CN110181981A - A kind of engraving machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an engraving machine, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment. It solves the problems of low stability and processing accuracy of the processing components of the existing engraving machine under a large moving stroke. The engraving machine includes a frame, a crossbeam horizontally arranged on the frame and a processing assembly with at least one cutter head. A guide sleeve is arranged on the crossbeam to slide along the horizontal direction, and a guide column is vertically pierced inside the guide sleeve. A guide rail is fixed along the length direction on the guide post, a guide block is fixed on the guide sleeve, the guide rail and the guide block are slidingly matched, and the processing component is arranged at the lower end of the guide post. The processing components of the engraving machine have high stability and high processing accuracy under a large moving stroke.

Description

an engraving machine

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment, and relates to an engraving machine.

Background technique

From the processing principle, engraving is a combination of drilling and milling. It has a wide range of applications, including woodworking engraving machines, laser engraving machines, advertising engraving machines, jade engraving machines, stone engraving machines, cylindrical engraving machines, etc. The engraving machine has a wide range of applications. Widely used, and even replaced the hand-carving technology, which laid the foundation for the mass and rapid production of products. When the engraving machine is engraving the workpiece, the cutter head needs to move and swing in different directions to realize the three-dimensional processing of the workpiece. Usually, the longitudinal adjustment is realized by the movement of the beam or the workpiece, the horizontal adjustment is realized by the movement of the horizontal carriage, and the vertical adjustment is realized by the vertical movement. The movement of the carriage or the workpiece realizes height adjustment. Since the horizontal carriage can be supported by the crossbeam during the movement process, but the vertical carriage will not be supported by the crossbeam after a large moving stroke, resulting in unstable processing components and processing The precision is low, so the movement stroke of the vertical carriage is usually small, and in order to fully process the workpiece with a high height, those skilled in the art think of vertically moving the workpiece or vertically moving the beam, so that the connecting processing components The carriage is always backed by the beam and supported by the beam to solve the problem of small vertical movement of processing components or low processing accuracy.

For example, a Chinese utility model patent application (application number: 201520770448.1) discloses an engraving machine. The machine frame of the engraving machine includes two sets of parallel support plates, and a crossbeam is installed above the two sets of support plates. An engraving device is installed on the crossbeam, and the engraving device is slidingly matched with the crossbeam. There is also a lifting device for lifting the car body under the engraving device. The lifting device is composed of a fast lifting structure and a fine-tuning structure. The body is jacked up until the wheels are in the air, and the fine-tuning structure adjusts the height of the body until the table is in a horizontal state, that is, the height and position of the workpiece is adjusted through the lifting device to match the processing of the processing components. Another example is the engraving machine disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent application (application number: 201720765693.2), the first slide rail is provided with a first slider, the top of the first slider is connected with a lifting rod, and one side of the lifting rod is installed with a first Drive the motor, the top of the lifting rod is provided with a horizontal plate, one side of the horizontal plate is provided with a second slide rail, the second slide rail is connected with a second slide block, one side of the second slide block is connected with an installation box, and the installation box A second drive motor is installed on one side of the installation box, and a through hole is provided on the other side of the installation box. A connecting rod is installed in the through hole. One end of the connecting rod is provided with a fixing ring. Move vertically to increase the vertical movement stroke of the cutter head. However, regardless of the workpiece and the beam, the weight is relatively large. The above-mentioned method of moving the workpiece or the beam vertically is laborious, and it is necessary to move heavy objects. It also leads to low movement accuracy, which in turn affects machining accuracy.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, and propose an engraving machine to solve the problem of low stability and processing accuracy of the processing components of the existing engraving machine under a large moving stroke.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: an engraving machine, comprising a frame, a crossbeam horizontally arranged on the frame and a processing assembly with at least one cutter head, wherein the A guide sleeve is slidably arranged, and a guide column is vertically pierced in the guide sleeve, and a guide rail is fixed on the guide column along the length direction, and a guide block is fixed on the guide sleeve, and the guide rail and the guide block slide In cooperation, the processing assembly is arranged at the lower end of the guide column.

