CN110124016A - 乳清蛋白胶束用于改善糖尿病患者的胰岛素特征的用途 - Google Patents
乳清蛋白胶束用于改善糖尿病患者的胰岛素特征的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110124016A CN110124016A CN201910203028.8A CN201910203028A CN110124016A CN 110124016 A CN110124016 A CN 110124016A CN 201910203028 A CN201910203028 A CN 201910203028A CN 110124016 A CN110124016 A CN 110124016A
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于在个体中治疗和/或预防与餐后血浆胰岛素和/或餐后血浆胰高血糖素浓度增加有关的病症的乳清蛋白胶束。本发明还涉及乳清蛋白胶束用于在健康个体中降低餐后血浆胰岛素和/或胰高血糖素浓度的非治疗用途。
Description
本申请是申请日为2012年10月19日、优先权日为2011年10月21日的中国专利申请201280051704.0的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于在个体中治疗和/或预防与餐后血浆胰岛素和/或餐后血浆胰高血糖素浓度增加有关的病症的乳清蛋白胶束。本发明还涉及乳清蛋白胶束用于在健康个体中降低餐后血浆胰岛素和/或胰高血糖素浓度的非治疗用途。
背景技术
据估计，全球约有1.5亿人患有2型糖尿病。世界各地的发病率差别很大，几乎必然是由于遗传、营养、环境和生活方式因素。在美国，有约8％的群体患有糖尿病，约1800万患者被诊断出糖尿病，其中90％是2型。在1990至2005之间，流行率翻倍，该增加已经被表征为流行病。传统上认为2型糖尿病是成年人疾病，但是，由于童年期膳食结构以及生活方式的改变，在越来越多的儿童中诊断出2-型糖尿病以及肥胖症比率增加。
当对餐食的胰岛素响应或更具体地是第一时相胰岛素释放变得异常(Gerich JE,2002,Diabetes,51:S117-S121)并且血糖升高随时间推移变得不可避免时，可出现糖尿病的原发性早期发展。然后，长期高血糖导致对胰岛素的需求增加，最终导致β-细胞分泌功能障碍，引起胰腺中的β-细胞衰竭(Porte DJ,2001,Diabetes Metab Res Rev,17(3):181-188)。这种胰岛素分泌功能障碍被认为与肝脏和外周胰岛素作用的缺陷同时出现，其鉴定为胰岛素抵抗，可引起空腹血胰岛素升高。胰岛素分泌的增加和胰岛素抵抗一起合作增加了血胰岛素，并且有助于发展为2型糖尿病。其结果是，进食后血胰岛素的减少和充分应答可能是健康或糖尿病前期个体中身体的胰岛素分泌和利用充分的征兆。餐后血胰岛素降低将保护胰功能，同时改善胰岛素敏感性。长远而言，降低进食后的胰岛素需求可以降低(1)糖尿病前期个体发展为2型糖尿病的风险和(2)2型糖尿病的血糖控制的恶化。
已知蛋白质可刺激胰岛素分泌，高蛋白质饮食有降低2型糖尿病个体的血浆葡萄糖和空腹甘油三酯的潜能(Van Loon LJ等人,2000,Am J Clin Nutr 72:96-105；GannonMC等人,2003,Am J Clin Nutr 78:734-741)。最新研究评价了在2型糖尿病个体中、在富含脂肪的测试餐食后不同蛋白质类型对餐后脂血的急性效应(Mortensen LS等人,2009,Am JClin Nutr.90:41-48)。因此，比较了具有不同蛋白质源、即乳清、酪蛋白、谷蛋白和鳕鱼蛋白的4种等热量餐食。结论如下：在降低那些患者的餐后脂血方面，乳清蛋白是最有效的。Shertzer HG等人公布的进一步研究(2011,J Nutr 141:582-587)揭示：施用于小鼠的饮食乳清蛋白分离物降低了代谢疾病和发展为食用高脂肪饮食有关的糖尿病的风险。
WO2011/112695公开了乳清蛋白提供的健康益处，包括控制血糖，因此其适用于糖尿病。
在食品工业中持续地需要进一步改善提供给糖尿病个体或处于发展为2型糖尿病的风险中的个体的营养方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改善本领域状态和提供用于在个体、特别是糖尿病或糖尿病前期个体中改善餐后胰岛素和胰高血糖素特征的新的和更好的营养方案。
本发明的目的通过独立权利要求的主题得以实现。从属权利要求进一步发展了本发明的思想。
