CN110176339B - Method, system and medium for adjusting magnetic declination angle of permanent magnet with superconducting eye structure - Google Patents
Method, system and medium for adjusting magnetic declination angle of permanent magnet with superconducting eye structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法、系统及介质，包括：眼型永磁体制备步骤：对第一超导带材进行切割，然后再对切割后的第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压，形成单匝的超导眼型永磁体，将多个单匝的眼型磁体进行堆叠，获得多匝的超导眼型永磁体；高温超导带材堆叠步骤：将多个高温超导带材进行堆叠，获得超导堆叠带材，将获得的超导堆叠带材设置在在获得的多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙中。本发明通过简单的超导堆叠带材，便能实现对眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的调控，使得该型磁通的磁场均一性得到了提升和优化。此方法投入成本小，产生效益高，可为眼型结构永磁体的工程化应用带来促进作用。
The invention provides a method, a system and a medium for adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet. A superconducting tape is stretched and extruded to form a single-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet, and multiple single-turn eye-shaped permanent magnets are stacked to obtain a multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet; high-temperature superconducting tape Material stacking step: stacking a plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes to obtain a superconducting stacked tape, and disposing the obtained superconducting stacked tape in the air gap of the obtained multi-turn superconducting eye-type permanent magnet. The invention can realize the adjustment and control of the magnetic declination angle of the eye-shaped structure permanent magnet through simple superconducting stacked strips, so that the magnetic field uniformity of the type of magnetic flux is improved and optimized. This method has low investment cost and high yield, and can promote the engineering application of eye-shaped structure permanent magnets.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及超导永磁体技术领域，具体地，涉及调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法、系统及介质。The present invention relates to the technical field of superconducting permanent magnets, and in particular, to a method, a system and a medium for adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure.
背景技术Background technique
随着现代电力系统、航空航天等产业对设备的容量以及能量密度需求的提高。基于常规永磁体(铁氧体，如铁硼)的设备已经逐渐无法满足对应需求。突破传统设计瓶颈，需要永磁体在相同尺寸下提供更高的磁场，而高温超导永磁体则是一项理想的替代技术。With the increase in the capacity and energy density of equipment in modern power systems, aerospace and other industries. Devices based on conventional permanent magnets (ferrites, such as iron boron) have gradually been unable to meet the corresponding demands. Breaking through the traditional design bottleneck requires permanent magnets to provide higher magnetic fields at the same size, and high-temperature superconducting permanent magnets are an ideal alternative technology.
随着高温超导材料的产业化以及生产工艺的成熟化，高温超导永磁体与常规永磁体之间的价格差距也将逐渐缩小。与此同时，由于总体价格的下降，使得高温超导永磁体在高性能电机、移动式医疗等新兴领域中的应用成为了可能。基于二代高温超导材料的移动式医疗磁体，由于其额定工作温度的提升将显著降低医疗设备的运行维护成本。基于固氮等制冷剂的无制冷机系统，将进一步降低医疗磁体的体积与重量、使得移动式医疗磁体在医疗欠发达地区以及现代战场的应用成为可能。而移动式医疗磁体的使用可以显著提高自然灾害现场、现代战场等场合的医疗诊断精度，同时其在医疗欠发达地区的应用将有效提升边远地区的医疗水平。With the industrialization of high-temperature superconducting materials and the maturity of production processes, the price gap between high-temperature superconducting permanent magnets and conventional permanent magnets will gradually narrow. At the same time, due to the decline in overall prices, the application of high-temperature superconducting permanent magnets in emerging fields such as high-performance motors and mobile medical care has become possible. The mobile medical magnet based on the second-generation high-temperature superconducting material will significantly reduce the operation and maintenance cost of medical equipment due to the increase in its rated operating temperature. Refrigerator-free systems based on nitrogen-fixing refrigerants will further reduce the volume and weight of medical magnets, making it possible for mobile medical magnets to be used in medically underdeveloped areas and modern battlefields. The use of mobile medical magnets can significantly improve the accuracy of medical diagnosis in natural disasters, modern battlefields and other occasions. At the same time, its application in medically underdeveloped areas will effectively improve the medical level in remote areas.
高温超导永磁体的研究已经开展了超过20年，永磁体的主要存在形式包括了超导块材永磁体，堆叠带材永磁体，以及新型的眼型结构永磁体。超导块材、堆叠带材永磁体的研究已经开展很久，其励磁机理以及励磁技术也相对成熟，两者均可俘获高达17T以上的磁场。超导眼型结构永磁体于2008年被提出，先后应用在磁屏蔽腔、超导变压器、超导限流器等电力设备中，近些年才重新回到永磁体的研究路线上来。The research of high-temperature superconducting permanent magnets has been carried out for more than 20 years. The main forms of permanent magnets include superconducting bulk permanent magnets, stacked strip permanent magnets, and new-type eye-shaped permanent magnets. The research on superconducting bulk and stacked strip permanent magnets has been carried out for a long time, and their excitation mechanism and excitation technology are relatively mature, both of which can capture magnetic fields up to 17T or more. The superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet was proposed in 2008 and has been used in magnetic shielding cavities, superconducting transformers, superconducting current limiters and other power equipment, and has only returned to the research route of permanent magnets in recent years.
