CN110233354B - Shipborne telemetering multi-band beam waveguide small and medium antenna structure system - Google Patents
Shipborne telemetering multi-band beam waveguide small and medium antenna structure system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
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Abstract
The invention provides a ship-borne telemetering multiband beam waveguide small and medium antenna structure system, which comprises an antenna reflector, an antenna seat, a transition section and a beam waveguide combination, wherein the antenna reflector is arranged on the antenna seat; the antenna reflector is a steel radiant beam type modified paraboloid of revolution structure, the reflecting panel is an independently adjustable high-precision panel made of aluminum, the panel precision meets the requirement of electrical indexes, and the panel structural rigidity meets the requirement of mechanical deformation and has redundancy; the antenna pedestal adopts an azimuth pitching type structure and comprises a pitching combination, an azimuth combination and an axial angle detection device; the transition section is connected with the azimuth base and a feed source installation cabin in the ship body; the wave beam waveguide combination comprises a feed source and a plurality of groups of reflector structures, and the X/Ka/S frequency band measurement and control are realized by adopting a wave beam waveguide feed mode. The beam waveguide antenna system is applied to the shipborne mobile equipment, and under the combined action of wind load and ship shaking load, the correct position and posture of each reflector can be ensured, and the performance requirements in the aspects of structural deformation, three prevention and the like are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention is applied to the fields of ocean telemetering and remote control and technical reconnaissance, and particularly relates to a shipborne telemetering multiband beam waveguide small and medium antenna structure system.
Background
In order to meet the national defense construction requirements, a set of high-precision high-frequency multi-band ocean measurement and control system is urgently needed, and an antenna structure system is one of key devices of a shipborne X/Ka/S frequency band measurement and control system and plays a decisive role in the performance of the whole measurement and control system.
In the state of the art, antennas in the form of beam waveguide feed are preferred. At present, antennas adopting a beam waveguide feed form at home and abroad are large antenna systems applied to land-based radio astronomical observation, and ocean-going ship-borne small and medium antenna systems adopting the beam waveguide feed form are blank. The present invention addresses this gap.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a ship-borne remote-measuring multi-band beam waveguide small and medium antenna structure system aiming at the blank of an ocean-going ship-borne small and medium beam waveguide feed type antenna system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the ocean-going ship-borne medium and small beam waveguide feed type antenna system is characterized in that: the antenna comprises an antenna reflector, an antenna pedestal, a transition section and a beam waveguide combination;
the antenna reflector is of a steel radiant beam type modified paraboloid of revolution structure, the reflecting panel is an independently adjustable aluminum high-precision panel, the panel precision meets the requirement of electrical indexes, and the panel structural rigidity meets the requirement of mechanical deformation and has redundancy;
the antenna pedestal adopts an azimuth pitching type structure and comprises a pitching combination, an azimuth combination and an axial angle detection device;
the pitching assembly adopts a double-support-arm structure, wherein a pitching box body is respectively connected with the left support arm and the right support arm through two rotary bearings, the rotary centers of the two rotary bearings are connected to form a pitching shaft, and the lower end surfaces of the double support arms are connected with the azimuth assembly;
the azimuth combination adopts a turntable structure and comprises an azimuth turntable, an azimuth base, an azimuth slewing bearing, an azimuth transmission mechanism and an azimuth cable winding device;
the azimuth turntable is a force transfer transition piece, the upper plane of the azimuth turntable provides an installation plane for the pitching left and right support arms and the beam waveguide support in the beam waveguide combination, the lower plane of the azimuth turntable is fixedly connected to the azimuth slewing bearing movable ring, and the center of the azimuth turntable is provided with an azimuth shaft;
the upper part of the azimuth base is provided with an azimuth slewing bearing which is fixedly connected with an azimuth slewing bearing fixed ring, and the lower part of the azimuth base is fixedly connected with the transition section; the interior of the azimuth base provides installation and signal transmission space for the wave beam waveguide combination;
the shaft angle detection device converts the rotation angles of the azimuth shaft and the pitching shaft of the antenna into electric signals and transmits the electric signals to the external servo control unit;
the transition section is connected with the azimuth base and a feed source installation cabin in the ship body;
the wave beam waveguide combination comprises a feed source and a plurality of groups of reflector structures, and the X/Ka/S frequency band measurement and control are realized by adopting a wave beam waveguide feed mode; each group of reflectors comprises a panel with a back rib and an adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the angle of the panel with the back rib and ensuring that the position precision and the reflection precision of the reflectors meet the electrical requirements; each group of emission mirrors are all arranged in a sealed protection cylinder.
