CN110133232B - Experimental device and evaluation method for simulating the scour and dissolution effect of cement slurry on salt rock - Google Patents
Experimental device and evaluation method for simulating the scour and dissolution effect of cement slurry on salt rock Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006173 Good's buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 salt ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; Lime; Mortar; Gypsum; Bricks; Ceramics; Glass
- G01N33/383—Concrete or cement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种模拟水泥浆对盐岩冲刷溶解作用的实验装置及评价方法，包括水泥浆罐，所述水泥浆罐下方设有带水浴箱的加热仪，所述水泥浆罐连接有气动隔膜泵，所述气动隔膜泵通过波纹管连通有冲刷装置，所述冲刷装置通过波纹管连通所述水泥浆罐。本发明设计合理、操作方便，能定量分析水泥浆在不同流速、温度和时间下对地层岩石冲刷程度以及研究水泥浆和盐岩作用机理，判断这种水泥浆体系在与盐岩地层接触后，是否能依然保持良好的设计性能，从而为水泥浆体系的设计，预测水泥浆性能变化范围，注水泥施工参数的优选提供了一定的实验依据，进而提高固井质量。
The invention discloses an experimental device and an evaluation method for simulating the erosion and dissolution effect of cement slurry on salt rock, comprising a cement slurry tank, a heater with a water bath box is arranged under the cement slurry tank, and a pneumatic Diaphragm pump, the pneumatic diaphragm pump is connected with a scouring device through a bellows, and the scouring device is communicated with the cement slurry tank through a bellows. The invention has reasonable design and convenient operation, and can quantitatively analyze the scouring degree of the cement slurry on the formation rock under different flow rates, temperatures and times, and study the action mechanism of the cement slurry and the salt rock. Whether it can still maintain a good design performance provides a certain experimental basis for the design of the cement slurry system, the prediction of the performance change range of the cement slurry, and the optimization of the cementing construction parameters, thereby improving the cementing quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of well cementation, in particular to an experimental device and an evaluation method for simulating the scouring and dissolving effects of cement slurry on rock salt.
Background
For the cement cementing of a gypsum rock layer, the design of a cement slurry system can not be considered as conventional cement slurry, and as the gypsum rock layer mainly comprises gypsum rock, salt rock and a shale interlayer, the influence of the dissolution of the salt layer on the performance of the cement slurry needs to be considered in the process of designing the cement slurry system, and certain knowledge needs to be provided on the dissolution amount under different conditions.
The original formation stress can be destroyed after the formation is opened by drilling, a larger stress concentration is formed near a well hole, and in the process of cementing, cement slurry generates certain shearing force to a well wall due to certain viscosity. For a hard stratum, because the cementing strength of the stratum is high, the shearing force generated on a well wall in the process of cement grouting is difficult to reach the shearing strength of rocks, so that the scouring degree of the well wall of the stratum is small. However, for a gypsum rock stratum (an easily-expandable mudstone interlayer) with a weaker cementing stratum or easily dissolved in water, if the dissolving, erosion, expansion and soaking effects of working fluids such as cement slurry and the like on the well wall of the stratum are not considered, the hole diameter is inevitably enlarged, the borehole is irregular, even the annular volume is possibly increased, and the cement slurry cannot reach the designed height; on the other hand, components which are easy to dissolve in water in the stratum enter the working fluid, and salt ions diffuse into the cement paste in the salt rock dissolving process, so that the performance of the cement paste is greatly changed, and the performance of the cement paste cannot reach the performance of the expected design, for example, NaCl is dissolved in a small amount to promote coagulation, and when NaCl is dissolved in a large amount, the coagulation is retarded, even an ultra-retardation phenomenon is caused, and impurities in the salt layer can also change the performance of the cement paste. Both phenomena can cause well cementation failure, so an experimental device and an evaluation method which can quantitatively analyze the scouring degree of cement slurry on stratum rock at different flow rates, temperatures and time and research the action mechanism of the cement slurry and the salt rock are urgently needed.
