CN110193734B

CN110193734B - An internal push-type hydraulic dismantling quasi-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power electric spindle for loosening and broaching

Info

Publication number: CN110193734B
Application number: CN201910503988.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王立新; 翟雁; 张程焱; 张自军; 张跃智
Original assignee: Anyang Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Anyang Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2019-06-12
Filing date: 2019-06-12
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-12
Also published as: CN110193734A

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal push-type hydraulic dismantling precise-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power broaching electric spindle, belonging to the field of CNC machine tool components. The permanent magnet rotor part is provided with a permanent magnet stator part on the periphery, the permanent magnet stator part is fixed on the casing, the large cover and the bearing seat are respectively fixed on the left and right ends of the shell, and the large cover and the bearing seat are provided with the rotating support of the rotor shaft The right end of the rotor shaft is provided with a cylinder machine and a precise stop mechanism, and a ring spray cooling mechanism is provided on the large cover. The permanent magnet rotor part includes a rotor inner sleeve and a permanent magnet rotor, and the rotor inner sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the permanent magnet rotor. On the right end of the rotor inner sleeve, there are two oil passages leading to the oil cavity, which realizes the use of pressure oil to disassemble the permanent magnet rotor parts. The spindle has automatic tool change and precise parking.

Description

Internal pushing type hydraulic dismounting quasi-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power loose broach electric spindle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a numerical control machine tool component, and particularly relates to an internal pushing type hydraulic dismounting quasi-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power loose broach electric spindle.

Background

At present, a permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle is taken as one of future development trends of the electric spindle, has large transmission torque and compact structure, is gradually replacing a belt shaft and is widely adopted in domestic numerical control machines, the weight of the general permanent magnet synchronous high-power electric spindle is larger, the permanent magnet synchronous high-power electric spindle is taken as a core component rotor shaft of the permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle, particularly the weight of a core shaft and a rotor is larger, after the rotor is magnetized, scrap iron and the like are easily adsorbed in the processing and maintaining processes and are not easy to clear, and meanwhile, in order to ensure the rotation precision of the spindle, the rotor and the rotor shaft are generally assembled and disassembled in a taper fit mode, but the processing is difficult, and the rotor is not easy to disassemble, so that the production efficiency is influenced; in addition, the spindle has large processing amount in the operation process, the temperature rise of the processing center part is high, the processing quality of the spindle and a workpiece is influenced, and the spindle cannot stop rotating in time due to large inertia when the tool is changed in processing; and the loose broach mechanism is externally connected with a pneumatic mechanism on the main shaft, so that the whole length of the electric main shaft is increased, the volume of the machine body is increased, and the motion stability of the main shaft is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle technology, the invention provides an internal pushing type hydraulic dismounting accurate-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power loose broach electric spindle, which realizes convenient rotor dismounting, the electric spindle with a pneumatic driving loose broach mechanism is arranged on a rotor shaft, the cooling effect of the processed parts and the tool is good, the electric spindle is accurate in stopping, the electric spindle has high precision, long service life and high reliability.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an accurate synchronous high-power pine broach electricity main shaft that stops of accurate permanent magnetism of interior pushing-type hydraulic pressure dismantlement, includes rotor shaft 1, casing 6, rotor endotheca 7, permanent magnet rotor part 8, permanent magnet stator part 9, cylinder mechanism, accurate mechanism, pine broach mechanism, ring spray cooling body, its characterized in that: the permanent magnet rotor component 8 is coaxially fixed in the middle of the rotor shaft 1, the rotor shaft 1 is of a hollow inner cavity structure, and a loose broach mechanism is arranged in the hollow inner cavity of the rotor shaft 1;