Further preferred scheme, the ocean-going ship-borne medium and small-sized beam waveguide feed type antenna system is characterized in that: the antenna reflector adopts a combined structure form and comprises an antenna main surface, an antenna back frame, a secondary surface and a support adjusting mechanism;
the main surface of the antenna is divided into three circles: an inner ring, a middle ring and an outer ring; the three circles of panels are formed by splicing a plurality of single panels; the single panel adopts a rigid panel structure type and is formed by riveting a tensile skin with longitudinal ribs and circumferential ribs;
the antenna back frame comprises an antenna central body and a radiation beam; the central body of the antenna is a regular octahedron-shaped welding steel structure and is arranged in the central position of the back of the main surface of the antenna; a # -shaped frame which is provided with a shear web is arranged in the octahedron, and a closed small chamber is formed in the center of the # -shaped frame and is used for providing a feed channel; the radiation beam is arranged at the back of the main surface of the antenna and around the central body of the antenna for supporting the main surface of the antenna;
the secondary surface adopts four-support-rod cross support form, and the adjusting mechanism is installed at the top of the support rod, so that the secondary surface can be independently adjusted on three displacement degrees of freedom, and the requirement of adjusting and testing the electrical indexes of the antenna can be met.
Further preferred scheme, the ocean-going ship-borne medium and small-sized beam waveguide feed type antenna system is characterized in that: the material of the single panel component adopts LY12, and the surface precision of the single panel reaches sigma less than or equal to 0.1 r.m.s.
Further preferred scheme, the ocean-going ship-borne medium and small-sized beam waveguide feed type antenna system is characterized in that: the secondary surface is formed by spinning, and the working surface of the secondary surface is finely processed after the secondary surface is formed, so that the working surface precision sigma of the secondary surface is less than or equal to 0.1 r.m.s.
Further preferred scheme, the ocean-going ship-borne medium and small-sized beam waveguide feed type antenna system is characterized in that: the auxiliary surface supporting rods adopt welding components with rectangular cross sections, and pedal steel pipes for people to go up and down are arranged on at least one supporting rod, so that the adjusting mechanism is convenient to install.
Further preferred scheme, the ocean-going ship-borne medium and small-sized beam waveguide feed type antenna system is characterized in that: the pitching combination comprises a pitching box body, a pitching support arm, a pitching slewing bearing, a pitching rotary transformer, a pitching transmission box, a pitching buffer, a pitching limiter, a pitching locker and a pitching weight box;
the pitching box body is a box-shaped structural member welded by steel plates, and the left end surface and the right end surface are respectively connected with the left pitching support arm and the right pitching support arm through a pair of pitching rotary bearings; a through hole is formed in the middle of the left end face and the right end face of the pitching box body and serves as a through hole for the wave beam waveguide signal; the upper end surface of the pitching box body is a connecting surface with the antenna reflector, the lower end surface of the pitching box body is a connecting surface with the pitching weight box, and the bottom surface in the pitching box body is a mounting surface of the beam waveguide reflector;
the pitching support arm is divided into a pitching left support arm and a pitching right support arm which are respectively connected with the left end face and the right end face of the pitching box body through coaxial pitching rotary bearings;
the pitching transmission box inputs external power, so that the pitching box body can rotate around the pitching slewing bearing and performs signal transmission through pitching rotation;
the pitching buffer and the pitching limiter play a role in mounting and protecting the pitching motion of the pitching box body;
the pitching locker is used for locking the posture of the antenna reflector.
Further preferred scheme, the ocean-going ship-borne medium and small-sized beam waveguide feed type antenna system is characterized in that: the pitching transmission box, the pitching limiter, the pitching locking device and the pitching rotation variable fixing part are all arranged on the pitching left support arm; the outer side of the pitching left support arm is also fixedly provided with a telescope combination, and the pitching left support arm is provided with a through hole for realizing signal passing between the telescope combination and the beam waveguide combination; the pitching buffer is arranged at the inner sides of the pitching left support arm and the pitching right support arm; the upper part and the lower part of the pitching right support arm are both provided with through holes for the wave beam waveguide signals to pass through.
