CN110220873B - 一种fitc标记壳聚糖荧光浆料的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料的制备方法。制备步骤包括:将壳聚糖粉末分散于稀乙酸水溶液中,待完全溶解后,加入等体积的甲醇,再加入FITC甲醇溶液,在避光处充分搅拌,调节pH至7~8,使FITC标记壳聚糖产物析出,用甲醇/水混合溶剂反复洗涤并离心去除杂质;得到的FITC标记壳聚糖用稀乙酸水溶液溶解,再在蒸馏水中透析,真空冷冻干燥后可得FITC标记壳聚糖浆料。本发明制备工艺简单,得到的FITC标记壳聚糖浆料具有良好的荧光效应,对比一般检测规程,利用该浆料上浆后的纱线,仅需采用荧光显微镜替代普通光学显微镜即可准确测定壳聚糖浆液的浸透率、被覆率和浆膜完整率,解决了纺织浆料领域壳聚糖浆液浸透性和被覆性的测定难问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织浆纱性能检测用改性壳聚糖浆料技术领域,具体涉及一种FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料的制备方法。
背景技术
经纱上浆是织造生产过程中一个至关重要的工序,我国纺织工人常称之为“老虎口”,国外的纺织学术界也曾评论:“浆纱一分钟,布机一个班”。上浆是织前准备的必要工序之一,其目的正是为了赋予经纱抵御外部复杂机械力学作用(如拉伸、摩擦)的能力,提高经纱的可织性,保障制造过程顺利进行,几乎所有的短纤纱和长丝都需经过上浆加工。经纱上浆时,吸附在纱线上的浆液会分成两个部分,一部分被覆在纱线的表面形成浆膜,另一部分则浸透到纱线的内部。上浆工艺要求浆液能吸附于纱体周围,兼具浸透与被覆,这是提升浆纱质量、节约浆料用量的重要保证,若浆液的浸透和被覆比例控制不当,就会对后道织造产生严重的影响。
浆纱切片的横截面从外到内由3部分构成:浆膜、浆纱的已浸透部分及未浸透部分(见浆纱切片截面示意图,即图1)。目前,纺织行业内对浆液的浸透性和被覆性测试一般是通过先行制作浆纱切片(厚度≤20μm),再将切片浸入显色剂着色,用普通光学显微镜观察着色后切片的表面形貌,然后用显微镜投影仪、面积积分仪或剪纸称重(以绘制纸张的重量替代面积)测算出浆液的浸透率、被覆率和浆膜完整率三个指标,其计算方法分别由公式(1)、(2)、(3)及示意图所示:
A=(S-S2)/S×100%=(G-G2)/G×100% (1)
式(1)中,A:浸透率,S:原纱的截面积,S2:浆纱未被浸透部分的截面积,G:绘制原纱截面的纸张重量,G2:绘制浆纱未被浸透部分截面的纸张重量。
B=(S1-S)/S×100%=(G1-G)/G×100% (2)
式(2)中,B:被覆率,S:原纱的截面积,S1:浆纱的截面积,G:绘制原纱截面的纸张重量,G1:绘制浆纱截面的纸张重量。
F=Σαi/360°×100% (3)
式(3)中,F:浆膜完整率,αi:各处浆膜所包围原纱的角度。
目前给浆纱切片着色的显色剂主要只有两种:碘-碘化钾和碘-硼酸试剂,分别用于两种主要纺织浆料——淀粉和PVA浆纱的着色。壳聚糖作为一种重要的生物基纺织浆料,现有的浆纱质量评定方法却并未提供对应的显色剂,由此导致无法测定壳聚糖浆液的浸透性和被覆性。FITC(异硫氰酸荧光素)是一种常用的荧光标记试剂,其量子产率高,有较好的光稳定性和低温度系数,被广泛用于蛋白质检测、免疫荧光技术及DNA序列分析等。然而,目前尚未见有FITC标记荧光壳聚糖产物在浆纱质量检测领域内应用的研究报道。因此,针对壳聚糖基产品,开发一种FITC标记的具有良好荧光特性的检测用改性壳聚糖浆料对壳聚糖浆液浸透性、被覆性测定难问题的解决具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料的制备方法,以获得用于壳聚糖基浆料浆液浸透性和被覆性测定的具有良好荧光效应的改性壳聚糖材料。
本发明的FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料的制备方法,步骤如下:
1)将壳聚糖粉末分散于0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液中,配制成1.0~3.0%(wt%)的壳聚糖溶液,再加入等体积的甲醇,室温下充分搅拌混合均匀;
2)在步骤1)得到的壳聚糖溶液中加入0.050~0.20mL的2.0mg/mL的FITC甲醇溶液,室温下于避光处反应2~4h后,用0.20mol/L的NaOH溶液将反应体系pH值调节至7~8,使FITC标记壳聚糖产物析出;
3)将步骤2)的析出产物置于离心管内10000rpm离心15min,反复用体积比为7:3的甲醇/水混合溶剂洗涤、离心多次,再用0.1mol/L乙酸水溶液将FITC标记壳聚糖产物溶解;
4)将步骤3)得到的FITC标记壳聚糖溶液置于透析袋中,利用蒸馏水于避光处透析72h,将透析后产物冷冻干燥后即可得到FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明采用稀酸溶剂制备壳聚糖溶液,通过在充分搅拌的条件下加入不同物质的量的荧光分子FITC调节壳聚糖的取代度,在反应体系中加入NaOH溶液后使得FITC标记壳聚糖析出,再经洗涤、离心、透析去除杂质及残留溶剂,通过真空冷冻干燥的方式制得FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料。可通过调节加入FITC的量来调控壳聚糖的取代度,从而实现对FITC标记壳聚糖浆料荧光强度的可控调节,使之适应于壳聚糖浆液的浸透性和被覆性测定。
附图说明
图1是浆纱切片截面示意图;
图2是FITC标记荧光壳聚糖浆料浆纱切片在荧光显微镜下的照片(a)蓝光激发下和(b)明场下(浸透率:35.52%,被覆率:36.02%,浆膜完整率:74.44%)。
具体实施方式
以下结合实例进一步说明本发明。下述实例中采用的壳聚糖的脱乙酰度为60%~100%,分子量为50000~800000。
实施例1:
1)将壳聚糖粉末分散于0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液中,配制成1.0%(wt%)的壳聚糖溶液,再加入与乙酸水溶液等体积的甲醇,室温下充分搅拌混合均匀;
2)在步骤1)得到的壳聚糖溶液中加入0.050mL的2.0mg/mL的FITC甲醇溶液,室温下于避光处反应2h后,用0.20mol/L的NaOH溶液将反应体系pH值调节至7~8,使FITC标记壳聚糖产物析出;
3)将步骤2)的析出产物置于离心管内10000rpm离心15min,反复用体积比为7:3的甲醇/水混合溶剂洗涤、离心5次,再用0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液将FITC标记壳聚糖产物溶解;
4)将步骤3)得到的FITC标记壳聚糖溶液置于透析袋中,利用蒸馏水于避光处透析72h,将透析后产物冷冻干燥后即可得到FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料。
实施例2:
1)将壳聚糖粉末分散于0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液中,配制成3.0%(wt%)的壳聚糖溶液,再加入等体积的甲醇,室温下充分搅拌混合均匀;
2)在步骤1)得到的壳聚糖溶液中加入0.20mL的2.0mg/mL的FITC甲醇溶液,室温下于避光处反应4h后,用0.20mol/L的NaOH溶液将反应体系pH值调节至7~8,使FITC标记壳聚糖产物析出;
3)将步骤2)的析出产物置于离心管内10000rpm离心15min,反复用体积比为7:3的甲醇/水混合溶剂洗涤、离心5次,再用0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液将FITC标记壳聚糖产物溶解;
4)将步骤3)得到的FITC标记壳聚糖溶液置于透析袋中,利用蒸馏水于避光处透析72h,将透析后产物冷冻干燥后即可得到FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料。
实施例3:
1)将壳聚糖粉末分散于0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液中,配制成1.0%(wt%)的壳聚糖溶液,再加入等体积的甲醇,室温下充分搅拌混合均匀;
2)在步骤1)得到的壳聚糖溶液中加入0.10mL的2.0mg/mL的FITC甲醇溶液,室温下于避光处反应3h后,用0.20mol/L的NaOH溶液将反应体系pH值调节至7~8,使FITC标记壳聚糖产物析出;
3)将步骤2)的析出产物置于离心管内10000rpm离心15min,反复用体积比为7:3的甲醇/水混合溶剂洗涤、离心5次,再用0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液将FITC标记壳聚糖产物溶解;
4)将步骤3)得到的FITC标记壳聚糖溶液置于透析袋中,利用蒸馏水于避光处透析72h,将透析后产物冷冻干燥后即可得到FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料。
实施例4:
1)将壳聚糖粉末分散于0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液中,配制成1.0%(wt%)的壳聚糖溶液,再加入等体积的甲醇,室温下充分搅拌混合均匀;
2)在步骤1)得到的壳聚糖溶液中加入0.15mL的2.0mg/mL的FITC甲醇溶液,室温下于避光处反应3.5h后,用0.20mol/L的NaOH溶液将反应体系pH值调节至7~8,使FITC标记壳聚糖产物析出;
3)将步骤2)的析出产物置于离心管内10000rpm离心15min,反复用体积比为7:3的甲醇/水混合溶剂洗涤、离心5次,再用0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液将FITC标记壳聚糖产物溶解;
4)将步骤3)得到的FITC标记壳聚糖溶液置于透析袋中,利用蒸馏水于避光处透析72h,将透析后产物冷冻干燥后即可得到FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料。
表1不同FITC投料浓度下FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料的标记率
备注:标记率指接枝到壳聚糖荧光浆料分子链上的FITC与壳聚糖基质的质量比。
Claims (2)
1.一种FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将壳聚糖粉末分散于0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液中,配制成1.0~3.0%(wt%)的壳聚糖溶液,再加入等体积的甲醇,室温下充分搅拌混合均匀;
2)在步骤1)得到的壳聚糖溶液中加入0.050~0.20mL的2.0mg/mL的FITC甲醇溶液,室温下于避光处反应2~4h后,用0.20mol/L的NaOH溶液将反应体系pH值调节至7~8,使FITC标记壳聚糖产物析出;
3)将步骤2)的析出产物置于离心管内10000rpm离心15min,反复用体积比为7:3的甲醇/水混合溶剂洗涤、离心多次,再用0.10mol/L乙酸水溶液将FITC标记壳聚糖产物溶解;
4)将步骤3)得到的FITC标记壳聚糖溶液置于透析袋中,利用蒸馏水于避光处透析72h,将透析后产物冷冻干燥后即可得到FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种FITC标记壳聚糖荧光浆料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的壳聚糖的脱乙酰度为60%~100%,分子量为50000~800000。
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