a permanent magnet stator component 9 is arranged on the periphery of the permanent magnet rotor component 8, the permanent magnet stator component 9 is fixed in the middle of the inner side of the shell 6, the large cover 3 and the bearing seat 10 are respectively and fixedly sleeved at the left end and the right end of the shell 6, and the large cover 3 and the bearing seat 10 are both provided with a rotary support and a seal of the rotor shaft 1; the right end of the bearing seat 10 is provided with an air cylinder mechanism, the right side of the air cylinder mechanism on the rotor shaft 1 is provided with a quasi-stop mechanism, and the large cover 3 is provided with a circular spray cooling mechanism;

the permanent magnet rotor part 8 comprises a rotor inner sleeve 7 and a permanent magnet rotor, the rotor inner sleeve 7 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the permanent magnet rotor in an interference fit manner, a structure for compressing the permanent magnet rotor part 8 is arranged on the rotor shaft 1, a shaft shoulder is arranged at the left part of the rotor shaft 1 and used for positioning the left end of the permanent magnet rotor part 8, two oil passages leading to an oil cavity 73 are arranged at the right end of the rotor inner sleeve 7, the oil cavity 73 structure with the diameter larger than that of the left end and the right end of the rotor inner sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity of the rotor inner sleeve, the clearance between the inner wall of the oil cavity 73 and the rotor shaft 1 is 0.4-0.5mm, a left inner diameter section 71 and a right inner diameter section 72 are arranged at the two ends of the rotor inner sleeve and used for sealing, the left inner diameter section 71, the oil cavity 73 and the right inner diameter section 72 are all provided with the taper of which is 1:100 and the diameter of the right side is larger, the inner diameter size of the left inner diameter section 71 is smaller than the inner diameter of the right inner diameter section 72 so as to facilitate the rotor inner sleeve 7 to be detached from the right side of the rotor shaft 1, the pressure oil can enter and exit the oil cavity 73 of the rotor sleeve through two oil channels which are arranged at the right end of the rotor inner sleeve and lead to the inner cavity.

The loosening and broaching mechanism comprises a pull rod 27, a disc spring 25, a connecting pin 21 and a movable sleeve 22, wherein the pull rod 27 is arranged and installed in an inner cavity of a rotor shaft 1, the pull rod 27 is connected with the inner cavity of the rotor shaft 1 in a sliding manner along the left-right direction, an air passage is arranged in the inner cavity of the pull rod 27 and used for allowing pressure gas to pass through, the disc spring 25 is arranged between the right step of the pull rod 27 and the rotor shaft 1, the right section of the pull rod 27 is in sliding fit with a hollow inner cavity of the rotor shaft 1, a through key groove which penetrates through in the radial direction is arranged at the right part of the rotor shaft 1, the through key groove which penetrates through in the radial direction is in sliding fit with two ends of the connecting pin 21, the connecting pin 21 is arranged along the radial direction of the rotor shaft, the right end of the rotor shaft 1 is provided with the through key groove which penetrates through in the radial direction and used for limiting the left-right position of the connecting pin 21, two ends of the connecting pin 21 are fixed on the movable sleeve 22 and the rotor shaft 1 in a sliding manner along the left-right direction, the middle part of the connecting pin 21 is fixed with a pull rod 27.

The cylinder mechanism includes cylinder head I14, cylinder 15, piston 16, cylinder head II 17, I14 of cylinder head sets up the right-hand member of installing at bearing frame 10, cylinder 15 is installed in the right-hand member setting of I14 of this cylinder head, II 17 of cylinder head are installed in the right-hand member setting of this cylinder 15, be provided with intake duct and return air duct at the both ends of cylinder 15, respectively with the air cavity intercommunication at 15 both ends of cylinder, piston 16 is installed in the inner chamber setting of cylinder 15, this piston 16 is arranged in I14 of cylinder head and II 17's of cylinder head inner chamber, can the horizontal slip, piston 16 left-hand member inner chamber is provided with the step hole, the right-hand member face of step hole left end laminating movable sleeve 22.

Accurate stop mechanism includes support 18, speed measurement head 19, signaling nut 20, support 18 sets up the right-hand member of installing at cylinder head II 17, sets up at the lower extreme of support 18 and installs speed measurement head 19, and speed measurement head 19 is used for detecting the slew velocity of signaling nut, signaling nut 20 inner wall is provided with the screw thread, and the cooperation is installed on the screw thread section that the right-hand member of rotor shaft 1 set up.