Through retrieval, the Chinese patent with application number 2015109473861 discloses a well cementation pad fluid flushing simulation device and a method, wherein the device comprises a reaction kettle body with a cylindrical structure, a rock core support used for fixing an artificial rock core is arranged in the reaction kettle body, an annular space is formed between the artificial rock core and the reaction kettle body, and a through cavity is formed in the reaction kettle body. The well cementation pad fluid flushing simulation device can simulate the flushing process of the well cementation pad fluid so as to realize effective evaluation of the annular flushing efficiency of the well cementation pad fluid.
Among the above-mentioned device, because the rock core support frame cover is established in the rock core, adopt this mode, when carrying out the more of rock core and dismantling, unusual inconvenient, no matter change rock core support or rock core, all need dismantle the two whole, this has increased staff's the amount of labour undoubtedly, in addition, when carrying out the experiment, because the length of the rock core of choosing is different, link up the chamber length in the reation kettle body and can't adjust and match the rock core length, the limitation is big, can not satisfy higher experimental requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, an experimental device and an evaluation method for simulating the scouring and dissolving effects of cement slurry on salt rocks are provided, and the scouring degree of the cement slurry on rock cores under different conditions is quantitatively analyzed, so that a certain experimental basis is provided for the design of a cement slurry system, the prediction of the cement slurry performance variation range and the optimization of cement injection construction parameters, and the well cementation quality is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an experimental device for simulating the scouring and dissolving action of cement slurry on salt rocks comprises a cement slurry tank, a heating instrument with a water bath tank is arranged below the cement slurry tank, the cement slurry tank is connected with a pneumatic diaphragm pump which is communicated with a flushing device through a corrugated pipe, the flushing device is communicated with the cement paste tank through a corrugated pipe and comprises a hollow pipe body, the lower end of the hollow pipe body is in threaded connection with a lower end cover, a liquid inlet is arranged on the lower end cover, a rock core is arranged in the hollow pipe body, the core is provided with a first through hole which is communicated up and down, a flow guide column is arranged in the first through hole in a penetrating way, an annular cavity is formed between the flow guide column and the first through hole, an upper end cover is arranged above the rock core, the upper end cover is provided with a liquid outlet, and is connected with a pressing mechanism which is connected with the hollow pipe body.
Preferably, the pressing and holding mechanism comprises a top cover, the top cover is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the hollow pipe body, a second through hole is formed in the top cover, a groove is formed in the upper surface of the top cover, the bottom of the top cover is connected with the first pipe body, and the other end of the first pipe body is connected with the upper end cover.
Preferably, a rubber column with a hollow structure is further arranged in the hollow pipe body, the rubber column is divided into a first rubber column and a second rubber column, the first rubber column is arranged between the rock core and the lower end cover, and the second rubber column is arranged between the rock core and the upper end cover.
Preferably, both ends of the flow guide column are hemispherical, the both ends of the flow guide column further penetrate through the inner cavities of the first rubber column and the second rubber column, and the both ends of the flow guide column are respectively arranged at the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet.
Preferably, the upper end of the flow guide column is fixedly connected with a first fixing frame, the other end of the first fixing frame is connected to the inner wall of the upper end cover, the lower end sleeve of the flow guide column is arranged in a righting short circuit, the righting short circuit is composed of 3 wings arranged at 120-degree included angles, a space surrounded by the end parts of the 3 wings is provided with the flow guide column in a penetrating manner, and the other end of the 3 wings is connected with the lower end cover.
Preferably, the upper end cover with the lower end cover all is the step shaft form, the liquid outlet department of upper end cover and the liquid inlet department of lower end cover all be equipped with bellows matched with external screw thread.