Further preferred scheme, the ocean-going ship-borne medium and small-sized beam waveguide feed type antenna system is characterized in that: the reflector is arranged in a sealed protection cylinder after being sprayed with zinc, heavy anti-corrosion primer and finish paint, and dry air is filled in the sealed protection cylinder at regular time.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a shipborne telemetering multiband beam waveguide small and medium antenna structure system which is mainly used for a shipborne 12-meter beam waveguide X/Ka/S multiband antenna structure system, converts the conventional ground fixed equipment into ocean-going mobile equipment, adopts special structural design and protective measures according to the requirements of ocean environment, and greatly expands the application field and the use environment of the system. The good structural design and the protection measures ensure that the equipment can work reliably in the high-temperature humid salt fog marine environment.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1: antenna structure system composition and layout;
FIG. 2: a system right view of the antenna structure;
FIG. 3: a system left view of an antenna structure;
FIG. 4: an antenna reflector structure;
FIG. 5: antenna pedestal composition and structural layout;
FIG. 6: a pitching combined structure diagram;
FIG. 7: a pitching left support arm structure diagram;
FIG. 8: a pitching right support arm structure diagram;
FIG. 9: a pitch slew bearing structure diagram;
FIG. 10: a structure diagram of a pitching box;
FIG. 11: a direction combination structure chart;
FIG. 12: a structure diagram of the azimuth turntable;
FIG. 13: a structure diagram of the azimuth base;
FIG. 14: a structure diagram of the azimuth bearing;
FIG. 15: an azimuth cable winding device;
FIG. 16: a beam waveguide combination structure diagram;
FIG. 17: the stress condition of the auxiliary reflecting surface;
FIG. 18: mirror M1 force condition;
FIG. 19: mirror M2 force condition;
FIG. 20: mirror M3 force condition;
FIG. 21: mirror M4 force condition;
FIG. 22: calculating a simplified diagram of ship-shaking related mechanics;
FIG. 23: scheme 1 of full-sealed structure;
FIG. 24: scheme 2 of full seal structure.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The embodiment is an antenna structure system in a shipborne 12-meter beam waveguide antenna X/Ka/S frequency band measurement and control system, and the main technical indexes of the antenna system are as follows:
the antenna motion parameters are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 antenna motion parameter table
Operating environment requirements
Temperature: storage temperature: -45 ℃ to +55 ℃;
working temperature (outdoor): -30 ℃ to +55 ℃;
working temperature (indoor): at +10 to +35 ℃.
Relative humidity: 95% (25 ℃).
Wind load:
working wind speed: grade 8 wind (20.9 m/s);
wind speed preservation: grade 12 wind (32.6 m/s).
Rain: meets the GJB899-90 requirement of military standard.
The equipment has the measures of lightning protection, moisture protection, mould protection, salt fog protection, shock protection, rain protection and the like.
The ship swaying related data are shown in Table 2
TABLE 2 Ship sway related data
| Item | Angle of rotation | Angular velocity (°/s) | Angular acceleration (°/s)2) |
| Roll and shake | ±5° | 1.8 | 0.8 |
| Pitching | ±2° | 0.8 | 0.6 |
| Bow swing | ±3° | 2 | 1.3 |
The geometrical relationship diagram of the wave beam waveguide is shown in figure 16, and the main technical indexes of the wave beam waveguide are
Mirror surface installation accuracy: plus or minus 1 mm.
Precision of a mirror surface shafting: 6'.
Mirror surface precision: 0.15 mm.
M1 and M4 have the same structure and opposite installation directions;
m2 and M3 have the same structure and opposite installation directions.
The mounting position and the interface of the test feed source are reserved at the focus of the mirror surface.
The key point of the embodiment is that the beam waveguide antenna system is applied to the shipborne mobile equipment, and under the combined action of wind load and ship shaking load, the correct position and posture of each reflector and the requirements of electrical performance such as structural deformation, three prevention and the like are met.
The antenna system comprises an antenna reflector, an antenna pedestal, a transition section, a beam waveguide combination and the like; the composition and layout of the antenna structure system are shown in fig. 1, and the left and right views of the antenna structure system are shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3.
The antenna reflector is a steel radiant beam type modified paraboloid of revolution structure, the reflecting panel is an independently adjustable aluminum high-precision panel, the panel precision meets the requirement of electrical indexes, and the panel structural rigidity meets the requirement of mechanical deformation and has redundancy.
The antenna reflector adopts a combined structure form and comprises an antenna main surface, an antenna back frame, a secondary surface, a support adjusting mechanism and the like; the general layout of the antenna reflector structure is shown in fig. 4.
The main surface of the antenna is divided into three circles: an inner ring, a middle ring and an outer ring; the inner ring panel is 16, the middle ring and the outer ring are 32 respectively, and the total number of the single panels is 80 to form the main reflecting surface.
The single panel adopts a rigid panel structure type and is formed by riveting a tensile skin with a longitudinal rib and a circumferential rib; LY12 is adopted as the material of the single panel component. The single panel is riveted on the special riveting tire, and the surface precision of the single panel can reach sigma less than or equal to 0.1 (r.m.s). The detection of the single panel adopts a three-coordinate measuring machine or other single panel detection methods. The general assembly detection of the main reflecting surface still adopts a longitude and latitude method, the number of detection points is 320, the positions of the detection points correspond to the adjustment points, and the general assembly and adjustment precision requirement sigma is less than or equal to 0.20 (r.m.s).
The antenna back frame comprises an antenna central body and a radiation beam; the central body of the antenna is a regular octahedron-shaped welding steel structure with an external circle of phi 3600mm and is arranged at the central position of the back of the main surface of the antenna; a # -shaped frame which is provided with a shear web is arranged in the octahedron, and a closed small chamber with the diameter of about phi 1360mm is formed in the # -shaped frame and is used for providing a feed channel; a radiating beam disposed behind said antenna major face around the antenna central body for supporting said antenna major face; in the antenna reflector structure, 16 radiation beams are adopted.