The crossbeam moves along the horizontal direction to realize the adjustment of the horizontal position of the processing component, and the vertical movement of the guide column realizes the adjustment of the height position of the processing component, so that the processing component performs three-dimensional processing on the workpiece, wherein the processing component is located at the lower end of the guide column, and the guide column It has a certain length, so the processing assembly has a relatively large stroke in the vertical direction, and the processing assembly will be subjected to a relatively large reaction force during processing. Therefore, this application adopts a structural setting in which the guide sleeve hugs the guide column, so that The guide column is positioned by the guide sleeve in any horizontal direction, so that the processing component has a larger stroke, and it can still maintain sufficient stability and processing accuracy when it is far away from the guide sleeve. At the same time, the sliding fit between the guide rail and the guide block makes the guide column The movement is also more stable, and the accuracy of the movement stroke is also higher, thereby further improving the machining accuracy.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the beam is slidably arranged on the frame along the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal position adjustment of the cutter head is realized by the longitudinal movement of the beam.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the cross-sections of the guide sleeve and the guide column are rectangular, and the at least two inner surfaces of the guide sleeve and at least two outer surfaces of the guide column slide through the above-mentioned guide rail and the guide block respectively. Cooperate. The guide post and the guide sleeve are guided and cooperated between multiple surfaces, so that the guide post can be fully positioned to ensure stability. The guide can not only transmit the positioning force of the guide sleeve to the guide post, but also enable the guide post to Movement is smoother and more precise.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the guide sleeve includes a transverse carriage, two side plates and end plates, the transverse carriage is slidably connected to the beam along the transverse direction, and the two side plates are vertically fixed on the transverse carriage, The end plates are fixed on the two side plates, and the guide sleeve is surrounded by the horizontal drag plate, the two side plates and the end plates, and the guide column is hollow. The horizontal carriage is used as a part of the guide sleeve to simplify the structure and reduce the weight of the guide sleeve. Similarly, making the guide column a hollow structure can also reduce its weight, thereby improving the movement accuracy and processing accuracy. Of course, it can also be used in The horizontal carriage is slidingly set on the beam, and the guide sleeve adopts an integral structure and is fixed on the horizontal carriage.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the above-mentioned guide blocks are fixed on the inner sides of the two side plates, the above-mentioned guide rails are fixed on the two sides of the guide column, and the guide rails on both sides of the guide column are respectively connected to the two side plates. The guide block on the sliding connection. Through the cooperation of the guide blocks on both sides and the guide rails, the guide column is positioned in the lateral direction to withstand the lateral force in the process of processing, ensuring stability and processing accuracy.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the above-mentioned guide block is fixed on the inner side of the end plate, the above-mentioned guide rail is fixed on the front side of the guide column, and the guide rail on the front side of the guide column is slidably matched with the guide block on the end plate . Through the cooperation of the guide block on the front side and the guide rail, the guide column is positioned in the front and rear directions to withstand the force in the front and rear directions during the processing process, ensuring stability and processing accuracy.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, several support plates are horizontally fixed on the front side of the horizontal carriage, and the support plates are arranged vertically, and the edges on both sides of the support plates respectively abut against the inner surfaces of the two side plates Fixed, there are some reinforcing ribs on the outer surface of the two side plates. During the process of processing components, the guide sleeve will be subjected to a large reaction force. The inner side of the guide sleeve is supported by the support plate, and the outer side of the wire sleeve is processed by the reinforcing rib to improve the structural strength of the guide sleeve, thereby ensuring the overall stability.

