CN110130530B - A kind of building interlocking block and thermal insulation mortar used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a building interlocking block and thermal insulation mortar used therefor. The left side of the interlocking block is provided with a protruding T-shaped bump, and the right side of the interlocking block is provided with a T-shaped groove that matches the convex block; the center of the interlocking block is provided with a longitudinally penetrating filling cavity, and the number of filling cavities is multiple. Horizontally arranged in parallel, the filling cavity is used to fill the thermal insulation mortar, and the bottom surface of the interlocking blocks is provided with a plurality of anti-skid protrusions evenly distributed; the components of the filled thermal insulation mortar include: cement, fly ash, gypsum, energy storage aggregate, Glass fiber, cement expansion agent. The energy storage aggregate is a particulate matter with a stomata-like basalt as a carrier, adsorbed with a phase change mixture, and has a shell-core structure.

Description

A kind of building interlocking block and thermal insulation mortar used therefor

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a building interlocking block and thermal insulation mortar used therefor.

Background technique

Blocks are man-made blocks for masonry, and they are a new type of wall material. Blocks are mostly man-made blocks made of concrete, industrial waste or local materials. The overall dimensions are larger than that of bricks. They have the advantages of simple equipment and fast masonry, which meet the requirements of wall reform in the development of construction industrialization. Blocks are divided into small blocks, medium blocks and large blocks according to their size and quality. Blocks can be divided into solid blocks and hollow blocks according to their appearance. The hollow block has three forms: single row of square holes, single row of round holes and multi-row flat holes, among which, multi-row flat holes are more favorable for heat preservation. According to the position and function of the blocks in the assembly, they can be divided into main blocks and various auxiliary blocks.

In order to further improve the thermal insulation performance of the blocks, some porous blocks will fill the internal cavity with foamed concrete or organic foam materials, and use the low thermal conductivity of these filling materials to improve the thermal insulation effect of the blocks. China's utility model authorization bulletin number CN204876290U discloses a foamed concrete sintered composite thermal insulation block and its self-insulating wall, as well as a compression-resistant flame-retardant thermal insulation block filled with thermal insulation core disclosed in CN205742708U. products. In the above block products, the performance of the filler will not only affect the thermal insulation performance of the block, but also affect the weather resistance of the block. The bonding strength, expansion coefficient, and aging resistance between the filler and the block The difference in performance will directly affect the aging life of the block.

Therefore, how to develop a new type of block with good thermal insulation performance, excellent stability and weather resistance has become an important research direction in the field of environmental protection building materials.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to design a new technical solution to provide a building interlocking block and the thermal insulation mortar used therefor. Compared with the traditional block, this type of block has high strength and weather resistance. Good, better thermal insulation performance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention realizes through the following technical solutions:

A building interlocking block, the left side of the interlocking block is provided with a protruding T-shaped bump, the right side of the interlocking block is provided with a T-shaped groove matching the convex block; the center of the interlocking block is provided with a longitudinally penetrating filling cavity for filling The number of cavities is multiple, arranged in parallel along the transverse direction, the filling cavity is used to fill the thermal insulation mortar, and the bottom surface of the interlocking blocks is provided with a plurality of anti-skid protrusions evenly distributed.

Preferably, the interlocking blocks are moulded concrete blocks or sintered blocks.

Among them, the thermal insulation mortar is pre-filled after the interlocking blocks are formed.

A thermal insulation mortar used for filling interlocking blocks. According to the mass percentage, the raw material components of the thermal insulation mortar include: 20-30 parts of cement, 40-50 parts of fly ash, 8-16 parts of gypsum, and 10-16 parts of energy storage aggregates. 20 parts, glass fiber 1-3 parts, cement expansion agent 0.2-0.4 parts.

Preferably, according to mass percentage, the raw material components of the thermal insulation mortar include: 27 parts of cement, 45 parts of fly ash, 11 parts of gypsum, 16 parts of energy storage aggregates, 2 parts of glass fiber, and 0.3 parts of cement expansion agent.

