CN110132096A - A checking tool for detecting the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear - Google Patents
A checking tool for detecting the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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Abstract
本发明属于锥齿轮内孔倒角检测工具技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种用于检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的检具，包括定位底座和标准定位量杆，锥齿轮放置在定位底座上，标准定位量杆套设在锥齿轮中且与定位底座相连；定位底座包括底座本体和设置在底座本体中的第一定位孔、第二定位孔和第三定位孔，且第二定位孔中设有弹簧；标准定位量杆包括一体成形的测量部、颈部、上定位部和下定位部，其中测量部用于套设在锥齿轮中，下定位部套设在弹簧中并和第三定位孔相连。本发明通过对测量部的直接测量，就可以判断出锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度是否在设计值的变化范围之内，简化了锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的计算过程。
The invention belongs to the technical field of bevel gear inner hole chamfer detection tools, in particular, it relates to a checking tool for detecting the height of the bevel gear inner hole ball end chamfer, which includes a positioning base and a standard positioning measuring rod, and the bevel gear is placed on On the positioning base, the standard positioning measuring rod is sleeved in the bevel gear and connected with the positioning base; the positioning base includes the base body and the first positioning hole, the second positioning hole and the third positioning hole arranged in the base body, and the second A spring is set in the positioning hole; the standard positioning measuring rod includes an integrally formed measuring part, a neck, an upper positioning part and a lower positioning part, wherein the measuring part is used to be sleeved in the bevel gear, and the lower positioning part is sleeved in the spring and Connect with the third positioning hole. The present invention can judge whether the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear is within the variation range of the design value by directly measuring the measuring part, thereby simplifying the calculation process of the chamfer height of the ball end of the bevel gear inner hole.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于锥齿轮内孔倒角检测工具技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种用于检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的检具。The invention belongs to the technical field of bevel gear inner hole chamfer detection tools, and in particular relates to a checking tool for detecting the height of the bevel gear inner hole chamfer ball end.
背景技术Background technique
锥齿轮传动是一种角向传动，呈悬臂支承结构，其轴向定位精度决定了相配合锥齿轮的啮合质量。锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度是安装位置轴向的定位基准之一，因此锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度必须在设计值范围之内。Bevel gear transmission is a kind of angular transmission with a cantilever support structure, and its axial positioning accuracy determines the meshing quality of the matching bevel gear. The chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear is one of the axial positioning references of the installation position, so the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear must be within the design value range.
目前，对锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的测量方法为：先精确测量锥齿轮内孔直径，用轮廓仪走球面、倒角、内孔的轨迹，再根据内孔半径，加减计算后找到理想平面的位置，最后测量出倒角的理论尖点到理想平面的距离实际值。这一计算流程复杂，检测效率低，由于轮廓仪对检验条件要求很高，不能对每一个生产的锥齿轮进行实时检测，只能进行抽样检测，有时因抽样误差或检测不及时会导致成批的锥齿轮出现质量问题，终检不合格，造成较大的经济损失。At present, the method of measuring the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear is: first accurately measure the diameter of the inner hole of the bevel gear, use a profiler to follow the trajectory of the spherical surface, chamfer, and inner hole, and then calculate according to the radius of the inner hole. Find the position of the ideal plane, and finally measure the actual value of the distance from the theoretical sharp point of the chamfer to the ideal plane. This calculation process is complicated and the detection efficiency is low. Since the profilometer has high requirements on the inspection conditions, it cannot detect each bevel gear produced in real time, and can only conduct sampling inspections. Sometimes, due to sampling errors or untimely inspections, batches The bevel gear has quality problems, and the final inspection fails, resulting in large economic losses.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决现有技术存在的上述缺陷，本发明提供了一种用于检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的检具。In order to solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a checking tool for detecting the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear.
本发明的技术方案如下：Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
本发明提供了一种用于检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的检具，包括定位底座和标准定位量杆，锥齿轮放置在上述定位底座上，上述标准定位量杆套设在上述锥齿轮中且与上述定位底座相连。The invention provides a checking tool for detecting the chamfering height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear, which includes a positioning base and a standard positioning measuring rod. In the gear and connected with the above-mentioned positioning base.
上述定位底座包括底座本体和设置在上述底座本体中的第一定位孔、第二定位孔和第三定位孔，且上述第二定位孔中设有弹簧。The positioning base includes a base body and a first positioning hole, a second positioning hole and a third positioning hole arranged in the base body, and a spring is arranged in the second positioning hole.
