CN110212777A - The control circuit and control method for cascading circuit of reversed excitation, cascading circuit of reversed excitation - Google Patents
The control circuit and control method for cascading circuit of reversed excitation, cascading circuit of reversed excitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110212777A CN110212777A CN201910534063.8A CN201910534063A CN110212777A CN 110212777 A CN110212777 A CN 110212777A CN 201910534063 A CN201910534063 A CN 201910534063A CN 110212777 A CN110212777 A CN 110212777A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种级联反激电路、级联反激电路的控制电路和控制方法，级联反激电路包括变压器、第1～n开关管、第1～n电容和续流二极管，变压器的第1～n绕组和第1～n开关管串联，分别组成第1～n串联电路，第1～n串联电路依次顺序串联，第1～n电容分别和第1～n串联电路并联，母线的高电压端经过变压器的第一绕组连接到第一开关管的第一端，第一开关管的第二端连接到第一电容的低电压端；母线的低电压端连接到第n串联电路；变压器的副边绕组经过续流二极管连接到负载。通过级联反激电路，不需要使用LDO，从而提高系统效率。
The invention discloses a cascaded flyback circuit, a control circuit and a control method of the cascaded flyback circuit. The cascaded flyback circuit includes a transformer, first to n switch tubes, first to n capacitors and freewheeling diodes, and the transformer The 1st to n windings and the 1st to n switching tubes are connected in series to form the 1st to n series circuits respectively, the 1st to n series circuits are connected in series in sequence, the 1st to n capacitors are respectively connected in parallel with the 1st to n series circuits, and the busbar The high-voltage end of the transformer is connected to the first end of the first switching tube through the first winding of the transformer, and the second end of the first switching tube is connected to the low-voltage end of the first capacitor; the low-voltage end of the bus bar is connected to the nth series circuit ; The secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the load through the freewheeling diode. By cascading the flyback circuit, no LDO is needed, thus improving the system efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力电子技术领域，具体涉及一种级联反激电路、级联反激电路的控制电路和控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a cascaded flyback circuit, a control circuit and a control method for the cascaded flyback circuit.
背景技术Background technique
在现有技术中，交流输入经过整流桥得到母线电压，母线经过反激电路给负载供电。在有些应用场合，母线电压会高达1200V，而主开关管的耐压一般为800-900V，因此会在整流桥后面通过钳位电路再连接到反激电路，请参考图1所示。当输入为1200V时，钳位电路上会有几百伏的压降，从而有比较大的损耗，造成系统效率低下。In the prior art, the AC input passes through a rectifier bridge to obtain a bus voltage, and the bus supplies power to a load through a flyback circuit. In some applications, the bus voltage will be as high as 1200V, and the withstand voltage of the main switch is generally 800-900V, so it will be connected to the flyback circuit through the clamp circuit behind the rectifier bridge, please refer to Figure 1. When the input is 1200V, there will be a voltage drop of several hundred volts on the clamping circuit, resulting in relatively large losses, resulting in low system efficiency.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种级联反激电路，所述级联反激电路包括变压器、第1～n开关管、第1～n电容和续流二极管，变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管串联，分别组成第1～n串联电路，所述第1～n串联电路依次顺序串联，所述第1～n电容分别和所述第1～n串联电路并联，母线的高电压端经过变压器的第一绕组连接到第一开关管的第一端，第一开关管的第二端连接到第一电容的低电压端；母线的低电压端连接到第n串联电路；变压器的副边绕组经过所述续流二极管连接到负载；其中，n为大于等于2的自然数。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a cascaded flyback circuit, the cascaded flyback circuit includes a transformer, the 1st to n switch tubes, the 1st to n capacitors and the freewheeling diode, the first to n of the transformer The n windings are connected in series with the first to n switching tubes to form the first to n series circuits respectively, the first to n series circuits are connected in series sequentially, and the first to n capacitors are connected in series with the first to n respectively The circuits are connected in parallel, the high voltage end of the bus is connected to the first end of the first switching tube through the first winding of the transformer, the second end of the first switching tube is connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor; the low voltage end of the bus is connected to The nth series circuit; the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the load through the freewheeling diode; wherein, n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.
作为可选，所述级联反激电路还包括第1～n二极管，所述第1～n二极管、所述变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管分别串联。Optionally, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 1-n diodes, and the 1-n diodes, the 1-n windings of the transformer, and the 1-n switch tubes are respectively connected in series.