In the engraving machine described above, the frame includes a rectangular frame-shaped underframe and two support beams fixed on the underframe through several columns, and the two ends of the crossbeam are respectively slidably connected to the two support beams. The frame is provided with several adjustment mechanisms that support the bottom frame and can adjust the height of the bottom frame. The support beam is supported and fixed by the column, so that the beam has a larger height, and then there is a larger space under the beam for the three-dimensional translation of the processing components, and the overall height of the rack can be adjusted through the adjustment mechanism, which is suitable for different heights The workpiece, combined with the large vertical travel stroke of the guide column, so the applicability is better.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the adjustment mechanism includes a cylindrical support seat, a screw sleeve is fixed on the inner peripheral surface of the support seat, a screw rod is connected to the bottom frame in rotation, and the screw rod is vertically arranged, and the screw rod The lower end of the screw is screwed in the screw sleeve, and the frame is provided with an adjusting motor capable of driving several screw rods to rotate synchronously. The adjusting motor drives several screw rods to rotate synchronously. Under the support of the support base, the adjusting motor and the screw rods go up and down together with the frame. After the adjustment is in place, the screw rod and the screw sleeve can lock themselves, thereby locking the height of the frame.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the four corners of the underframe are provided with the above-mentioned screw rods, and the lateral sides of the underframe are rotatably connected with transmission rods, and the transmission rods are arranged along the front and rear directions. Both ends are fixed with worms, and the upper ends of the screws are fixed with worm gears, and the worms at both ends of the transmission rod are respectively engaged with the worm gears on the two screws on the same side, and the rear ends of the two transmission rods are fixed with pulleys, and A transmission belt is sheathed on the two pulleys, and the motor shaft of the adjusting motor is connected with one of the transmission rods. The adjusting motor drives one of the transmission rods to rotate. The transmission rod drives the other transmission rod to rotate synchronously through the transmission belt and the pulley. The two transmission rods drive the four screws to rotate synchronously through the cooperation of the worm wheel and the worm, which has good synchronization. Thereby ensuring the stability of the rack.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the four corners of the chassis are fixed with mounting plates, the screw is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and a sliding sleeve is vertically fixed on the lower side of the mounting plate, and the sliding sleeve covers It is arranged on the supporting seat, and the sliding sleeve is slidingly matched with the supporting seat. The sliding sleeve and the supporting seat are slidably matched to play a guiding role, so that the connection between the supporting seat and the frame is more stable.

In the above engraving machine, the adjustment mechanism includes several oil cylinders, the several oil cylinders are vertically arranged, and the piston rods of the several oil cylinders are vertically upward and are fixedly connected with the bottom of the chassis. The height adjustment of the frame is realized through the synchronous expansion and contraction of the piston rods of several oil cylinders.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, a vertical driving part capable of driving the guiding post up and down is provided between the guide sleeve and the guiding post, and the vertical driving part includes a screw nut mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism or an air cylinder. The vertical driving part drives the guide column up and down, so as to realize the adjustment of the height position of the processing component.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the vertical driving part is a screw nut mechanism, and the screw nut mechanism includes a vertical nut fixed on the inner surface of the guide sleeve, and the rear side of the guide post is vertically rotatably connected. There is a vertical screw rod, the vertical screw rod is screwed with the vertical nut, the top of the guide column is fixed with a vertical motor, and the vertical motor is connected with the vertical screw rod. Because the guide column is positioned by the guide sleeve, the stability is high, so the vertical motor as the power output source is directly fixed on the upper end of the guide column, and it rises and falls with the guide column together with the vertical screw rod, thereby ensuring stability.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the lower end of the guide column is rotatably connected to a rotating seat, and the rotating axis of the rotating seat is arranged vertically. The processing assembly includes a processing motor, which is rotatably connected to the rotating seat. And the rotation axis of the processing motor is arranged along the horizontal direction, and the cutter head is installed on the processing motor. The adjustment of the horizontal orientation of the cutter head is realized through the rotating seat, and the vertical direction adjustment of the cutter head is realized through the rotation of the processing motor itself, so as to perform three-dimensional processing on the workpiece.

