CN110209420A - A kind of method and device updating bootstrap loader - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a method and device for updating a bootloader program, including: storing the target program in a first storage area in the ECU, wherein the target program includes at least an update program, and the first storage area is before storing the target program is used to store application programs; stores a new version of the boot loader, and updates the old version of the boot loader in the second storage area to the new version of the boot loader by executing an update program. It can be seen that flashing the update program into the first storage area for storing application programs in the ECU can realize updating the old version of the Boot Loader in the ECU with the new version of the Boot Loader without opening the shell, and then Update the Boot Loader in the ECU; and, each time the Boot Loader is updated, the update program is burned into the area where the application program was originally stored in the ECU, so there is no need to occupy additional storage space on the ECU.

Description

A method and device for updating a boot loader

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of data update, in particular to a method and device for updating a bootloader program in an ECU.

Background technique

Before the operating system in the electronic control unit (Electronic Control Unit, ECU) runs, usually the pre-stored boot loader (Boot Loader) in the ECU completes the task of loading and starting the system to initialize hardware devices, establish Memory space map, so as to bring the software and hardware environment of the system to a suitable state, so as to prepare the correct environment for the final operation of the operating system. When the function of the Boot Loader in the ECU does not meet the actual needs, it is usually necessary to update the Boot Loader in the ECU.

At present, the way to update the Boot Loader in the ECU is mainly to open the ECU, that is, to take out the ECU from the device where the ECU is located, and flash the updated version of the Boot Loader to the ECU by calling the corresponding debugger, so as to complete the ECU. The update of the Boot Loader. This method of updating the Boot Loader makes it necessary to open the shell of the device where the ECU is located every time the Boot Loader in the ECU is updated, and the risk of opening the shell is high. In other ways to update the BootLoader, the update program is stored in the storage device of the ECU (such as RAM or FLASH, etc.) in advance. When the Boot Loader currently used in the ECU needs to be updated, the pre-stored The update program uses the new version of the Boot Loader to update the old version of the Boot Loader in the ECU. This update method not only needs to occupy extra storage space to store the update program for a long time, but also, the update program in the ECU is fixed, and the update program cannot be upgraded.

Contents of the invention

The embodiment of the present application provides a method and device for updating the boot loader, so that the Boot Loader in the ECU can be updated without opening the shell, and it does not need to occupy additional storage space in the ECU. Implement the upgrade to the updater.

In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for updating a boot loader, the method comprising:

storing the target program in a first storage area in the electronic control unit ECU, the target program at least including an update program, and the first storage area is used to store an application program before storing the target program;

store the new version of the loaded bootloader;

By executing the update program, the old version of the boot loader in the second storage area in the ECU is updated to the new version of the boot loader.

In some possible implementation manners, the target program also includes a new version of the loading boot program, and the storage of the new version of the loading boot program includes:

The new version of the loaded boot program is stored in the first storage area.

In some possible implementation manners, the updating of the boot loader of the old version in the second storage area in the ECU to the boot loader of the new version by executing the update program includes:

verifying whether the new version of the bootloader is consistent with the old version of the bootloader in the second storage area;

When it is determined that the new version of the bootloader is inconsistent with the old version of the bootloader, updating the old version of the bootloader in the second storage area in the ECU to the new version of the bootloader.

In some possible implementation manners, the method also includes:

After the bootloader of the old version in the second storage area is updated to the bootloader of the new version, the storage of the application program in the first storage area is resumed.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides a device for updating a boot loader, the device comprising:

The first storage module is used to store the target program in a first storage area in the electronic control unit ECU, the target program at least includes an update program, and the first storage area is used to store an application program before storing the target program ;

The second storage module is used to store the loading boot program of the new version;

An update module, configured to update the boot loader of the old version in the second storage area in the ECU to the boot loader of the new version by executing the update program.

In some possible implementation manners, the target program further includes a new version of the loading boot program, and the second storage module is specifically configured to store the new version of the loading boot program in the first storage area.

