CN110224240A - A kind of novel aluminum line terminals - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel aluminum wire terminal, which includes a contact piece and a fixing piece. The contact piece is used for connecting an electric device. At least part of the surface of the fixing piece is provided with a transition layer for connecting the aluminum conductor core. A part or all of the surface of a part in the layer is provided with protrusions, which increase the contact area between the fixing part and the aluminum wire guide core, and increase the friction between the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire, thereby preventing the aluminum wire from detaching Aluminum wire terminal; and the protrusion also increases the conductive bump of the aluminum wire terminal, which enhances the conductive effect; moreover, a conductive sealant is provided on at least part of the surface of one part of the fixing piece, the transition layer, and the guide core, which can seal the The connection part between the fixing piece, the transition layer and the aluminum wire guide core is sealed and protected, so that the connection area between the fixing piece, the transition layer and the aluminum wire is not corroded by moisture and salt spray, thereby prolonging the life of the aluminum wire terminal service life.

Description

A new type of aluminum wire terminal

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical connection, in particular to a novel aluminum wire terminal.

Background technique

At present, cable lightweight has become a research hotspot in the field of electrical connection technology. In the field of traditional electrical connection technology, the materials of terminal blocks and cable conductors are copper or copper alloy. On the one hand, the copper mining reserves make the price of copper continue to rise and eventually lead to an increase in the cost of cables. On the other hand, , The high mass of copper itself also limits the realization of lightweight cables.

For this reason, conductive materials such as aluminum and aluminum alloys, which have relatively large storage capacity and relatively light weight, are used as cable conductor materials to reduce the weight of the cable. However, due to the large electrode potential difference between copper and aluminum, when the copper terminal is directly connected to the conductor of the aluminum cable, under the action of air and water, electrochemical corrosion will occur between the copper and aluminum, and the conductor of the aluminum cable is easily Corrosion leads to an increase in the contact resistance of the copper-aluminum connection area, which in turn has serious consequences in the electrical connection, such as functional failure of the electrical connector, fire, etc.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an aluminum wire terminal with high reliability and safety when connected to an aluminum wire.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new type of aluminum wire terminal, which has high reliability when connected to the aluminum wire.

In order to solve the above problems, the content of the technical solution adopted in the present invention is specifically as follows:

A new type of aluminum wire terminal, including a fixing piece and a contact piece, the contact piece is used to connect an electrical device, at least part of the surface of the fixing piece is provided with a transition layer for connecting the aluminum wire guide core, at least the fixing piece 1. Protrusions are provided on part or all of the surface of a component in the transition layer.

Further, at least part of the surface of one of the fixing member, the transition layer and the guide core is provided with conductive sealant.

Further, the conductive sealant includes colloid and conductive substances added to the colloid, and the material of the colloid at least includes thermoplastic polymer materials or thermosetting polymer materials or rubber-like polymer materials or composite polymer materials. The conductive substance contains at least one of conductive metal powder, conductive alloy powder or conductive non-metallic powder.

Further, the area of the conductive sealant accounts for at least 1% of the surface area of the fixing member.

Further, the protrusion is a corrugated structure, a zigzag structure, a pit-like structure, a spike-like structure, an inverted tooth-like structure or a net-like structure.

Further, the vertical distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the protrusion is 0.01mm-12mm.

Further, the projected area of the protrusion on the surface of the fixing member accounts for at least 1% of the surface area of the fixing member.

Further, the contact piece and the fixing piece are integrally formed; or, the contact piece and the fixing piece are connected together by one or more methods of welding, crimping, riveting or threading .

Further, the thickness of the transition layer is 0.01 μm-1100 μm.

Further, the area of the transition layer accounts for at least 1% of the surface area of the fixing member.

Further, the transition layer is formed by electroplating or arc spraying or plasma spraying or high velocity flame spraying or combustion flame spraying or supersonic spraying or explosive welding or hot dipping or electroless plating or coating or sputtering spraying or laser sintering or vacuum sputtering formed by plating.

