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CN110220454A - A kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanisms - Google Patents

A kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanisms Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110220454A
CN110220454A CN201910479567.4A CN201910479567A CN110220454A CN 110220454 A CN110220454 A CN 110220454A CN 201910479567 A CN201910479567 A CN 201910479567A CN 110220454 A CN110220454 A CN 110220454A
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coordinate
coordinate system
value
point
motion module
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CN110220454B (en
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巴晓甫
乔顺成
王新峰
李振阳
侣胜武
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Xian Aircraft Industry Group Co Ltd
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Xian Aircraft Industry Group Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/002Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
    • G01B11/005Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates coordinate measuring machines

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

This application discloses a kind of pose scaling methods of three coordinate locating mechanisms, three coordinate locating mechanisms include X to motion module, Y-direction motion module, Z-direction motion module, product locator module, and the grating scale parallel with each motion module, it is characterized in that target point is placed in the end of three coordinate locating mechanisms, target point under the various positions state of three coordinate locating mechanisms is measured by laser tracker measuring system.

Description

A kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanisms
Technical field
This application involves the pose calibration techniques of three coordinate locating mechanisms in aircraft assembly, are particularly suitable for restructural three and sit Mark the pose calibration of positioning mechanism.
Background technique
Aircraft rigger skill includes the processes such as positioning, guarantor's type, clamping, wherein crucially positioning process, positioning it is accurate Whether be directly related to the assembling quality of aircraft.
The positioning of aircraft product is usually realized by three coordinate locating mechanisms, and three coordinate locating mechanisms are a kind of Modularization along tri- mutually perpendicular direction linear motions of XYZ, positioning accuracy height, reliable operation supports positioning unit.
Three coordinate locating mechanisms will realize the accurate positionin to aircraft product, first have to three coordinate locating mechanisms of calibration and flying Pose under machine coordinate system, traditional scaling method is: dividing in X in motion module, Y-direction motion module and Z-direction motion module Not She Zhi 3 non-colinear OTP points, pass through Precision Machining mode, it is ensured that OTP point and the guide rail of all directions motion module have Accurate size relationship measures 3 OTP points in each motion module by laser tracker to be fitted the motion module guide rail Direction, and then demarcate the pose of the three coordinate locating mechanism coordinate systems that are made of each guide rail relative to aircraft axes, should Scaling method includes following process:
1. the OTP spot hole of processing precise, in OTP point quantity at least 12, including three motion modules of locator each 3 and End 3.
2. using number at least 24 times of laser tracker measurement OTP point, including originating 12 measurements of pose and terminating 12 measurements of pose.
3. being fitted the seat of motion module by the coordinate value and relative dimensions (size of OTP point and guide rail) of 3 OTP points Parameter line.
For fixed dedicated three coordinate locating mechanism, above method process is more, comparatively laborious, there are biggish fittings Error;For general restructural three coordinate locating mechanism, due to needing frequent pose calibration, in addition to the above drawbacks, also The problems such as it is high that there are pose calibration costs, and the period is long, it would therefore be highly desirable to which finding one kind fast and accurately demarcates three Counterbalanced coordinate positioning machines The method that structure is especially restructural three coordinate locating mechanisms pose.
Summary of the invention
The pose that restructural three coordinate locating mechanism is especially to improve three coordinate locating mechanisms demarcates efficiency, reduces calibration Cost has invented a kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanisms.
A kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanisms, three coordinate locating mechanisms include X to motion module, Y-direction motion module, Z-direction motion module, product locator module, and the grating scale parallel with each motion module, target point are set In the end of three coordinate locating mechanisms, by laser tracker measuring system under the various positions state of three coordinate locating mechanisms Target point measures, detailed process the following steps are included:
Three coordinate locating mechanisms are placed on horizontal plane by step 1;
Step 2 establishes three coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system PCoordinate system:
After 2-1 X is returned to zero to motion module, Y-direction motion module, Z-direction motion module, X is to, Y in three coordinate locating mechanisms It is set as 0 to the physical location of, Z-direction grating scale;
Target point on three coordinate locating mechanism ends is set P by 2-2Coordinate systemOrigin, the X of three coordinate locating mechanisms is to setting It is set to PCoordinate systemX-axis, Y-direction is set as PCoordinate systemY-axis, Z-direction is set as PCoordinate systemZ axis, target point is in PCoordinate systemCoordinate are as follows: [0 0 0]{P}
Step 3 establishes aircraft axes ACoordinate system:
3-1 is arranged in the horizontal plane for establishing ACoordinate systemMark point group;Mark point group quantity is no less than 3, and any 3 Point cannot be conllinear.
3-2 successively measures mark point group with laser tracker, obtains mark point group in laser tracker coordinate system LCoordinate systemUnder Each point coordinate value;
3-3 transfers label point group in ACoordinate systemTheoretical coordinate value;
3-4 is according to the L for identifying point groupCoordinate systemCoordinate value and ACoordinate systemCoordinate value establishes the L of mark point groupCoordinate systemCoordinate value mapping To ACoordinate systemThe transformation relation of coordinate value, to establish aircraft axes ACoordinate system
Step 4 measures three coordinate locating mechanisms using internal grating scale and external laser tracker measuring system respectively and moves Target point coordinate in the process, calibrates three coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system PCoordinate systemRelative to aircraft axes ACoordinate systemPose.
For 4-1 when three coordinate locating mechanisms are in " 0 " position, target point is relative to PCoordinate systemCoordinate value are as follows: [0 0 0]{P}
4-2 laser tracker measurement target drone point obtains when " 0 " position target point in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x0 y0 z0]{A}
4-3 is by the X of three coordinate locating mechanisms to motion module along PCoordinate systemThe mobile X value of X-direction after, it is fixed, Current location is denoted as " 1 " position, current location numerical value is read by grating scale, obtains when " 1 " position target point in PCoordinate systemCoordinate It is worth [X 0 0]{P}
4-4 laser tracker measurement target drone point obtains when " 1 " position target point in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x1 y1 z1]{A}
4-5 is by the Y-direction motion module of three coordinate locating mechanisms along PCoordinate systemThe mobile Y value of Y-direction after, it is fixed, Current location is denoted as " 2 " position, current location numerical value is read by grating scale, obtains when " 2 " position target point in PCoordinate systemCoordinate It is worth [X Y 0]{P}
4-6 laser tracker measurement target drone point obtains when " 2 " position target point in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x2 y2 z2]{A}
4-7 is by the Z-direction motion module of three coordinate locating mechanisms along PCoordinate systemThe mobile Z value of Z-direction after, it is fixed, Current location is denoted as " 3 " position, current location numerical value is read by grating scale, obtains when " 3 " position target point in PCoordinate systemCoordinate It is worth [X Y Z]{P}
4-8 laser tracker measurement target drone point obtains when " 3 " position target point in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x3 y3 z3]{A}
Tri- coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system P of 4-9Coordinate systemRelative to aircraft axes ACoordinate systemPoseIt is resolved by following expressions:
Tri- coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system P of 4-10Coordinate systemRelative to aircraft axes ACoordinate systemPose calibration it is as follows: PCoordinate system's Origin is in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value be [M N P], PCoordinate systemX-axis and ACoordinate systemThe angle of X-axis bePCoordinate systemY Axis and ACoordinate systemThe angle of Y-axis bePCoordinate systemZ axis and ACoordinate systemThe angle of Z axis be
Compared with traditional pose scaling method, advantage has the pose scaling method:
1) target spot hole accurate one by one need to be only processed on three coordinate locating mechanism ends, for installing target, phase Than 12 traditional precision OTP spot hole, manufacturing cost is reduced.