因此，在第一方面，本发明提供了用于在个体中治疗和/或预防与餐后血浆胰岛素和/或餐后血浆胰高血糖素浓度增加有关的病症的乳清蛋白胶束。
在另一方面，本发明涉及乳清蛋白胶束用于在个体、特别是健康个体中降低餐后血浆胰岛素和/或餐后血浆胰高血糖素浓度的非治疗用途。在另一方面，本发明涉及包含乳清蛋白胶束的液体替代餐。
“乳清蛋白胶束”在本文中如EP1839492A1中所述进行定义。特别地，“乳清蛋白胶束”是可通过如EP1839492A1中所公开的方法获得的乳清蛋白胶束浓缩物中所包含的胶束。其中，制备乳清蛋白胶束浓缩物的方法包括如下步骤：a)调节乳清蛋白水溶液的pH为3.0至8.0的值；b)使水溶液达到80至98℃的温度；和c)浓缩步骤b)中得到的分散液。由此，所产生的胶束具有极尖的粒径分布，使得所产生的胶束有多于80％具有直径小于1微米的粒径、优选粒径为100nm至900nm。“乳清蛋白胶束”可以是液体浓缩物或粉末形式。重要的是，在浓缩物、粉末中乳清蛋白的基本胶束结构被保留并且在例如水中由该粉末重构。“乳清蛋白胶束”在分散体中、作为粉末以及在喷雾干燥或冷冻干燥期间是物理稳定的。
“胰岛素”是胰腺的β-细胞响应于餐食而分泌的激素。胰岛素对于调剂体内碳水化合物和脂肪代谢而言是关键的。
高胰岛素生成营养物代表了对β细胞的长期刺激，这可以引起细胞的适应性肥大和渐进性失调，导致餐后血胰岛素增多。餐后血胰岛素增多可以促进体重增加、脂肪沉积和发展出胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、葡萄糖耐受不良和2型糖尿病(Kopp W.,Metabolism.2003年7月；52(7):840-844)。
“胰高血糖素”是胰腺的α-细胞响应于低血糖(例如在禁食状态期间)而分泌的激素。其也是响应于蛋白质餐食而分泌的。胰高血糖素通过增加的肝糖原分解和通过增加的乳酸盐、甘油或氨基酸的糖原异生来刺激肝脏葡萄糖生成。胰高血糖素刺激肝脏将葡萄糖释放到血液循环中。因此，胰高血糖素是调节全身葡萄糖的另一种重要激素。
现在发明人已经惊奇地发现：与作为等热量和等氮替代餐的一部分食用的乳清蛋白分离物(WPI)相比，乳清蛋白胶束显著地降低了餐后血浆胰岛素响应和餐后血浆胰高血糖素浓度。实施例部分公开了随机双盲交叉临床研究的结果。上述研究已经证实：就降低餐后脂血和降低代谢疾病和/或发展为2-型糖尿病的风险而言，WPI形式的乳清蛋白是最有效的。在此，发明人发现了通过提供乳清蛋白胶束形式的乳清蛋白用于预期健康益处的甚至更好的营养方案。因此，与WPI相比，通过提供乳清蛋白胶束可以降低餐后血浆胰岛素和/或胰高血糖素浓度作为对糖尿病和糖尿病前期个体的另一个益处。
虽然不希望受缚于理论，但是发明人认为：乳清蛋白胶束显示引起胃排空延迟，或者与乳清蛋白分离物(WPI)相比消化得更慢。因此，乳清蛋白胶束更慢地将氨基酸递送到周围血液循环中。与WPI和其它乳蛋白质相比，这种较低的氨基酸血伴随有胰岛素血和胰高血糖素血降低。
本发明涉及用于在个体中治疗和/或预防与餐后血浆胰岛素和/或餐后血浆胰高血糖素浓度增加有关的病症的乳清蛋白胶束，其中所述病症选自胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、葡萄糖耐受不良和2型糖尿病。
通常，餐后血胰岛素增多可促进发展为胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、葡萄糖耐受不良和2型糖尿病(Kopp W.,Metabolism.2003年7月；52(7):840-844)。在2型糖尿病患者中，胰高血糖素血浆水平通常始终地升高。也有证据表明：餐后胰高血糖素抑制的缺乏可引起2型糖尿病的餐后高血糖(Lefebvre P,1996,Handb Exp Pharmacol 123:115-131；Shah P等人,2005,Int Diabetes Monitor 17:3-10)。但是，降低餐食后的胰岛素需求一方面可降低2型糖尿病中的血糖控制的恶化，另一方面可降低易感个体发展为2型糖尿病的风险。因此，有利的是，乳清蛋白胶束用于治疗和/或预防胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、葡萄糖耐受不良和2型糖尿病。
在优选的实施方案中，乳清蛋白胶束用于糖尿病或糖尿病前期患者。“糖尿病前期患者”为显示出胰岛素抵抗或葡萄糖耐量降低并且对于在以后生活中发展为2-型糖尿病易感(例如由于家族史或遗传)的个体。因此，使用乳清蛋白胶束将在那些个体中降低胰岛素抵抗、代谢性综合征、葡萄糖耐受不良和2型糖尿病的风险和/或发展。
