CN110233272A - The cold starting system of fuel cell - Google Patents
The cold starting system of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN110233272A CN110233272A CN201910548091.5A CN201910548091A CN110233272A CN 110233272 A CN110233272 A CN 110233272A CN 201910548091 A CN201910548091 A CN 201910548091A CN 110233272 A CN110233272 A CN 110233272A
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- air inlet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04335—Temperature; Ambient temperature of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04373—Temperature; Ambient temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04425—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cold starting system of fuel cell, the fuel cell includes coolant entrance and coolant outlet, the cold starting system includes regulating valve, water pump, heater and air supply pipe collection coelosis, coolant hose is distributed in the inner wall of air supply pipe collection coelosis, air supply pipe integrate it is intracavitary be provided with hydrogen circulation line and air circulation duct, hydrogen circulation line and air circulation duct are used for respectively to the fuel cell with hydrogen gas and air；Coolant outlet is connect by water pump with the entrance of the regulating valve, the first outlet of the regulating valve is connected to by the first connecting line with one end of the coolant hose, the other end of coolant hose is connected to the coolant entrance, having heaters is set on the first connecting line, and the heater is used to heat the coolant in the coolant hose.Comprehensive heating to hydrogen circulation line, air circulation duct and fuel cell may be implemented in technical solution of the present invention, and heating efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a kind of cold starting system of fuel cell.
Background technique
Fuel cell system is that a kind of hydrogen and oxygen are generated electricity by electrochemical reaction, and the system for generating water.In reality
Start and run under low temperature (such as: -30 DEG C -0 DEG C) environment in application, fuel cell system usually requires to meet.Due to fuel
Battery has the generation of water in the process of running, can all have liquid water in fuel battery inside and supply air line, work as fuel cell
The current cycle of operation after, liquid water low temperature environment will appear condensation or freeze the phenomenon that, influence under fuel cell
One subnormal starting and operation.
In the prior art, when fuel cell needs low-temperature cool starting, usually using multiple heaters to fuel cell
Gas piping (hydrogen pipeline and air pipe line) carries out independent local heating, and not only heating system is complicated, and heat loss is larger, and
And can not achieve and uniformly fuel battery inside and gas piping are heated comprehensively, cause heating efficiency low.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in order to overcome in the prior art when fuel cell needs low-temperature cool starting
The defect that cannot be efficiently comprehensively heated to fuel battery inside and gas piping provides a kind of the cold of fuel cell and opens
Dynamic system.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals:
A kind of cold starting system of fuel cell, the fuel cell include coolant entrance and coolant outlet, institute
Stating cold starting system includes regulating valve, water pump, heater and air supply pipe collection coelosis, the inner wall point of the air supply pipe collection coelosis
Be furnished with coolant hose, the air supply pipe integrate it is intracavitary be provided with hydrogen circulation line and air circulation duct, the hydrogen follows
Endless tube road and air circulation duct are used for respectively to the fuel cell with hydrogen gas and air；The coolant outlet passes through
Water pump is connect with the entrance of the regulating valve, and the first outlet of the regulating valve passes through the first connecting line and the coolant hose
One end connection, the other end of the coolant hose is connected to the coolant entrance, is provided on first connecting line
Heater, the heater are used to heat the coolant in the coolant hose.
Preferably, the regulating valve includes second outlet, the second outlet passes through the second connecting line and the cooling
Agent entrance is connected to, and radiator is provided on second connecting line, and the radiator is used for after heater closing simultaneously
And the temperature of the fuel cell be higher than preset threshold when radiate to the fuel cell.
Preferably, the outer surface of the air supply pipe collection coelosis is provided with insulating layer.
Preferably, the coolant hose is fixed on the inner wall of the air supply pipe collection coelosis with snakelike or circular concentric.
Preferably, the fuel cell further includes the first air inlet and the first gas outlet；The hydrogen circulation line packet
The first air inlet pipe, the first escape pipe and the first shunt valve are included, one end of first air inlet pipe is connected to hydrogen container, and described
The other end of one air inlet pipe is connected to by hydrogen inlet valve with first air inlet, one end of first escape pipe and described first
Gas outlet connection, the other end of first escape pipe are connected to outside air, first air inlet pipe and first outlet
Pipe is interconnected by first shunt valve, is provided with hydrogen bypass solenoid valve on first shunt valve.