The secondary surface is formed by spinning, the caliber of the secondary surface is phi 1500mm, and the working surface of the secondary surface is finely processed after forming, so that the working surface precision sigma of the secondary surface is less than or equal to 0.1 r.m.s. The auxiliary surface adopts a four-support-rod cross support form, an adjusting mechanism is installed at the top of the support rod, and the auxiliary surface can be independently adjusted on three displacement degrees of freedom so as to meet the requirement of adjusting and testing the electrical indexes of the antenna. The auxiliary surface supporting rods adopt welding components with rectangular cross sections, and pedal steel pipes for people to go up and down are arranged on at least one supporting rod, so that the adjusting mechanism is convenient to install.
The antenna pedestal adopts an azimuth pitching type structure and comprises a pitching combination, an azimuth combination and an axial angle detection device. The antenna mount structure is shown in figure 5.
The pitching assembly adopts a double-support-arm structure, a pitching box body is respectively connected with the left support arm and the right support arm through two large-scale rotary bearings, a pitching shaft is formed by connecting the rotary centers of the two rotary bearings, and the lower end surfaces of the double support arms are connected with the azimuth assembly.
The pitching combination comprises a pitching box body, a pitching support arm, a pitching slewing bearing, a pitching rotation transformer, a pitching transmission box, a pitching buffer, a pitching limiter, a pitching locker and a pitching weight box, and is shown in figure 6.
The pitching box body is a box-shaped structural member welded by steel plates, and the left end surface and the right end surface are respectively connected with the left pitching support arm and the right pitching support arm through a pair of pitching rotary bearings; a through hole is formed in the middle of the left end face and the right end face of the pitching box body and serves as a through hole for the wave beam waveguide signal; the upper end surface of the pitching box body is a connecting surface with the antenna reflector, the lower end surface of the pitching box body is a connecting surface with the pitching weight box, and the bottom surface in the pitching box body is a mounting surface of the beam waveguide reflector; the pitch case structure is shown in fig. 10.
The pitching support arm is divided into a pitching left support arm and a pitching right support arm, plays a role of supporting the pitching movement part of the antenna, has the rigidity strength which is vital to the coaxiality of the left pitching shaft and the right pitching shaft and the shaft system precision, is a box-shaped structural member formed by welding steel plates, and is connected with the left end face and the right end face of the pitching box body through coaxial pitching rotary bearings at the inner side after combination.
The pitching transmission box, the pitching limiter, the pitching locking device and the pitching rotation variable fixing part are all arranged on the pitching left support arm; the outer side of the pitching left support arm is also fixedly provided with a telescope combination, and the pitching left support arm is provided with a through hole for realizing signal passing between the telescope combination and the beam waveguide combination; the 4 pitching buffers are arranged at the inner sides of the pitching left support arm and the pitching right support arm; the upper part and the lower part of the pitching right support arm are both provided with through holes for the wave beam waveguide signals to pass through. The pitch arm structure is shown in fig. 7 and 8.
The pitching bearing is a left large-scale crossed roller bearing and a right large-scale crossed roller bearing, the connection line of the rotation centers of the two bearings forms a pitching shaft, and the outer ring of the bearing is made into a gear to be used as the final stage of the pitching transmission system. The pitch bearing structure is shown in figure 9.
The pitching transmission box inputs external power, so that the pitching box body can rotate around the pitching slewing bearing, and signal transmission is carried out through pitching rotation.
The azimuth combination adopts a turntable structure and comprises an azimuth turntable, an azimuth base, an azimuth slewing bearing, an azimuth transmission mechanism and an azimuth cable winding device, as shown in fig. 11.
The azimuth turntable is a force transmission transition piece and adopts a double-layer structure with an upper part and a lower part, the upper plane of the azimuth turntable provides an installation plane for the pitching left and right support arms and the beam waveguide support in the beam waveguide combination, the lower plane of the azimuth turntable is connected and fixed on the movable ring of the azimuth slewing bearing, and the center of the azimuth shaft is provided with an azimuth shaft.
The upper part of the appearance of the azimuth turntable is a cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 4200mm, the width of the cuboid is 4200mm, the height of the cuboid is 470mm, the lower part of the azimuth turntable is of a cylindrical structure, the diameter of the azimuth turntable is 4100mm, the height of the azimuth turntable is 358mm, the azimuth turntable is formed by welding high-quality carbon steel plates, and the azimuth turntable has good rigidity and strength. The azimuth turret structure is shown in fig. 12.
The azimuth base is a supporting force-bearing base part of the antenna structure system, adopts a cone frustum-shaped structure, the upper part of the azimuth base is provided with an azimuth slewing bearing and is fixedly connected with an azimuth slewing bearing fixed ring, and the lower part of the azimuth base is fixedly connected with the transition section through 32M 42 bolts; azimuth base bottom diameter of
A top diameter of
4658mm high, adopt high-quality carbon steel plate assembly welding to become double-deck cavity structure, have fine rigidity, the hollow inside provides installation and signal transmission space for beam waveguide combination. The orientation base structure is shown in fig. 13.