In some possible implementation manners, the update module includes:

a checking unit, configured to check whether the new version of the boot loader is consistent with the old version of the boot loader in the second storage area;

an update unit, configured to update the old version of the bootloader in the second storage area in the ECU to the new version when it is determined that the new version of the bootloader is inconsistent with the old version of the bootloader Bootloader.

In some possible implementation manners, the device also includes:

A restoration module, configured to restore the storage of the application program in the first storage area after updating the bootloader program of the old version in the second storage area to the bootloader program of the new version.

In the above implementation of the embodiment of the present application, when it is determined that the Boot Loader in the ECU needs to be updated, the target program can be stored in the first storage area in the ECU, wherein the target program includes at least an update program, and the second A storage area is used to store the application program before storing the target program. Then, a new version of the boot loader can be stored in the ECU, and by executing the update program, the old version of the boot loader in the second storage area in the ECU can be replaced. loader, updated to the new version of the bootloader. It can be seen that in the process of updating the Boot Loader, the update program can be written into the first storage area in the ECU for storing the application program by flashing the application program into the ECU, so that by executing the first storage The update program in the area can realize the update of the old version of the Boot Loader in the ECU with the new version of the Boot Loader without opening the shell, and then update the Boot Loader in the ECU, and because each time the Boot Loader is updated The update program is burned into the area where the application program was originally stored in the ECU, so there is no need to occupy additional storage space of the ECU; at the same time, each time the Boot Loader in the ECU is updated, the update program can be set according to actual needs. It is not fixed, so that the upgrade of the update program can also be realized.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some implementations recorded in the application. For example, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for updating a boot loader in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of division of storage areas in the ECU;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of storage of a new version of Boot Loader and an update program in the first storage area;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for updating a boot loader in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

When the Boot Loader function in the ECU cannot meet the needs of practical applications, it is usually necessary to upgrade the Boot Loader in the ECU. However, the existing two methods for updating the Boot Loader in the ECU have certain defects. Specifically, for the first implementation of updating the Boot Loader, since the ECU is usually embedded in a hardware device, when the boot loader in the ECU needs to be updated, it is usually necessary to open the shell of the device where the ECU is located to Take out the ECU in the hardware device, and flash a new version of the Boot Loader to the ECU by calling the corresponding debugger, so as to update the old version of the Boot Loader in the ECU with the new version of the Boot Loader. However, since the hardware device needs to be unpacked when updating the Boot Loader in the ECU, the risk of damage to the hardware device during the unpacking process is relatively high. For this reason, in another embodiment that can complete the update Boot Loader without opening the shell, the update program is usually stored in the RAM or FLASH memory of the ECU in advance, and when the boot loader in the ECU needs to be updated, The update program stored in the ECU's RAM or FLASH memory can be used to update the old version of the bootloader in the ECU to the new version of the bootloader written into the ECU, so that the ECU can be completed without opening the shell. Update of Boot Loader. However, in this implementation of updating the Boot Loader, it is not only necessary to additionally occupy a certain size of storage space in the RAM or FLASH memory in the ECU for a long time to store the update program, but also because the update program stored in the ECU is fixed, that is, to update the ECU The method of the Boot Loader in the ECU is fixed, so that the update program in the ECU cannot be updated.

Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for updating the boot loader, so that the Boot Loader in the ECU can be upgraded and updated without opening the shell, and no additional storage space of the ECU is required. During specific implementation, when it is determined that the Boot Loader in the ECU needs to be updated, the target program can be stored in the first storage area in the ECU, wherein the target program at least includes an update program, and the first storage area is storing the target program was previously used to store application programs, then a new version of the bootloader can be stored in the ECU, and by executing the update procedure, the old version of the bootloader in the second storage area in the ECU can be updated to the New version of the bootloader. It can be seen that in the process of updating the Boot Loader, the update program can be written into the first storage area in the ECU for storing the application program by flashing the application program into the ECU, so that by executing the first storage The update program in the area can realize the update of the old version of the Boot Loader in the ECU with the new version of the Boot Loader without opening the shell, and then update the Boot Loader in the ECU, and because each time the Boot Loader is updated The update program is burned into the area where the application program was originally stored in the ECU, so there is no need to occupy additional storage space of the ECU; at the same time, each time the Boot Loader in the ECU is updated, the update program can be set according to actual needs. It is not fixed, so that the upgrade of the update program can also be realized.