The invention also provides an evaluation method for simulating the scouring and dissolving effect of the cement paste on the salt rock, which adopts the experimental device for simulating the scouring and dissolving effect of the cement paste on the salt rock and comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing a core according to the experimental requirements, enabling the diameter of the core and the diameter of the first through hole to meet the experimental requirements, and recording the initial mass m of the core0The initial diameter of the first through-hole is d0；
Step 2: soaking the rock core in static cement slurry at intervals of t0Taking out the rock core and measuring the mass of the rock core and recording the mass as m1、m2……mn；
And step 3: connecting the hollow pipe body and the lower end cover, sequentially putting a first rubber column, a rock core and a second rubber column, then putting the upper end cover, penetrating a flow guide column fixedly connected with the upper end cover into a first through hole, righting the lower end of the flow guide column through a righting short joint, then connecting a pressing device with the middle pipe body in a threaded manner, enabling the first pipe body to act on the upper end cover, and rotating the top cover until the rock core is tightly pressed;
and 4, step 4: the flushing device, the cement paste tank and the pneumatic diaphragm pump are communicated together by using a corrugated pipe;
and 5: preparing cement paste, fully stirring, pouring into a cement paste tank, putting the cement paste tank into a water bath box, starting a heating instrument, heating to a required experimental temperature, and starting a pneumatic diaphragm pump for circulation;
step 6: at a certain time interval t0Stopping circulation, disassembling the scouring device, taking out the rock core to wipe off cement paste on the inner wall of the rock core, weighing the mass of the rock core at the moment and recording the mass as M1Measuring the diameter of the first via hole and recording as D1After the measurement is finished, the flushing device is assembled;
and 7: continuing the pump cycle, repeating step 6 n times, i.e. at regular intervals t0Taking out the core, wiping off cement paste on the inner wall of the core, weighing the mass of the core, and recording as M2、M3……Mn(ii) a Measuring the diameter of the first via, denoted D2、D3……DnWherein { (m)0-Mn)-(m0-mn) A difference of (D)n-d0) The difference value of the water-soluble polymer can represent the scouring effect of cement slurry on the rock core at a certain temperature, a certain scouring speed and a certain scouring time;
and 8: after the experiment is finished, closing the pneumatic diaphragm pump, discharging cement paste in the corrugated pipe, cleaning the experiment device, performing performance test on the circulated cement paste, comparing the performance with that of the cement paste which is not washed, and judging whether the cement paste system can still keep good design performance by comparing the change of the performance of the cement paste before and after washing;
and step 9: the air supply pressure is adjusted to the pressure required by the next-stage experiment by adjusting the pressure reducing valve on the pneumatic diaphragm pump, the change of the flow speed is realized, the heating temperature and the scouring time of the heating instrument are adjusted, and the steps 1 to 8 are repeated, so that the scouring degree of the cement paste on the stratum rock at different flow speeds, temperatures and times and the action mechanism of the cement paste and the salt rock are quantitatively analyzed, and a certain experimental basis is provided for the design of a cement paste system, the prediction of the performance change range of the cement paste and the optimization of construction parameters in cement injection.
Preferably, the diameter of the core is less than or equal to 110 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the first through hole is 30 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has reasonable design and convenient operation, can quantitatively analyze the scouring degree of the cement slurry on stratum rocks under different flow rates, temperatures and time, researches the action mechanism of the cement slurry and the salt rock, and judges whether the cement slurry system can still keep good design performance, thereby providing a certain experimental basis for the design of the cement slurry system, the prediction of the variation range of the cement slurry performance and the optimization of the construction parameters of cement injection, and further improving the well cementation quality;
2. in the invention, the annular space formed between the diversion column and the first through hole of the rock core is closer to the field construction through cement slurry, the measured data is more accurate, and the scouring and dissolving effects of the cement slurry on the well wall in the actual cementing process can be simulated, so that the evaluation of the scouring degree of the well wall of the salt rock stratum by the well cementing cement slurry is realized;
3. the pressing and holding mechanism is designed, so that the structure is simple, the position of the upper end cover can be adjusted according to cores with different lengths, the limitation is small, and higher experimental requirements can be met;
4. according to the invention, the rubber columns are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rock core, so that the shock absorption effect can be achieved in the scouring process, the whole device is kept with good stability, and meanwhile, the rubber columns have good impact resistance and long service life; in addition, when the pressing mechanism is pressed down, a good buffer effect can be achieved, and the pressing mechanism can be prevented from being automatically loosened;
5. the invention needs less cement paste consumption during the experiment, can achieve the circulating effect basically by filling 2-3 times of the whole device, does not need to be configured with a large amount of cement paste, saves time and labor and has excellent effect.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for simulating the scouring and dissolving effects of cement slurry on salt rocks.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the flushing device of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along a line a-a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the short circuit of fig. 2.