超导眼型永磁体由多根高温超导带材经过切割、堆叠等工艺后加工而成。首先超导带材经过机械或者激光切割的方式进行切分，形成如图1所示两端相连、中间断开的结构；之后将切割完成的超导带材堆叠，沿中心的切割线进行撑开并固定于中心支撑件上；最后可根据应用场合进行不同类型的固化封装。The superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet is processed by cutting and stacking multiple high-temperature superconducting strips. First, the superconducting tape is cut by mechanical or laser cutting to form a structure with both ends connected and the middle disconnected as shown in Figure 1; then the cut superconducting tapes are stacked and supported along the central cutting line. Open and fix on the central support; finally, different types of curing packages can be carried out according to the application.
与超导块材、超导堆叠带材永磁体相比，超导眼型永磁体具有以下几项特点：1.大尺寸，形状多变：由于超导眼型结构永磁体是由超导带材切割后撑开而制成的，在保证材料最小转弯半径的基础上可将永磁体的包裹空间设计为各种形状，如眼型、跑道型、圆角长方形等。2.材料的均匀度依赖低：磁体由多根短带切割而成，超导带材沿长度方向的均匀度只会影响到单根带材撑开后形成环流的能力。磁体最终俘获磁场的大小为多根带材产生环流的累加，单个缺陷点将不会过多的影响到整个磁体的性能。另一方面由于带材切开后直接采用堆叠的方式进行扩展，带材与带材之间不存在绝缘层，超导永磁体处于一种类似于无绝缘线圈的状态。在实际应用中，如果出现局部缺陷点，超导磁体也将如超导无绝缘线圈一样，通过径向电流的形式来绕过缺陷点；如果磁体失超也将通过径向电流的方式来释放能量。3.励磁效果不同：由于常规超导永磁体的励磁方式中，外加磁场均垂直于带材a-b面，即超导材料处于垂直磁场中；而超导眼型永磁体励磁过程中外加磁场平行与a-b面，即超导材料处于平行磁场中，故理论上眼型超导永磁体相较于堆叠带材可以提供更高的中心磁场。此外，得益于高温超导带材基带层的存在，超导眼型永磁体中超导层将受到基带层的机械支撑，该类型超导永磁体在机械性能上将优于超导块材。Compared with superconducting bulk and superconducting stacked strip permanent magnets, superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets have the following characteristics: 1. Large size and variable shapes: Since the superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets are made of superconducting strips The permanent magnet can be designed into various shapes, such as eye shape, track shape, rounded rectangle, etc., on the basis of ensuring the minimum turning radius of the material. 2. Low dependence on material uniformity: The magnet is cut from multiple short strips, and the uniformity of the superconducting strip along the length direction will only affect the ability of a single strip to form a circulation after being stretched. The size of the magnetic field captured by the magnet is the accumulation of the circulating currents generated by multiple strips, and a single defect point will not affect the performance of the entire magnet too much. On the other hand, since the strip is directly expanded by stacking after being cut, there is no insulating layer between the strips, and the superconducting permanent magnet is in a state similar to an uninsulated coil. In practical applications, if there is a local defect point, the superconducting magnet will bypass the defect point in the form of radial current just like the superconducting non-insulated coil; if the magnet quenches, it will also be released by the way of radial current. energy. 3. The excitation effect is different: because in the excitation mode of the conventional superconducting permanent magnet, the external magnetic field is perpendicular to the a-b surface of the strip, that is, the superconducting material is in the vertical magnetic field; while the superconducting eye type permanent magnet excitation process The external magnetic field is parallel to the The a-b plane, that is, the superconducting material is in a parallel magnetic field, so theoretically, the eye-shaped superconducting permanent magnet can provide a higher central magnetic field than the stacked strip. In addition, thanks to the existence of the baseband layer of the high-temperature superconducting tape, the superconducting layer in the superconducting eye-type permanent magnet will be mechanically supported by the baseband layer, and this type of superconducting permanent magnet will have better mechanical properties than the superconducting bulk material. .
但是，如图2所示，由于眼型结构的空间不对称性，使得永磁体产生磁场存在磁偏角，典型单分裂超导眼型永磁体的俘获磁场并不对称，永磁体宏观俘获磁场发生了偏移。磁偏角的存在是超导眼型永磁体工业应用的一项主要的限制因素。However, as shown in Figure 2, due to the spatial asymmetry of the eye-shaped structure, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet has a magnetic declination angle. The trapped magnetic field of a typical single-split superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet is not asymmetric, and the macroscopic trapped magnetic field of the permanent magnet occurs. offset. The existence of magnetic declination is a major limiting factor for the industrial application of superconducting eye-type permanent magnets.