作为可选，所述级联反激电路还包括分压电路和控制电路，所述分压电路连接在所述母线的高电压端和低电压端之间，所述控制电路接收所述分压电路的输出电压和第1～n电容电压，并且根据所述分压电路的输出电压以及所述第1～n电容电压，控制所述第1～n开关管的其中一个开关管工作在反激电路的工作状态，控制其余开关管关断。Optionally, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes a voltage divider circuit and a control circuit, the voltage divider circuit is connected between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus, and the control circuit receives the divided voltage The output voltage of the circuit and the voltages of the first to n capacitors, and according to the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit and the voltage of the first to n capacitors, one of the switch tubes of the first to n switches is controlled to work in the flyback The working state of the circuit controls the other switching tubes to be turned off.
作为可选，所述分压电路包括第1～n电阻，所述第1～n电阻依次顺序串联，所述第一电阻连接到母线的高电压端，所述第n电阻连接到母线的低电压端，所述控制电路接收所述第1～n电阻公共节点电压；或者所述分压电路包括2*n-2个电阻，在所述第1～n电容中，每两个相邻的电容的高电位和低电位之间并联两个串联的电阻，所述控制电路接收所述两个串联的电阻的公共节点电压。Optionally, the voltage divider circuit includes 1-n resistors, the 1-n resistors are connected in series sequentially, the first resistor is connected to the high voltage end of the bus bar, and the n-th resistor is connected to the low voltage terminal of the bus bar. Voltage terminal, the control circuit receives the common node voltage of the 1st to n resistors; or the voltage divider circuit includes 2*n-2 resistors, and in the 1st to n capacitors, every two adjacent Two resistors connected in series are connected in parallel between the high potential and the low potential of the capacitor, and the control circuit receives a common node voltage of the two resistors connected in series.
作为可选，所述级联反激电路还包括第2～n短路开关管，所述第2～n短路开关管的第一端都连接到第一电容的低电压端，所述第2～n短路开关管的第二端分别连接到所述第2～n电容的低电压端，当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压大于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路控制所述第2～n短路开关管都关断；当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压低于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路根据母线的高电压端和低电压端电压之间电压，控制其中一个所述第2～n短路开关管导通。Optionally, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes, the first ends of the 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes are all connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor, and the 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes are all connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor. The second ends of the n-short-circuit switch tubes are respectively connected to the low-voltage ends of the second to n capacitors, and when the voltages of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the bus bar are greater than the first voltage threshold, the control circuit controls the second ~n short-circuit switches are all turned off; when the voltages of the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal of the bus are lower than the first voltage threshold, the control circuit controls one of them according to the voltage between the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal of the bus. The 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes are turned on.
本发明还提供一种级联反激电路控制电路，所述反激电路包括变压器、第1～n开关管、第1～n电容、续流二极管和分压电路，变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管串联，分别组成第1～n串联电路，所述第1～n串联电路依次顺序串联，所述第1～n电容分别和所述第1～n串联电路并联，母线的高电压端经过变压器的第一绕组连接到第一开关管的第一端，第一开关管的第二端连接到第一电容的低电压端；母线的低电压端连接到第n串联电路；变压器的副边绕组经过所述续流二极管连接到负载；所述分压电路连接在所述母线的高电压端和低电压端之间，所述控制电路接收所述分压电路的输出电压和第1～n电容电压，并且根据所述分压电路的输出电压以及所述第1～n电容电压，控制所述第1～n开关管的其中一个开关管工作在反激电路的工作状态，控制其余开关管关断；其中，n为大于等于2的自然数。The present invention also provides a cascaded flyback circuit control circuit, the flyback circuit includes a transformer, 1st to n switch tubes, 1st to n capacitors, freewheeling diodes and a voltage divider circuit, and the 1st to n windings of the transformer connected in series with the 1st to n switching tubes to form 1st to n series circuits respectively, the 1st to n series circuits are connected in series in sequence, and the 1st to n capacitors are respectively connected in parallel with the 1st to n series circuits , the high-voltage end of the busbar is connected to the first end of the first switching tube through the first winding of the transformer, and the second end of the first switching tube is connected to the low-voltage end of the first capacitor; the low-voltage end of the busbar is connected to the nth A series circuit; the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the load through the freewheeling diode; the voltage divider circuit is connected between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus bar, and the control circuit receives the voltage of the voltage divider circuit output voltage and the first to n capacitor voltages, and according to the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit and the first to n capacitor voltages, control one of the first to n switch tubes to work in the flyback circuit In the working state, the other switch tubes are controlled to be turned off; wherein, n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.