In the present invention, the preparation method of the energy storage aggregate comprises the following steps:

(1) Add the multi-component organic phase change mixture into the sealed reaction kettle, heat it to 75-80°C until the material is liquefied, then add nano-alumina which accounts for 6-8wt% of the multi-component organic phase change mixture into the dispersion kettle, stir evenly Until the material is uniformly dispersed, 0.3-0.8wt% of AlNSb quantum dots and 4.3-6.5wt% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether are added, and the mixed solution is obtained by high-speed dispersion;

(2) Mix the mixed solution from the previous step with water, glycerol, alginate oligosaccharide, and polyvinyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 7:3:0.2:2:1, and heat the material to 65-80°C, with a temperature higher than 450r/min high-speed dispersing treatment for 3-4min to obtain the mixture emulsion;

(3) Select stomatal basalt with a density of 0.3-1.4g/cm³, wash the stomatal basalt with water to remove ash, then calcine at a temperature of 530-650°C for 30-40min, and then naturally cool to room temperature; then put the stomatal basalt into In the vacuum kettle, the vacuum kettle is preheated to 75-80 ℃, and the mixture emulsion of the previous step is injected into the vacuum kettle. Vacuum state for 0.8-1.5h, and then sieve the adsorbed stomata-like basalt, and then naturally cool to room temperature;

(4) According to the mass percentage of 2.5:0.3:1:100, fully mix chitosan, guar hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, sorbitol and 2.5% acetic acid solution, and after magnetic stirring to disperse evenly, Ultrasonic degassing to obtain a film-forming solution; then put the stomata-like basalt in the previous step into the film-forming solution to be completely immersed, immersed for 6-10 minutes, then sieved, spread on a drying plate, naturally dried for 24 hours, and then irradiated with 45- Dry at a temperature of 55°C for 5-6 hours, and cycle the "dipping-drying" process 3-5 times to obtain the desired energy storage aggregate.

Wherein, the multi-component organic phase-change mixture in step (1) is obtained by compounding a variety of hydrocarbon mixtures with a carbon number of 18-30, and the phase-change temperature is a mixture of 30-50°C.

The particle size of the stomatal basalt in step (3) is 2-4 mm.

In step (4), chitosan selects a product with a degree of deacetylation of 85-95%.

Preferably, the cement is selected from alkaline cement; the expansion agent is selected as a product with an iron powder content of more than 90% and added with sodium chloride, sodium thiosulfate, pulling powder, water reducing agent, ammonium chloride, and aluminum powder.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The interlocking block provided by the present invention is a concrete preformed wall material. Through the interlocking mechanisms such as grooves and bumps on the block, the dosage of cement mortar and other adhesives in the block masonry process can be reduced, and the Structural strength of masonry walls. The interlocking block also includes a large-capacity filling cavity, and the filling cavity is filled with prefabricated thermal insulation mortar, thereby significantly improving the thermal insulation performance of the block without affecting the structural strength and weather resistance of the block.

The material properties of the thermal insulation mortar in this embodiment are similar to that of the block, and the thermal insulation mortar also contains an agent-free bonding material, so it can be stably combined with the block body. Exfoliation occurs, and the structural stability and chemical stability of the material are excellent.

In addition, a special energy storage aggregate is added to the thermal insulation mortar raw material of the present invention, which is a new material produced by applying a new process. The material is used as a matrix and is coated with a polymer film-forming material, thereby obtaining a phase change energy storage particle with a shell-core structure. The high strength and wear resistance and pressure resistance properties can be stably compatible with other inorganic materials in the thermal insulation mortar, so the blocks of the present invention can better exert the energy storage and heat collection properties.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached image:

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the interlocking block monolith in the present embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the single block of the interlocking block facing upward in the present embodiment;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the multi-block combination of interlocking blocks in the present embodiment;

The figures are marked as: 11, bump; 12, groove; 13, filling cavity; 14, anti-slip protrusion.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside" "," "outside", "front end", "rear end", "top", "bottom" and the like indicated the orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplification It is described, rather than indicated or implied, that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a connectable connection. Removal connection, or integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or a circuit connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a building interlocking block, the left side of the interlocking block is provided with a protruding T-shaped bump 11, and the right side of the interlocking block is provided with a T-shaped concave matching the convex block 11 Slot 12; the center of the interlocking block is provided with a longitudinally penetrating filling cavity 13, the number of filling cavities 13 is multiple, and arranged in parallel along the transverse direction, the filling cavity 13 is used for filling thermal insulation mortar, and the bottom surface of the interlocking block is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed antiskid protrusion 14.

The interlocking blocks are moulded concrete blocks.

Among them, the thermal insulation mortar is pre-filled after the interlocking blocks are formed.

According to the mass percentage, the raw material components of the thermal insulation mortar filled in the interlocking block include: 20 parts of cement, 40 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of gypsum, 10 parts of energy storage aggregate, 1 part of glass fiber, and 0.2 part of cement expansion agent .