经过检索发现，目前，还没有一种有效的方式来补偿超导眼型永磁体的磁偏角，亦无公开的专利和文献。仅有部分类似的文献，其主要内容如下：After searching, it is found that at present, there is no effective way to compensate the magnetic declination angle of the superconducting eye-type permanent magnet, and there are no published patents and documents. There are only some similar literatures, the main contents of which are as follows:
文献：Qiu D et al 2017 Experiment and numerical analysis on magneticfield stability of persistent current mode coil made of HTScoated conductorsIEEE Trans.Appl.Supercond.27 1–5中作者针对超导眼型永磁体的磁场俘获特性进行了较为系统性的研究，重点针对该类型超导永磁体俘获磁场的时间、空间均一性进行了精确标定。但却未提及如何更改超导眼型永磁体的磁偏角。Literature: Qiu D et al 2017 Experiment and numerical analysis on magneticfield stability of persistent current mode coil made of HTScoated conductors IEEE Trans.Appl.Supercond.27 1–5 The authors systematically compared the magnetic field capture characteristics of superconducting eye-type permanent magnets The research focused on the accurate calibration of the time and space uniformity of the trapped magnetic field of this type of superconducting permanent magnet. However, there is no mention of how to change the magnetic declination of the superconducting eye-type permanent magnet.
文献：Sheng J,Zhang M,Wang Y,Li X,Patel J,and Yuan W 2017 A new ring-shape high-temperature superconducting trapped-field magnetSupercond.Sci.Technol.30,094002中作者通过有限元仿真、基础励磁实验等手段对超导眼型永磁体的励磁机理进行了初步的阐述，并发现了其在多脉冲励磁过程中的磁场累积效应。但却未提及如何更改超导眼型永磁体的磁偏角。Literature: Sheng J, Zhang M, Wang Y, Li X, Patel J, and Yuan W 2017 A new ring-shape high-temperature superconducting trapped-field magnet Supercond. The excitation mechanism of the superconducting eye-type permanent magnet was preliminarily described by means of excitation experiments, and the accumulation effect of the magnetic field in the multi-pulse excitation process was found. However, there is no mention of how to change the magnetic declination of the superconducting eye-type permanent magnet.
空间结构的不对称性是导致超导眼型永磁体中心磁场不均匀的主要原因，我们通过引入磁偏角的概念来量化这一特性。采用将超导眼型永磁体与超导堆叠带材相结合的一项新型技术，通过调节中心气隙中超导堆叠带材的摆放角度和堆叠方式来补偿由于眼型线圈结构不对称性而导致的磁偏角问题，从而实现超导永磁体俘获磁场的均一化。The asymmetry of the spatial structure is the main reason for the inhomogeneous magnetic field in the center of the superconducting eye-type permanent magnet, and we quantify this property by introducing the concept of magnetic declination. A new technology that combines superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets with superconducting stacked tapes is adopted to compensate for the asymmetry of the eye-shaped coil structure by adjusting the placement angle and stacking method of the superconducting stacked tapes in the central air gap. The resulting magnetic declination problem, so as to achieve the homogenization of the trapped magnetic field of the superconducting permanent magnet.
专利文献CN108226827A(申请号：201711338760.3)公开了一种永磁体磁偏角测量装置及方法，该装置包括：平台，平台上垂直固定有一组一维亥姆霍兹线圈、位于一组一维亥姆霍兹线圈之间的几何中心位置的旋转台，平台下方设有与旋转台连接并用以控制旋转台绕其旋转轴旋转设定周期的旋转控制机构；磁通计，与一维亥姆霍兹线圈电连接，用于接收一维亥姆霍兹线圈采集的周期数据并进行处理；处理分析模块，与磁通计连接，用于对经磁通计处理后的周期数据进行分析计算出周期数据中的相位角作为一维磁体偏角值、并用于将两组一维磁体偏角值进行合成得到磁体的三维磁偏角结果。Patent document CN108226827A (application number: 201711338760.3) discloses a permanent magnet magnetic declination angle measurement device and method, the device includes: a platform, on which a set of one-dimensional Helmholtz coils are vertically fixed, and a set of one-dimensional Helmholtz coils are vertically fixed on the platform. A rotary table at the geometric center position between the Holtz coils, and a rotary control mechanism connected to the rotary table below the platform and used to control the rotation of the rotary table around its rotation axis for a set period; a flux meter, and one-dimensional Helmholtz The coil is electrically connected to receive and process the periodic data collected by the one-dimensional Helmholtz coil; the processing and analysis module is connected to the flux meter, and is used to analyze and calculate the periodic data processed by the flux meter. The phase angle in is used as the one-dimensional magnet declination value, and is used to synthesize two sets of one-dimensional magnet declination values to obtain the three-dimensional magnetic declination result of the magnet.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法、系统及介质。In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, a system and a medium for adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure.