The azimuth slewing bearing is a key bearing rotating component in the antenna pedestal structure. The bearing has enough axial bearing capacity and anti-overturning capacity, the radial and axial run-out errors of the bearing meet the requirement of shafting precision, and the bearing has stable operation and better low-speed operation characteristics. Through calculation, analysis and comparison, the basic structural size of the bearing is shown in fig. 14.
In order to realize the direction rotation of +/-355 degrees and avoid the damage of the cable, the wiring on the antenna pedestal adopts a cable winding mode. The cable winding device is arranged at the central part in the cavity of the azimuth base, the moving ring at the uppermost layer of the cable winding device is fixed on the azimuth shaft and horizontally rotates along with the azimuth shaft, a plurality of circular rings are connected and hoisted by steel chains (steel wire ropes) in the middle, each circular ring spirally moves along with the steel chains (steel wire ropes), a plurality of cable through holes are uniformly distributed in each circular ring, cables are fixed in sequence, and the cables among the circular rings are slightly longer than the steel ropes so as to avoid the stress of the cables in movement. The motion ring at the lowest layer is flexibly fixed through the guide post, so that the motion ring can only slide up and down along the guide post and cannot rotate along the azimuth axis. 4 guide posts are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and fixedly connected to the lower part of the interlayer of the azimuth base. The cable is left with a margin below to ensure that the cable is not wound when the orientation is within the range of rotation of +/-355 degrees. The cable winder is shown in fig. 15.
The shaft angle detection device converts the rotation angles of the azimuth shaft and the pitch shaft of the antenna into electric signals and transmits the electric signals to the external servo control unit to realize angle measurement and encoding.
The wave beam waveguide combination comprises a feed source and a plurality of groups of reflector structures, and the X/Ka/S frequency band measurement and control are realized by adopting a wave beam waveguide feed mode; each group of reflectors comprises a panel with a back rib and an adjusting mechanism, wherein the adjusting mechanism consists of a bracket, a spherical hinge screw and a locking device and is used for adjusting the angle of the panel with the back rib and ensuring that the position precision and the reflection precision of the reflectors meet the electrical requirements; each group of emission mirrors are all arranged in a sealed protection cylinder. The beam-waveguide combination composition and layout is shown in fig. 16.
In order to enable the antenna structure subsystem to work safely and reliably, multiple protection links are arranged in the antenna structure subsystem, and all the multiple protection links play an extremely important role in the operation of the antenna structure subsystem.
The antenna structure subsystem protection device is characterized by comprising a limiting device, wherein the limiting device is an important protection device of the antenna structure subsystem, can ensure that equipment can run safely at full speed in a working area, and can play a role in warning and decelerating in advance.
The antenna is provided with pre-limit and final limit in azimuth and elevation, the pre-limit in elevation is respectively arranged at-4 degrees and +181 degrees, and the final limit is respectively arranged at-4.5 degrees and 181.5 degrees; the azimuth preset limits are respectively arranged at-355 degrees and +355 degrees, and the final limit positions are respectively arranged at-356 degrees and 356 degrees. When the antenna rotates to the pre-limit position, the antenna driving motor is under high voltage, the antenna loses motive power when rotating, and when the antenna continuously rotates due to inertia and finally touches the final limit position switch, the antenna driving motor is powered off, the brake is used for contracting the brake, and the antenna stops moving.
And secondly, a pitching buffer is a very important protection device in the operation process of the antenna structure subsystem, when the antenna still operates at a high speed after the limiting device fails, the buffer blocks on two sides of the top of the pitching box of the antenna collide with the buffer, and the buffer absorbs all the energy of the operation of the antenna, so as to protect the safety of the antenna structure subsystem. The buffer is a variable-hole damping type hydraulic buffer, the collision between the buffer and the pitching tooth arc of the antenna is completely inelastic collision, and the hydraulic damping is increased along with the deep movement of the collision rod of the buffer so as to ensure that the movement kinetic energy of the antenna can be completely absorbed by the buffer.
The pitching locking device is arranged for storing the antenna when the antenna is protected or does not have work tasks in case of strong wind and for overhauling equipment, and when the antenna is required to be stored when the opening surface of the antenna is in a skyward state, the locking pin of the locking device is inserted into the pitching fork arm locking hole seat. The locking device has two working modes of manual operation and electric operation, and has the functions of inserting and withdrawing in-place joint control switch and indicating display, and the pitching locking device is arranged on the pitching left support arm.