In this embodiment, the preparation method of the energy storage aggregate comprises the following steps:

(1) Add the multi-component organic phase change mixture into the sealed reaction kettle, heat it to 75°C until the material is liquefied, then add nano-alumina which accounts for 6wt% of the multi-component organic phase change mixture into the dispersion kettle, and stir evenly until the material is uniformly dispersed , then add 0.3wt% AlNSb quantum dots and 4.3wt% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and disperse at high speed to obtain a mixed solution;

(2) Mix the mixed solution of the previous step with water, glycerol, alginate oligosaccharide, and polyvinyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 7:3:0.2:2:1, and heat the material to 65 ° C, at a temperature higher than 450 r/ The rotating speed of min is high-speed dispersion treatment for 3min to obtain the mixture emulsion;

(3) Select stomatal basalt with a density of 0.3-1.4g/cm³, wash the stomatal basalt with water to remove ash, then calcine at a temperature of 530°C for 30 minutes, and then naturally cool to room temperature; then put the stomatal basalt into the vacuum kettle , the vacuum kettle is preheated to 75 ℃, and the mixture emulsion of the previous step is injected into the vacuum kettle, and the input amount is subject to the complete immersion of the stomata-shaped basalt; After sieving the adsorbed stomata basalt, it is cooled to room temperature naturally;

(4) According to the mass percentage of 2.5:0.3:1:100, fully mix chitosan, guar hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, sorbitol and 2.5% acetic acid solution, and after magnetic stirring to disperse evenly, Ultrasonic degassing to obtain a film-forming solution; then put the stomata-like basalt in the previous step into the film-forming solution to be completely immersed, immersed for 6 minutes, sieved, spread on a drying plate, naturally dried for 24 hours, and then heated at a temperature of 45 °C After drying for 5 hours, the "dipping-drying" process was cycled 3 times to obtain the required energy storage aggregates.

Wherein, the multi-component organic phase-change mixture in step (1) is obtained by compounding a variety of hydrocarbon mixtures with a carbon number of 18-30, and the phase-change temperature is a mixture of 30-50°C.

The particle size of the stomatal basalt in step (3) is 2-4 mm.

In step (4), chitosan selects a product with a degree of deacetylation of 85%.

The cement should be alkaline cement; the expansion agent should be products with iron powder content exceeding 90%, and added with sodium chloride, sodium thiosulfate, pulling powder, water reducing agent, ammonium chloride and aluminum powder.

Example 2

The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is:

The thermal insulation mortar filled in the interlocking blocks, according to the mass percentage, the raw material components include: 30 parts of cement, 50 parts of fly ash, 16 parts of gypsum, 20 parts of energy storage aggregates, 3 parts of glass fiber, and 0.4 parts of cement expansion agent .

In this embodiment, the preparation method of the energy storage aggregate comprises the following steps:

(1) Add the multi-component organic phase change mixture into the sealed reaction kettle, heat it to 80°C until the material liquefies, then add nano-alumina which accounts for 8wt% of the multi-component organic phase change mixture into the dispersion kettle, and stir evenly until the material is uniformly dispersed , then add 0.8wt% AlNSb quantum dots and 6.5wt% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and disperse at high speed to obtain a mixed solution;

(2) Mix the mixed solution of the previous step with water, glycerol, alginate oligosaccharide, and polyvinyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 7:3:0.2:2:1, and heat the material to 80 °C, and the temperature is higher than 450r/ The rotating speed of min is high-speed dispersion treatment for 4min to obtain the mixture emulsion;

(3) Select stomatal basalt with a density of 0.3-1.4g/cm³, wash the stomatal basalt with water to remove ash, then calcinate at a temperature of 650°C for 40 minutes, and then naturally cool to room temperature; then put the stomatal basalt into the vacuum kettle , the vacuum kettle is preheated to 80 ℃, and the mixture emulsion of the previous step is injected into the vacuum kettle, and the input amount is subject to the complete immersion of the stomata-shaped basalt; After sieving the adsorbed stomata basalt, it is cooled to room temperature naturally;

(4) According to the mass percentage of 2.5:0.3:1:100, fully mix chitosan, guar hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, sorbitol and 2.5% acetic acid solution, and after magnetic stirring to disperse evenly, Ultrasonic degassing to obtain a film-forming solution; then put the stomata-like basalt in the previous step into the film-forming solution to be completely immersed, immersed for 10 minutes, then sieved, spread on a drying plate, naturally dried for 24 hours, and then heated at 55 °C After drying for 6 h, the "dipping-drying" process was cycled 5 times to obtain the required energy storage aggregate.