上述标准定位量杆包括一体成形的测量部、颈部、上定位部和下定位部，其中测量部用于套设在上述锥齿轮中，下定位部套设在上述弹簧中并与第三定位孔相连。The above-mentioned standard positioning measuring rod includes an integrally formed measuring part, a neck, an upper positioning part and a lower positioning part, wherein the measuring part is used to be sleeved in the above-mentioned bevel gear, and the lower positioning part is sleeved in the above-mentioned spring and is connected with the third positioning part. The holes are connected.
在本发明提供的实施例中，上述第一定位孔直径大于上述第二定位孔直径，上述第二定位孔直径大于上述第三定位孔直径。In an embodiment provided by the present invention, the diameter of the first positioning hole is larger than the diameter of the second positioning hole, and the diameter of the second positioning hole is larger than the diameter of the third positioning hole.
在本发明提供的实施例中，上述第一定位孔、第二定位孔及第三定位孔同轴。In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the first positioning hole, the second positioning hole and the third positioning hole are coaxial.
在本发明提供的实施例中，上述上定位部靠近下定位部的端面以及下定位部自由端的端面上均设有倒角。In the embodiment provided by the present invention, chamfers are provided on the end surface of the upper positioning part close to the lower positioning part and the end surface of the free end of the lower positioning part.
在本发明提供的实施例中，上述颈部直径小于测量部直径和上定位部直径。In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the diameter of the neck is smaller than the diameter of the measuring part and the diameter of the upper positioning part.
有益效果：本发明构思巧妙，使用方便，通过对测量部的直接测量，就可以判断出锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度是否在设计值的变化范围之内，简化了现有锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的计算过程，提高了检测效率，并在实践中取得了良好的检测效果，现场推广后可对生产出的每一个锥齿轮进行实时检测，避免了以往锥齿轮成批报废的事故。Beneficial effects: the invention is ingenious in concept and easy to use. By directly measuring the measuring part, it can be judged whether the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear is within the variation range of the design value, and the existing bevel gear inner hole is simplified. The calculation process of the chamfer height of the ball end improves the detection efficiency and has achieved good detection results in practice. After field promotion, each bevel gear produced can be detected in real time, avoiding the batch scrapping of bevel gears in the past ACCIDENT.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施方式的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1本发明提供的用于检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的检具装配结构图；Fig. 1 is an assembly structure diagram of the inspection tool for detecting the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear provided by the present invention;
图2本发明提供的定位底座结构图；Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the positioning base provided by the present invention;
图3本发明提供的标准定位量杆结构图；The standard positioning measuring rod structural diagram that Fig. 3 the present invention provides;
图4图1中A处局部放大图；Figure 4. Partial enlarged view of A in Figure 1;
图5 L3理论值波动范围计算公式中各参数关系图。Fig. 5 The relationship diagram of each parameter in the calculation formula of the theoretical value fluctuation range of L3.
图中所示：100-用于检测锥齿轮内孔齿小端倒角高度的检具；1-定位底座；10-底座本体；11-第一定位孔；12-第二定位孔；13-尖角；14-第三定位孔；2-标准定位量杆；20-测量部；21-颈部；22-上定位部；23-下定位部；24-倒角；3-弹簧。As shown in the figure: 100-the inspection tool for detecting the chamfer height of the small end of the inner hole of the bevel gear; 1-the positioning base; 10-the base body; 11-the first positioning hole; 12-the second positioning hole; 13- Sharp angle; 14-the third positioning hole; 2-standard positioning measuring rod; 20-measurement part; 21-neck; 22-upper positioning part; 23-lower positioning part; 24-chamfering; 3-spring.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
为使本发明实施方式的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施方式中的附图，对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施方式是本发明一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施方式的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is some embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the implementation manners in the present invention, all other implementation manners obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，指示方位或位置关系的术语为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying No device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之上或之下可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征之上、上方和上面包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征之下、下方和下面包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature above or below the second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, and may also include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but is through additional feature contacts between them. Moreover, the first feature on, above and above the second feature includes the first feature directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. The first feature being below, below and below the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.
实施例：Example:
如图1所示，本实施例提供了一种用于检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的检具100，包括定位底座1和标准定位量杆2，锥齿轮放置在上述定位底座1上，上述标准定位量杆2套设在上述锥齿轮内孔中且与上述定位底座1相连。As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a checker 100 for detecting the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear, including a positioning base 1 and a standard positioning measuring rod 2, and the bevel gear is placed on the above positioning base 1 , the above-mentioned standard positioning measuring rod 2 is sleeved in the inner hole of the above-mentioned bevel gear and connected with the above-mentioned positioning base 1 .