The ring spraying cooling mechanism comprises a bearing seat 10, a shell 6, a big cover 3, an end cover 2 and spraying nozzles 31, wherein the bearing seat 10 is provided with an axial water channel, the water channel is communicated with the water channel arranged in the shell 6, the water channel arranged on the big cover 3 and the water channel arranged on the end cover 2, an annular water tank is arranged inside the end cover 2, and the annular water tank is communicated with the spraying nozzles 31 which are uniformly distributed and installed at the right end.

The big cover 3 and the bearing seat 10 are both provided with a rotor shaft 1, and the structure for rotatably supporting and sealing is as follows: the bearing set I4 is arranged in the big cover 3, the outer diameter of the left end of the rotor shaft 1 is provided with a threaded section and is provided with a nut I5, the nut I5 compresses the left bearing set I4 through a spacer bush I28, the inner hole of the bearing set I4 fixes the left end of the rotor shaft 1, a sealing ring I30 and a sealing cover I29 are arranged between the big cover 3 at the left end of the bearing set I4 and the rotor shaft 1, the sealing ring I30 and the sealing cover I29 form labyrinth seal, the sealing cover I29 is fixed on the big cover 3, the sealing ring I30 is fixed on the rotor shaft, the sealing ring I30 is compressed at the left end of the bearing set I4, a bearing set II 11 is arranged in the bearing block 10, a sealing ring II 24 and a shaft sealing cover II 12 are arranged between the bearing block II 11 at the right end of the bearing block and the rotor shaft 1 and used for sealing between the right end of the bearing block 10 and the rotor shaft 1, the sealing ring II 24 is fixed on the rotor shaft 1, and a sealing cover II 12 is fixed on the bearing seat 10, a sealing ring II 24 and the sealing cover II 12 form labyrinth sealing, a nut II 13 screwed on the rotor shaft 1 compresses a spacer II 23, and the spacer II 23 compresses the right end of the sealing ring II 24.

The hollow inner cavity at the left end of the rotor shaft 1 is of an HSK1:10 taper structure and is used for adapting to the shape of the cutter handle.

Accurate stop mechanism includes support, speed measuring head, signaling nut, the right-hand member at cylinder head II is installed in the support setting, sets up at the lower extreme of support and installs speed measuring head, signaling nut inner wall is provided with the screw thread, and the screw thread section that the right-hand member external diameter of rotor shaft set up is installed in the cooperation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the oil pressure device is adopted to disassemble the permanent magnet rotor part, so that the disassembly is convenient and simple; 2. the permanent magnet synchronous motor is adopted to replace the common motor for driving, the main shaft has large transmission torque, small volume, small heating of the rotor part and good low-speed performance; 3. the left end of the main shaft adopts HSK1:10 taper, and has good contact positioning, high connection rigidity and high repeated positioning precision; 3. the right end of the main shaft is provided with the accurate parking mechanism, so that the main shaft can be parked accurately, and the automation degree is high; 4. the main shaft is designed by integrating the air cylinder and the electric main shaft, so that the whole structure is compact, the automation degree is high, and the production efficiency is high; 5. a ring spraying cooling structure is designed at the left end of the main shaft, so that the temperature rise caused by the friction between a cutter and a workpiece during machining is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional structure view of an electric spindle of an inward-pushing type hydraulic dismounting quasi-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power broaching tool.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rotor structure of an inner-pushing type hydraulic dismounting quasi-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power broaching tool electric spindle.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an end cover structure of an inner-pushing type hydraulic dismounting quasi-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power loose broach electric spindle.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a signaling nut of an electric spindle of an inward-pushing type hydraulic dismounting quasi-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power loose broach.