Wherein, the multi-component organic phase-change mixture in step (1) is obtained by compounding a variety of hydrocarbon mixtures with a carbon number of 18-30, and the phase-change temperature is a mixture of 30-50°C.

The particle size of the stomatal basalt in step (3) is 2-4 mm.

In step (4), chitosan selects a product with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.

Preferably, the cement is selected from alkaline cement; the expansion agent is selected as a product with an iron powder content of more than 90% and added with sodium chloride, sodium thiosulfate, pulling powder, water reducing agent, ammonium chloride, and aluminum powder.

Example 3

The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is:

The thermal insulation mortar filled in the interlocking blocks, according to the mass percentage, its raw material components include: 27 parts of cement, 45 parts of fly ash, 11 parts of gypsum, 16 parts of energy storage aggregates, 2 parts of glass fiber, and 0.3 parts of cement expansion agent .

In this embodiment, the preparation method of the energy storage aggregate comprises the following steps:

(1) Add the multi-component organic phase change mixture into the sealed reaction kettle, heat it to 76°C until the material is liquefied, then add nano-alumina which accounts for 7wt% of the multi-component organic phase change mixture into the dispersion kettle, and stir evenly until the material is uniformly dispersed , and then add 0.5wt% AlNSb quantum dots and 5.3wt% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and disperse at high speed to obtain a mixed solution;

(2) Mix the mixed solution from the previous step with water, glycerol, alginate oligosaccharide, and polyvinyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 7:3:0.2:2:1, heat the material to 74°C, and heat the material to a temperature higher than 450r/ The rotating speed of min is high-speed dispersion treatment for 3min to obtain the mixture emulsion;

(3) Select stomatal basalt with a density of 0.3-1.4g/cm³, wash the stomatal basalt with water to remove ash, then calcine at a temperature of 610°C for 35 minutes, and then naturally cool to room temperature; then put the stomatal basalt into the vacuum kettle , the vacuum kettle is preheated to 78 ℃, and the mixture emulsion of the previous step is injected into the vacuum kettle, and the input amount is subject to the complete immersion of the stomata basalt; then the vacuum kettle is evacuated to a vacuum state, and the vacuum state is maintained for 1.2 hours. After sieving the adsorbed stomata basalt, it is cooled to room temperature naturally;

(4) According to the mass percentage of 2.5:0.3:1:100, fully mix chitosan, guar hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, sorbitol and 2.5% acetic acid solution, and after magnetic stirring to disperse evenly, Ultrasonic degassing to obtain a film-forming solution; then put the stomata-like basalt in the previous step into the film-forming solution to be completely immersed, immersed for 8 minutes, sieved, spread on a drying plate, naturally dried for 24 hours, and then heated at 50 °C After drying for 5.7 h, the "dipping-drying" process was cycled 4 times to obtain the required energy storage aggregate.

Wherein, the multi-component organic phase-change mixture in step (1) is obtained by compounding a variety of hydrocarbon mixtures with a carbon number of 18-30, and the phase-change temperature is a mixture of 30-50°C.

The particle size of the stomatal basalt in step (3) is 2-4 mm.

In step (4), chitosan selects a product with a degree of deacetylation of 90%.

Preferably, the cement is selected from alkaline cement; the expansion agent is selected as a product with an iron powder content of more than 90% and added with sodium chloride, sodium thiosulfate, pulling powder, water reducing agent, ammonium chloride, and aluminum powder.

Performance Testing

1. Test the energy storage and heat collection performance of the thermal insulation mortar in this example. The test method is as follows: the thermal insulation mortar in the example is solidified and formed, then heated to 45°C, and naturally cooled at room temperature of 17±0.5°C for 10 minutes. During the test, compared with Example 1, only the heat-storage aggregate was replaced with the thermal insulation mortar of stomata-like basalt as the control group, and the following test data were obtained.

Table 1: Test results of energy storage and heat collection performance of thermal insulation mortar in this example and the control group

time control group Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 10 37.2 41.2 41.5 41.4 20 31.5 35.7 35.6 35.4 30 24.3 31.2 31.4 31.0 40 20.1 28.4 28.7 28.1 50 19.2 26.3 26.5 25.9 60 18.5 24.5 24.7 24.3 70 18.4 23.8 23.5 23.1 80 18.2 23.5 23.4 22.7