Preferably, the hydrogen circulation line further includes the second shunt valve, moisture separator and hydrogen gas circulating pump, institute
The air intake for stating moisture separator connects the other end of first escape pipe, the first gas outlet of the moisture separator
One end of second shunt valve is connected, the second gas outlet of the moisture separator is connected to outside air, and described second
The hydrogen gas circulating pump is provided on shunt valve, the other end of second shunt valve is connected to first air inlet pipe, wherein
The moisture separator is for separating hydrogen and vapor.
Preferably, the fuel cell further includes the second air inlet and the second gas outlet；The air circulation duct packet
The second air inlet pipe, the second escape pipe and third shunt valve are included, one end of second air inlet pipe is connected to air compressor, institute
The other end for stating the second air inlet pipe enters heap shut-off valve by air and is connected to second air inlet, and the one of second escape pipe
End be connected to second gas outlet, the other end of second escape pipe is connected to outside air, second air inlet pipe and
Second escape pipe is interconnected by the third shunt valve, is provided with air bypass electromagnetism on the third shunt valve
Valve.
Preferably, it is characterized in that, the heater is ptc heater.
On the basis of common knowledge of the art, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can any combination to get each preferable reality of the present invention
Example.
The positive effect of the present invention is that: the present invention is by the way that hydrogen circulation line and air circulation duct to be arranged
It is integrated in air supply pipe intracavitary, integrates intracavitary inner wall in air supply pipe and coolant hose, the coolant hose, water pump, adjusting is distributed with
Valve, heater and fuel cell constitute the heating circuit of closure, and the coolant being heated by the heaters flows successively through coolant
Pipe and fuel battery inside add the comprehensive of hydrogen circulation line, air circulation duct and fuel cell to realize
Heat, heating efficiency are high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the cold starting system of fuel cell of present pre-ferred embodiments.
Fig. 2 is that a kind of air supply pipe of the cold starting system of fuel cell of present pre-ferred embodiments integrates cavity configuration signal
Figure.
Fig. 3 is a kind of coolant hose distribution schematic diagram of the cold starting system of fuel cell of present pre-ferred embodiments.
Fig. 4 is that a kind of hydrogen circulation line of the cold starting system of fuel cell of present pre-ferred embodiments is distributed signal
Figure.
Fig. 5 is that a kind of air circulation duct of the cold starting system of fuel cell of present pre-ferred embodiments is distributed signal
Figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cold starting system of fuel cell, as shown in Figure 1-3, the fuel cell 1 include coolant entrance 12 with
And coolant outlet 13, the cold starting system include regulating valve 3, water pump 2, heater 5 and air supply pipe collection coelosis 10, institute
Coolant hose 14 is distributed in the inner wall for stating air supply pipe collection coelosis 10, is provided with hydrogen circulation line in the air supply pipe collection coelosis 10
And air circulation duct, the hydrogen circulation line and air circulation duct to the fuel cell 1 for providing respectively
Hydrogen and air；The coolant outlet 13 is connect by water pump 2 with the entrance of the regulating valve 3, and the first of the regulating valve 3
Outlet is connected to by the first connecting line with one end of the coolant hose 14, the other end of the coolant hose 14 with it is described cold
But agent entrance 12 is connected to, and having heaters 5 is arranged on first connecting line, the heater 5 is for heating the coolant
Coolant in pipe 14.
Specifically, the regulating valve 3 can be three-way control valve, i.e., the described regulating valve 3 can also include second outlet.Institute
It states second outlet to be connected to by the second connecting line with the coolant entrance 12, is provided with heat dissipation on second connecting line
Device 4, the radiator 4 is for after the heater 5 closing and when the temperature of the fuel cell 1 is higher than preset threshold pairs
The fuel cell 1 radiates.
In the present embodiment, after the fuel cell can be chemically reacted hydrogen and air by gas exhaust piping 6
Tail gas is discharged into outside air.