作为可选，所述分压电路包括第1～n电阻，所述第1～n电阻依次顺序串联，所述第一电阻连接到母线的高电压端，所述第n电阻连接到母线的低电压端，所述控制电路接收所述第1～n电阻公共节点电压；或者所述分压电路包括2*n-2个电阻，在所述第1～n电容中，每两个相邻的电容的高电位和低电位之间并联两个串联的电阻，所述控制电路接收所述两个串联的电阻的公共节点电压。Optionally, the voltage divider circuit includes 1-n resistors, the 1-n resistors are connected in series sequentially, the first resistor is connected to the high voltage end of the bus bar, and the n-th resistor is connected to the low voltage terminal of the bus bar. Voltage terminal, the control circuit receives the common node voltage of the 1st to n resistors; or the voltage divider circuit includes 2*n-2 resistors, and in the 1st to n capacitors, every two adjacent Two resistors connected in series are connected in parallel between the high potential and the low potential of the capacitor, and the control circuit receives a common node voltage of the two resistors connected in series.
本发明还提供一种级联反激电路控制方法，所述级联反激电路包括变压器、第1～n开关管、第1～n电容、续流二极管和分压电路，变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管串联，分别组成第1～n串联电路，所述第1～n串联电路依次顺序串联，所述第1～n电容分别和所述第1～n串联电路并联，母线的高电压端经过变压器的第一绕组连接到第一开关管的第一端，第一开关管的第二端连接到第一电容的低电压端；母线的低电压端连接到第n串联电路；变压器的副边绕组经过所述续流二极管连接到负载；其中，n为大于等于2的自然数；所述分压电路连接在所述母线的高电压端和低电压端之间；接收所述分压电路的输出电压和第1～n电容电压，并且根据所述分压电路的输出电压以及所述第1～n电容电压，所述第1～n开关管的其中一个开关管工作在反激电路的工作状态，其余开关管关断。The present invention also provides a cascaded flyback circuit control method. The cascaded flyback circuit includes a transformer, 1st to n switch tubes, 1st to n capacitors, freewheeling diodes and a voltage divider circuit. The n windings are connected in series with the first to n switching tubes to form the first to n series circuits respectively, the first to n series circuits are connected in series sequentially, and the first to n capacitors are connected in series with the first to n respectively The circuits are connected in parallel, the high voltage end of the bus is connected to the first end of the first switching tube through the first winding of the transformer, the second end of the first switching tube is connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor; the low voltage end of the bus is connected to The nth series circuit; the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the load through the freewheeling diode; wherein, n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the voltage divider circuit is connected between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus bar ; receiving the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit and the voltages of the first to n capacitors, and according to the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit and the voltages of the first to n capacitors, one of the first to n switch tubes is switched The tube works in the working state of the flyback circuit, and the other switch tubes are turned off.
作为可选，所述级联反激电路还包括第1～n二极管，所述第1～n二极管、所述变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管分别串联。Optionally, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 1-n diodes, and the 1-n diodes, the 1-n windings of the transformer, and the 1-n switch tubes are respectively connected in series.
作为可选，所述级联反激电路还包括第2～n短路开关管，所述第2～n短路开关管的第一端都连接到第一电容的低电压端，所述第2～n短路开关管的第二端分别连接到所述第2～n电容的低电压端，当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压大于第一电压阈值时，控制所述第2～n短路开关管都关断；当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压低于第一电压阈值时，根据母线的高电压端和低电压端电压之间电压，控制其中一个所述第2～n短路开关管导通。Optionally, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes, the first ends of the 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes are all connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor, and the 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes are all connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor. The second ends of the n-short-circuit switch tubes are respectively connected to the low-voltage ends of the second to n capacitors, and when the voltages of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the bus bar are greater than the first voltage threshold, the second-n short-circuit switches are controlled. Both tubes are turned off; when the voltages of the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus are lower than the first voltage threshold, one of the 2nd to n short-circuit switches is controlled according to the voltage between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus The tube conducts.