In the above-mentioned engraving machine, the two supporting beams are arranged along the front-to-back direction, and longitudinal slide rails are fixed on the two supporting beams along the front-back direction, and the two ends of the cross beam are respectively slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rails on the two supporting beams. A transverse slide rail is fixed on the transverse beam along the transverse direction, and the guide sleeve is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail. The vertical movement of the crossbeam realizes the longitudinal position adjustment of the cutter head, the lateral movement of the horizontal carriage realizes the horizontal position adjustment of the cutter head, and the vertical movement of the guide column realizes the height position adjustment of the cutter head, combined with the rotation of the rotating seat and the processing motor, and then Realize the five-dimensional movement of the cutter head.

Compared with the existing technology, this engraving machine has the following advantages:

1. Due to the structural setting of the guide sleeve to hold the guide column tightly, the guide column is positioned by the guide sleeve in any horizontal direction, so that the stroke of the processing component is relatively large, and it can still maintain sufficient stability and stability when it is far away from the guide sleeve. Precision.

2. Because the guide sleeve is combined with guide blocks at different positions, the guide column can be positioned in different directions, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the processing components.

3. Since the bottom frame is also equipped with several adjustment mechanisms that support the bottom frame and can adjust the height of the bottom frame, the overall height of the frame can be adjusted through the adjustment mechanism, which is suitable for workpieces of different heights. The vertical movement stroke, so the applicability is better.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an engraving machine.

Figure 2 is a structural top view of the engraving machine.

Fig. 3 is a structural sectional view at A-A in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure at point C in Fig. 2 .

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure at D in FIG. 3 .

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the partial structure at E-E in Fig. 2 .

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the structure at F in FIG. 1 .

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the partial structure at G-G in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the engraving machine in the second embodiment.

In the figure, 1, frame; 11, underframe; 111, mounting plate; 12, column; 13, support beam; 131, longitudinal slide rail; 2, beam; 21, transverse slide rail; 22, support; 221, Longitudinal slider; 3, guide sleeve; 31, horizontal carriage; 311, vertical nut; 312, horizontal slider; 32, side plate; 33, end plate; 34, support plate; 35, rib; 36, guide 4, guide column; 41, guide rail; 42, vertical screw rod; 43, vertical motor; 44, rotating seat; 45, horizontal steering motor; 46, vertical steering motor; 5, processing assembly; 51, processing Motor; 52, cutter head; 6, adjustment mechanism; 61, support seat; 62, screw sleeve; 63, screw rod; 631, worm wheel; 64, transmission rod; 641, worm screw; 642, pulley; 643, transmission belt; Regulating motor; 66, sliding sleeve; 67, oil cylinder.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Embodiment one:

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of engraving machine comprises frame 1, crossbeam 2, guide sleeve 3, guide column 4 and processing assembly 5, frame 1 includes chassis 11 and two support beams 13, chassis 11 is rectangular frame Shape, on the bottom frame 11 vertically fixed with a number of columns 12, two support beams 13 are fixed on the top of the column 12, so that the two support beams 13 are arranged horizontally along the longitudinal direction, and the height of the two support beams 13 is consistent, between the two support beams 13 There is space for placing workpieces, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a pair of longitudinal slide rails 131 are fixed longitudinally on the upper sides of the two support beams 13, and the two ends of the cross beam 2 all have downward bearings 22 , longitudinal sliding blocks 221 are fixed on the bottoms of the supports 22, and the two supports 22 are slidably connected to the longitudinal sliding rails 131 of the two supporting beams 13 through the longitudinal sliding blocks 221 respectively. The crossbeam 2 is arranged horizontally along the transverse direction, and a pair of transverse slide rails 21 are fixed along the transverse direction on the front side of the crossbeam 2, and the transverse slide block 312 is fixed on the guide sleeve 3, and the transverse slide block 312 is slidably connected on the transverse slide rail 21, and the guide sleeve The center line of 3 is arranged vertically, and the guide column 4 is vertically pierced in the guide sleeve 3, and the guide column 4 is slidingly matched with the guide sleeve 3, and the lower end of the guide column 4 is rotatably connected with a rotating seat 44, and the rotating seat The axis of rotation of 44 is arranged vertically, and processing assembly 5 comprises processing motor 51 and cutter head 52, and processing motor 51 is rotatably connected on the rotating seat 44, and the axis of rotation of processing motor 51 is arranged along horizontal direction, and cutter head 52 is installed on the processing motor 51, the beam 2 and the guide sleeve 3 are all driven by their respective motors and screw nuts, and a horizontal steering motor 45 is fixed inside the lower end of the guide column 4, and the horizontal steering motor 45 is driven to rotate by a reducer Seat 44 rotates, and vertical steering motor 46 is fixed on the rotating seat 44, and this vertical steering motor 46 drives processing motor 51 to swing by modes such as belt pulley transmission, gear transmission.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the cross section of the guide sleeve 3 is rectangular, and includes a transverse carriage 31 , two side plates 32 and an end plate 33 , and the transverse slider 312 is fixed on the rear side of the transverse carriage 31 Above, the two side plates 32 are vertically fixed on the front side of the horizontal carriage 31, and the end plates 33 are fixed on the front edge of the two side plates 32, that is, the transverse carriage 31, the two side plates 32 and the ends encircle the guide Cover 3, and three support plates 34 are horizontally fixed on the front side of the horizontal carriage 31, and the three support plates 34 are vertically arranged. The edges on both sides of the support plate 34 are fixed against the inner surfaces of the two side plates 32 respectively, so as to support the two side plates 32, and there are also a plurality of vertically arranged reinforcing ribs 35 on the outer sides of the two side plates 32. , and the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing rib 35 is set along the front-rear direction. As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the guide column 4 is a hollow structure, and guide rails 41 are fixed on the lateral sides of the guide column 4. The guide rail 41 is arranged vertically, and the two ends of the guide rail 41 respectively extend to the guide The two ends of column 4 are fixed with three guide blocks 36 on the inner side surfaces of both side plates 32, and the three guide blocks 36 on the same side plate 32 are vertically arranged, and the guide rails 41 on both sides of guide column 4 are respectively connected with The guide blocks 36 on the two side plates 32 are slidingly fitted, and two guide rails 41 are fixed on the front side of the guide column 4. The two guide rails 41 are arranged vertically, and the two ends of the guide rails 41 extend to the guide column 4 respectively. The two ends of the end plate 33 are fixed with two guide blocks 36 on the inner surface of the end plate 33, and the two guide rails 41 on the front side of the guide column 4 are slidably matched with the two guide blocks 36 on the end plate 33 respectively. Also be provided with screw nut mechanism between guide sleeve 3 and guide column 4, screw screw nut mechanism comprises the vertical nut 311 that is fixed on the inner surface of guide sleeve 3, vertically rotates on the guide column 4 rear side and is connected with vertical nut 311. To the screw rod 42 , the vertical screw rod 42 is screwed with the vertical nut 311 , and the top of the guide column 4 is fixed with a vertical motor 43 , and the vertical motor 43 is connected to the vertical screw rod 42 .

As shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the four corners of the underframe 11 are provided with an adjustment mechanism 6 capable of adjusting the height of the underframe 11. Specifically, the adjustment mechanism 6 includes a cylindrical support seat 61, and the four corners of the underframe 11 Mounting plate 111 is fixed horizontally at each corner, and sliding sleeve 66 is vertically fixed on the lower side of mounting plate 111. Screw sleeve 62 is fixed on the inner peripheral surface of 61, screw rod 63 is connected with rotation on mounting plate 111, and screw rod 63 is vertically arranged, and the lower end of screw rod 63 stretches into support seat 61 and is screwed with screw sleeve 62, and the upper end of screw rod 63 Worm gears 631 are fixed, and transmission rods 64 are connected to both lateral sides of the underframe 11 in rotation, and the transmission rods 64 are arranged along the front and rear directions. Engage with the worm gears 631 on the two screw rods 63 on the same side respectively, the rear ends of the two transmission rods 64 are fixed with pulleys 642, and the two pulleys 642 are covered with transmission belts 643, and an adjusting motor is fixed on a mounting plate 111 65, and the motor shaft of the adjusting motor 65 is connected with one of the transmission rods 64.