Further, the fixing member is a plate-shaped structure or a U-shaped opening-shaped structure or a ring-shaped structure or a cylindrical structure or a bowl-shaped structure or a hollow polygonal structure.

Further, an anti-corrosion protective layer is provided on at least part or all of the surface of one of the fixing piece, the contact piece and the transition layer.

Furthermore, the thickness of the anti-corrosion protection layer is 0.01 μm-1100 μm.

Furthermore, the anti-corrosion protective layer is formed by electroplating or arc spraying or plasma spraying or high-velocity flame spraying or combustion flame spraying or supersonic spraying or explosive welding or hot dipping or chemical plating or coating or sputtering spraying or laser sintering Or formed by vacuum sputtering.

Preferably, the material of the anti-corrosion protection layer contains one or more of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver or gold.

Preferably, the material of the transition layer contains one or more of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, silver or gold.

Preferably, the material of the contact piece and the fixing piece is copper or copper alloy.

More preferably, the material of the contact piece and the fixing piece is copper alloy, and the content of copper element is not less than 50wt%.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The aluminum wire terminal is provided with a protrusion on at least part or all of the surface of one part of the fixing part and the transition layer. On the one hand, the protrusion increases the connection between the fixing part, the transition layer and the aluminum The contact area between the wire guide cores increases the friction between the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire, thereby preventing the aluminum wire from detaching from the aluminum wire terminal, so that the aluminum wire terminal is connected to the aluminum wire The electrical connector has better mechanical properties; on the other hand, the protrusions increase the conductive bumps of the aluminum wire terminal, enhance the conductive effect, and also destroy the oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum wire guide core, so that The fixing part is in direct contact with the conductive part of the aluminum wire guide core, so as to improve the electrical performance of the electrical joint made of the aluminum wire terminal and the wire.

2. In addition to the integrally formed structure, the contact piece and the fixing piece can also be connected together by one or more methods of welding, crimping, riveting or threaded connection, so that it is convenient for people to use according to actual needs. Make terminals of different shapes.

3. The fixing member is a plate-like structure or a U-shaped opening-like structure or a ring-shaped structure or a cylindrical structure or a bowl-shaped structure or a hollow polygonal structure, and different aluminum wire terminals can be prepared according to the actual connection requirements with the aluminum wire.

4. The surface of the fixing member is provided with a transition layer for connecting the guide core of the aluminum wire. The transition layer can reduce the potential difference between copper and aluminum, and greatly slow down the electric potential difference between the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire. Chemical corrosion, thereby prolonging the service life of the electrical joint made of the aluminum wire terminal and the wire.

5. At least part of the surface of one part of the fixing piece, the transition layer, and the guide core is provided with a conductive sealant, so that when the fixing piece, the transition layer and the aluminum wire guide core are connected, the conductive sealant can Sealing and protecting the connection between the fixing piece, the transition layer and the aluminum wire guide core, so that the connection will no longer be corroded by moisture and salt spray, thereby prolonging the length of the connection between the aluminum wire terminal and the wire. The service life of the completed electrical connector. And the conductive substance in the conductive sealant makes the electrical connection between the transition layer and the aluminum wire guide core closer, improving the electrical performance of the electrical joint made of the aluminum wire terminal and the wire .

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, and to implement it according to the contents of the description, and to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable , the following particularly preferred embodiments, and with the accompanying drawings, are described in detail as follows.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an aluminum wire terminal when the fixing part is a flat structure and the protrusion is a mesh structure;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an aluminum wire terminal when the fixing part is a U-shaped opening structure and the protrusion is a corrugated structure;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an aluminum wire terminal when the fixing part is a cylindrical structure and the protrusion is a corrugated structure;

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an aluminum wire terminal when the fixing part is a hollow polygonal structure and the protrusion is a corrugated structure;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an aluminum wire terminal when the fixing part is a bowl-shaped structure and the protrusion is a corrugated structure;

Figure 10 is a sectional view of Figure 9;