Specifically, the heater 5 can be PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient, positive temperature system
Number) heater, the heater of the ptc heater can be by zinc-plated outer plate, stainless steel corrugated spring leaf, zinc-plated internal pressure
Plate, single layer aluminium radiating piece, fever tablet, Double-layer aluminum radiating piece, nickel-clad copper electrode terminal and high temperature plastic cement electrode sheath composition, have
The characteristic that thermal resistance is small, heat exchange efficiency is high.
The outer surface of the air supply pipe collection coelosis 10 is provided with insulating layer 9, and the thermal insulation material of the insulating layer 9 can be selected
Expanded and vitrified small ball material, aluminum silicate insulation material or phenolic foam material etc..
Preferably, the coolant hose 14 can select the bend pipe of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material, fix in snakelike form
On the inner wall of the air supply pipe collection coelosis 10, so as to effectively increase the distribution area of coolant hose 14, heating effect is improved
Rate.In addition, the coolant hose 14 can be fixed on the inner wall of the air supply pipe collection coelosis 10 in the form of concentric circles.
In the present embodiment, the coolant hose 14 can be fixed on by the air supply pipe collection coelosis 10 by positioning pin 16
On inner wall.The periphery of the air supply pipe collection coelosis 10 is provided with frame 15, and the insulating layer 9 can be bonded solid with the frame 15
It is fixed.
Referring to FIG. 4, the fuel cell 1 further includes the first air inlet 18 and the first gas outlet 17, described first into
Port 18 and the first gas outlet 17 are connected to the anode of the fuel cell.The hydrogen circulation line includes the first air inlet pipe
27, the first escape pipe 19 and the first shunt valve 22, one end of first air inlet pipe 27 are connected to hydrogen container 8, and described first
The other end of air inlet pipe 27 is connected to by hydrogen inlet valve 26 with first air inlet 18, one end of first escape pipe 19 and institute
State the connection of the first gas outlet 17, the other end of first escape pipe 19 is connected to outside air, first air inlet pipe 27 and
First escape pipe 19 is interconnected by first shunt valve 22, and hydrogen bypass is provided on first shunt valve 22
Solenoid valve 23.
Further, the hydrogen circulation line further includes that the second shunt valve 24, moisture separator 21 and hydrogen follow
Ring pump 25, the air intake of the moisture separator 21 connect the other end of first escape pipe 19, the aqueous vapor separation dress
The first gas outlet for setting 21 connects one end of second shunt valve 24, the second gas outlet of the moisture separator 21 and outer
Portion's air communication is provided with the hydrogen gas circulating pump 25, the other end of second shunt valve 24 on second shunt valve 24
It is connected to first air inlet pipe 27, wherein the moisture separator 21 is for separating hydrogen and vapor.
Further, the second gas outlet of the moisture separator 21 can be empty by last row solenoid valve 20 and outside
Gas connection.In order to optimize the integral layout of pipeline, the last row solenoid valve 20 can be connected to the gas exhaust piping 6, that is,
It says, the gas of the anode discharge of fuel cell 1 can be discharged into outside air by gas exhaust piping 6.
In order to monitor the loop condition of hydrogen in time, it is also provided in the hydrogen inlet valve 26 into heap hydrogen pressure sensor
28, it is described enter heap hydrogen pressure sensor 28 can be with the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure at real-time measurement hydrogen inlet valve 27.The one of first air inlet pipe 27
It is provided with hydrogen pressure regulating device 7 between end and the hydrogen container 8, presses regulating device 7 adjustable from the storage by the hydrogen
Hydrogen tank 8 enters the amounts of hydrogen of first air inlet pipe 27.
Referring to FIG. 5, the fuel cell further includes the second air inlet 30 and the second gas outlet 29, second air inlet
Mouth 30 and the second gas outlet 29 are connected to the cathode of the fuel cell.The air circulation duct includes the second air inlet pipe
41, one end of the second escape pipe 31 and third shunt valve 36, second air inlet pipe 41 is connected to air compressor 11, described
The other end of second air inlet pipe 41 enters heap shut-off valve 39 by air and is connected to second air inlet 30, second escape pipe
31 one end is connected to second gas outlet 29, and the other end of second escape pipe 31 is connected to outside air, and described
Two air inlet pipe 41 are interconnected with second escape pipe 31 by the third shunt valve 36, are set on the third shunt valve 36
It is equipped with air bypass solenoid valve 37.