The mechanical analysis and calculation of the whole antenna structure are carried out as follows, including structural deformation calculation, ship-shake related mechanical analysis calculation and focus displacement calculation:
the structure deformation calculation mainly analyzes the subreflector and the reflector:
the sub-reflecting surface is connected with a supporting and adjusting mechanism by 4M 20 screw rods, the stress condition is shown in figure 17, and the structural deformation is as follows:
the back of the reflector M1 is reinforced by a reticular rib plate to improve the structural rigidity, the reflector M1 is connected to the pitching box base plate of the antenna seat frame through a posture adjusting bracket, two side surfaces of the reflector M1 extend out of the short shafts to be matched with the left hole and the right hole of the bracket, and an adjusting screw rod is added to realize the adjustment of the pitching angle of the mirror surface. The mirror M1 is stressed as shown in fig. 18.
And (3) structural deformation calculation:
a) the total force of the pitching axis of the reflector M1 is F434.6 kg
b) Structural deformation calculation (double-fulcrum beam)
Wherein: b is 1064, l is 1214, X is 150, and d is 60.
The back of the reflector M2 is reinforced by a reticular rib plate to improve the structural rigidity, the reflector M2 is connected to a foundation plate at the outer side of the right arm of the antenna seat frame through a posture adjusting support, two side surfaces of the reflector M2 extend out of the short shafts to be matched with left and right holes of the support, and an adjusting screw rod is added to realize the adjustment of the pitching angle of the mirror surface. The mirror M2 is stressed as shown in fig. 19.
And (3) structural deformation calculation:
a) the total force of the pitching axis of the reflector M2 is F886.76 kg
b) Structural deformation calculation (double-fulcrum beam)
Wherein: 1604, 1804, 200 and 80 for b and l.
The back of the reflector M3 is reinforced by a reticular rib plate to improve the structural rigidity, the reflector M3 is connected to a foundation plate at the outer side of the right arm of the antenna seat frame through a posture adjusting support, two side surfaces of the reflector M3 extend out of the short shafts to be matched with left and right holes of the support, and an adjusting screw rod is added to realize the adjustment of the pitching angle of the mirror surface. The mirror M3 is stressed as shown in fig. 20.
And (3) structural deformation calculation:
a) the total force of the pitching axis of the reflector M3 is F566.89 kg
b) Structural deformation calculation (double-fulcrum beam)
Wherein: 1604, 1804, 200 and 80 for b and l.
The back of the reflector M4 is reinforced by a reticular rib plate to improve the structural rigidity, the reflector M4 is connected on an antenna pedestal azimuth turntable foundation plate through an attitude adjusting bracket, two side surfaces of the reflector M4 extend out of a short shaft to be matched with left and right holes of the bracket, and an adjusting screw rod is added to realize the adjustment of the pitching angle of the mirror surface. The mirror M4 is stressed as shown in fig. 21.
And (3) structural deformation calculation:
a) the total force of the pitching axis of the reflector M4 is F277.1 kg
b) Structural deformation calculation (double-fulcrum beam)
Wherein: b is 1064, l is 1214, X is 150, and d is 60.
The ship-sway related mechanics calculation is each subentry calculation performed according to ship-sway related data, and comprises calculation of inertia force, inertia load moment and the like.
The ship's roll related data are shown in table 2. And taking the earth as a reference system and the ship deck as an object, and calculating the root mean square value of the angular velocity of the ship deck as follows: 2.8 degrees/s, and calculating the mean square root value of the angular acceleration of the ship deck as follows: 1.64 DEG/s2。
The central point of the ship is 20 meters below the deck, the antenna structure system is arranged on a base 2 meters above the deck, and the antenna works at the position with the highest elevation angle of 75 degrees in a pitching mode. The calculation diagram is shown in fig. 22.
According to the ship-shaking related data, the inertia force, the inertia moment and the like of each related part of the wave beam waveguide are calculated, and the calculation process and the result are shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 Ship's rocking related mechanics calculation data and results
The ship sways to increase the moment of inertia 9807/9.8 to 1000kg · m in the pitching portion.
The focal point displacement calculation comprises the calculation of the focal point displacement of the sub-reflecting surface and the calculation of the focal point displacement of each reflecting mirror.
According to engineering experience, in an antenna beam waveguide system, the variation of the focal point of the auxiliary reflecting surface is the largest, the auxiliary reflecting surface is taken as an ideal rigid body, and under the combined action of wind load and gravity, the displacement of the auxiliary reflecting surface in the X direction is-0.022, the displacement of the auxiliary reflecting surface in the Y direction is-1.67, and the displacement of the auxiliary reflecting surface in the Z direction is-0.62, so that the spatial displacement of the focal point of the auxiliary reflecting surface is 1.78 mm.
Each reflector is installed and fixed in the antenna pedestal through an adjusting bracket, in order to simplify calculation, the reflector, the adjusting bracket and the antenna pedestal foundation can be regarded as an ideal rigid body according to engineering experience, and each structural part of the antenna pedestal is mechanically simplified to establish a mathematical model. The comprehensive load acting on the center of the pitching shaft of the antenna pedestal is as follows: the moment is 9400kgm, the transverse force is 4800kg, and the calculation is carried out by using mechanical analysis software under 4 working conditions. The calculation is divided into two parts:
1) and respectively calculating the deformation of the mounting pivot of each reflector adjusting bracket under 4 working conditions, and selecting the largest reflector adjusting bracket.