Wherein, the reference numerals among Fig. 1-Fig. 10 are explained as follows:

1. Contact piece; 2. Fixing piece; 3. Protrusion; 4. Conductive sealant.

Detailed ways

In order to further elaborate the technical means adopted by the present invention to achieve the desired invention purpose, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, the specific implementation, structure and features according to the present invention are described in detail as follows:

As shown in Figures 1 to 10 is the new aluminum wire terminal of the present invention, which includes a fixing piece 2 and a contact piece 1, the contact piece 1 is used to connect an electrical device, at least part of the fixing piece 2 The surface is provided with a transition layer for connecting the aluminum wire guide core, and at least part or all of one part of the fixing piece 2 or the transition layer is provided with protrusions 3 on the surface.

On the one hand, the protrusion 3 increases the contact area between the fixing member 2, the transition layer and the aluminum wire guide core, increases the friction between the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire, thereby preventing the aluminum wire from By being separated from the aluminum wire terminal, the electrical joint formed by connecting the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire has better mechanical properties.

On the other hand, the protrusion 3 increases the conductive bumps of the aluminum wire terminal, enhances the conductive effect, and also destroys the oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum wire guide core, so that the fixing member 2 and the The conductive part of the aluminum wire guide core is in direct contact, improving the electrical performance of the electrical joint made of the aluminum wire terminal and the wire.

As a preferred embodiment, the aluminum wire terminal is provided with a conductive sealant 4 on at least a part of the surface of one of the fixing member 2 , the transition layer and the guide core.

Because the conductive sealant 4 has good extensibility and tightness, when the fixing part 2, the transition layer and the aluminum wire guide core are connected, when the fixing part 2, the transition layer and the aluminum wire guide core After the connection, the conductive sealant 4 can seal and protect the connection between the fixing part 2, the transition layer and the aluminum wire guide core, so that the connection will no longer be corroded by moisture and salt spray, thereby extending the The service life of the electrical joint made of the aluminum wire terminal and the wire is extended. And the conductive substance in the conductive sealant 4 makes the electrical connection between the transition layer and the aluminum wire guide core closer, improving the electrical connection between the aluminum wire terminal and the electrical joint made of the wire. performance.

As a preferred embodiment, the conductive sealant 4 includes a colloid and a conductive substance added to the colloid, and the material of the colloid at least includes a thermoplastic polymer material or a thermosetting polymer material or a rubber-like polymer material or One of the composite polymer materials, the conductive substance contains at least one of conductive metal powder, conductive alloy powder or conductive non-metallic powder.

Specifically, the thermoplastic polymer materials include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyoxymethylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, acrylic plastics, other polyolefins and their copolymers, polysulfone, poly Phenyl ether etc.; Described thermosetting macromolecule material comprises phenolic, epoxy, amino, unsaturated polyester and silicon ether resin etc.; Described rubber polymer material comprises natural rubber, general-purpose rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, Silicone rubber, cis-butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, neoprene, etc.; the composite polymer material is the combination of the above three polymer materials and other substances with different compositions, shapes, and properties. A multi-phase solid material, which includes a reinforcing agent and a matrix material, wherein: the reinforcing agent is a fiber and fabric with high strength, high modulus, and temperature resistance, such as glass fiber, silicon nitride whisker, boron fiber, etc. The base material is mainly an adhesive with a bonding effect, such as thermosetting resins such as unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, polyimides, and thermoplastic resins such as styrene and polypropylene.

In specific use: (1) Since the thermoplastic polymer material can soften or melt into any shape under a certain temperature condition, and the shape does not change after cooling, when the aluminum wire terminal is applied in a relatively complicated and relatively high temperature When the environment is low, the material of the colloid is a thermoplastic polymer material; (2) due to the chemical change of the thermosetting polymer material after heating, it gradually hardens and forms, and it will not soften or dissolve when heated again. Therefore, when the aluminum When the wire terminal needs to be installed in an environment with relatively fixed position, relatively small vibration and large temperature difference, the material of the colloid is a thermosetting polymer material; (3) the rubber polymer material is a high elastic polymer material with reversible deformation , full of elasticity at a certain temperature, therefore, when the aluminum wire terminal is applied in an impact-prone environment, the material of the colloid is a rubber-like polymer material; (4) the composite polymer material has high strength, Light weight, temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, heat insulation, insulation and other properties, which can adjust the performance of the material according to actual needs. Therefore, according to the different use environments of the aluminum wire terminal, the material of the colloid is a composite polymer material.