Embodiment two:

The structure of the engraving machine is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that as shown in Figure 10, the adjustment mechanism 6 includes four oil cylinders 67, the four oil cylinders 67 are vertically arranged, and the four oil cylinders 67 are respectively located on the four sides of the chassis 11. a corner, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder 67 faces and is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 111.

Embodiment three:

The structure of the engraving machine is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that the frame 1 includes two columns, and the two columns are arranged in the transverse direction, and the two ends of the beam 2 are respectively fixed on the tops of the two columns, between the two columns There is a base between them, and the base is located below the crossbeam 2. A longitudinal slide rail 131 is fixed longitudinally on the base, and a processing platform is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail 131. The processing platform is set horizontally for positioning workpieces. Driven by a rod nut assembly or a rack and pinion assembly, the workpiece is driven to move longitudinally through the processing platform, and at the same time combined with the lateral movement of the guide sleeve 3 and the vertical movement of the guide column 4, the three-dimensional translation of the cutter head 52 relative to the workpiece is realized. There may be multiple pairs of rails 131, so that there are multiple processing platforms arranged in a transverse direction.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or adopt similar methods to replace them, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definition of the appended claims range.

Although terms such as rack 1 , chassis 11 , and mounting plate 111 are frequently used in this document, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only for the purpose of describing and explaining the essence of the present invention more conveniently; interpreting them as any kind of additional limitation is against the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. an engraving machine, comprising a frame (1), a crossbeam (2) horizontally arranged on the frame (1) and a processing assembly (5) with at least one cutter head (52), it is characterized in that the A guide sleeve (3) is slidably arranged on the beam (2) along the horizontal direction, and a guide column (4) is pierced in the guide sleeve (3) along the vertical direction, and the guide column (4) is fixed along the length direction. There is a guide rail (41), and a guide block (36) is fixed on the guide sleeve (3), and the guide rail (41) is slidably matched with the guide block (36), and the processing assembly (5) is arranged on the guide column (4 ) at the lower end. 2. The engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the crossbeam (2) is slidingly arranged on the frame (1) along the longitudinal direction. 3. engraving machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the cross-section of described guide sleeve (3) and guide post (4) all is rectangular, at least two inner surfaces of described guide sleeve (3) and At least two outer surfaces of the guide column (4) are slidingly matched with the guide block (36) through the above-mentioned guide rails (41). 4. The engraving machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, the guide sleeve (3) comprises a horizontal carriage (31), two side plates (32) and an end plate (33), and the horizontal carriage ( 31) Slidingly connected to the crossbeam (2) along the horizontal direction, the two side plates (32) are vertically fixed on the horizontal carriage (31), and the end plates (33) are fixed on the two side plates (32), And the horizontal carriage (31), the side plates (32) and the end plates (33) enclose the above-mentioned guide sleeve (3), and the guide column (4) is a hollow structure. 5. The engraving machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, the above-mentioned guide blocks (36) are fixed on the inner surfaces of the two side plates (32), and the two side surfaces of the guide columns (4) The above-mentioned guide rails (41) are all fixed, and the guide rails (41) on both sides of the guide column (4) are respectively slidably connected with the guide blocks (36) on the two side plates (32). 6. The engraving machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, the above-mentioned guide block (36) is fixed on the inner side of the end plate (33), and the above-mentioned guide block (36) is fixed on the front side of the guide column (4). guide rail (41), and the guide rail (41) on the front side of the guide column (4) is slidably matched with the guide block (36) on the end plate (33). 