2) only had 4 times using the number of laser tracker measurement target drone point, compared to the measurement of 24 times traditional OTP points, contracting Short pose scalar period, also reduces use cost.
3) it directlys adopt measured coordinate value calibration pose and improves pose mark compared to traditional Fitting Coordinate System axis Fixed precision.
For the regular calibration demand of restructural locator, its advantage is that obviously.
Attached drawing is described in further detail the application with reference to embodiments:
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram when three coordinate locating mechanisms are in " 0 " position
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram when locator is in " 1 " position
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram when locator is in " 2 " position
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram when locator is in " 3 " position
Explanation: 1, three coordinate locating mechanism is numbered in figure;2, target point;3, three coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system PCoordinate system;4, Identify point group;5, aircraft axes ACoordinate system;6, laser tracker;7, laser tracker coordinate system LCoordinate system;8, horizontal plane;10, X to Motion module;11, Y-direction motion module;12, Z-direction motion module;13, product orientation mechanism;14, X is to grating scale;15, Y-direction light Grid ruler;16, Z-direction grating scale;17, measuring head;18, positioning surface;19, product orientation point
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figs 1-4, a kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanisms, wherein three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 include X To motion module 10, Y-direction motion module 11, Z-direction motion module 12, product locator module 13 and X to grating scale 14, Y-direction light Grid ruler 15, Z-direction grating scale 16, target point 2 are placed in the end of three coordinate locating mechanisms 1, pass through laser tracker measuring system pair Target point 2 measures under the various positions state of three coordinate locating mechanisms 1, detailed process the following steps are included:
Three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 are placed on horizontal plane 8 by step 1;
Step 2 establishes three coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system PCoordinate system3:
After 2-1 X is returned to zero to motion module 10, Y-direction motion module 11, Z-direction motion module 12, in three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 X to, Y-direction, the physical location of Z-direction grating scale be set as 0;
Target point 2 on three coordinate locating mechanisms, 1 end is set P by 2-2Coordinate systemOrigin, the X of three coordinate locating mechanisms to It is set as PCoordinate systemX-axis, Y-direction is set as PCoordinate systemY-axis, Z-direction is set as PCoordinate systemZ axis, target point is in PCoordinate systemCoordinate are as follows: [0 0 0]{P}
Step 3 establishes aircraft axes ACoordinate system5:
3-1 is arranged in the horizontal plane for establishing ACoordinate systemMark point group 4;Mark 4 quantity of point group is no less than 3, and appoints Anticipate 3 points cannot be conllinear.
3-2 successively measures mark point group with laser tracker 6, obtains mark point group 4 in laser tracker coordinate system LCoordinate system7 Lower each point coordinate value;
3-3 transfers label point group 4 in ACoordinate systemTheoretical coordinate value;
3-4 is according to the L for identifying point group 4Coordinate systemCoordinate value and ACoordinate systemCoordinate value establishes the L of mark point group 4Coordinate systemCoordinate value reflects It is mapped to ACoordinate systemThe transformation relation of coordinate value, to establish aircraft axes ACoordinate system5。
Step 4 measures three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 using internal grating scale and external laser tracker measuring system respectively and transports 2 coordinate of target point during dynamic, calibrates three coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system PCoordinate system3 relative to aircraft axes ACoordinate system5 Pose.