As an example, this embodiment of the present application may be applied to the exemplary application scenario shown in FIG. 1 . In this application scenario, the user 101 can develop a new version of Boot Loader on the upper computer 102, and when the BootLoader in the ECU 103 needs to be updated, the user 101 can connect the upper computer 102 to the ECU 103, and the upper computer The new version of Boot Loader saved in 102 and the update program are flashed together to the first storage area originally used to store the application program in the ECU103; , using the new version of the Boot Loader to update the old version of the Boot Loader in the second storage area of the ECU, thereby completing the upgrade of the Boot Loader in the ECU.

It can be understood that the foregoing scenario is only an example of a scenario provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this scenario, but may be applied to any applicable application scenario.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and comprehensible, various non-limiting implementations in the embodiments of the present application will be illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of a method for updating a boot loader in an embodiment of the present application, and the method may specifically include:

S201: Store the target program in a first storage area in the ECU, wherein the target program includes at least an update program, and the first storage area is used to store an application program before storing the target program.

S202: storing a new version of the bootloader.

S203: Execute the update program to update the boot loader of the old version in the second storage area of the ECU to the boot loader of the new version.

In practical applications, the storage area of the ECU can be divided into three areas, the first storage area, the second storage area and other data storage areas, as shown in FIG. 3 . Among them, the first storage area is used to store application programs, the second storage area is used to store Boot Loader, and other data storage areas are used to store data such as operating parameters and encrypted data.

In this embodiment, when the old version of the Boot Loader stored in the second storage area in the ECU needs to be upgraded and updated, although it is impossible to directly flash the new version of the Boot Loader in the second storage area, you can refer to the existing In the flashing process of flashing the application program into the first storage area, the target program is flashed into the first storage area, that is, the target program is stored in the storage area originally used for storing the application program. Wherein, the target program includes at least an update program. In this way, the update program can be stored for a long time without using additional storage space in the ECU, and when a new version of the Boot Loader is stored in the ECU, the update program can be executed in the ECU to update the second version of the Boot Loader. The old version of the Boot Loader in the storage area.

It is worth noting that the new version of the bootloader can be flashed into the ECU together with the update program, that is, the above target program can also include the new version of the Boot Loader in addition to the update program. As shown in FIG. 4 , not only the new version of the Boot Loader but also the update program can be stored in the first storage area. In this way, when the new version of the Boot Loader is flashed into the first storage area in the ECU, the update program can be automatically or manually triggered to be executed, so that the Boot Loader in the second storage area is updated to the new version of the Boot Loader .

In practical applications, the address range of the target program in the first storage area is consistent with the address range of the original application program in the first storage area. Therefore, when the Boot Loader in the ECU needs to be updated, the address space of the original application program can be temporarily used to flash the target program into the first storage area. It can be understood that in this embodiment, since the target program flashed into the first storage area temporarily occupies the address range of the original application program every time the Boot Loader is updated, there is no need to occupy additional memory in RAM or FLASH memory. storage.

In other possible implementations, the target program flashed into the first storage area may only be an update program, and after the update program is flashed into the first storage area, the new version of the Boot The Loader is flashed to the ECU. It should be noted that the new version of the Boot Loader may be stored in the RAM (not belonging to the first storage area) of the ECU. In this implementation manner, it is not necessary to update the Boot Loader after flashing all the data in the new version of the Boot Loader to the ECU, but to perform segmented update. For example, after one-tenth of the BootLoader of the new version is flashed, it can first update the corresponding part of the BootLoader in the second storage area with the data of the tenth, and after completing the update of this part, it can be flashed again. Write down one-tenth of the data, and update the next one-tenth of the data, and perform segmented updates in this way, so as to finally complete the update of all Boot Loader data.