In the figure, the reference numeral 1 is a rotor shaft, 2 is an end cover, 3 is a large cover, 4 is a bearing group I, 5 is a nut I, 6 is a shell, 7 is a rotor inner sleeve, 71 is a left inner diameter section, 72 is a right inner diameter section, 73 is an oil cavity, 8 is a permanent magnet rotor part, 9 is a permanent magnet stator part, 10 is a bearing seat, 11 is a bearing group II, 12 is a sealing cover II, 13 is a nut II, 14 is a cylinder cover I, 15 is a cylinder, 16 is a piston, 17 is a cylinder cover II, 18 is a bracket, 19 is a speed measuring head, 20 is a signaling nut, 21 is a connecting pin, 22 is a movable sleeve, 23 is a spacer sleeve II, 24 is a sealing ring II, 25 is a disc spring, 26 is a spacer sleeve, 27 is a pull rod, 28 is a spacer sleeve I, 29 is a sealing cover I, 30 is a sealing ring I, and 31 is an injection nozzle.

Detailed Description

The hydraulic dismounting quasi-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power loose broach electric spindle of the invention is described in more detail by a specific embodiment with reference to fig. 1.

As shown in figure 1, the inner-push type hydraulic dismounting quasi-stop permanent magnet synchronous high-power loose broach electric spindle comprises a rotor shaft 1, an end cover 2, a large cover 3, a bearing group I4, a nut I5, a shell 6, a rotor inner sleeve 7, a permanent magnet rotor part 8, a permanent magnet stator part 9, a bearing seat 10, a bearing group II 11, a sealing cover II 12, a nut II 13, a cylinder mechanism, a quasi-stop mechanism, a spacer sleeve II 23, a sealing ring II 24, a spacer sleeve 26, a loose broach mechanism, a spacer sleeve I28, a sealing cover I29, a sealing ring I30 and a ring spray cooling mechanism, wherein the permanent magnet rotor part is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rotor shaft 1, the rotor shaft 1 is of a hollow structure, the inner wall of the left end of the rotor shaft 1 is of an HSK1:10 taper structure, the thread section of the outer diameter of the left end of the rotor shaft 1 is provided with the nut I5, the nut I5 compresses the bearing group I4 through the spacer sleeve I28, the inner cavity of the rotor shaft 1 is provided with a broach loosing mechanism, the right end of the rotor shaft 1 is provided with a radial key slot for limiting the left and right positions of the connecting pin 21, the right end of the permanent magnet rotor component 8 is provided with an intermediate sleeve 26 for installing a compressing effect, the periphery of the permanent magnet rotor component is provided with a permanent magnet stator component 9, the permanent magnet stator component 9 is arranged and fixed in the middle of the shell 6, the big cover 3 and the bearing seat 10 are respectively and fixedly sleeved at the left end and the right end of the shell 6, the big cover 3 is internally provided with a bearing group I4, a sealing ring I30 and a sealing cover I29 which are positioned between the big cover 3 at the left end of the bearing group I4 and the rotor shaft 1 and have a sealing effect are arranged, the left end of the big cover 3 is provided with an end cover 2, the left end of the end cover 2 is provided with a spray nozzle 31 for cooling a workpiece and a cutter, the bearing group, and is compressed tightly and fixed with nut II 13 through spacer II 23, and this bearing frame 10 right-hand member sets up installs cylinder mechanism, and the right-hand member of this cylinder mechanism sets up installs accurate mechanism of stopping.

Permanent magnet rotor part 8 includes rotor endotheca 7 and permanent magnet rotor, 7 interference fixed settings of rotor endotheca are installed on permanent magnet rotor's inner wall, and well spacer 26 left end compresses tightly permanent