Specifically, the conductive metal powder is copper metal powder or aluminum metal powder or zinc metal powder or tin metal powder or nickel metal powder or silver metal powder or gold metal powder or titanium metal powder; the conductive alloy powder is copper alloy powder Or aluminum alloy powder or zinc alloy powder or tin alloy powder or nickel alloy powder or silver alloy powder or gold alloy powder or titanium alloy powder, etc.; the conductive non-metallic powder includes graphite powder, carbon powder, conductive ceramic powder, etc.

Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum wire terminal, in this embodiment, the colloid is a thermoplastic polymer material, and the conductive substance is copper powder.

As a preferred embodiment, the area of the conductive sealant 4 accounts for at least 1% of the surface area of the fixing part 2 .

In order to understand the influence of the ratio of the area of the conductive sealant 4 to the surface area of the fixing member 2 on the performance of the aluminum wire terminal, the inventors based on different ratios of the area of the conductive sealant 4 to the surface area of the fixing member 2 Prepare the aluminum wire terminal, then connect the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire guide core to form an electrical joint, and conduct a series of mechanical and electrical tests on it. The specific test results are shown in Table 1:

Influence of the ratio of the area of the conductive sealant in Table 1 to the surface area of the fixture on the performance of the electrical connector

In this embodiment, the criteria for judging the mechanical and electrical properties of the electrical joint are: pull-out force > 200N and voltage drop ≤ 0.5mV. It can be seen from this that when the area of the conductive sealant 4 occupies the 2. When the ratio of the surface area is less than 1%, the pull-out force of the electrical connector drops sharply, the voltage drop rises sharply, and the mechanical and electrical performance requirements of the electrical connector cannot be met.

Therefore, in the present invention, the area of the conductive sealant 4 accounts for at least 1% of the surface area of the fixing member 2 .

As a preferred embodiment, the protrusion 3 is a corrugated structure, a zigzag structure, a pit-like structure, a spike-like structure, an inverted tooth-like structure, or a net-like structure.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the fixing member 2 is a flat plate structure, and the protrusion 3 is a mesh structure; or, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the fixing member 2 is a U type opening structure, the protrusion 3 is a corrugated structure; or, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the fixing member 2 is a cylindrical structure, and the protrusion 3 is a corrugated structure; or, as As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the fixing member 2 is a hollow polygonal structure, and the protrusion 3 is a corrugated structure; or, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the fixing member 2 is a bowl-shaped structure, The protrusion 3 is a corrugated structure; alternatively, the fixing member 2 is a ring structure.

As a preferred embodiment, the vertical distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the protrusion 3 is 0.01mm-12mm.

In order to understand the influence of the vertical distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the protrusion 3 on the performance of the aluminum wire terminal, the inventor prepared aluminum wire terminals with different vertical distances from the protrusion 3, and then combined the aluminum wire terminal with the The aluminum wires were connected into electrical joints, and a series of mechanical and electrical tests were performed on them. The specific test results are shown in Table 2:

Influence of the vertical distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the protrusion described in Table 2 on the performance of the electrical connector

In this embodiment, the criteria for judging the mechanical and electrical properties of the electrical connector are: pull-out force > 200N and voltage drop ≤ 0.5mV. When the vertical distance is less than 0.01mm, the pull-out force of the electrical connector will drop sharply, and the voltage drop will rise sharply, which cannot meet the mechanical and electrical performance requirements of the electrical connector, and will lead to functional failure of the electrical connector in severe cases.