Description of reference numerals:
1, a cement slurry tank; 2, a water bath tank; 3, heating the instrument; 4, a pneumatic diaphragm pump; 5, flushing the device; 6, a corrugated pipe; 7, a hollow pipe body; 8, a lower end cover; 81 liquid inlet; 9 a first rubber column; 10, a rock core; 101 a first via hole; 11 a second rubber column; 12, an upper end cover; 121 external threads; 122 a liquid outlet; 13 flow guiding columns; 14 a first tube; 15 a top cover; 151 a second via; 152 grooves; 16 a first mount; 17, righting the short circuit; 171 wing.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the experimental apparatus for simulating the erosion and dissolution of cement slurry on rock salt provided by the present embodiment includes a cement slurry tank 1 for containing cement slurry, a heater 3 with a water bath tank 2 is arranged below the cement slurry tank 1, the cement slurry tank 1 is connected to a pneumatic diaphragm pump 4 through a bellows 6, the pneumatic diaphragm pump 4 is communicated with a scouring apparatus 5 through the bellows 6, and the other end of the scouring apparatus 5 is communicated with the cement slurry tank 1 through the bellows 6 to form a loop.
The flushing device 5 comprises a hollow pipe body 7, the lower end of the hollow pipe body 7 is in threaded connection with a lower end cover 8, the lower end cover 8 can be arranged in a step shape in order to facilitate the connection of the lower end cover 8 and the corrugated pipe 6, a liquid inlet 81 is arranged on the lower end cover 8, and an external thread 121 connected with the corrugated pipe 6 is further arranged on the lower end cover 8; a rock core 10 is arranged in the hollow pipe body 7, a first through hole 101 which is through up and down is formed in the rock core 10, a flow guide column 13 is arranged in the first through hole 101 in a penetrating mode, advantageously, the flow guide column 13 and the first through hole 101 are arranged coaxially, an annular cavity is formed between the flow guide column 13 and the first through hole 101, water slurry passes through the annular cavity, the operation is closer to field operation, and measured data are more accurate; an upper end cover 12 is arranged above the core 10, the upper end cover 12 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the hollow pipe body 7, advantageously, in order to facilitate the connection of the upper end cover 12 and the corrugated pipe 6, the upper end cover 12 can be in a step shape, the upper end cover 12 is also provided with an external thread 121 connected with the corrugated pipe 6, and the upper end cover 12 is provided with a liquid outlet 122, advantageously, the diameter of the liquid inlet 81 and the diameter of the liquid outlet 122 are equal to the diameter of the first through hole 101; in order to be able to be according to the rock core 10 of different length, carry out the adjustment of upper end cover 12 position and satisfy different experiment requirements, be connected with on upper end cover 12 and press and hold the mechanism, press and hold the mechanism and can include top cap 15, top cap 15 threaded connection is on hollow body 7 inner wall, for the convenience bellows 6 links to each other with upper end cover 12, second through-hole 151 has been seted up at top cap 15, for the convenience of rotatory top cap, set up fluted 152 at the upper surface of top cap 15 and provide the impetus, top cap 15 bottom is connected with first body 14, the other end and upper end cover 12 looks fixed connection of first body 14.
In order to play a role in shock absorption in a flushing process, so that the whole device keeps good stability, and meanwhile, when the pressing mechanism is pressed downwards, a good buffering role can be played, and the pressing mechanism is prevented from being automatically loosened, the inventor specially adds a rubber column with a hollow structure in the hollow pipe body 7, further, the diameter of an inner cavity of the rubber column is equal to that of the first through hole 101, the rubber column is divided into a first rubber column 9 and a second rubber column 11, wherein the first rubber column 9 is arranged between the rock core 10 and the lower end cover 8, and the second rubber column 11 is arranged between the rock core 10 and the upper end cover 12.
In order to achieve a good flow dividing effect, two ends of the flow guiding column 13 are arranged in a hemispherical shape, two ends of the flow guiding column 13 respectively penetrate through the inner cavities of the first rubber column 9 and the second rubber column 11, and two ends of the flow guiding column 13 are respectively arranged at the liquid inlet 81 and the liquid outlet 122.