In the present embodiment, air back pressure valve 32 is additionally provided in second escape pipe 31, the air back pressure valve 32 is used
The discharge process of gas controls in second escape pipe 31.
In order to optimize the integral layout of pipeline, the other end of second escape pipe 31 passes through exhaust apparatus 33 and the row
Air pipe 6 is connected to, that is to say, that the gas of the cathode discharge of fuel cell 1 can also be discharged into external sky by gas exhaust piping 6
Gas.
The air, which enters, is provided with the first temperature/pressure sensor 38 at heap shut-off valve 39, be provided in second air inlet pipe 41
Second temperature/pressure sensor 40, first temperature/pressure sensor 38 be used to measure air enter air at heap shut-off valve 39 temperature and
Pressure, temperature of second temperature/pressure sensor 40 for the air after measuring from air compressor 11 into the second air inlet pipe 41
And pressure.Gas pressure sensor 34 and gas temperature sensor 35, the gas are provided on second escape pipe 31
Pressure sensor 34 and gas temperature sensor 35 be used to measure respectively the gas in second escape pipe 31 pressure and
Temperature.
In a concrete application scene, for example, selecting the rated power of fuel cell (also referred to as pile) is 60kw (thousand
Watt), coolant is provided in the coolant hose, coolant can be anti-icing fluid, use the PTC heating that heating power is 10kw
Device, at this point, environment temperature is -30 DEG C.
In the application scenarios, the cold start-up method of the fuel cell are as follows:
Be first turned on water pump, and start ptc heater, control three-way control valve carry out partial circulating heating, i.e., coolant liquid from
Water pump 2 starts, and eventually passes back to water pump using fuel cell 1 by coolant hose 14 using heater 5 to regulating valve 3
2 entrance, the partial circulating pipeline is smaller, and water is small, can be by the coolant liquid in coolant hose 14 from -30 by PCT heater
DEG C it is heated to 5 DEG C or so.
Next, start to open air circulation duct, hydrogen circulation line, and successively open air bypass solenoid valve 37 with
And hydrogen bypass solenoid valve 23, air is pressed into air circulation duct using air compressor 11, it will using hydrogen gas circulating pump 25
Hydrogen in hydrogen container 8 sucks hydrogen circulation line, to complete to air circulation duct and hydrogen circulation line routinely
Purge, the purpose of purging is to prevent liquid water from entering fuel cell 1 to eliminate liquid water remaining in pipeline.When
After various kinds of sensors on pipeline starts normally to count and all kinds of valves are in normal operating condition, it can terminate purged
Journey.
Next, the anode for fuel cell 1 is passed through hydrogen, it is passed through air for cathode, the operation of fuel cell 1, which is drawn, to be downloaded to
30kw slowly opens outer circulation, the outer circulation path of coolant when the temperature of coolant reaches 50 DEG C are as follows: water pump 2- is adjusted
Valve 3- radiator 4- fuel cell 1- water pump 2, this process can be to the coolant heatings in outer circulation.
Next, closing partial circulating when coolant temperature reaches 65 DEG C, the coolant in coolant hose 14 stops stream
It is logical.Since air circulation duct and hydrogen circulation line are arranged in the air supply pipe collection coelosis 10 with insulating layer 9, thus can
To realize the heat preservation to air circulation duct and hydrogen circulation line, its rapid cooling is prevented, and be discharged from fuel cell 1
High-temperature gas can also transfer heat to the inner space of air supply pipe collection coelosis 10, thus indirectly to entering fuel cell 1
Multiple gas pipings heating, effectively prevent heat waste, saved the energy.
Next, since the heat that fuel cell 1 generates during continuous service is more and more, when the fuel electricity
The temperature in pond 1 can radiate to the fuel cell 1 by the radiator 4 when being higher than preset threshold.Furthermore it is also possible to
The overall operation temperature of control fuel cell 1 is assisted using external fan.