When the vertical distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the protrusion 3 is greater than 12mm, the pulling force of the electrical connector drops sharply, and the voltage drop rises sharply, which cannot meet the mechanical and electrical performance requirements of the electrical connector. Because the greater the vertical distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the protrusion 3, the greater the internal stress on the aluminum wire terminal, when subjected to the external pulling force, the side wall of the aluminum wire terminal Under the action of internal stress, the crimping firmness is insufficient, resulting in a decrease in the pull-out force. Therefore, in the present invention, the vertical distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the protrusion 3 is 0.01mm-12mm.

As a preferred embodiment, the projected area of the protrusion 3 on the surface of the fixing member 2 accounts for at least 1% of the surface area of the fixing member 2 .

In order to understand the influence of the ratio of the projected area of the protrusion 3 on the surface of the fixing member 2 to the surface area of the fixing member 2 on the performance of the aluminum wire terminal, the inventor prepared 2 The projected area of the surface accounts for the aluminum wire terminal with different ratios of the surface area of the fixing part 2, and then the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire are connected to form an electrical joint. The inventor has carried out a series of mechanical and electrical experiments, and the specific test results are shown in the table 3 shows:

Influence of the ratio of the projected area of the protrusion on the surface of the fixture to the surface area of the fixture in Table 3 on the performance of the electrical connector

In this embodiment, the criteria for judging the mechanical and electrical properties of the electrical connector are: pull-out force > 200N and voltage drop ≤ 0.5mV. It can be seen from this that when the projection of the protrusion 3 on the surface of the fixing member When the ratio of the area to the surface area of the fixing member 2 is less than 1%, the pulling force of the aluminum wire terminal drops sharply, and the voltage drop rises sharply, which cannot meet the mechanical and electrical performance requirements;

In the present invention, the projected area of the protrusion 3 on the surface of the fixing member 2 accounts for at least 1% of the surface area of the fixing member 2 .

As a preferred embodiment, the contact piece 1 and the fixing piece 2 are integrally formed; or, the contact piece 1 and the fixing piece 2 are connected by welding or crimping or riveting or threading. One or several ways are connected together so that the aluminum wire terminal has better mechanical properties and electrical properties, which is convenient for people to make terminals of different shapes according to actual use requirements.

As a preferred embodiment, the transition layer has a thickness of 0.01 μm-1100 μm.

In order to understand the influence of the thickness of the transition layer on the performance of the aluminum wire terminal, the inventors prepared aluminum wire terminals with transition layers of different thicknesses, then connected the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire to form an electrical joint, and carried out a series of The mechanical and electrical experiments, the specific experimental results are shown in Table 4:

Table 4 Effect of the thickness of the transition layer on the performance of electrical joints

In this embodiment, the criteria for judging the mechanical and electrical properties of the electrical connector are: pullout force > 200N and voltage drop ≤ 0.5mV, it can be seen that after 48 hours of salt spray test, when the When the thickness of the transition layer is less than 0.01 μm and greater than 1100 μm, the pull-out force of the electrical joint decreases significantly, and the voltage drop increases significantly, which cannot meet the mechanical and electrical performance requirements of the electrical joint.

Therefore, in the present invention, the transition layer has a thickness of 0.01 μm-1100 μm.

As a preferred implementation manner, the area of the transition layer accounts for at least 1% of the surface area of the fixing member 2 .

In order to understand the influence of the ratio of the area of the transition layer to the surface area of the fixing member 2 on the performance of the aluminum wire terminal, the inventors prepared aluminum alloys with different ratios of the area of the transition layer to the surface area of the fixing member 2. Then connect the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire to form an electrical joint, and conduct a series of mechanical and electrical experiments. The specific test results are shown in Table 5:

Influence of the ratio of the area of the transition layer in table 5 to the surface area of the fixture on the performance of the electrical connector

In this embodiment, the criteria for judging the mechanical and electrical properties of the electrical connector are: pull-out force > 200N and voltage drop ≤ 0.5mV. It can be seen from this that when the area of the transition layer occupies 2 When the ratio of the surface area is less than 1%, the pulling force of the aluminum wire terminal drops sharply, the voltage drop rises sharply, and the mechanical and electrical performance requirements of the electrical connector cannot be met.