根据本发明提供的一种调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法，包括：A method for adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure provided according to the present invention includes:
眼型永磁体制备步骤：对第一超导带材进行切割，然后再对切割后的第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压，形成单匝的超导眼型永磁体，将多个单匝的眼型磁体进行堆叠，获得多匝的超导眼型永磁体；Eye-shaped permanent magnet preparation steps: cut the first superconducting tape, and then stretch and extrude the cut first superconducting tape to form a single-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet, Single-turn eye-shaped magnets are stacked to obtain multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets;
高温超导带材堆叠步骤：将多个高温超导带材进行堆叠，获得超导堆叠带材，将获得的超导堆叠带材设置在在获得的多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙中；The high-temperature superconducting tape stacking step: stacking a plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes to obtain a superconducting stacked tape, and arranging the obtained superconducting stacked tape in the air of the obtained multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet; in the gap;
磁偏角调整步骤：通过对超导堆叠带材的位置进行调整，实现调整多匝的超导眼型永磁体的磁偏角。The magnetic declination angle adjustment step: by adjusting the position of the superconducting stacked strip, the magnetic declination angle of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet is adjusted.
优选地，所述眼型永磁体制备步骤：Preferably, the eye-shaped permanent magnet preparation steps:
对长度为A的第一超导带材进行切割，切割位置位于第一超导带材的中间，切割起止点距离第一超导带材的头尾距离皆为B，切割槽的整体长度为A-2B，宽度为X，然后再对切割后的第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压，形成单匝的眼型磁体，将多个单匝的眼型磁体进行堆叠，获得多匝的超导眼型永磁体。The first superconducting strip with length A is cut, the cutting position is located in the middle of the first superconducting strip, the distance between the start and end points of the cutting and the head and tail of the first superconducting strip is B, and the overall length of the cutting groove is A-2B, the width is X, and then the cut first superconducting tape is stretched and extruded to form a single-turn eye-shaped magnet, and multiple single-turn eye-shaped magnets are stacked to obtain multiple turns superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets.
优选地，所述高温超导带材堆叠步骤：Preferably, the high temperature superconducting tape stacking step:
所述高温超导带材具有圆片状外观，所述多个高温超导带材具有相同的直径D与相同厚度z；The high-temperature superconducting tape has a disk-like appearance, and the plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes have the same diameter D and the same thickness z;
将所述多个高温超导带材进行堆叠，获得超导堆叠带材，在所述多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙中放置超导堆叠带材；stacking the plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes to obtain a superconducting stacked tape, and placing the superconducting stacked tape in the air gap of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet;
所述多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙指对第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压后获得的眼型中空。The air gap of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet refers to the eye-shaped hollow obtained by stretching and extruding the first superconducting tape.
优选地，所述磁偏角调整步骤：Preferably, the magnetic declination adjustment step:
所述对超导堆叠带材的位置进行调整使用以下任一种方法：The adjustment of the position of the superconducting stack tape uses any of the following methods:
整体旋转法、逐个平移法。Overall rotation method, one by one translation method.
优选地，所述整体旋转法：Preferably, the integral rotation method:
通过对超导堆叠带材以平行于多匝的超导眼型永磁体的首尾电流引线端的连线的旋转轴进行整体旋转；By rotating the superconducting stacked strip as a whole with a rotation axis parallel to the connecting line of the head and tail current lead terminals of the multi-turn superconducting eye-type permanent magnet;
所述逐个平移法：The translation-by-translation method:
先固定超导堆叠带材最底层的高温超导带材，将最底层的高温超导带材呈水平摆放状，然后逐个平移上层的高温超导带材，形成阶梯状结构。First, fix the high-temperature superconducting tape at the bottom layer of the superconducting stacked tape, place the high-temperature superconducting tape at the bottom layer horizontally, and then translate the high-temperature superconducting tape at the upper layer one by one to form a stepped structure.