2) And calculating the variation of the focal point position of each reflector according to the space geometric relationship of each reflector.
The variation of the central position of the reflector M1 is 0.12 mm;
the variation of the central position of the reflector M2 is 3.85mm, and the variation of the focal position is 3.36 mm;
the variation of the central position of the reflector M3 is 0.05mm, and the variation of the focal position is 0.03 mm;
the change amount of the center position of the mirror M4 is 0.09 mm.
In addition, the three-proofing problem of the antenna is considered in the embodiment, wherein the three-proofing problem of the beam waveguide combination of each reflector and the adjustment support is that a full-sealing structure is adopted, each reflector and the adjustment support are installed in a relatively-sealed beam waveguide cylinder after being sprayed with zinc, heavy anti-corrosion primer and finish paint, and an inflator can be used for regularly filling dry air in the space, so that the invasion of salt mist and a humid environment is avoided, and the requirement of three-proofing is completely met. Except that the beam waveguide combination fixing part adopts a sealing structure, the part with relative rotation in azimuth and elevation has two design schemes with a full sealing structure according to the electrical requirement.
The structure form of using bearing and sealing ring between the inner and outer waveguide tubes is adopted, so that each reflector and the adjusting bracket are in relatively sealed environment, and the three-proofing requirement can be completely met. Pitch full containment solution 1 is shown in fig. 23, and the azimuth full containment solution is similar thereto. Its main advantages are small friction torque when internal and external wave guide cylinders are relatively rotated, complex structure and high cost.
Scheme 2 of full-sealing structure
The requirement of three prevention can be met by adopting a single tight ring between the inner waveguide tube and the outer waveguide tube. Pitch full containment solution 2 is shown in fig. 24, and an azimuth full containment solution is similar thereto. Its main advantages are simple structure, low cost and high friction torque when internal and external waveguide tubes are relatively rotated.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An ocean-borne medium and small-sized beam waveguide feed type antenna system is characterized in that: the antenna comprises an antenna reflector, an antenna pedestal, a transition section and a beam waveguide combination;
the antenna reflector is of a steel radiant beam type modified paraboloid of revolution structure, the reflecting panel is an independently adjustable aluminum high-precision panel, the panel precision meets the requirement of electrical indexes, and the panel structural rigidity meets the requirement of mechanical deformation and has redundancy;
the antenna reflector adopts a combined structure form and comprises an antenna main surface, an antenna back frame, a secondary surface and a support adjusting mechanism;
the main surface of the antenna is divided into three circles: an inner ring, a middle ring and an outer ring; the three circles of panels are formed by splicing a plurality of single panels; the single panel adopts a rigid panel structure type and is formed by riveting a tensile skin with longitudinal ribs and circumferential ribs;
the antenna back frame comprises an antenna central body and a radiation beam; the central body of the antenna is a regular octahedron-shaped welding steel structure and is arranged in the central position of the back of the main surface of the antenna; a # -shaped frame which is provided with a shear web is arranged in the octahedron, and a closed small chamber is formed in the center of the # -shaped frame and is used for providing a feed channel; the radiation beam is arranged at the back of the main surface of the antenna and around the central body of the antenna for supporting the main surface of the antenna;
the auxiliary surface adopts a four-support-rod cross support mode, and the top of the support rod is provided with an adjusting mechanism which can independently adjust the auxiliary surface on three displacement degrees of freedom so as to meet the requirement of adjusting and testing the electrical indexes of the antenna;
the antenna pedestal adopts an azimuth pitching type structure and comprises a pitching combination, an azimuth combination and an axial angle detection device;
the pitching assembly adopts a double-support-arm structure, wherein a pitching box body is respectively connected with the left support arm and the right support arm through two rotary bearings, the rotary centers of the two rotary bearings are connected to form a pitching shaft, and the lower end surfaces of the double support arms are connected with the azimuth assembly;
the pitching combination comprises a pitching box body, a pitching support arm, a pitching slewing bearing, a pitching rotary transformer, a pitching transmission box, a pitching buffer, a pitching limiter, a pitching locker and a pitching weight box;
the pitching box body is a box-shaped structural member welded by steel plates, and the left end surface and the right end surface are respectively connected with the left pitching support arm and the right pitching support arm through a pair of pitching rotary bearings; a through hole is formed in the middle of the left end face and the right end face of the pitching box body and serves as a through hole for the wave beam waveguide signal; the upper end surface of the pitching box body is a connecting surface with the antenna reflector, the lower end surface of the pitching box body is a connecting surface with the pitching weight box, and the bottom surface in the pitching box body is a mounting surface of the beam waveguide reflector;
the pitching support arm is divided into a pitching left support arm and a pitching right support arm which are respectively connected with the left end face and the right end face of the pitching box body through coaxial pitching rotary bearings;
the pitching transmission box inputs external power, so that the pitching box body can rotate around the pitching slewing bearing and performs signal transmission through pitching rotation;