Therefore, in the present invention, the area of the transition layer accounts for at least 1% of the surface area of the fixing member 2 .

As a preferred embodiment, in order to quickly and stably form the transition layer, the transition layer is formed by electroplating or arc spraying or plasma spraying or high-velocity flame spraying or combustion flame spraying or supersonic spraying or explosive welding or hot-dip coating or Formed by electroless plating or coating or sputtering spraying or laser sintering or vacuum sputtering.

Electroplating is the process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on some metal surfaces using the principle of electrolysis.

Arc spraying uses an electric arc to heat the sprayed material, and the heated material forms molten or semi-molten particles, which impact and deposit on the surface of the substrate at a certain speed to form a sprayed coating with certain characteristics.

Plasma spraying is an arc formed by compressing the free arc to make the energy more concentrated and the gas fully ionized. The principle of plasma spraying is the same as that of arc spraying technology, except that the heating source is changed to a plasma arc, which can process metal materials with higher melting points.

High-velocity flame spraying is to continuously burn combustion-supporting gas and combustion gas in the combustion chamber. The burning flame generates high pressure in the combustion chamber and generates high-speed flame flow through the expansion nozzle connected to the outlet of the combustion chamber. The spray material is sent into the high-speed jet to be heated, A method of accelerating spraying onto a pretreated substrate surface to form a coating. Acetylene, propane, propylene, hydrogen, etc. can be used as gas, and liquid fuels such as diesel or kerosene can also be used. High-velocity flame spraying technology is suitable for metal materials with low melting point.

Combustion flame spraying refers to the use of the high temperature of the gas combustion flame to melt the spray material (wire or powder) and spray it onto the surface of the workpiece with a compressed air flow to form a coating. Flame spraying is suitable for metallic materials with very low melting points.

Supersonic spraying technology uses compressed gas to generate supersonic airflow through zoom-type Lava tubes, and sends powder into the supersonic airflow in the axial direction to form a gas-solid two-phase flow, which hits the substrate in a completely solid state after acceleration, resulting in Larger plastic deformation deposits on the surface of the substrate to form a coating.

Explosion welding refers to the method of welding by using the impact force generated by the explosion of explosives to cause the workpiece to collide rapidly. This kind of welding is to use the shock wave when the explosive explodes, so that the metal is hit by high speed and combined in a very short metallurgical process.

Hot-dip plating is a method in which a base metal is immersed in another low-melting point metal in a molten state to form a metal protective film on its surface. Hot-dip coating is generally suitable for metals with low melting points, such as zinc or aluminum.

Electroless plating is a method that does not require electricity, and based on the principle of redox reaction, uses a strong reducing agent in a solution containing metal ions to reduce metal ions to metal and deposit them on the surface of various materials to form a dense coating.

Coating is to cover a layer of material on the surface of the substrate by dipping, spraying or spin coating.

Sputtering spraying is to accelerate the charged ions through the electric field, and then hit the anti-corrosion protection layer material, so that the atoms of the anti-corrosion protection layer material are separated at a higher speed, and carry enough kinetic energy to reach the connecting element.

Laser sintering, the technology of sintering powder compacts with laser as heat source. Due to the low concentration and penetrating power of the laser beam, it is suitable for sintering of small area and thin sheet products. It is easy to sinter together powder or flake compacts of different composition than the matrix.

Vacuum sputtering, in a vacuum environment, introduces an appropriate inert gas as a medium, and accelerates the impact of the inert gas on the target, so that the atoms on the surface of the target are knocked out, and a coating is formed on the surface.

As a preferred embodiment, the fixing member 2 is a flat plate structure or a U-shaped opening structure or an annular structure or a cylindrical structure or a bowl-shaped structure or a hollow polygonal structure, wherein the annular structure includes an annular Open structure and ring closed structure.