根据本发明提供的一种可连续调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的系统，包括：A system for continuously adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure provided according to the present invention includes:
眼型永磁体制备模块：对第一超导带材进行切割，然后再对切割后的第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压，形成单匝的超导眼型永磁体，将多个单匝的眼型磁体进行堆叠，获得多匝的超导眼型永磁体；Eye-shaped permanent magnet preparation module: cut the first superconducting tape, and then stretch and extrude the cut first superconducting tape to form a single-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet. Single-turn eye-shaped magnets are stacked to obtain multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets;
高温超导带材堆叠模块：将多个高温超导带材进行堆叠，获得超导堆叠带材，将获得的超导堆叠带材设置在在获得的多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙中；High-temperature superconducting tape stacking module: stacking multiple high-temperature superconducting tapes to obtain superconducting stacked tapes, and placing the obtained superconducting stacked tapes in the gas atmosphere of the obtained multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets. in the gap;
磁偏角调整模块：通过对超导堆叠带材的位置进行调整，实现调整多匝的超导眼型永磁体的磁偏角。Magnetic declination adjustment module: Adjust the magnetic declination angle of multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets by adjusting the position of the superconducting stacked strips.
优选地，所述眼型永磁体制备模块：Preferably, the eye-shaped permanent magnet preparation module:
对长度为A的第一超导带材进行切割，切割位置位于第一超导带材的中间，切割起止点距离第一超导带材的头尾距离皆为B，切割槽的整体长度为A-2B，宽度为X，然后再对切割后的第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压，形成单匝的眼型磁体，将多个单匝的眼型磁体进行堆叠，获得多匝的超导眼型永磁体。The first superconducting strip with length A is cut, the cutting position is located in the middle of the first superconducting strip, the distance between the start and end points of the cutting and the head and tail of the first superconducting strip is B, and the overall length of the cutting groove is A-2B, the width is X, and then the cut first superconducting tape is stretched and extruded to form a single-turn eye-shaped magnet, and multiple single-turn eye-shaped magnets are stacked to obtain multiple turns superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets.
优选地，所述高温超导带材堆叠模块：Preferably, the high temperature superconducting tape stacking module:
所述高温超导带材具有圆片状外观，所述多个高温超导带材具有相同的直径D与相同厚度z；The high-temperature superconducting tape has a disk-like appearance, and the plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes have the same diameter D and the same thickness z;
将所述多个高温超导带材进行堆叠，获得超导堆叠带材，在所述多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙中放置超导堆叠带材；stacking the plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes to obtain a superconducting stacked tape, and placing the superconducting stacked tape in the air gap of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet;
所述多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙指对第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压后获得的眼型中空。The air gap of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet refers to the eye-shaped hollow obtained by stretching and extruding the first superconducting tape.
优选地，所述磁偏角调整模块：Preferably, the magnetic declination adjustment module:
所述对超导堆叠带材的位置进行调整使用以下任一种方法：The adjustment of the position of the superconducting stack tape uses any of the following methods:
整体旋转法、逐个平移法；Overall rotation method, one by one translation method;
所述整体旋转法：The overall rotation method:
通过对超导堆叠带材以平行于多匝的超导眼型永磁体的首尾电流引线端的连线的旋转轴进行整体旋转；By rotating the superconducting stacked strip as a whole with a rotation axis parallel to the connecting line of the head and tail current lead terminals of the multi-turn superconducting eye-type permanent magnet;
所述逐个平移法：The translation-by-translation method:
先固定超导堆叠带材最底层的高温超导带材，高温超导带材呈水平摆放状，然后逐个平移上层的高温超导带材，形成阶梯状结构。First, fix the high-temperature superconducting tapes at the bottom of the superconducting stacked tapes, and the high-temperature superconducting tapes are arranged horizontally, and then translate the upper-layer high-temperature superconducting tapes one by one to form a stepped structure.
根据本发明提供的一种存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述中任一项所述的调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program according to the present invention is characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the adjustment of the magnetic bias of the permanent magnet with the superconducting eye structure described in any one of the above is realized. Angular method steps.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
由于眼型结构的空间不对称性，使得眼型结构永磁体产生磁场存在磁偏角，超导眼型永磁体的俘获磁场并不对称，永磁体宏观俘获磁场发生了偏移，磁偏角的存在是超导眼型永磁体工业应用的一项主要的限制因素，本发明通过简单的超导堆叠带材，便能实现对眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的调控，使得该型磁通的磁场均一性得到了提升和优化。此方法投入成本小，产生效益高，可为眼型结构永磁体的工程化应用带来促进作用。Due to the spatial asymmetry of the eye-shaped structure, the magnetic field generated by the eye-shaped permanent magnet has a magnetic declination angle. The captured magnetic field of the superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet is not asymmetric, and the macroscopic captured magnetic field of the permanent magnet is shifted. Existence is a major limiting factor for the industrial application of superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets. The present invention can realize the regulation of the magnetic declination angle of the eye-shaped permanent magnets through simple superconducting stacked strips, so that the magnetic flux of this type of permanent magnet can be adjusted. Magnetic field uniformity has been improved and optimized. This method has low investment cost and high yield, which can promote the engineering application of eye-shaped structure permanent magnets.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
图1为本发明提供的超导眼型永磁体制备示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation of the superconducting eye-type permanent magnet provided by the present invention.