如图2所示，上述定位底座1包括底座本体10和设置在上述底座本体10中的第一定位孔11、第二定位孔12和第三定位孔14，且上述第二定位孔12中设有弹簧3。其中第一定位孔11和底座本体10上表面处为直角过渡，即第一定位孔11的上边沿呈尖角13，以保证定位底座1和锥齿轮为线接触。As shown in Figure 2, the above-mentioned positioning base 1 includes a base body 10 and a first positioning hole 11, a second positioning hole 12 and a third positioning hole 14 arranged in the above-mentioned base body 10, and the above-mentioned second positioning hole 12 is provided with There are springs 3. Wherein the first positioning hole 11 and the upper surface of the base body 10 have a right-angle transition, that is, the upper edge of the first positioning hole 11 forms a sharp angle 13 to ensure that the positioning base 1 and the bevel gear are in line contact.
如图3所示，上述标准定位量杆2包括一体成形的测量部20、颈部21、上定位部22和下定位部23，其中测量部20用于套设在上述锥齿轮内孔中，下定位部23和上述定位底座1上第二定位孔12、第三定位孔14相连。As shown in Figure 3, the above-mentioned standard positioning measuring rod 2 includes an integrally formed measuring part 20, a neck 21, an upper positioning part 22 and a lower positioning part 23, wherein the measuring part 20 is used to be sleeved in the inner hole of the above-mentioned bevel gear, The lower positioning portion 23 is connected to the second positioning hole 12 and the third positioning hole 14 on the above-mentioned positioning base 1 .
具体的，上述测量部20中直径较大的侧面和锥齿轮内孔间隙配合，下定位部23和第三定位孔14间隙配合，且套设在第二定位孔12中的弹簧3内。如图4所示，上定位部22直径大于内孔球端倒角圆弧切点的直径，以便于避开倒角圆弧对测量结果的影响。此外上定位部22靠近颈部21一端端面设有尖角13，即该端端面边沿为直角。Specifically, the larger diameter side of the measuring part 20 is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the bevel gear, the lower positioning part 23 is in clearance fit with the third positioning hole 14 , and is sleeved in the spring 3 in the second positioning hole 12 . As shown in FIG. 4 , the diameter of the upper positioning portion 22 is larger than the diameter of the tangent point of the chamfering arc at the ball end of the inner hole, so as to avoid the influence of the chamfering arc on the measurement result. In addition, the upper positioning portion 22 is provided with a sharp angle 13 on an end surface close to the neck portion 21 , that is, the edge of the end surface is at a right angle.
在本实施例中，上述第一定位孔11直径大于上述第二定位孔12直径，第二定位孔12直径大于第三定位孔14直径。In this embodiment, the diameter of the first positioning hole 11 is larger than the diameter of the second positioning hole 12 , and the diameter of the second positioning hole 12 is larger than the diameter of the third positioning hole 14 .
在本实施例中，上述第一定位孔11、第二定位孔12以及第三定位孔14同轴。In this embodiment, the first positioning hole 11 , the second positioning hole 12 and the third positioning hole 14 are coaxial.
在本实施例中，上述上定位部22靠近下定位部23的端面以及下定位部23自由端的端面上均设有倒角24。倒角24设置便于标准定位量杆2的装取。In this embodiment, chamfers 24 are provided on the end surface of the upper positioning part 22 close to the lower positioning part 23 and the end surface of the free end of the lower positioning part 23 . The chamfering 24 is arranged to facilitate the loading and unloading of the standard positioning measuring rod 2 .
在本实施例中，上述颈部21直径小于测量部20直径和上定位部22直径。In this embodiment, the diameter of the neck portion 21 is smaller than the diameter of the measuring portion 20 and the diameter of the upper positioning portion 22 .