In order to fix the flow guide column 13, the upper end of the flow guide column 13 is fixedly connected with a first fixing frame 16, the other end of the first fixing frame 16 is connected to the inner wall of the upper end cover 12, the lower end of the flow guide column 13 is sleeved in a centering short joint 17, the centering short joint 17 is composed of 3 wings 171 arranged at 120-degree included angles, the flow guide column 13 is arranged in a space surrounded by the end parts of the 3 wings 171 in a penetrating mode, and the other end of the 3 wings 171 is fixedly connected with the lower end cover 8. Advantageously, for the convenience of processing, the first fixing frame 16 may also be in the form of a short circuit 17; in addition, the length of the three wings 171 can be changed to enable the guide column 13 to achieve certain eccentricity, so that the influence rule of the centering degree of the guide column 13 on the scouring action of the core 10 can be researched.
The embodiment also provides an evaluation method for simulating the scouring and dissolving effect of cement paste on the salt rock, and the experimental device for simulating the scouring and dissolving effect of the cement paste on the salt rock is adopted, and the steps are as follows:
step 1: the core 10 was prepared according to the experimental requirements such that the core 10 had a diameter andthe diameter of the first through hole 101 meets the experimental requirements, the diameter of the core 10 is less than or equal to 110mm, and the initial mass of the core is recorded as m0The initial diameter of the first through-hole 101 is d0，d0Can be 30 mm;
step 2: soaking the rock core 10 in static cement slurry at intervals of t0The core 10 is removed and the mass of the core 10 is measured and recorded as m1、m2……mnWherein n can take the value of 5;
and step 3: connecting a hollow pipe body 7 and a lower end cover 8, sequentially putting a first rubber column 9, a rock core 10 and a second rubber column 11, then putting an upper end cover 12, penetrating a guide column 13 fixedly connected with the upper end cover 12 into a first through hole 101, righting the lower end of the guide column 13 through a righting short joint 17, then connecting a top cover 15 and the middle body pipe body 7 in a threaded manner, acting a first pipe body 14 connected with the top cover 15 on the upper end cover 12, and rotating the top cover 15 until the rock core 10 is tightly pressed;
and 4, step 4: the flushing device 5, the cement paste tank 1 and the pneumatic diaphragm pump 4 are communicated together by using a corrugated pipe 6;
and 5: preparing cement paste, fully stirring the cement paste, pouring the cement paste into a cement paste tank 1, putting a water bath slurry tank 1 into a water bath tank 2, starting a heating instrument 3, heating the cement paste to a required experimental temperature, and starting a pneumatic diaphragm pump 4 for circulation;
step 6: at a certain time interval t0Stopping the cycle, wherein, the time t0The method is characterized in that the ratio of the thickness of the stratum to the flow rate of cement paste in actual conditions is determined, the scouring device 5 is disassembled, the rock core 10 is taken out to wipe off the cement paste on the inner wall of the rock core 10, and the mass of the rock core 10 at the moment is weighed and recorded as M1Measuring the diameter of the first via 101 and recording as D1After the measurement is finished, the flushing device 5 is assembled;
and 7: continuing to start the pump cycle, repeating step 6 n times, wherein n can be 5, i.e. every certain time t0Taking out the core 10, wiping off cement paste on the inner wall of the core 10, weighing the mass of the core 10, and recording as M2、M3……Mn(ii) a The diameter of the first through hole 101 is measured and recorded as D2、D3……DnWherein { (m)0-Mn)-(m0-mn) A difference of (D)n-d0) The difference values of the two properties can represent the scouring action of the cement slurry on the rock core 10 at a certain temperature, a certain scouring speed and a certain scouring time;
and 8: after the experiment is finished, the pneumatic diaphragm pump 4 is closed, cement paste in the corrugated pipe 6 is discharged, the experimental device is cleaned, the performance of the circulated cement paste is tested, the cement paste is compared with the cement paste which is not washed, and whether the cement paste system can still keep good design performance is judged by comparing the change of the cement paste performance before and after washing;
and step 9: the air supply pressure is adjusted to the pressure required by the next-stage experiment by adjusting the pressure reducing valve on the pneumatic diaphragm pump 4, the change of the flow speed is realized, the heating temperature and the scouring time of the heating instrument 3 are adjusted, and the steps 1 to 8 are repeated, so that the scouring degree of the cement paste on the stratum rock at different flow speeds, temperatures and times can be quantitatively analyzed, the action mechanism of the cement paste and the salt rock can be researched, and a certain experimental basis is provided for the design of a cement paste system, the prediction of the performance change range of the cement paste and the optimization of construction parameters in cement injection.