7. The engraving machine according to claim 4 or 5 or 6, characterized in that, several support plates (34) are horizontally fixed on the front side of the horizontal carriage (31), and the several support plates (34) are along the Arranged vertically, the two side edges of the support plate (34) are fixed against the inner surfaces of the two side plates (32) respectively, and there are several reinforcing ribs (35) on the outer surfaces of the two side plates (32). 8. The engraving machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the frame (1) comprises a rectangular frame-shaped underframe (11) and is fixed on the underframe by several columns (12). Two supporting beams (13) on (11), the two ends of the crossbeam (2) are slidingly connected respectively on the two supporting beams (13), and the underframe (11) is provided with several pairs of underframes (11) An adjustment mechanism (6) supporting and capable of adjusting the height of the chassis (11). 9. The engraving machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, the adjustment mechanism (6) includes a cylindrical support seat (61), and a screw sleeve (62) is fixed on the inner peripheral surface of the support seat (61). ), the bottom frame (11) is rotatably connected with a screw rod (63), and the screw rod (63) is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the screw rod (63) is screwed in the screw sleeve (62), and the frame ( 1) It is provided with an adjusting motor (65) that can drive several screw rods (63) to rotate synchronously. 10. The engraving machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, the four corners of the underframe (11) are provided with the above-mentioned screw rods (63), and both lateral sides of the underframe (11) rotate A drive rod (64) is connected, and the drive rod (64) is arranged along the front-rear direction, the two ends of the drive rod (64) are fixed with a worm (641), and the upper end of the screw rod (63) is fixed with a worm wheel ( 631), and the worms (641) at both ends of the transmission rod (64) are respectively engaged with the worm wheels (631) on the two screw rods (63) on the same side, and the rear ends of the two transmission rods (64) are fixed with pulleys ( 642), and the two pulleys (642) are sheathed with transmission belts (643), and the motor shaft of the adjustment motor (65) is connected with one of the transmission rods (64). 11. The engraving machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, four corners of the chassis (11) are fixed with mounting plates (111), and the screw (63) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (111) ), a sliding sleeve (66) is vertically fixed on the lower side of the mounting plate (111), and the sliding sleeve (66) is sleeved on the support seat (61), and the sliding sleeve (66) and the support seat ( 61) Slip fit. 12. The engraving machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, the regulating mechanism (6) includes several oil cylinders (67), the several oil cylinders (67) are vertically arranged, and the piston rods of the several oil cylinders (67) are vertically arranged. Straight up and firmly connected with the bottom of the chassis (11). 13. The engraving machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, between the guide sleeve (3) and the guide column (4), there is a device capable of driving the guide column (4) up and down. The vertical driving member includes a screw nut mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism or an air cylinder. 14. The engraving machine according to claim 13, characterized in that, the vertical driving member is a screw nut mechanism, and the screw nut mechanism includes a vertical nut ( 311), the rear side of the guide column (4) is vertically rotated and connected with a vertical screw (42), the vertical screw (42) is screwed with the vertical nut (311), and the guide A vertical motor (43) is fixed on the top of the column (4), and the vertical motor (43) is connected with the vertical screw mandrel (42). 15. The engraving machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, the lower end of the guide column (4) is rotatably connected with a rotating seat (44), and the rotating axis of the rotating seat (44) The line is arranged vertically, and the processing assembly (5) includes a processing motor (51), which is rotatably connected to the rotating seat (44), and the rotation axis of the processing motor (51) is along the horizontal direction. Set, the cutter head (52) is installed on the processing motor (51). 16. The engraving machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, the two supporting beams (13) are arranged along the front and rear directions, and longitudinal slide rails (131) are fixed on the two supporting beams (13) along the front and rear directions , the two ends of the crossbeam (2) are slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rails (131) on the two support beams (13) respectively, and the crossbeam (2) is fixed with a transverse slide rail (21) along the transverse direction. The guide sleeve (3) is slidably connected on the transverse slide rail (21).