采用本发明的电路结构和方法，与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：通过级联的反激电路，不需要使用LDO，从而提高系统效率。Compared with the prior art, adopting the circuit structure and method of the present invention has the following advantages: the cascaded flyback circuit does not need to use LDO, thereby improving the system efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1示意性地示出了传统方案中输入带钳位电路的反激电路；Figure 1 schematically shows a flyback circuit with an input clamp circuit in a traditional scheme;
图2示意性地示出了根据本发明实施例的级联反激电路的示意图；Fig. 2 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a cascaded flyback circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3示意性地示出了根据本发明实施例的带有第1～n二极管的级联反激电路的示意图；FIG. 3 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a cascaded flyback circuit with 1st to n diodes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4示意性地示出了根据本发明实施例的带有分压电路和控制电路的级联反激电路的示意图；Fig. 4 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a cascaded flyback circuit with a voltage divider circuit and a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5示意性地示出了根据本发明另一实施例的带有分压电路和控制电路的三级级联反激电路的示意图；Fig. 5 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a three-stage cascaded flyback circuit with a voltage divider circuit and a control circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图6示意性地示出了根据本发明另一实施例的带有分压电路和控制电路的两级级联反激电路的示意图；Fig. 6 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a two-stage cascaded flyback circuit with a voltage divider circuit and a control circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图7示意性地示出了根据本发明实施例的带有第1～n短路开关的级联反激电路的示意图；FIG. 7 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a cascaded flyback circuit with 1-n short-circuit switches according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图8示意性地示出了根据本发明实施例的带有第二短路开关的两级级联反激电路的示意图；Fig. 8 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a two-stage cascaded flyback circuit with a second short-circuit switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图9示意性地示出了根据本发明实施例的第二开关管采用PMOS的反激电路的示意图；FIG. 9 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a flyback circuit in which the second switch tube adopts PMOS according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图10示意性地示出了根据本发明实施例在级联反激电路中，当第二开关管采用PMOS时的电平转换电路的示意图。FIG. 10 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a level conversion circuit when the second switching tube adopts PMOS in the cascaded flyback circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细描述，但本发明并不仅仅限于这些实施例。本发明涵盖任何在本发明的精神和范围上做的替代、修改、等效方法以及方案。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The present invention covers any alternatives, modifications, equivalent methods and schemes made within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
为了使公众对本发明有彻底的了解，在以下本发明优选实施例中详细说明了具体的细节，而对本领域技术人员来说没有这些细节的描述也可以完全理解本发明。In order to provide the public with a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are set forth in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details.
在下列段落中参照附图以举例方式更具体地描述本发明。需说明的是，附图均采用较为简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。In the following paragraphs the invention is described more specifically by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that all the drawings are in simplified form and use inaccurate scales, which are only used to facilitate and clearly assist the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention.
本发明提供一种级联反激电路，请参考图2所示，级联反激电路包括变压器TR11、第1～n开关管M11～M1n、第1～n电容C11～C1n和续流二极管D31，母线电压可以是交流输入经过整流桥得到的，也可以是直接输入母线电压。请参考图2所示，为交流输入经过整流桥得到母线电压，并且第1～n开关管都为NMOS为例，变压器的第1～n绕组N11～N1n和所述第1～n开关管M11～M1n串联，分别组成第1～n串联电路，所述第1～n串联电路依次顺序串联，所述第1～n电容C11～C1n分别和所述第1～n串联电路并联，母线的高电压端经过变压器的第一绕组N11连接到第一开关管M11的第一端，第一开关管M11的第二端连接到第一电容C11的低电压端；母线的低电压端连接到第n串联电路；变压器的副边绕组N31经过所述续流二极管D31连接到负载；其中，n为大于等于2的自然数。本实施例中的第1～n开关管优选为MOS晶体管，更具体的是NMOS晶体管，但是也可以是其他类型的开关管，例如三极管、晶闸管、多个前述管连接形成的开关管等。一般n＝2是比较常用的级联反激电路。The present invention provides a cascaded flyback circuit. Please refer to FIG. 2. The cascaded flyback circuit includes a transformer TR11, first to n switch tubes M11 to M1n, first to n capacitors C11 to C1n, and a freewheeling diode D31 , the bus voltage can be obtained from the AC input through the rectifier bridge, or directly input the bus voltage. Please refer to Fig. 2, the bus voltage is obtained by the AC input through the rectifier bridge, and the 1st to nth switching tubes are all NMOS. ~M1n are connected in series to form the 1st~n series circuits respectively, the 1st~n series circuits are connected in series sequentially, the 1st~n capacitors C11~C1n are respectively connected in parallel with the 1st~n series circuits, the height of the busbar The voltage terminal is connected to the first terminal of the first switching tube M11 through the first winding N11 of the transformer, and the second terminal of the first switching tube M11 is connected to the low voltage terminal of the first capacitor C11; the low voltage terminal of the bus bar is connected to the nth A series circuit; the secondary winding N31 of the transformer is connected to the load through the freewheeling diode D31; wherein, n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2. The first to n switching transistors in this embodiment are preferably MOS transistors, more specifically NMOS transistors, but may also be other types of switching transistors, such as triodes, thyristors, switching transistors formed by connecting multiple aforementioned transistors, and the like. Generally, n=2 is a commonly used cascade flyback circuit.
