦形主体构成骨架结构,具有较低的支架覆盖率又具有较好的径向支撑力及贴壁性,所述支架采用优选的记忆性合金材料制作,提升安全性及良好的生物相容性,所述半覆膜区覆盖于支架的中央部位,可有效隔绝动脉瘤并保护了临近重要分支血管的通畅性,所述支架的半覆膜仅内面覆膜并涂有亲水性的超滑材质,可使得内面血栓形成的几率明显减小,外面为金属裸区,可刺激凝血反应,促进动脉瘤内血栓形成,所述支架的主体与推送装置相连接,可被电解脱,支架主体与推送装置有4个连接点,使得支架释放稳定性增加,减少支架移位偏移的发生, 所述支架的显影点有4处,分别位于支架两端及覆膜区两端,可使的支架更加精准的定位释放于病变区,所述的显影点在支架释放后可更加直观清楚地在数字减影血管造影机下观察支架释放后的状态。
本发明的使用过程与其他类型支架使用相似:造影明确病变位置,将支架送至病变位置,在显影点的参照作用下,准确定位后,再缓慢回撤微导管小心释放,并在释放过程中微调支架位置以精确完全的覆盖动脉瘤,覆盖动脉瘤后解脱支架,撤回微导管及推送杆,本发明的支架可与现有的微导管、微导丝、推送杆等配合使用,均为本领域技术人员公知的现有技术。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:(1)支架的骨架结构经雕刻而成,由4根正弦形主体构成骨架结构,具有较低的支架覆盖率又具有较好的径向支撑力及贴壁性。
(2)支架整体分为覆膜区和裸区。两端的裸区长约4-5mm,且覆盖率低,减少了血栓形成及临近分支被覆盖的风险。覆膜区可即刻完全的隔绝血流进入动脉瘤腔内,减少了既往应用弹簧圈填塞动脉瘤腔破裂的风险,同时对于预防血栓形成即刻可行抗血小板治疗,相较于血流导向装置的缓慢隔绝作用,本支架能够即刻的起效。
(3)本支架可应用范围更广,可用于各类型的临近重要分支血管的动脉瘤,如应用于较大的动脉瘤而减少占位效应,也可用于各种类型的破裂动脉瘤。
(4)支架的推送部位有4个连接点,可使得支架的释放更加稳定并具有可微调支架的作用。
(5)支架的两端及覆膜区两端各有显影点,更加利于支架的精准定位释放,以达到完全隔绝而又减少分支血管覆盖的几率,并且可在释放后更加清楚地观察支架的释放状态。
附图说明
图1为本发明支架释放前的图示; 图2为本发明支架释放后的图示; 图3、图4为本发明支架释放治疗临近重要分支血管的动脉瘤的的图示;图中,1-支架主体、2为-支架半覆膜区、3为-覆膜区两端的显影点、4为-支架两端两端的显影点、5-为推送杆、6为-微导管、7为-载瘤动脉、8为-临近的分支血管、9为-动脉瘤。
具体实施方式
由于各种血管病变的差异,在不超出本发明核心理念的前提下,针对本支架尺寸、大小、血管解剖相关的变形时可以的,这些仍属于本发明的保护范畴。
实施例本项发明的支架结构图如图2所示,包括支架主体、半覆膜区、推送装置及显影点部分。支架主体为自膨式网状结构,在支架骨架的设计方面,减少了支架覆盖率的同时保证支架的径向张力及良好的贴壁性能。半覆膜区覆膜贴于支架的内面,表面光滑并涂亲水涂层,而外面粗糙,金属支架骨架结构裸露,可以促进动脉瘤内血栓的形成,半覆膜区两端距支架两端的距离为4-5mm。支架裸区由于支架的覆盖率低,不易覆盖动脉瘤临近区域的分支血管,保留分支血管的供血功能。推送杆与支架的主体有4个连接点,在支架未完全释放时,可对支架的位置进行微调,更易操作控制。显影点包括支架两端的显影点和半覆膜区两端的显影点,这使得在支架的释放中定位更加精确,可以精准的覆盖动脉瘤颈,而临近的分支血管也能得以保留。由于覆膜部分可完全阻断向动脉瘤内灌注的血流,尤其对于破裂型动脉瘤,即刻的隔绝可明显降低再出血的发生。
本发明与微导管、微导丝、推送杆等可相互兼容,配合使用,均为本领域技术人员公知的现有技术。在血管内进行支架隔绝动脉瘤的如图3、图4所示,首先进行造影,明确动脉瘤的位置、大小、瘤颈范围及分支血管的分布状况,选择合适规格的支架,微导管装载支架到位,观察显影点位置合适后缓慢释放支架,同时注意微调支架位置完全覆盖动脉瘤并保留分支血管,解脱后复行造影了解隔绝效果及分支血管通畅情况,退出手术器械,如有必要,可再予植入支架隔绝。
以上进行了本发明的实施例讲述,本发明并不局限于上述特定的实施方式,尚可用于临近分支血管动静脉瘘的瘘口隔绝,故本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内进行变形或增加应用范围。
Claims (6)
1.半覆膜支架其特征在于该支架分为支架主体、半覆膜部分、推送装置及标记点,所述支架主体为网状结构,半覆膜部分为支架中间段的覆膜区,推送装置可将支架主体准确放置于病变部位,显影点分布于支架两端及半覆膜区两端。
2.根据权利要求1所述的支架主体为金属支架,其特征在于该支架基于雕刻技术形成闭环结构,由4根呈正弦图形样的金属骨骼构成,保证了较低的覆盖率又具有较好的径向支撑力及贴壁性。
3.根据权利要求1和2所述的半覆膜部分及金属支架部分,其特征在于覆膜该支架结构的膜部分别距支架两端约4-5mm,保证了支架的良好隔绝作用同时也减少了病变临近分支血管缺血事件的发生,这也使得支架在血管中的稳定性增加。
4.另外我们的半覆膜区只覆于支架的内面,外面为金属裸露区及膜的糙面,可促进动脉瘤腔内血栓形成。
5.根据权利要求1和2所述,该支架的推送装置与支架的四个点链接,可使得释放过程中能较好的纠正支架的位置偏移。
6.根据权利要求1和2和3的要求,为了增加该支架及覆膜区的可视性,除了支架两端的标记点还增加了覆膜区两端的标记点,使得在释放过程中能够更加准确无误的定位,并且可通过数字减影血管造影机观察其释放后在血管中位置及动脉瘤的隔绝效果。
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CN110934621A (zh) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-31 | 贺迎坤 | 一种可降解血流导向装置 |
WO2022022142A1 (zh) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-03 | 上海苏畅医疗科技有限公司 | 一种覆膜支架及覆膜方法 |
WO2022022143A1 (zh) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-03 | 上海苏畅医疗科技有限公司 | 一种载膜支架 |
CN114052982A (zh) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-18 | 上海苏畅医疗科技有限公司 | 一种载膜支架 |
CN114052981A (zh) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-18 | 上海苏畅医疗科技有限公司 | 一种覆膜支架及覆膜方法 |
CN114052981B (zh) * | 2020-07-29 | 2024-08-16 | 上海苏畅医疗科技有限公司 | 一种覆膜支架及覆膜方法 |
CN113288317A (zh) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-08-24 | 苏州舒通医疗科技有限公司 | 一种医用装置 |
CN114028046A (zh) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-02-11 | 上海心玮医疗科技股份有限公司 | 一种准确定位的密网支架 |
CN115006053A (zh) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-09-06 | 北京华脉泰科医疗器械股份有限公司 | 一体式术中支架和支架植入方法 |
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