In addition, m is0……mnAnd M1……MnThe units of measurement of (A) are uniform, D1、D2……DnThe unit of measurement of and d0The units of measurement of (a) are uniform.
The invention has reasonable design and convenient operation, can quantitatively analyze the scouring degree of the cement slurry on stratum rocks under different flow rates, temperatures and time, researches the action mechanism of the cement slurry and the salt rocks, and judges whether the cement slurry system can still keep good design performance, thereby providing a certain experimental basis for the design of the cement slurry system, the prediction of the variation range of the cement slurry performance and the optimization of the construction parameters of cement injection, and further improving the well cementation quality.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. An experimental device for simulating the scouring and dissolving effects of cement slurry on salt rocks comprises a cement slurry tank (1), wherein a heating instrument (3) with a water bath box (2) is arranged below the cement slurry tank (1), the cement slurry tank (1) is connected with a pneumatic diaphragm pump (4), the pneumatic diaphragm pump (4) is communicated with a scouring device (5) through a corrugated pipe (6), the scouring device (5) is communicated with the cement slurry tank (1) through the corrugated pipe (6), the experimental device is characterized in that the scouring device (5) comprises a hollow pipe body (7), the lower end of the hollow pipe body (7) is in threaded connection with a lower end cover (8), a liquid inlet (81) is formed in the lower end cover (8), a rock core (10) is arranged in the hollow pipe body (7), a first through hole (101) which is vertically communicated is formed in the rock core (10), and a flow guide column (13) is arranged in the first through hole (101) in a penetrating manner, an annular cavity is formed between the flow guide column (13) and the first through hole (101), an upper end cover (12) is arranged above the rock core (10), a liquid outlet (122) is formed in the upper end cover (12), a pressing and holding mechanism is connected to the upper end cover (12), and the pressing and holding mechanism is connected with the hollow pipe body (7).
2. The experimental device for simulating the scouring and dissolving effect of cement slurry on salt rocks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the holding mechanism comprises a top cover (15), the top cover (15) is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the hollow pipe body (7), the top cover (15) is provided with a second through hole (151), the upper surface of the top cover (15) is provided with a groove (152), the bottom of the top cover (15) is connected with the first pipe body (14), and the other end of the first pipe body (14) is connected with the upper end cover (12).
3. The experimental device for simulating the scouring and dissolving effect of cement slurry on salt rocks as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rubber column of a hollow structure is further arranged in the hollow pipe body (7), the rubber column is divided into a first rubber column (9) and a second rubber column (11), the first rubber column (9) is arranged between the rock core (10) and the lower end cover (8), and the second rubber column (11) is arranged between the rock core (10) and the upper end cover (12).
4. The experimental device for simulating the washing and dissolving effects of cement slurry on salt rocks as claimed in claim 3, wherein two ends of the flow guide column (13) are hemispherical, the two ends of the flow guide column (13) further penetrate through the inner cavities of the first rubber column (9) and the second rubber column (11), and the two ends of the flow guide column (13) are respectively arranged at the liquid inlet (81) and the liquid outlet (122).
5. The experimental device for simulating the erosion and dissolution of cement slurry on salt rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first fixing frame (16) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the flow guide column (13), the other end of the first fixing frame (16) is connected to the inner wall of the upper end cover (12), the lower end of the flow guide column (13) is sleeved in a centering short circuit (17), the centering short circuit (17) is composed of 3 wings (171) arranged at an included angle of 120 degrees, the flow guide column (13) is penetrated in a space surrounded by the end portions of the 3 wings (171), and the other end of the 3 wings (171) is connected with the lower end cover (8).
6. The experimental device for simulating the scouring and dissolving effect of cement slurry on salt rocks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end cover (12) and the lower end cover (8) are both stepped, and external threads (121) matched with the corrugated pipe (6) are arranged at the liquid outlet (122) of the upper end cover (12) and the liquid inlet (81) of the lower end cover (8).