图2为本发明提供的普通超导眼型永磁体磁场分布计算示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for calculating the magnetic field distribution of a common superconducting eye-type permanent magnet provided by the present invention.
图3为本发明提供的磁偏角调整方法示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the method for adjusting the magnetic declination angle provided by the present invention.
图4为本发明提供的磁偏角调整方法中所用部件的实物示意图。FIG. 4 is a physical schematic diagram of the components used in the magnetic declination adjustment method provided by the present invention.
图5为本发明提供的经调节后的超导眼型结构永磁体磁场分布与磁偏角计算示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of calculation of magnetic field distribution and magnetic declination angle of the adjusted superconducting eye structure permanent magnet provided by the present invention.
图中示出：The figure shows:
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
根据本发明提供的一种调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法，包括：A method for adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure provided according to the present invention includes:
眼型永磁体制备步骤：对第一超导带材进行切割，然后再对切割后的第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压，形成单匝的超导眼型永磁体，将多个单匝的眼型磁体进行堆叠，获得多匝的超导眼型永磁体；Eye-shaped permanent magnet preparation steps: cut the first superconducting tape, and then stretch and extrude the cut first superconducting tape to form a single-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet, Single-turn eye-shaped magnets are stacked to obtain multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets;
高温超导带材堆叠步骤：将多个高温超导带材进行堆叠，获得超导堆叠带材，将获得的超导堆叠带材设置在在获得的多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙中；The high-temperature superconducting tape stacking step: stacking a plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes to obtain a superconducting stacked tape, and arranging the obtained superconducting stacked tape in the air of the obtained multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet; in the gap;
磁偏角调整步骤：通过对超导堆叠带材的位置进行调整，实现调整多匝的超导眼型永磁体的磁偏角。The magnetic declination angle adjustment step: by adjusting the position of the superconducting stacked strip, the magnetic declination angle of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet is adjusted.
优选地，所述眼型永磁体制备步骤：Preferably, the eye-shaped permanent magnet preparation steps:
对长度为A的第一超导带材进行切割，切割位置位于第一超导带材的中间，切割起止点距离第一超导带材的头尾距离皆为B，切割槽的整体长度为A-2B，宽度为X，然后再对切割后的第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压，形成单匝的眼型磁体，将多个单匝的眼型磁体进行堆叠，获得多匝的超导眼型永磁体。The first superconducting strip with length A is cut, the cutting position is located in the middle of the first superconducting strip, the distance between the start and end points of the cutting and the head and tail of the first superconducting strip is B, and the overall length of the cutting groove is A-2B, the width is X, and then the cut first superconducting tape is stretched and extruded to form a single-turn eye-shaped magnet, and multiple single-turn eye-shaped magnets are stacked to obtain multiple turns superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets.
优选地，所述高温超导带材堆叠步骤：Preferably, the high temperature superconducting tape stacking step:
所述高温超导带材具有圆片状外观，所述多个高温超导带材具有相同的直径D与相同厚度z；The high-temperature superconducting tape has a disk-like appearance, and the plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes have the same diameter D and the same thickness z;
将所述多个高温超导带材进行堆叠，获得超导堆叠带材，在所述多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙中放置超导堆叠带材；stacking the plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes to obtain a superconducting stacked tape, and placing the superconducting stacked tape in the air gap of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet;
所述多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙指对第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压后获得的眼型中空。The air gap of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet refers to the eye-shaped hollow obtained by stretching and extruding the first superconducting tape.
优选地，所述磁偏角调整步骤：Preferably, the magnetic declination adjustment step:
所述对超导堆叠带材的位置进行调整使用以下任一种方法：The adjustment of the position of the superconducting stack tape uses any of the following methods:
整体旋转法、逐个平移法。Overall rotation method, one by one translation method.
优选地，所述整体旋转法：Preferably, the integral rotation method:
通过对超导堆叠带材以平行于多匝的超导眼型永磁体的首尾电流引线端的连线的旋转轴进行整体旋转；By rotating the superconducting stacked strip as a whole with a rotation axis parallel to the connecting line of the head and tail current lead terminals of the multi-turn superconducting eye-type permanent magnet;
所述逐个平移法：The translation-by-translation method:
先固定超导堆叠带材最底层的高温超导带材，将最底层的高温超导带材呈水平摆放状，然后逐个平移上层的高温超导带材，形成阶梯状结构。First, fix the high-temperature superconducting tape at the bottom layer of the superconducting stacked tape, place the high-temperature superconducting tape at the bottom layer horizontally, and then translate the high-temperature superconducting tape at the upper layer one by one to form a stepped structure.