本实施例提供的用于检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的检具100的检测步骤如下：The detection steps of the inspection tool 100 provided in this embodiment for detecting the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear are as follows:
1)、首先将定位底座1放置在工作平台上，使得与第一定位孔11相通的底座本体10上表面向上，使得与第三定位孔14相通的底座本体10下表面向下与工作平台相接，并在第二定位孔12中装入弹簧3；1), first place the positioning base 1 on the working platform, so that the upper surface of the base body 10 communicating with the first positioning hole 11 is upward, so that the lower surface of the base body 10 communicating with the third positioning hole 14 is downward facing the working platform Connect, and install the spring 3 in the second positioning hole 12;
2)、将标准定位量杆2装入到被测锥齿轮内孔中，使得测量部20中直径较大的侧面和锥齿轮内孔间隙相连，再将标准定位量杆2的下定位部23依次穿过第二定位孔12中的弹簧3后和第三定位孔14间隙相连，确保被测锥齿轮球面与定位底座1第一定位孔11边沿尖角13线接触；2), put the standard positioning measuring rod 2 into the inner hole of the measured bevel gear, so that the side with a larger diameter in the measuring part 20 is connected with the inner hole of the bevel gear, and then place the lower positioning part 23 of the standard positioning measuring rod 2 After passing through the spring 3 in the second positioning hole 12 in turn, it is connected with the third positioning hole 14 to ensure that the spherical surface of the bevel gear to be tested is in contact with the sharp corner 13 of the first positioning hole 11 of the positioning base 1;
3)、在弹簧3的作用下，确保标准定位量杆2的上定位部22上边缘处的尖角13与被检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角线接触；3), under the action of the spring 3, ensure that the sharp angle 13 at the upper edge of the upper positioning portion 22 of the standard positioning measuring rod 2 is in contact with the ball end chamfer line of the inner hole of the bevel gear to be detected;
4)、用高度尺测量标准定位量杆2测量部20上部端面到定位底座1上表面之间的垂直高度L3，若L3实测值在其理论值变化范围之内，则表面被测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度合理，锥齿轮合格，反之则表面锥齿轮不合格。4) Use a height gauge to measure the vertical height L 3 between the upper end surface of the measuring part 20 of the standard positioning measuring rod 2 and the upper surface of the positioning base 1. If the measured value of L 3 is within the variation range of its theoretical value, the measured cone on the surface The chamfer height of the ball end of the gear inner hole is reasonable, and the bevel gear is qualified, otherwise, the surface bevel gear is unqualified.
上述步骤4)中的L3理论值波动范围计算公式如下：The calculation formula of L3 theoretical value fluctuation range in above-mentioned step 4) is as follows:
L3＝L4-h2-L2 L 3 =L 4 -h 2 -L 2
其中：如图5所示，L4为标准定位量杆2测量部20的自由端端面到上定位部22上表面(上定位部22和颈部21相接面)之间的距离；h2为锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度标准值变化范围；L2为标准定位量杆2测量部20尖角13到被测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角尖点之间的轴向距离，为检具设计时已知理论值。由此可知：当用于检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的检具100选定后，L4、L2值均为已知值，h2的变动只会带动L3的变动，由于h2测量过程复杂，所以通过测量L3的值就可反推h2是否在设计值范围之内，以此来判断生产出的锥齿轮产品是否合格。Wherein: as shown in Figure 5, L 4 is the distance between the free end face of the standard positioning measuring rod 2 measuring portion 20 to the upper surface of the upper positioning portion 22 (the upper positioning portion 22 and the neck 21 interface); h 2 is the variation range of the standard value of the chamfer height of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear; L2 is the axial distance between the sharp corner 13 of the measuring part 20 of the standard positioning measuring rod 2 and the sharp point of the chamfer of the ball end of the inner hole of the bevel gear, which is The theoretical value is known when the gage is designed. It can be seen from this that when the inspection tool 100 used to detect the chamfer height of the ball end of the bevel gear inner hole is selected, the values of L 4 and L 2 are known values, and the change of h 2 will only drive the change of L 3 , because The measurement process of h 2 is complicated, so by measuring the value of L 3 , it can be deduced whether h 2 is within the design value range, so as to judge whether the produced bevel gear products are qualified.
本实施例提供的用于检测锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的检具的有益效果为：本发明构思巧妙，使用方便，通过对测量部的直接测量，就可以判断出锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度是否在设计值的变化范围之内，简化了现有锥齿轮内孔球端倒角高度的计算过程，提高了检测效率，并在实践中取得了良好的检测效果，现场推广后可对生产出的每一个锥齿轮进行实时检测，避免了以往锥齿轮成批报废的事故。The beneficial effect of the inspection tool for detecting the chamfer height of the inner hole ball end of the bevel gear provided by this embodiment is that the present invention has an ingenious concept and is easy to use. Through direct measurement of the measuring part, the inner hole ball of the bevel gear can be determined Whether the end chamfer height is within the variation range of the design value simplifies the calculation process of the existing bevel gear inner hole ball end chamfer height, improves the detection efficiency, and has achieved good detection results in practice. After field promotion Real-time detection can be carried out on each bevel gear produced, which avoids the accident of scrapping bevel gears in batches in the past.
以上所述，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。The above description does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any skilled person familiar with this field will not depart from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, if the technical content disclosed above can be used to make some changes or be modified into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, any simple modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention will not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention. Modifications, equivalent changes and modifications all still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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