Further, when the update program is executed, the ECU can compare or check whether the new version of the Boot Loader in the current first storage area is consistent with the old version of the Boot Loader in the second storage area. It can be understood that if the function of the old version of the Boot Loader in the ECU does not meet the requirements of the actual application, the old version of the Boot Loader in the ECU can be updated, and in other possible application scenarios, it may also be necessary to periodically update the At this time, the new version of the Boot Loader in the first storage area may be inconsistent with the old version of the Boot Loader in the second storage area, or may be inconsistent with the new version in the second storage area. consistent. Therefore, in some possible implementations, the ECU may replace the Boot Loader in the second storage area with a new version of the Boot Loader when it is determined that the two versions of the Boot Loader are inconsistent, and when the two versions of the Boot Loader When they are consistent, the ECU does not need to consume computing resources to replace the Boot Loader. In this way, it is possible to prevent the ECU from updating the Boot Loader in the second storage area with the Boot Loader in the first storage area every time the ECU is powered on. Moreover, in practical applications, the first storage area can be a FLASH memory, and the erasing of the FLASH memory The number of erasures is limited, and the consistency check of the two versions of the Boot Loader can prevent the ECU from wasting the erasing times of the FLASH, and can also prevent the Boot Loader from being damaged due to the power failure of the ECU during the unnecessary update of the Boot Loader. Incomplete, resulting in the inoperability of the ECU.

Among them, there are many implementations for checking whether the two versions of the Boot Loader are consistent, and you can refer to the way of checking the consistency of two pieces of data in the prior art. For example, it may be to compare the program codes in the two versions of the Boot Loader one by one; it may also be to calculate the hash values of the two versions of the Boot Loader respectively, so as to compare the two hash values; it may also be A cyclic redundancy check (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC) is used to check the consistency of the two versions of the Boot Loader.

Of course, in other possible implementation manners, the ECU may also directly use the new version of the Boot Loader in the first storage area to update the old version of the Boot Loader in the second storage area. That is, no matter whether the Boot Loader written in the first storage area is the same as the Boot Loader in the second storage area each time, the ECU can replace the Boot Loader in the second storage area.

It should be noted that after the target program is flashed to the first storage area, it can overwrite the original application program in the first storage area. After the update of BootLoader, restore the storage of the previously covered application program in the first storage area, or restore the data stored in the first storage area to the data in the first storage area before updating the Boot Loader, so that the ECU of normal operation.

In this embodiment, when it is determined that the Boot Loader in the ECU needs to be updated, the target program can be stored in the first storage area in the ECU, wherein the target program includes at least the update program, and the first storage area is stored in the target program. The program was previously used to store the application program, then a new version of the bootloader can be stored in the ECU, and by executing the update procedure, the old version of the bootloader in the second storage area in the ECU can be updated to the The new version of the bootloader is described. It can be seen that in the process of updating the Boot Loader, the update program can be written into the first storage area in the ECU for storing the application program by flashing the application program into the ECU, so that by executing the first storage The update program in the area can realize the update of the old version of the Boot Loader in the ECU with the new version of the Boot Loader without opening the shell, and then update the Boot Loader in the ECU. It is to burn the update program to the area where the application program was originally stored in the ECU, so it does not need to occupy additional storage space of the ECU; at the same time, each time the Boot Loader in the ECU is updated, the update program can be set according to actual needs, and It is not fixed, so that the update program can also be upgraded.

In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a device for updating a boot loader. Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a device for updating a boot loader in an embodiment of the present application. The device 500 includes:

The first storage module 501 is used to store the target program in the first storage area in the electronic control unit ECU, the target program includes at least an update program, and the first storage area is used to store the application before storing the target program program;

The second storage module 502 is used to store the loading boot program of the new version;

The update module 503 is configured to update the boot loader of the old version in the second storage area of the ECU to the boot loader of the new version by executing the update program.

In some possible implementation manners, the target program further includes a new version of the loading boot program, and the second storage module 502 is specifically configured to store the new version of the loading boot program in the first storage area.

In some possible implementation manners, the update module 503 includes:

a checking unit, configured to check whether the new version of the boot loader is consistent with the old version of the boot loader in the second storage area;

an update unit, configured to update the old version of the bootloader in the second storage area in the ECU to the new version when it is determined that the new version of the bootloader is inconsistent with the old version of the bootloader Bootloader.