请参考图3所示，所述级联反激电路还包括第1～n二极管，所述第1～n二极管、所述变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管分别串联。以两级级联反激电路进行说明，当第一开关管M11工作在反激电路状态，第二开关管M12关断时，当第一开关管M11导通时，如果第二绕组N12高于第二电容C12上的电压，则第二绕组N12通过第二开关管的体二极管对第二电容进行充电。为了防止第一电容对第二电容进行充电，因此加入第二二极管D12；第二二极管D12，第二绕组N12和第二开关管M12串联。同理，为了防止第二电容C12对第一电容C11充电，加入第一二极管D11；第一二极管D11，第一绕组N11和第一开关管M11串联。图3为第一二极管D11和第二二极管D12的一种连接方式，第一二极管的阳极连接到第一绕组，第一二极管的阴极连接到第一开关管；第二二极管的阳极连接到第二绕组，第二二极管的阴极连接到第二开关管。第一二极管和第二二极管的连接方式不限于图3中的连接方式。Please refer to FIG. 3 , the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 1~n diodes, the 1~n diodes, the 1~n windings of the transformer, and the 1~n switch tubes are respectively connected in series . A two-stage cascaded flyback circuit is used for illustration. When the first switch tube M11 works in the flyback circuit state and the second switch tube M12 is turned off, when the first switch tube M11 is turned on, if the second winding N12 is higher than The voltage on the second capacitor C12, the second winding N12 charges the second capacitor through the body diode of the second switching transistor. In order to prevent the first capacitor from charging the second capacitor, a second diode D12 is added; the second diode D12 is connected in series with the second winding N12 and the second switch tube M12. Similarly, in order to prevent the second capacitor C12 from charging the first capacitor C11, a first diode D11 is added; the first diode D11, the first winding N11 and the first switch tube M11 are connected in series. Fig. 3 is a connection mode of the first diode D11 and the second diode D12, the anode of the first diode is connected to the first winding, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first switching tube; The anode of the second diode is connected to the second winding, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second switch tube. The connection manner of the first diode and the second diode is not limited to the connection manner in FIG. 3 .
请参考图4所示，所述级联反激电路还包括分压电路和控制电路，所述分压电路连接在所述母线的高电压端和低电压端之间，所述控制电路接收所述分压电路的输出电压和第1～n电容电压，并且根据所述分压电路的输出电压以及所述第1～n电容电压，控制所述第1～n开关管的其中一个开关管工作在反激电路的工作状态，控制其余开关管关断。控制电路经过电平转换电路驱动第2～n开关管。Please refer to FIG. 4, the cascaded flyback circuit also includes a voltage divider circuit and a control circuit, the voltage divider circuit is connected between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus, and the control circuit receives the The output voltage of the voltage dividing circuit and the voltages of the first to n capacitors, and according to the output voltage of the voltage dividing circuit and the voltage of the first to n capacitors, control the operation of one of the switching tubes of the first to n switching tubes In the working state of the flyback circuit, control the remaining switching tubes to turn off. The control circuit drives the 2nd to n switch tubes through the level conversion circuit.
请继续参考图4所示，所述分压电路包括第1～n电阻，所述第1～n电阻依次顺序串联，所述第一电阻连接到母线的高电压端，所述第n电阻连接到母线的低电压端，所述控制电路接收所述第1～n电阻公共节点电压。Please continue to refer to Figure 4, the voltage divider circuit includes 1st to nth resistors, the 1st to nth resistors are connected in series in sequence, the first resistor is connected to the high voltage end of the bus bar, and the nth resistor is connected to To the low voltage end of the bus, the control circuit receives the common node voltage of the first to n resistors.
在另一实施方式总，所述分压电路包括2*n-2个电阻，在所述第1～n电容中，每两个相邻的电容的高电位和低电位之间并联两个串联的电阻，所述控制电路接收所述两个串联的电阻的公共节点电压；请参考图5所示，为n＝3时的分压电路的实现方式。当n＝2时，以上两种分压电路的电路是一样的，如图6所示，第一电容C11和第二电容C12的公共端为参考地，控制电路接收分压电路的输出电压，当参考地高于所述分压电路的输出电压，所述控制电路控制第一开关管工作在反激电路的工作状态，控制第二开关管关断；当参考地低于所述分压电路的输出电压，所述控制电路控制第二开关管工作在反激电路的工作状态，控制第一开关管关断，分压电路采用电阻R11和R12进行分压，可以通过设置电阻R11和R12的比值为k，从而使得第一电容C11和第二电容电压C12的比值接近k。In another embodiment, the voltage dividing circuit includes 2*n-2 resistors, and in the first to n capacitors, two capacitors connected in series between the high potential and the low potential of every two adjacent capacitors resistance, the control circuit receives the common node voltage of the two resistors connected in series; please refer to FIG. 5 , which is the implementation of the voltage divider circuit when n=3. When n=2, the circuits of the above two voltage divider circuits are the same, as shown in Figure 6, the common terminal of the first capacitor C11 and the second capacitor C12 is the reference ground, and the control circuit receives the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit, When the reference ground is higher than the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit, the control circuit controls the first switch tube to work in the working state of the flyback circuit, and controls the second switch tube to turn off; when the reference ground is lower than the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit output voltage, the control circuit controls the second switching tube to work in the working state of the flyback circuit, controls the first switching tube to turn off, and the voltage dividing circuit uses resistors R11 and R12 to divide the voltage, which can be set by setting the resistors R11 and R12 The ratio is k, so that the ratio of the first capacitor C11 to the second capacitor voltage C12 is close to k.