As a preferred embodiment, an anti-corrosion protective layer is provided on at least part or all of the surface of one of the fixing member 2, the contact member 1, and the transition layer, which can better protect the fixing member 2, The contact piece 1 and the transition layer are not corroded by the external environment, thereby prolonging the service life of the copper-aluminum terminal.

It should be noted that no anti-corrosion protection layer is provided in the area where the transition layer is connected to the aluminum wire guide core

As a preferred embodiment, the anti-corrosion protection layer has a thickness of 0.01 μm-1100 μm.

In order to understand the influence of the thickness of the anti-corrosion protection layer on the performance of the aluminum wire terminal, the inventor prepared aluminum wire terminals with different thicknesses of the anti-corrosion protection layer, and then connected the aluminum wire terminal and the aluminum wire to form an electrical joint, and A series of mechanical and electrical experiments were carried out, and the specific test results are shown in Table 6:

The impact of the thickness of the anti-corrosion protective layer described in table 6 on the performance of the electrical connector

In this embodiment, the criteria for judging the mechanical and electrical properties of electrical connectors are: pull-out force > 200N and voltage drop ≤ 0.5mV. It can be seen from this that after 48 hours of salt spray test, when the anti-corrosion When the thickness of the corrosion protection layer is less than 0.01 μm and greater than 1100 μm, the pull-out force of the electrical joint decreases significantly, the voltage drop increases significantly, and the mechanical and electrical properties cannot be well satisfied.

Therefore, in the present invention, the thickness of the anti-corrosion protection layer is 0.01 μm-1100 μm.

As a preferred embodiment, in order to quickly and stably form the anti-corrosion protective layer, the anti-corrosion protective layer is formed by electroplating or arc spraying or plasma spraying or high-velocity flame spraying or combustion flame spraying or supersonic spraying or explosive welding or Formed by hot dipping or electroless plating or coating or sputtering spraying or laser sintering or vacuum sputtering.

As a preferred implementation, in this embodiment, at least part of the surface of the contact piece 1 and the fixing piece 2 is provided with metallic nickel as an anti-corrosion protective layer, and at least part of the surface of the transition layer is provided with metallic nickel as an anti-corrosion layer. Corrosion protection layer. In other embodiments, the material of the anti-corrosion protection layer contains one or more of cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver or gold.

In order to understand the influence of the material of the anti-corrosion protection layer on the performance of the aluminum wire terminal, the inventors connected the aluminum wire terminals with anti-corrosion protection layer of different materials and without anti-corrosion protection layer to the aluminum wire terminals of the same wire diameter respectively. Aluminum wires were made into electrical joints, and a series of mechanical and electrical tests were carried out on the electrical joints. The specific test results are shown in Table 7:

The impact of the material of the anti-corrosion protective layer described in table 7 on the performance of the electrical connector

In this example, the criteria for judging the mechanical and electrical properties of electrical connectors are: pullout force > 200N and voltage drop ≤ 0.5mV. It can be seen from this that after 48 hours of salt spray test, when there is no corrosion When the protective layer is removed, the pull-out force of the electrical connector decreases significantly, and the voltage drop increases significantly, which cannot better meet the mechanical and electrical performance requirements of the electrical connector; when there is an anti-corrosion protective layer, the electrical connector can meet electrical requirements. performance and mechanical properties, and the anti-corrosion protective layer is made of one or more of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver or gold.

As a preferred embodiment, the material of the transition layer contains one or more of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, silver or gold.

It should be noted that the transition layer is selected from a metal material with a potential between copper and aluminum, or a metal material with very stable electrochemical performance, and one or more metal materials in the above metals are used as the transition layer. When between the fixing part 2 and the aluminum wire, the potential difference between copper and aluminum can be reduced, and the electrochemical corrosion between copper and aluminum can be greatly slowed down, thereby prolonging the service life of the aluminum wire terminal.