magnet rotor part

8, and 1 left part of rotor shaft is provided with the shaft shoulder for the left end location of rotor part 8, bearing group II compresses tightly 11 the right-hand member of well spacer 26, is used for the left and right sides orientation of permanent magnet rotor part 8 to be fixed. The right end of the rotor inner sleeve 7 is provided with two oil channels leading to an oil cavity 73, the inner wall of the right section of the oil channel is provided with a threaded section, the inner cavity of the rotor inner sleeve is provided with an oil cavity 73 structure with the diameter larger than that of the left end and the right end of the rotor inner sleeve, the gap between the inner wall of the oil cavity 73 and the rotor shaft 1 is 0.4-0.5mm, the two ends of the rotor inner sleeve are provided with a left inner diameter section 71 and a right inner diameter section 72 for sealing, the left inner diameter section 71, the oil cavity 73 and the right inner diameter section 72 are all provided with a taper with the diameter larger than the right side by 1:100, the inner diameter size of the left inner diameter section 71 is smaller than that of the right inner diameter section 72 so as to facilitate the rotor inner sleeve 7 to be detached from the right side of the rotor shaft 1, the oil cavity 73 is arranged in the middle of the oil sealing surface, and pressure oil can enter and exit from the oil cavity 73 arranged in the rotor sleeve through the two oil channels leading to the inner cavity arranged at the right end of the rotor inner sleeve.

The loosening broach mechanism comprises a pull rod 27, a disc spring 25, a connecting pin 21 and a movable sleeve 22, the pull rod 27 is arranged and installed in an inner cavity of a rotor shaft 1, the pull rod 27 is connected with the inner cavity of the rotor shaft 1 in a sliding mode along the left-right direction, the inner cavity of the pull rod 27 is provided with an air passage for passing through pressure gas, the disc spring 25 is arranged between a right section step of the pull rod 27 and the rotor shaft 1, the right part of the pull rod 27 is in sliding fit with a hollow inner cavity of the rotor shaft 1, the right part of the rotor shaft 1 is provided with a through key groove which penetrates through the rotor shaft in the radial direction, the two ends of the connecting pin 21 are in sliding fit with the through key groove and are arranged along the radial direction of the rotor shaft, the two ends of the connecting pin 21 outwards penetrate through the radial through key groove of the rotor shaft 1 and then are fixed on the movable sleeve 22, the movable sleeve 22 is connected with the rotor shaft 1 in a sliding mode along the left-right direction, and the middle of the connecting pin 21 is provided with the pull rod 27.

Accurate stop mechanism includes support 18, speed measurement head 19, signaling nut 20, support 18 sets up the right-hand member of installing at cylinder head II 17, sets up at the lower extreme of support 18 and installs speed measurement head 19, signaling nut 20 inner wall is provided with the screw thread, and the screw thread section of setting at the right-hand member external diameter of rotor shaft is installed in the cooperation.

The use process or working state of the invention is as follows: firstly, a frequency converter is externally connected, the rotor shaft 1 of the invention is driven to rotate at a high speed by the permanent magnet rotor component and the permanent magnet stator component 9, when tool changing is needed, pressure gas provided by an external air pump enters a right air cavity of the air cylinder 15 through an air inlet channel of a cylinder cover II 17 in the air cylinder mechanism to push the piston 16 to move leftwards, the piston 16 pushes the movable sleeve 22, the connecting pin 21 and the pull rod 27 to move leftwards together for tool releasing action, after tool changing is completed, the pressure gas stops supplying air, the pull rod 27 is pushed to move axially rightwards under the action of the tension force of the disc spring 25 to realize tensioning action, the piston 16 is pushed to move axially rightwards through the connecting pin 21 and the movable sleeve 22 to restore the initial state, and the pressure gas is exhausted through a gas.

When the main shaft needs to be accurately stopped, the rotating speed of the speed measuring head 19 on the bracket 18 is detected to send the rotating speed of the nut 20 to generate a digital signal for output, and the accurate stopping of the main shaft is controlled by receiving the digital signal, so that the rotating speed of the main shaft is effectively monitored.

When the spindle starts to process a workpiece, cooling water provided by an external cooling water pump enters a water channel of the bearing seat 10, passes through a water channel of the shell 6, a water channel of the big cover 3 and an annular water channel of the end cover 2, and is sprayed to a processing center part of the workpiece and a cutter through spraying nozzles 31 uniformly distributed on the end cover for cooling and lubricating.