在一个实施例中，所述级联反激电路还包括第2～n短路开关管；请参考图7所示，所述第2～n短路开关管的第一端都连接到第一电容的低电压端，所述第2～n短路开关管的第二端分别连接到所述第2～n电容的低电压端，当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压大于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路控制所述第2～n短路开关管都关断；当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压低于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路根据母线的高电压端和低电压端电压之间电压，控制其中一个所述第2～n短路开关管导通。In one embodiment, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 2nd-n short-circuit switch tubes; please refer to FIG. 7, the first ends of the 2nd-n short-circuit switch tubes are connected to the first capacitor Low voltage end, the second ends of the 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes are respectively connected to the low voltage ends of the 2nd to n capacitors, when the voltage of the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus is greater than the first voltage threshold, The control circuit controls all the 2nd to n short-circuit switches to be turned off; when the voltage of the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal of the bus is lower than the first voltage threshold, the control circuit The voltage between the terminal voltages controls one of the 2nd to n short-circuit switches to conduct.
在另一种实施方式中，第2～n电容分别和第2～n短路开关管并联，当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压大于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路控制所述第2～n短路开关管都关断；当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压低于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路根据母线的高电压端和低电压端电压之间电压，控制其中一个或多个所述第2～n短路开关管导通。In another embodiment, the 2nd to n capacitors are respectively connected in parallel with the 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes, and when the voltage of the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus bar is greater than the first voltage threshold, the control circuit controls the first 2～n short-circuit switch tubes are all turned off; when the voltage of the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal of the bus is lower than the first voltage threshold, the control circuit controls the voltage between the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal of the bus. One or more of the 2nd to n short-circuit switches are turned on.
请参考图8所示，为n＝2时的级联反激电路图，第二短路开关管M22和第二电容C12并联，当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压低于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路控制所述第二短路开关管M22导通，当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压大于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路控制第二短路开关管M22关断。这使得母线电压低于第一电压阈值时，第一绕组、第一开关管、变压器的副边绕组，续流二极管组成的反激电路工作，第二绕组、第二开关管、被第二短路开关管M22短路，从而提高系统效率。控制电路通过电平转换电路连接到第二短路开关管M22，本实施例中的第二短路开关管M22优选为MOS晶体管，但是也可以是其他类型的开关管，例如三极管、晶闸管、多个前述管连接形成的开关管等。Please refer to FIG. 8, which is a cascaded flyback circuit diagram when n=2. The second short-circuit switch M22 and the second capacitor C12 are connected in parallel. When the voltage of the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus is lower than the first voltage threshold The control circuit controls the second short-circuit switch M22 to turn on, and when the voltage of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the bus is greater than a first voltage threshold, the control circuit controls the second short-circuit switch M22 to turn off. This makes the flyback circuit composed of the first winding, the first switching tube, the secondary winding of the transformer and the freewheeling diode work when the bus voltage is lower than the first voltage threshold, and the second winding, the second switching tube, and the second switching tube are short-circuited by the second The switch tube M22 is short-circuited, thereby improving system efficiency. The control circuit is connected to the second short-circuit switch tube M22 through a level conversion circuit. The second short-circuit switch tube M22 in this embodiment is preferably a MOS transistor, but it can also be other types of switch tubes, such as triodes, thyristors, multiple aforementioned The switching tube formed by tube connection, etc.
在一个实施例中，第2～n开关管中的一个或者多个为PMOS。请参考图9所示，为n＝2时的实施例，第二开关管为PMOS，C11和C12的公共端所述PMOS M12连接到所述变压器的第二绕组N12。控制电路经过电平转换电路连接到第二开关管M12。In one embodiment, one or more of the 2nd to nth switch transistors are PMOS. Please refer to FIG. 9 , which is an embodiment when n=2, the second switch tube is a PMOS, and the common terminal of C11 and C12, the PMOS M12 is connected to the second winding N12 of the transformer. The control circuit is connected to the second switch tube M12 through the level conversion circuit.