Analysis of the above experimental results found that in the early stage of the test, the temperature of the molded body in the control group dropped rapidly, and the cooling rate was significantly faster than that of the product in this example. However, the cooling rate of the molded body formed by the thermal insulation mortar of this example changed little before and after the test, and the temperature in the later stage of the test was also higher than that of the control group. From the above experimental results, it can be concluded that since the thermal insulation mortar in this example uses energy storage aggregates, the energy storage and heat storage effect of the thermal insulation mortar is significantly enhanced, and it can absorb part of the energy at high temperature, and gradually reduce energy at low temperature. release, so as to achieve the function of energy storage, heat preservation and temperature regulation.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still understand the foregoing embodiments. The technical solutions described are modified. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A building interlocking block is characterized in that: the left side of the interlocking building block is provided with a protruding T-shaped lug, and the right side of the interlocking building block is provided with a T-shaped groove matched with the lug; the center of the interlocking building block is provided with a plurality of longitudinally-penetrating filling cavities which are arranged in parallel along the transverse direction, the filling cavities are used for filling thermal insulation mortar, and the bottom surface of the interlocking building block is provided with a plurality of anti-skid protrusions which are uniformly distributed;

the thermal insulation mortar comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30 parts of cement, 40-50 parts of fly ash, 8-16 parts of gypsum, 10-20 parts of energy storage aggregate, 1-3 parts of glass fiber and 0.2-0.4 part of cement expanding agent;

the preparation method of the energy storage aggregate comprises the following steps:

(1) adding the multielement organic phase change mixture into a sealed reaction kettle, heating to 75-80 ℃ until the materials are liquefied, then adding nano alumina accounting for 6-8wt% of the multielement organic phase change mixture into a dispersion kettle, uniformly stirring until the materials are uniformly dispersed, then adding 0.3-0.8wt% of AlNSb quantum dots and 4.3-6.5wt% of alkylphenol ethoxylates, and dispersing at high speed to obtain a mixed solution;

(2) mixing the mixed solution with water, glycerol, algin oligosaccharide and polyvinyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 7:3:0.2:2:1, heating the materials to 65-80 ℃, and performing high-speed dispersion treatment for 3-4min at the rotating speed of higher than 450r/min to obtain mixture emulsion;

(3) selecting porous basalt with the density of 0.3-1.4g/cm for carrying out thin film transformation, washing the porous basalt with water to remove ash, calcining at the temperature of 530-650 ℃ for 30-40min, and naturally cooling to room temperature; then putting the porous basalt into a vacuum kettle, preheating the vacuum kettle to 75-80 ℃, and injecting the mixture emulsion obtained in the previous step into the vacuum kettle, wherein the input amount is based on the fact that the porous basalt is completely immersed; then the vacuum kettle is pumped to a vacuum state, the vacuum state is maintained for 0.8 to 1.5 hours, and the adsorbed porous basalt is naturally cooled to room temperature after being screened;

(4) fully mixing chitosan, guar gum hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, sorbitol and 2.5% acetic acid solution according to the mass percentage of 2.5:0.3:1:100, magnetically stirring and uniformly dispersing, and then performing ultrasonic degassing treatment to obtain a film forming solution; and then putting the porous basalt in the previous step into the film forming solution to be completely immersed, soaking for 6-10min, sieving, flatly spreading on a drying plate, naturally drying for 24h, then drying for 5-6h at the temperature of 45-55 ℃, and circulating the soaking-drying process for 3-5 times to obtain the required energy storage aggregate.

2. A building interlocking block according to claim 1, wherein: the interlocking blocks are molded concrete blocks or sintered blocks.

3. A building interlocking block according to claim 1, wherein: the heat-insulating mortar is pre-filled after the chain building blocks are formed.

4. A building interlocking block according to claim 1, wherein: the heat-insulating mortar comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 27 parts of cement, 45 parts of fly ash, 11 parts of gypsum, 16 parts of energy storage aggregate, 2 parts of glass fiber and 0.3 part of cement expanding agent.

5. A building interlocking block according to claim 1, wherein: the multi-element organic phase change mixture in the step (1) is obtained by compounding a plurality of hydrocarbon mixtures with 18-30 carbon atoms, and the phase change temperature is 30-50 ℃.

6. A building interlocking block according to claim 1, wherein: the grain size of the porous basalt in the step (3) is 2-4 mm.

7. A building interlocking block according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) selecting a product with deacetylation degree of 85-95% from chitosan in the step (4).

8. A building interlocking block according to claim 1, wherein: the cement is selected from alkaline cement; the expanding agent is a product which is selected from the expanding agent and contains more than 90 percent of iron powder and is added with sodium chloride, sodium thiosulfate, nekal, a water reducing agent, ammonium chloride and aluminum powder.

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