the pitching buffer and the pitching limiter play a role in mounting and protecting the pitching motion of the pitching box body;
the pitching locker is used for locking the posture of the antenna reflector;
the pitching transmission box, the pitching limiter, the pitching locking device and the pitching rotation variable fixing part are all arranged on the pitching left support arm; the outer side of the pitching left support arm is also fixedly provided with a telescope combination, and the pitching left support arm is provided with a through hole for realizing signal passing between the telescope combination and the beam waveguide combination; the pitching buffer is arranged at the inner sides of the pitching left support arm and the pitching right support arm; the upper part and the lower part of the pitching right support arm are both provided with through holes for wave beam waveguide signals to pass through; the azimuth combination adopts a turntable structure and comprises an azimuth turntable, an azimuth base, an azimuth slewing bearing, an azimuth transmission mechanism and an azimuth cable winding device;
the azimuth turntable is a force transfer transition piece, the upper plane of the azimuth turntable provides an installation plane for the pitching left and right support arms and the beam waveguide support in the beam waveguide combination, the lower plane of the azimuth turntable is fixedly connected to the azimuth slewing bearing movable ring, and the center of the azimuth turntable is provided with an azimuth shaft;
the upper part of the azimuth base is provided with an azimuth slewing bearing which is fixedly connected with an azimuth slewing bearing fixed ring, and the lower part of the azimuth base is fixedly connected with the transition section; the interior of the azimuth base provides installation and signal transmission space for the wave beam waveguide combination;
the shaft angle detection device converts the rotation angles of the azimuth shaft and the pitching shaft of the antenna into electric signals and transmits the electric signals to the external servo control unit;
the transition section is connected with the azimuth base and a feed source installation cabin in the ship body;
the wave beam waveguide combination comprises a feed source and four groups of reflector structures, and the X/Ka/S frequency band measurement and control are realized by adopting a wave beam waveguide feed mode; each group of reflectors comprises a panel with a back rib and an adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the angle of the panel with the back rib and ensuring that the position precision and the reflection precision of the reflectors meet the electrical requirements; each group of emission mirrors are arranged in the sealed protection cylinder;
the reflector M1 is arranged on the bottom surface inside the pitching box body; the reflector M2 is arranged on a base plate above the outer side of the pitching right support arm; the reflector M3 is arranged on a base plate below the outer side of the pitching right support arm; the reflector M4 is arranged on a base plate on the upper side of the upper plane of the azimuth turntable;
the ship-sway related mechanics calculation data and results of the antenna main surface, the antenna secondary surface and the four reflectors under the ship-sway load action are as follows:
wherein the ship rolling related data are as follows:
。
2. The ocean vessel-mounted medium and small beam waveguide feed type antenna system according to claim 1, wherein: the material of the single panel component adopts LY12, and the surface precision of the single panel reaches sigma less than or equal to 0.1 r.m.s.
3. The ocean vessel-mounted medium and small beam waveguide feed type antenna system according to claim 1, wherein: the secondary surface is formed by spinning, and the working surface of the secondary surface is finely processed after the secondary surface is formed, so that the working surface precision sigma of the secondary surface is less than or equal to 0.1 r.m.s.
4. The ocean vessel-mounted medium and small beam waveguide feed type antenna system according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary surface supporting rods adopt welding components with rectangular cross sections, and pedal steel pipes for people to go up and down are arranged on at least one supporting rod, so that the adjusting mechanism is convenient to install.
5. The ocean vessel-mounted medium and small beam waveguide feed type antenna system according to claim 1, wherein: the reflector is arranged in a sealed protection cylinder after being sprayed with zinc, heavy anti-corrosion primer and finish paint, and dry air is filled in the sealed protection cylinder at regular time.
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| CN111239773B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2023-07-14 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Full-attitude adjustment test device |
| CN112599985B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2024-11-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A large radio telescope with bidirectional cable-driven pitch motion |
| CN112615132B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2024-11-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A large radio telescope with unidirectional cable-driven pitch motion |
| CN112906186B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2024-03-22 | 中国人民解放军63696部队 | On-board antenna dynamic locking calculation method |
| CN112599976B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2024-12-06 | 成都锦江电子系统工程有限公司 | A portable Ka-band continuous wave cloud and fog radar |
| CN114204244B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2024-12-10 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A beamforming antenna measurement device |
| CN114883778B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-09-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Lattice type large antenna azimuth seat frame with tower foundation |
| CN116780168B (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2024-06-21 | 浙江超联电子有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted antenna |
| CN119310731A (en) * | 2024-08-30 | 2025-01-14 | 蓝星光域(上海)航天科技有限公司 | A Kude-type high-precision turntable |
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