When the main shaft is maintained and the rotor shaft 1 is used for disassembling the permanent magnet rotor part, the thread section arranged on one oil duct of the rotor inner sleeve 7 is plugged by a top thread, pressure oil is injected into the oil cavity 73 through the other oil duct of the rotor inner sleeve 7, the permanent magnet rotor part is axially displaced rightward through the pressure difference formed by the oil pressure in the rotor inner sleeve 7, and the disassembly is convenient and easy.

The above embodiments should not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an interior pushing-type hydraulic pressure is dismantled accurate synchronous high-power pine broach electricity main shaft of stopping permanent magnetism, its characterized in that: including rotor shaft (1), casing (6), rotor endotheca (7), permanent magnetism rotor part (8), permanent magnetism stator part (9), cylinder mechanism, accurate mechanism, pine broach mechanism, ring spout cooling body, its characterized in that: the permanent magnet rotor component (8) is coaxially fixed in the middle of the rotor shaft (1), the rotor shaft (1) is of a hollow inner cavity structure, and a loose broach mechanism is arranged in the hollow inner cavity of the rotor shaft (1); a permanent magnet stator component (9) is arranged on the periphery of the permanent magnet rotor component (8), the permanent magnet stator component (9) is fixed in the middle of the inner side of the shell (6), the large cover (3) and the bearing seat (10) are fixedly sleeved at the left end and the right end of the shell (6) respectively, and the large cover (3) and the bearing seat (10) are both provided with a rotary support and a seal of the rotor shaft (1); the right end of the bearing seat (10) is provided with an air cylinder mechanism, a quasi-stop mechanism is arranged on the rotor shaft (1) and positioned on the right side of the air cylinder mechanism, and the large cover (3) is provided with a circular spray cooling mechanism; the permanent magnet rotor part (8) comprises a rotor inner sleeve (7) and a permanent magnet rotor, the rotor inner sleeve (7) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the permanent magnet rotor in an interference mode, a structure for compressing the permanent magnet rotor part (8) is arranged on a rotor shaft (1), a shaft shoulder is arranged at the right part of the rotor shaft (1) and used for positioning the left end of the permanent magnet rotor part (8), two oil ducts leading to an oil cavity (73) are arranged at the right end of the rotor inner sleeve (7), an oil cavity (73) structure with the diameter larger than that of the left end and the right end of the inner cavity of the rotor inner sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity of the rotor inner sleeve, the gap between the inner wall of the oil cavity (73) and the rotor shaft (1) is 0.4-0.5mm, a left inner diameter section (71) and a right inner diameter section (72) are arranged at two ends of the rotor inner sleeve and used for sealing, and the left inner diameter section (71), the oil cavity (73) and the right inner diameter section (72) are respectively provided with the conicity of which is 1:100 and has the diameter larger right side, the inner diameter of the left inner diameter section (71) is smaller than the inner diameter of the right inner diameter section (72) so as to facilitate the detachment of the rotor inner sleeve (7) from the right side of the rotor shaft (1), and pressure oil can enter and exit an oil cavity (73) formed in the rotor sleeve through two oil channels which are formed in the right end of the rotor inner sleeve and lead to the inner cavity; the loosening broach mechanism comprises a pull rod (27), a disc spring (25), a connecting pin (21) and a movable sleeve (22), wherein the pull rod (27) is arranged and installed in an inner cavity of a rotor shaft (1), the pull rod (27) is in sliding connection with the inner cavity of the rotor shaft (1) along the left-right direction, an air passage is arranged in the inner cavity of the pull rod (27) and passes through pressure gas, a disc spring (25) is arranged between a right stage of the pull rod (27) and the rotor shaft (1), the right section of the pull rod (27) is in sliding fit with the hollow inner cavity of the rotor shaft (1), a through key groove which radially penetrates through is arranged at the right part of the rotor shaft (1), the through