For 4-1 when three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 are in " 0 " position, target point 2 is relative to PCoordinate systemCoordinate value are as follows: [0 00 ]{P}
4-2 6 measurement target drone point 2 of laser tracker obtains when " 0 " position target point 2 in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x0 y0 z0]{A}
4-3 is by the X of three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 to motion module 10 along PCoordinate systemThe mobile X value of X-direction after, it is fixed not It is dynamic, current location is denoted as " 1 " position, current location numerical value is read to grating scale 14 by X, target point exists when obtaining " 1 " position PCoordinate systemCoordinate value [X 0 0]{P}
4-4 6 measurement target drone point 2 of laser tracker obtains when " 1 " position target point 2 in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x1 y1 z1]{A}
4-5 is by the Y-direction motion module 11 of three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 along PCoordinate systemThe mobile Y value of Y-direction after, it is fixed not It is dynamic, current location is denoted as " 2 " position, current location numerical value is read by Y-direction grating scale 15, target point exists when obtaining " 2 " position PCoordinate systemCoordinate value [X Y 0]{P}
4-6 6 measurement target drone point 2 of laser tracker obtains when " 2 " position target point 2 in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x2 y2 z2]{A}
4-7 is by the Z-direction motion module 12 of three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 along PCoordinate systemThe mobile Z value of Z-direction after, it is fixed not It is dynamic, current location is denoted as " 3 " position, current location numerical value is read by Z-direction grating scale 16, target point 2 when " 3 " position is obtained and exists PCoordinate systemCoordinate value [X Y Z]{P}
4-8 6 measurement target drone point 2 of laser tracker obtains when " 3 " position target point 2 in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x3 y3 z3]{A}
Tri- coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system P of 4-9Coordinate systemRelative to aircraft axes ACoordinate systemPoseIt is resolved by following expressions:
Tri- coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system P of 4-10Coordinate systemRelative to aircraft axes ACoordinate systemPose calibration it is as follows: PCoordinate system's Origin is in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value be [M N P], PCoordinate systemX-axis and ACoordinate systemThe angle of X-axis bePCoordinate systemY Axis and ACoordinate systemThe angle of Y-axis bePCoordinate systemZ axis and ACoordinate systemThe angle of Z axis be
The rigidity of three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 has control to require, in handling, transport, installation process, three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 deflection is not more than 0.01mm.The stability of three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 also has control to require, the X of three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 When being moved in stroke range to motion module 10, Y-direction motion module 11, Z-direction motion module 12, three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 Maximum displacement is not more than 0.005mm.
Target point 2 contains target and target seat, and target is the included attachment of laser tracker 6, containing for reflection laser Sphere and foot piece for fixing, target seat contains circular hole and positioning surface 18, and target is inserted into target seat, and target point 2 is pacified In the product orientation mechanism 13 of three coordinate locating mechanisms 1, it is desirable that target point 2 and product orientation point 19 have accurate and stablize Positional relationship.
Mark point group 4 contains but is not limited to landmark point or TB point or ERS point, and the quantity of mark point group 4 is no less than 3 It is a, and any 3 points cannot be conllinear, identification point need to be arranged in the horizontal plane 8 that rigidity is sufficiently strong, is unlikely to deform and is subjected to displacement or In structure, mark point group 4 need to include three coordinate locating mechanisms 1 in horizontal plane 8 or platform in the projection of horizontal plane 8 or platform Projection.
Optical path requirements between measuring head 17 on laser tracker 6 and target point 2 are unblocked, and laser tracker 6 begins Target point 2 can be detected eventually.
The rigidity of horizontal plane 8 has control to require, horizontal before and after carrying locator 1, laser tracker 6 and operator The deflection in face 8 is not more than 0.005mm.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanisms, three coordinate locating mechanisms include X to motion module, Y To motion module, Z-direction motion module, product locator module, and the grating scale parallel with each motion module, it is characterised in that Target point is placed in the end of three coordinate locating mechanisms, by laser tracker measuring system to the various positions of three coordinate locating mechanisms Target point under state is set to measure, detailed process the following steps are included:
Three coordinate locating mechanisms are placed on horizontal plane by step 1;
Step 2 establishes three coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system PCoordinate system:
Step 3 establishes aircraft axes ACoordinate system:
Step 4 measures three coordinate locating mechanism motion processes using internal grating scale and external laser tracker measuring system respectively In target point coordinate, calibrate three coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system PCoordinate systemRelative to aircraft axes ACoordinate systemPose.