请参考图10所示，为第二开关管为PMOS时，第一电平转换电路的一种实施方式，控制电路经过电容C51连接到第二开关管M12的栅极，M12的栅极经过电阻R51和二极管D51并联的电路连接到第一电容C11和第二电容C12的公共端。电阻R51将第二开关管M12的栅极上拉到第一电容C11和第二电容C12的公共端，使得第二开关管M12的栅极不会处于悬浮状态，在电容C51没有对M12的栅极进行上拉或下拉的时候，电阻R51将M12的栅极上拉到第一电容C11和第二电容C12的公共端，使得M12处于关断状态。电平转换电路不局限于该电路，可以有其他各种实施方式。Please refer to FIG. 10, which is an implementation of the first level conversion circuit when the second switch tube is PMOS. The control circuit is connected to the gate of the second switch tube M12 through the capacitor C51, and the gate of M12 is connected to the gate of the second switch tube M12 through the resistor The parallel circuit of R51 and diode D51 is connected to the common end of the first capacitor C11 and the second capacitor C12. The resistor R51 pulls up the gate of the second switching tube M12 to the common terminal of the first capacitor C11 and the second capacitor C12, so that the gate of the second switching tube M12 will not be in a floating state. When the pole is pulled up or pulled down, the resistor R51 pulls up the gate of M12 to the common terminal of the first capacitor C11 and the second capacitor C12, so that M12 is in an off state. The level conversion circuit is not limited to this circuit, and various other embodiments are possible.
本发明还提供一种级联反激电路控制电路，所述反激电路包括变压器、第1～n开关管、第1～n电容、续流二极管和分压电路，变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管串联，分别组成第1～n串联电路，所述第1～n串联电路依次顺序串联，所述第1～n电容分别和所述第1～n串联电路并联，母线的高电压端经过变压器的第一绕组连接到第一开关管的第一端，第一开关管的第二端连接到第一电容的低电压端；母线的低电压端连接到第n串联电路；变压器的副边绕组经过所述续流二极管连接到负载；所述分压电路连接在所述母线的高电压端和低电压端之间，所述控制电路接收所述分压电路的输出电压和第1～n电容电压，并且根据所述分压电路的输出电压以及所述第1～n电容电压，控制所述第1～n开关管的其中一个开关管工作在反激电路的工作状态，控制其余开关管关断；其中，n为大于等于2的自然数。The present invention also provides a cascaded flyback circuit control circuit, the flyback circuit includes a transformer, 1st to n switch tubes, 1st to n capacitors, freewheeling diodes and a voltage divider circuit, and the 1st to n windings of the transformer connected in series with the 1st to n switching tubes to form 1st to n series circuits respectively, the 1st to n series circuits are connected in series in sequence, and the 1st to n capacitors are respectively connected in parallel with the 1st to n series circuits , the high-voltage end of the busbar is connected to the first end of the first switching tube through the first winding of the transformer, and the second end of the first switching tube is connected to the low-voltage end of the first capacitor; the low-voltage end of the busbar is connected to the nth A series circuit; the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the load through the freewheeling diode; the voltage divider circuit is connected between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus bar, and the control circuit receives the voltage of the voltage divider circuit output voltage and the first to n capacitor voltages, and according to the output voltage of the voltage divider circuit and the first to n capacitor voltages, control one of the first to n switch tubes to work in the flyback circuit In the working state, the other switch tubes are controlled to be turned off; wherein, n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.
在一个实施例中，所述级联反激电路还包括第1～n二极管，所述第1～n二极管、所述变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管分别串联。In one embodiment, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 1-n diodes, and the 1-n diodes, the 1-n windings of the transformer, and the 1-n switch tubes are respectively connected in series.
在一个实施例中，所述分压电路包括第1～n电阻，所述第1～n电阻依次顺序串联，所述第一电阻连接到母线的高电压端，所述第n电阻连接到母线的低电压端，所述控制电路接收所述第1～n电阻公共节点电压；或者所述分压电路包括2*n-2个电阻，在所述第1～n电容中，每两个相邻的电容的高电位和低电位之间并联两个串联的电阻，所述控制电路接收所述两个串联的电阻的公共节点电压。In one embodiment, the voltage dividing circuit includes 1-n resistors, the 1-n resistors are connected in series in sequence, the first resistor is connected to the high voltage end of the bus bar, and the n-th resistor is connected to the bus bar The control circuit receives the common node voltage of the 1~n resistors; or the voltage divider circuit includes 2*n-2 resistors, and in the 1~n capacitors, every two phases Two series resistors are connected in parallel between the high potential and the low potential of adjacent capacitors, and the control circuit receives a common node voltage of the two series resistors.