key groove which radially penetrates through is in sliding fit with two ends of the connecting pin (21), the connecting pin (21) is arranged along the radial direction of the rotor shaft (1), a through key groove which radially penetrates through is arranged at the right end of the rotor shaft (1) and used for limiting the left-right position of the connecting pin (21), two ends of the connecting pin (21) outwards penetrate through the radial through key groove of the rotor shaft (1) and then are fixed on the movable sleeve (22), the movable sleeve (22) is connected with the rotor shaft (1) in a sliding mode along the left-right direction, and a pull rod (27) is fixed in the middle of the connecting pin (21); the cylinder mechanism comprises a cylinder cover I (14), a cylinder (15), a piston (16) and a cylinder cover II (17), wherein the cylinder cover I (14) is arranged at the right end of a bearing seat (10), the right end of the cylinder cover I (14) is provided with the cylinder (15), the right end of the cylinder (15) is provided with the cylinder cover II (17), two ends of the cylinder (15) are provided with an air inlet channel and an air return channel which are respectively communicated with air cavities at two ends of the cylinder (15), the inner cavity of the cylinder (15) is provided with the piston (16), the piston (16) is positioned in the inner cavities of the cylinder cover I (14) and the cylinder cover II (17) and can slide left and right, the inner cavity at the left section of the piston (16) is provided with a step hole, and the left end face of the step hole is attached to the right end face of a movable sleeve (22); the accurate stopping mechanism comprises a support (18), a speed measuring head (19) and a signaling nut (20), wherein the support (18) is arranged at the right end of the cylinder cover II (17), the speed measuring head (19) is arranged at the lower end of the support (18), the speed measuring head (19) is used for detecting the rotating speed of the signaling nut, and the inner wall of the signaling nut (20) is provided with threads and is arranged on a thread section arranged at the right end of the rotor shaft (1) in a matching manner; the annular spraying cooling mechanism comprises a bearing seat (10), a shell (6), a large cover (3), an end cover (2) and spraying nozzles (31), wherein the bearing seat (10) is provided with an axial water channel which is communicated with a water channel arranged in the shell (6), the water channel arranged in the large cover (3) and the water channel arranged in the end cover (2), an annular water tank is arranged in the end cover (2), and the annular water tank is communicated with a plurality of uniformly distributed spraying nozzles (31) arranged at the right end; big lid (3), bearing frame (10) all be provided with the rotation of rotor shaft (1) and support and sealed structure do: a bearing group I (4) is arranged in a big cover (3), a screw thread section is arranged at the outer diameter of the left end of a rotor shaft (1) to install a nut I (5), the nut I (5) compresses the left bearing group I (4) through a spacer bush I (28), the left end of the rotor shaft (1) is fixed in an inner hole of the bearing group I (4), a sealing ring I (30) and a sealing cover I (29) are arranged between the left end big cover (3) of the bearing group I (4) and the rotor shaft (1), the sealing ring I (30) and the sealing cover I (29) form labyrinth sealing, the sealing cover I (29) is fixed on the big cover (3), the sealing ring I (30) is fixed on the rotor shaft, the left end of the bearing group I (4) is pressed to seal the sealing ring I (30), a bearing group II (11) is arranged in the bearing block (10), a sealing ring II (24) and a shaft sealing cover II (12) are arranged between the bearing block II (11) and the rotor shaft (1), the sealing device is used for sealing between the right end of a bearing seat (10) and a rotor shaft (1), a sealing ring II (24) is fixed on the rotor shaft (1), a sealing cover II (12) is fixed on the bearing seat (10), the sealing ring II (24) and the sealing cover II (12) form labyrinth sealing, a nut II (13) screwed on the rotor shaft (1) compresses a spacer sleeve II (23), and the spacer sleeve II (23) compresses the right end of the sealing ring II (24); the hollow inner cavity at the left end of the rotor shaft (1) is of an HSK1:10 taper structure and is used for adapting to the shape of the cutter handle.