2. a kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step Rapid 2, specifically includes the following steps:
After 2-1 X is returned to zero to motion module, Y-direction motion module, Z-direction motion module, in three coordinate locating mechanisms X to, Y-direction, Z-direction The physical location of grating scale is set as 0;
Target point on three coordinate locating mechanism ends is set P by 2-2Coordinate systemOrigin, the X of three coordinate locating mechanisms is to being set as PCoordinate systemX-axis, Y-direction is set as PCoordinate systemY-axis, Z-direction is set as PCoordinate systemZ axis, target point is in PCoordinate systemCoordinate are as follows: [0 0 0]{P}
3. a kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step Rapid 3, specifically includes the following steps:
3-1 is arranged in the horizontal plane for establishing ACoordinate systemMark point group;
3-2 successively measures mark point group with laser tracker, obtains mark point group in laser tracker coordinate system LCoordinate systemLower each point Coordinate value;
3-3 transfers label point group in ACoordinate systemTheoretical coordinate value;
3-4 is according to the L for identifying point groupCoordinate systemCoordinate value and ACoordinate systemCoordinate value establishes the L of mark point groupCoordinate systemCoordinate value is mapped to ACoordinate systemThe transformation relation of coordinate value, to establish aircraft axes ACoordinate system
4. a kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanism according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the mark Know point group quantity and be no less than 3, and any 3 points cannot be conllinear.
5. a kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step Rapid 4, specifically includes the following steps:
For 5-1 when three coordinate locating mechanisms are in " 0 " position, target point is relative to PCoordinate systemCoordinate value are as follows: [0 0 0]{P}
5-2 laser tracker measurement target drone point obtains when " 0 " position target point in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x0 y0 z0]{A}
5-3 is by the X of three coordinate locating mechanisms to motion module along PCoordinate systemThe mobile X value of X-direction after, it is fixed, will work as Front position is denoted as " 1 " position, reads current location numerical value by grating scale, obtains when " 1 " position target point in PCoordinate systemCoordinate value [X 0 0]{P}
5-4 laser tracker measurement target drone point obtains when " 1 " position target point in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x1 y1 z1]{A}
5-5 is by the Y-direction motion module of three coordinate locating mechanisms along PCoordinate systemThe mobile Y value of Y-direction after, it is fixed, will work as Front position is denoted as " 2 " position, reads current location numerical value by grating scale, obtains when " 2 " position target point in PCoordinate systemCoordinate value [X Y 0]{P}
5-6 laser tracker measurement target drone point obtains when " 2 " position target point in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x2 y2 z2]{A}
5-7 is by the Z-direction motion module of three coordinate locating mechanisms along PCoordinate systemThe mobile Z value of Z-direction after, it is fixed, will work as Front position is denoted as " 3 " position, reads current location numerical value by grating scale, obtains when " 3 " position target point in PCoordinate systemCoordinate value [X Y Z]{P}
5-8 laser tracker measurement target drone point obtains when " 3 " position target point in ACoordinate systemCoordinate value: [x3 y3 z3]{A}
Tri- coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system P of 5-9Coordinate systemRelative to aircraft axes ACoordinate systemPoseIt is resolved by following expressions:
Tri- coordinate locating mechanism coordinate system P of 5-10Coordinate systemRelative to aircraft axes ACoordinate systemPose calibration it is as follows: PCoordinate systemOrigin In ACoordinate systemCoordinate value be [M N P], PCoordinate systemX-axis and ACoordinate systemThe angle of X-axis bePCoordinate systemY-axis with ACoordinate systemThe angle of Y-axis bePCoordinate systemZ axis and ACoordinate systemThe angle of Z axis be
6. a kind of pose scaling method of three coordinate locating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the target Punctuate includes target and target seat, and target is used cooperatively for reflection laser and with target seat, and target seat is placed on determining for product On bit architecture.
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