7. An evaluation method for simulating the scouring and dissolving effect of cement paste on salt rocks, which is characterized in that the experimental device for simulating the scouring and dissolving effect of cement paste on salt rocks, which is disclosed by claim 2, is adopted, and the steps are as follows:
step 1: preparing the core (10) according to the experimental requirements, enabling the diameter of the core (10) and the diameter of the first through hole (101) to meet the experimental requirements, and recording the initial mass m of the core (10)0Initiation of the first via (101)Diameter d0；
Step 2: soaking the rock core (10) in static cement slurry at intervals of t0Taking out the core (10), measuring the mass of the core (10) and recording as m1、m2……mn；
And step 3: connecting a hollow pipe body (7) and a lower end cover (8), sequentially putting a first rubber column (9), a rock core (10) and a second rubber column (11), then putting an upper end cover (12), penetrating a flow guide column (13) fixedly connected with the upper end cover (12) into a first through hole (101), righting the lower end of the flow guide column (13) through a righting short joint (17), then connecting a pressing device with the middle pipe body (7) through threads, enabling a first pipe body (14) to act on the upper end cover (12), and rotating a top cover (15) until the rock core (10) is tightly pressed;
and 4, step 4: the flushing device (5), the cement paste tank (1) and the pneumatic diaphragm pump (4) are communicated together by using a corrugated pipe (6);
and 5: preparing cement slurry, fully stirring the cement slurry, pouring the cement slurry into a cement slurry tank (1), putting the cement slurry tank (1) into a water bath box (2), starting a heating instrument (3), heating the cement slurry to a required experimental temperature, and starting a pneumatic diaphragm pump (4) for circulation;
step 6: at a certain time interval t0Stopping circulation, disassembling the scouring device (5), taking out the cement paste on the inner wall of the rock core (10) wiped by the rock core (10), and weighing the mass of the rock core (10) at the moment to be M1Measuring the diameter of the first through hole (101) and recording the diameter as D1After the measurement is finished, the flushing device (5) is assembled;
and 7: continuing the pump cycle, repeating step 6 n times, i.e. at regular intervals t0Taking out the rock core (10), wiping off cement paste on the inner wall of the rock core (10), weighing the mass of the rock core (10), and recording the mass as M2、M3……Mn(ii) a Measuring the diameter of the first through hole (101) and recording the diameter as D2、D3……DnWherein { (m)0-Mn)-(m0-mn) A difference of (D)n-d0) The difference value of the characteristic values can represent the scouring action of cement slurry on the rock core (10) at a certain temperature, a certain scouring speed and a certain scouring time;
and 8: after the experiment is finished, closing the pneumatic diaphragm pump (4), discharging cement paste in the corrugated pipe (6), cleaning an experimental device, performing performance test on the circulated cement paste, comparing the performance with the performance of the cement paste which is not washed, and judging whether the cement paste system can still keep good design performance by comparing the change of the performance of the cement paste before and after washing;
and step 9: the air supply pressure is adjusted to the pressure required by the next stage experiment by adjusting the pressure reducing valve on the pneumatic diaphragm pump (4), the change of the flow speed is realized, the heating temperature and the scouring time of the heating instrument (3) are adjusted, and the steps 1 to 8 are repeated, so that the scouring degree of the cement paste on the stratum rock at different flow speeds, temperatures and times and the action mechanism of the cement paste and the salt rock are researched, and therefore, a certain experimental basis is provided for the design of a cement paste system, the prediction of the performance change range of the cement paste and the optimization of construction parameters in cement injection.
8. The method for evaluating the scouring dissolution effect of simulated cement slurry on salt rock as claimed in claim 7, wherein the diameter of the core (10) is less than or equal to 110 mm.
9. The method for evaluating the scouring dissolution effect of simulated cement slurry on salt rock as claimed in claim 7, wherein the diameter of the first through hole (101) is 30 mm.
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| CN112444462A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-03-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for simulating and testing fluid scouring performance of shaft |
| CN111140229B (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2021-09-24 | 中国矿业大学 | A simulation system for roof failure process after water-solution mining of layered salt rock |
| CN112858157B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2025-02-18 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | Device and method for studying the influence of surrounding rock fissure water on the erosion process of buffer materials |
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