As a preferred embodiment, the material of the contact piece 1 and the fixing piece 2 is copper or copper alloy. This is because among the commonly used conductive metals in nature, the conductivity of copper is second only to silver. Therefore, currently most The conductor materials of terminals and wires in some electrical connections are all made of copper, but because pure copper is soft and has poor mechanical properties, in the present invention, the materials of the contact piece 1 and the fixing piece 2 are Copper alloy, and the content of copper element is not less than 50wt%, this is because if the content of copper element is less than 50wt%, the resistance of the aluminum wire terminal will be greater than the rated value of the conductor, under the normal operating current of the car, so that all The above-mentioned aluminum wire terminal will continue to heat up, and in severe cases, it will cause the insulation skin of the cable to burn, and even cause the car to burn.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention. Scope of protection claimed.

Claims (19)

1. a kind of novel aluminum line terminals, it is characterised in that: including contact and fixing piece, the contact is used for connection Denso It sets, at least partly surface of the fixing piece is provided with the transition zone that core is led for connecting aluminum conductor, at least described fixing piece, mistake It crosses in layer and is provided with protrusion on some or all of component surface.

2. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least in the fixing piece, transition zone, lead in core one The part of the surface of component is provided with Conductive sealant.

3. aluminum steel terminal as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the Conductive sealant includes colloid and addition in institute State the conductive materials in colloid, the material of the colloid at least contain thermoplastic macromolecule material or thermoset macromolecule material or One of rubber high molecular material or composite polymer material, the conductive materials at least contain conductive metal powder or One kind of electrical conductivity alloy powder or conductive non-metallic powder.

4. aluminum steel terminal as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the area of the Conductive sealant at least accounts for the fixation The 1% of part surface area.

5. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the protrusion be wave structure or laciniation or Pit shape structure or spininess structure or set one's teeth on edge shape structure or reticular structure.

6. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: vertical between the highest point and the lowest point of the protrusion Distance is 0.01mm-12mm.

7. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: projected area of the protrusion on the fixing piece surface At least account for the 1% of the fixing piece surface area.

8. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: what the contact and the fixing piece were integrally formed Structure；It one or more of welds alternatively, the contact passes through with the fixing piece or crimps or rivet or be threadedly coupled Mode links together.

9. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the transition zone with a thickness of 0.01 μm -1100 μm.

10. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the area of the transition zone at least accounts for the fixing piece The 1% of surface area.

11. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the transition zone is by plating or electric arc spraying or waits Plasma spray or high speed flame spraying or combustion flame spraying or supersonic spray coating or explosion weldering or hot-dip or chemical plating or painting Cover or sputter spraying or laser sintered or vacuum splashing and plating mode formed.

12. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fixing piece is plate-like structure or U opening shape Structure or ring structure or cylinder-like structure or bowl structure or hollow polygon shape structure.

13. aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: at least in the fixing piece, contact, transition zone Some or all of component surface on be provided with corrosion protective layer.

14. aluminum steel terminal as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that: the corrosion protective layer with a thickness of 0.01 μm- 1100μm。

15. aluminum steel terminal as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that: the corrosion protective layer passes through plating or electric arc spray Painting or plasma spraying or high speed flame spraying or combustion flame spraying or supersonic spray coating or explosion weldering or hot-dip or chemistry Plating or coating or sputtering spraying or laser sintered or vacuum splashing and plating mode are formed.

16. aluminum steel terminal as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that: the material of the corrosion protective layer contain nickel, cadmium, One or more of zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminium, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver or gold.

17. the aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1-16 any one, it is characterised in that: the material of the transition zone contains One or more of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, manganese, aluminium, tin, titanium, zinc, silver or gold.

18. the aluminum steel terminal as described in claim 1-16 any one, it is characterised in that: the contact and the fixing piece Material be copper or copper alloy.

19. aluminum steel terminal as claimed in claim 18, it is characterised in that: the material of the contact and the fixing piece is copper Alloy, and the content of copper is not less than 50wt%.