In some possible implementation manners, the device 500 also includes:

A restoration module, configured to restore the storage of the application program in the first storage area after updating the bootloader program of the old version in the second storage area to the bootloader program of the new version.

It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the modules and units of the above-mentioned device are based on the same concept as the method embodiment in the embodiment of the present application, and the technical effects brought about by it are the same as those implemented by the method in the embodiment of the present application. The example is the same, and the specific implementation process and the technical effects brought about can refer to the description in the method embodiment shown above in the embodiment of the present application, and will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, in the process of updating the Boot Loader, the update program can be written into the first storage area in the ECU for storing the application program by flashing the application program into the ECU, so that by executing the first The update program in the storage area can update the old version of the Boot Loader in the ECU with the new version of the Boot Loader without opening the shell, and then update the Boot Loader in the ECU. The update program is burned into the area where the application program was originally stored in the ECU, so there is no need to occupy additional storage space of the ECU; at the same time, each time the Boot Loader in the ECU is updated, the update program can be set according to actual needs. It is not fixed, so that the upgrade of the update program can also be realized.

The "first" in the names such as "the first storage area" mentioned in the embodiment of the present application is only used for name identification, and does not mean the first in order. The same rule applies to "second" etc.

From the above description of the implementation manners, it can be seen that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus a general hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application can be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products can be stored in storage media, such as read-only memory (English: read-only memory, ROM)/RAM, disk, CDs, etc., include several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a router) execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this application.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, as for the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for relevant parts, please refer to part of the description of the method embodiment. The device embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place , or can also be distributed to multiple network elements. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. It can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without creative effort.

The above descriptions are only exemplary implementations of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of method for updating bootstrap loader, which is characterized in that the described method includes:

Target program is stored in the first storage region in electronic control unit ECU, the target program, which includes at least, to be updated Program, first storage region is before storing the target program for storing application program；

Store the bootload program of new version；

By executing the more new procedures, by the ECU in the second storage region legacy version bootstrap loader, be updated to The bootstrap loader of the new version.

2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the target program further includes the bootload journey of new version Sequence, the bootload program of the storage new version, comprising:

The bootload program of the new version is stored in first storage region.

3., will be in the ECU the method according to claim 1, wherein described by executing the more new procedures The bootstrap loader of legacy version in second storage region, is updated to the bootstrap loader of the new version, comprising:

Verify the new version bootstrap loader and legacy version in second storage region bootstrap loader whether Unanimously；

It, will be described when the bootstrap loader of the bootstrap loader and the legacy version that determine the new version is inconsistent The bootstrap loader of legacy version is updated to the bootstrap loader of the new version in the second storage region in ECU.

4. method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the method also includes:

In the bootstrap loader that the bootstrap loader of legacy version in second storage region is updated to the new version Afterwards, restore storage of the application program in first storage region.

5. a kind of device for updating bootstrap loader, which is characterized in that described device includes:

First memory module, for target program to be stored in the first storage region in electronic control unit ECU, the target Program includes at least more new procedures, and first storage region is before storing the target program for storing application program；

Second memory module, for storing the bootload program of new version；

Update module executes the more new procedures for passing through, by the guidance of legacy version adds in the second storage region in the ECU Program is carried, the bootstrap loader of the new version is updated to.

6. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the target program further includes the bootload journey of new version Sequence, second memory module, specifically for storing the bootload program of the new version in first storage region.

7. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the update module, comprising:

Verification unit, the guidance of bootstrap loader and legacy version in second storage region for verifying the new version Whether loading procedure is consistent；

Updating unit, the bootstrap loader for bootstrap loader and the legacy version when the determining new version are different When cause, the guidance that the bootstrap loader of legacy version is updated to the new version in the second storage region in the ECU is loaded Program.

8. according to the described in any item devices of claim 5 to 7, which is characterized in that described device further include:

Recovery module, for the bootstrap loader of legacy version in second storage region to be updated to the new version After bootstrap loader, restore storage of the application program in first storage region.