The cold starting system of fuel cell provided in this embodiment is by by hydrogen circulation line and air circulation duct
Be set to air supply pipe and integrate intracavitary, integrate intracavitary inner wall in air supply pipe and be distributed with coolant hose, the coolant hose, water pump,
Regulating valve, heater and fuel cell constitute the heating circuit of closure, and the coolant being heated by the heaters flows successively through cold
But agent pipe and fuel battery inside, to realize to the complete of hydrogen circulation line, air circulation duct and fuel cell
Face heating, heating efficiency are high.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that this is only
For example, protection scope of the present invention is to be defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art without departing substantially from
Under the premise of the principle and substance of the present invention, many changes and modifications may be made, but these change and
Modification each falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cold starting system of fuel cell, which is characterized in that the fuel cell includes coolant entrance and cooling
Agent outlet, the cold starting system includes regulating valve, water pump, heater and air supply pipe collection coelosis, the air supply pipe collection coelosis
Inner wall be distributed with coolant hose, the air supply pipe, which integrates, intracavitary is provided with hydrogen circulation line and air circulation duct, institute
It states hydrogen circulation line and air circulation duct is used for respectively to the fuel cell with hydrogen gas and air；
The coolant outlet is connect by water pump with the entrance of the regulating valve, and the first outlet of the regulating valve passes through first
Connecting line is connected to one end of the coolant hose, and the other end of the coolant hose is connected to the coolant entrance, institute
It states and having heaters is set on the first connecting line, the heater is used to heat the coolant in the coolant hose.
2. the cold starting system of fuel cell as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the regulating valve goes out including second
Mouthful, the second outlet is connected to by the second connecting line with the coolant entrance, is provided on second connecting line
Radiator, the radiator is for after heater closing and when the temperature of the fuel cell is higher than preset threshold pairs
The fuel cell radiates.
3. the cold starting system of fuel cell as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the appearance of the air supply pipe collection coelosis
Face is provided with insulating layer.
4. the cold starting system of fuel cell as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the coolant hose is with snakelike or same
Heart circle is fixed on the inner wall of the air supply pipe collection coelosis.
5. the cold starting system of fuel cell as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fuel cell further includes first
Air inlet and the first gas outlet；The hydrogen circulation line includes the first air inlet pipe, the first escape pipe and the first shunt valve,
One end of first air inlet pipe is connected to hydrogen container, the other end of first air inlet pipe by hydrogen inlet valve with described first into
Port connection, one end of first escape pipe be connected to first gas outlet, the other end of first escape pipe with outside
Portion's air communication, first air inlet pipe are interconnected with first escape pipe by first shunt valve, and described first
Hydrogen bypass solenoid valve is provided on shunt valve.
6. the cold starting system of fuel cell as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the hydrogen circulation line further includes
The air intake connection described first of second shunt valve, moisture separator and hydrogen gas circulating pump, the moisture separator goes out
The other end of tracheae, the first gas outlet of the moisture separator connect one end of second shunt valve, the aqueous vapor point
The second gas outlet from device is connected to outside air, is provided with the hydrogen gas circulating pump on second shunt valve, and described
The other end of two shunt valves is connected to first air inlet pipe, wherein the moisture separator is steamed for separating hydrogen and water
Gas.
7. the cold starting system of fuel cell as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fuel cell further includes second
Air inlet and the second gas outlet；The air circulation duct includes the second air inlet pipe, the second escape pipe and third shunt valve,
One end of second air inlet pipe is connected to air compressor, and the other end of second air inlet pipe enters heap shut-off valve by air
It is connected to second air inlet, one end of second escape pipe is connected to second gas outlet, second escape pipe
The other end be connected to outside air, second air inlet pipe is mutually connected with second escape pipe by the third shunt valve
It is logical, air bypass solenoid valve is provided on the third shunt valve.
8. such as the cold starting system of the described in any item fuel cells of claim 1-7, which is characterized in that the heater is
Ptc heater.
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