本发明提供的可连续调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的系统，可以通过本发明给的可连续调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法的步骤流程实现。本领域技术人员可以将所述可连续调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法，理解为所述可连续调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的系统的一个优选例。The system for continuously adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure provided by the present invention can be realized through the steps of the method for continuously adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure provided by the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the method for continuously adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure as a preferred example of the system for continuously adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure.
根据本发明提供的一种可连续调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的系统，包括：A system for continuously adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure provided according to the present invention includes:
眼型永磁体制备模块：对第一超导带材进行切割，然后再对切割后的第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压，形成单匝的超导眼型永磁体，将多个单匝的眼型磁体进行堆叠，获得多匝的超导眼型永磁体；Eye-shaped permanent magnet preparation module: cut the first superconducting tape, and then stretch and extrude the cut first superconducting tape to form a single-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet. Single-turn eye-shaped magnets are stacked to obtain multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets;
高温超导带材堆叠模块：将多个高温超导带材进行堆叠，获得超导堆叠带材，将获得的超导堆叠带材设置在在获得的多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙中；High-temperature superconducting tape stacking module: stacking multiple high-temperature superconducting tapes to obtain superconducting stacked tapes, and placing the obtained superconducting stacked tapes in the gas atmosphere of the obtained multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets. in the gap;
磁偏角调整模块：通过对超导堆叠带材的位置进行调整，实现调整多匝的超导眼型永磁体的磁偏角。Magnetic declination adjustment module: Adjust the magnetic declination angle of multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets by adjusting the position of the superconducting stacked strips.
优选地，所述眼型永磁体制备模块：Preferably, the eye-shaped permanent magnet preparation module:
对长度为A的第一超导带材进行切割，切割位置位于第一超导带材的中间，切割起止点距离第一超导带材的头尾距离皆为B，切割槽的整体长度为A-2B，宽度为X，然后再对切割后的第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压，形成单匝的眼型磁体，将多个单匝的眼型磁体进行堆叠，获得多匝的超导眼型永磁体。The first superconducting strip with length A is cut, the cutting position is located in the middle of the first superconducting strip, the distance between the start and end points of the cutting and the head and tail of the first superconducting strip is B, and the overall length of the cutting groove is A-2B, the width is X, and then the cut first superconducting tape is stretched and extruded to form a single-turn eye-shaped magnet, and multiple single-turn eye-shaped magnets are stacked to obtain multiple turns superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnets.
优选地，所述高温超导带材堆叠模块：Preferably, the high temperature superconducting tape stacking module:
所述高温超导带材具有圆片状外观，所述多个高温超导带材具有相同的直径D与相同厚度z；The high-temperature superconducting tape has a disk-like appearance, and the plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes have the same diameter D and the same thickness z;
将所述多个高温超导带材进行堆叠，获得超导堆叠带材，在所述多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙中放置超导堆叠带材；stacking the plurality of high-temperature superconducting tapes to obtain a superconducting stacked tape, and placing the superconducting stacked tape in the air gap of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet;
所述多匝的超导眼型永磁体的气隙指对第一超导带材进行拉伸和挤压后获得的眼型中空。The air gap of the multi-turn superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet refers to the eye-shaped hollow obtained by stretching and extruding the first superconducting tape.
优选地，所述磁偏角调整模块：Preferably, the magnetic declination adjustment module:
所述对超导堆叠带材的位置进行调整使用以下任一种方法：The adjustment of the position of the superconducting stack tape uses any of the following methods:
整体旋转法、逐个平移法；Overall rotation method, one by one translation method;
所述整体旋转法：The overall rotation method:
通过对超导堆叠带材以平行于多匝的超导眼型永磁体的首尾电流引线端的连线的旋转轴进行整体旋转；By rotating the superconducting stacked strip as a whole with a rotation axis parallel to the connecting line of the head and tail current lead terminals of the multi-turn superconducting eye-type permanent magnet;
所述逐个平移法：The translation-by-translation method:
先固定超导堆叠带材最底层的高温超导带材，高温超导带材呈水平摆放状，然后逐个平移上层的高温超导带材，形成阶梯状结构。First, fix the high-temperature superconducting tape at the bottom layer of the superconducting stacked tape, and the high-temperature superconducting tapes are arranged horizontally, and then translate the high-temperature superconducting tapes on the upper layer one by one to form a stepped structure.
根据本发明提供的一种存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述中任一项所述的调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program according to the present invention is characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the adjustment of the magnetic bias of the permanent magnet with the superconducting eye structure described in any one of the above is realized. Angular method steps.
下面条通过优选例，对本发明进行更为具体地说明。The following section will describe the present invention in more detail through preferred examples.
优选例1：Preferred Example 1:
本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实时，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。This embodiment is performed in real time on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
请同时参阅图1至图5。Please also refer to Figure 1 to Figure 5.