在一个实施例中，所述级联反激电路还包括第2～n短路开关管，所述第2～n短路开关管的第一端都连接到第一电容的低电压端，所述第2～n短路开关管的第二端分别连接到所述第2～n电容的低电压端，当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压大于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路控制所述第2～n短路开关管都关断；当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压低于第一电压阈值时，所述控制电路根据母线的高电压端和低电压端电压之间电压，控制其中一个所述第2～n短路开关管导通。In one embodiment, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes, the first ends of the 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes are all connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor, and the first terminals of the second to n short-circuit switch tubes are connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor. The second terminals of the 2-n short-circuit switch tubes are respectively connected to the low-voltage terminals of the 2-n capacitors, and when the voltage of the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal of the bus bar is greater than the first voltage threshold, the control circuit controls the The 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes are all turned off; when the voltage of the high voltage terminal and the low voltage terminal of the bus is lower than the first voltage threshold, the control circuit controls the voltage between the high voltage terminal and the low voltage terminal of the bus according to the voltage between the high voltage terminal and the low voltage terminal of the bus. One of the 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes is turned on.
在一个实施例中，第2～n开关管的其中一个或者多个为PMOS。In one embodiment, one or more of the 2nd to nth switch transistors are PMOS.
本发明还提供一种级联反激电路控制方法，所述级联反激电路包括变压器、第1～n开关管、第1～n电容、续流二极管和分压电路，变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管串联，分别组成第1～n串联电路，所述第1～n串联电路依次顺序串联，所述第1～n电容分别和所述第1～n串联电路并联，母线的高电压端经过变压器的第一绕组连接到第一开关管的第一端，第一开关管的第二端连接到第一电容的低电压端；母线的低电压端连接到第n串联电路；变压器的副边绕组经过所述续流二极管连接到负载；其中，n为大于等于2的自然数；所述分压电路连接在所述母线的高电压端和低电压端之间，接收所述分压电路的输出电压和第1～n电容电压，并且根据所述分压电路的输出电压以及所述第1～n电容电压，所述第1～n开关管的其中一个开关管工作在反激电路的工作状态，其余开关管关断。The present invention also provides a cascaded flyback circuit control method. The cascaded flyback circuit includes a transformer, 1st to n switch tubes, 1st to n capacitors, freewheeling diodes and a voltage divider circuit. The n windings are connected in series with the first to n switching tubes to form the first to n series circuits respectively, the first to n series circuits are connected in series sequentially, and the first to n capacitors are connected in series with the first to n respectively The circuits are connected in parallel, the high voltage end of the bus is connected to the first end of the first switching tube through the first winding of the transformer, the second end of the first switching tube is connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor; the low voltage end of the bus is connected to The nth series circuit; the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the load through the freewheeling diode; wherein, n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the voltage divider circuit is connected between the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the bus bar , receiving the output voltage of the voltage dividing circuit and the voltages of the first to n capacitors, and according to the output voltage of the voltage dividing circuit and the voltages of the first to n capacitors, switching one of the first to n switching tubes The tube works in the working state of the flyback circuit, and the other switch tubes are turned off.
在一个实施例中，所述级联反激电路还包括第1～n二极管，所述第1～n二极管、所述变压器的第1～n绕组和所述第1～n开关管分别串联。In one embodiment, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 1-n diodes, and the 1-n diodes, the 1-n windings of the transformer, and the 1-n switch tubes are respectively connected in series.
在一个实施例中，所述级联反激电路还包括第2～n短路开关管，所述第2～n短路开关管的第一端都连接到第一电容的低电压端，所述第2～n短路开关管的第二端分别连接到所述第2～n电容的低电压端；当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压大于第一电压阈值时，控制所述第2～n短路开关管都关断；当母线的高电压端和低电压端电压低于第一电压阈值时，根据母线的高电压端和低电压端电压之间电压，控制其中一个所述第2～n短路开关管导通。In one embodiment, the cascaded flyback circuit further includes 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes, the first ends of the 2nd to n short-circuit switch tubes are all connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor, and the first terminals of the second to n short-circuit switch tubes are connected to the low voltage end of the first capacitor. The second terminals of the 2-n short-circuit switch tubes are respectively connected to the low-voltage terminals of the 2-n capacitors; The short-circuit switch tubes are all turned off; when the voltage of the high voltage terminal and the low voltage terminal of the bus is lower than the first voltage threshold, one of the 2nd to nth voltages is controlled according to the voltage between the high voltage terminal and the low voltage terminal of the bus The short circuit switch is turned on.
除此之外，虽然以上将实施例分开说明和阐述，但涉及部分共通之技术，在本领域普通技术人员看来，可以在实施例之间进行替换和整合，涉及其中一个实施例未明确记载的内容，则可参考有记载的另一个实施例。In addition, although the above embodiments are described and described separately, some common technologies are involved. From the perspective of those of ordinary skill in the art, the embodiments can be replaced and integrated, and one of the embodiments is not clearly described. For the content, reference may be made to another recorded embodiment.
以上所述的实施方式，并不构成对该技术方案保护范围的限定。任何在上述实施方式的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在该技术方案的保护范围之内。The implementation methods described above do not constitute a limitation to the scope of protection of the technical solution. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above implementation methods shall be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.
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