根据本发明，提供了一种可连续调节超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的方法，并对相关方法进行了模拟仿真比较，包括如下步骤和计算结果：According to the present invention, a method for continuously adjusting the magnetic declination angle of a permanent magnet with a superconducting eye structure is provided, and the related methods are simulated and compared, including the following steps and calculation results:
步骤1，如图1所示，首先对一根长度为A的超导带材进行切割，切割位置位于超导带材的中间，切割起止点距离超导带材的头尾皆为B。切割槽的整体长度为A-2B，宽度为X。然后再对切割后的超导带材进行拉伸挤压，形成单匝的眼型磁体。重复以上步骤，对切割后的超导带材进行堆叠后，可以制备多匝的眼型永磁体；
随后，如图2所示，我们对单匝的眼型永磁体进行模拟仿真，在对该磁体进行励磁后，明显发现眼型磁体的磁场存在较大的不均匀性；Then, as shown in Figure 2, we simulated a single-turn eye-shaped permanent magnet. After exciting the magnet, it was obvious that the magnetic field of the eye-shaped magnet had a large inhomogeneity;
步骤2，如图3和图4所示，我们准备了若干具有圆片状外观的高温超导带材；
进一步地，该圆片状高温超导带材具有相同的直径D与相同厚度z；Further, the disc-shaped high temperature superconducting tape has the same diameter D and the same thickness z;
再将这些高温超导带材进行堆叠；These high temperature superconducting tapes are then stacked;
随后，在眼型永磁体的气隙中，构建了一个石蜡骨架，用以放置高温堆叠带材。Subsequently, in the air gap of the eye-shaped permanent magnet, a paraffin skeleton was constructed to place the high temperature stacking strip.
步骤三，如图3所示，可以通过对超导堆叠带材以平行于超导眼型永磁体的首尾电流引线端的连线的旋转轴进行整体旋转，也可以先固定最底层的超导带材，带材呈水平摆放状，然后，逐个平移上层的超导带材，形成阶梯状结构。最终目的都可以实现调整超导眼型结构永磁体磁偏角的目的。这里我们采用整体旋转法。
通过本发明的方法，调整后的超导眼型结构永磁体在励磁后的磁场分布如图5所示。此处，h表示旋转后的超导堆叠带材两侧的高度差，D表示超导堆叠带材的直径，Z表示堆叠带材的厚度。可以理解为当h/D＝0时，表明超导堆叠带材呈水平摆放状；当h/D＝1时，超导堆叠带材呈垂直摆放状。不难发现当超导堆叠带材逐步向右倾斜时，超导眼型结构永磁体的磁偏角也在随之向右倾斜。当h/D＝0.3/3，超导堆叠带材的厚度为15mm是，超导眼型结构永磁体的磁场均一性最好。根据实际需求，磁偏角和磁场均匀性都可通过此发明方法进行调节。By the method of the present invention, the magnetic field distribution of the adjusted superconducting eye structure permanent magnet after excitation is shown in FIG. 5 . Here, h represents the height difference between the two sides of the rotated superconducting stacked tape, D represents the diameter of the superconducting stacked tape, and Z represents the thickness of the stacked tape. It can be understood that when h/D=0, it means that the superconducting stacked tapes are arranged horizontally; when h/D=1, the superconducting stacked tapes are arranged vertically. It is not difficult to find that when the superconducting stacked strip is gradually inclined to the right, the magnetic declination angle of the permanent magnet with the superconducting eye structure is also inclined to the right. When h/D=0.3/3 and the thickness of the superconducting stacked strip is 15 mm, the magnetic field uniformity of the superconducting eye-shaped permanent magnet is the best. According to actual needs, both the magnetic declination angle and the uniformity of the magnetic field can be adjusted by this inventive method.
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated device Or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.
本领域技术人员知道，除了以纯计算机可读程序代码方式实现本发明提供的系统、装置及其各个模块以外，完全可以通过将方法步骤进行逻辑编程来使得本发明提供的系统、装置及其各个模块以逻辑门、开关、专用集成电路、可编程逻辑控制器以及嵌入式微控制器等的形式来实现相同程序。所以，本发明提供的系统、装置及其各个模块可以被认为是一种硬件部件，而对其内包括的用于实现各种程序的模块也可以视为硬件部件内的结构；也可以将用于实现各种功能的模块视为既可以是实现方法的软件程序又可以是硬件部件内的结构。Those skilled in the art know that, in addition to implementing the system, device and each module provided by the present invention in the form of pure computer readable program code, the system, device and each module provided by the present invention can be completely implemented by logically programming the method steps. The same program is implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, among others. Therefore, the system, device and each module provided by the present invention can be regarded as a kind of hardware component, and the modules included in it for realizing various programs can also be regarded as the structure in the hardware component; A module for realizing various functions can be regarded as either a software program for realizing a method or a structure within a hardware component.
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essential content of the present invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily, provided that there is no conflict.
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