用于本发明的乳清蛋白胶束涉及作为人或动物的个体，优选猫或狗。2型糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗或葡萄糖耐受不良的流行主要在成年人中观察到。然而，越来越多的儿童也受到侵害或易感或处于在以后生活中发展这类疾病的风险中。因此，有利的是，这些病症的预防和/或治疗已经在年幼时开始。或者和与在人中观察到的类似，糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗和葡萄糖耐受不良在动物、特别是作为宠物动物饲养的动物中越来越普遍。因此，本发明优选还涉及猫和狗。
在优选的实施方案中，乳清蛋白胶束以至少20g干重、优选至少30g干重的日剂量施用于个体。那些剂量应当确保足以在至少中期中给个体提供预期效应的每日量。
用于本发明的乳清蛋白胶束作为正餐的一部分或者在正餐结束时提供。优选地，乳清蛋白胶束作为餐食的一部分或者在餐食结束时提供，以赋予它们与餐食一起组合地改善胰岛素和胰高血糖素餐后响应的益处。通过在餐食结束时直接提供乳清蛋白胶束、例如作为甜点的一部分提供乳清蛋白胶束可以预期改善的作用。因此，胰岛素响应的最大浓度以及血浆胰高血糖素和氨基酸的餐后分布可以进一步最优化。
用于本发明的乳清蛋白胶束可以以液体饮料、振摇饮料(shake drink)或液体替代餐的形式提供。与天然乳清蛋白分离物不同，乳清蛋白胶束的主要优点的一部分是其增加的水溶性。因此，可以制备包含与使用天然乳清蛋白分离物相比约两倍量的可溶性乳清蛋白的液体饮料或餐食替代物。这使得液体餐食替代物和替代餐系统具有显著的优点和独创性。
或者，乳清蛋白胶束以固体食物产品、例如作为棒、片、饼干或小球的形式提供。
本发明的另一方面是乳清蛋白胶束用于在个体、例如健康个体中降低餐后血浆胰岛素和/或餐后血浆胰高血糖素浓度的非治疗用途，其中个体为人或动物，优选猫或狗。
本发明的一个优点是乳清蛋白胶束也可以施用于个体如健康个体，所述个体可能处于在以后某个时间发展为2型糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗或葡萄糖耐受不良的风险中。实际上，如本文公开的乳清蛋白胶束给健康人和动物提供了在食用所述乳清蛋白胶束后降低的胰岛素和胰高血糖素血浆水平。该作用最有利于限制胰岛素需求和可能的胰腺衰竭，而同时提供了足够量的高质量蛋白质(即乳清)用于改善那些个体的一般健康状态。
本发明的另一方面是包含乳清蛋白胶束的液体替代餐，特别地，其中所述乳清蛋白胶束以基于所述替代餐的总干重计至少15wt％、优选至少20wt％的量存在。在优选的实施方案中，所述替代餐用于肠内营养。因此，有利的是，这类替代餐可以例如用于重症监护病房或医院，其中患者由于例如他们的创伤而是胰岛素抵抗的，但是需要高蛋白饮食用于恢复。因此，液体替代餐是非常方便的，以良好修改的配制物提供了所需量的蛋白质。“肠内营养”在此定义为通过放入鼻、胃或小肠的管供应食物或营养物的方式。肠内营养通常也称为管饲。
本领域技术人员将理解，他们可以自由地组合本文公开的本发明的所有特征。特别地，可以将针对乳清蛋白胶束的治疗用途所述的特征与替代餐产品的非治疗用途组合，反之亦然。而且，可以将针对本发明的不同实施方案所述的特征进行组合。本发明的其它优点和特征从附图和实施例中显而易见。
附图说明
图1：人的摄入包含WPM和WPI的替代餐后的胰岛素血浆浓度
图2：人的摄入包含WPM和WPI的替代餐后的胰高血糖素血浆浓度
图3：人的摄入包含WPM和WPI的替代餐后的必需氨基酸血浆浓度
具体实施方式
实施例
发明人发现：作为健康成年男性的替代餐的一部分时，乳清蛋白胶束(WPM)与乳清蛋白分离物(WPI)相比降低了胰岛素的餐后响应。在23名健康男性中进行随机双盲交叉研究。他们在午餐时摄入测试餐食，相隔一周洗脱期。将导管插入志愿者的手臂，用于收集餐后3小时动脉化血。将来自血样的血浆用于分析激素(胰岛素、c-肽和胰高血糖素)、葡萄糖和氨基酸。
2个测试替代餐是等热量和等氮的。它们由测试蛋白质(30g,7.2％w/w)、脂质(11.7g,2.8％w/w)、碳水化合物(42.7g,10.2％w/w)和纤维(6.3g,1.5％w/w)组成。测试蛋白质是：(1)WPI、即乳清蛋白分离物；和(2)WPM、即乳清蛋白胶束。将替代餐用水加至420mL，含有388kcal作为能量摄入。
结果显示：与WPI替代餐相比，摄入WPM后胰岛素响应的Cmax(最大浓度)显著降低(P＝0.015)。图1显示了摄入替代餐后的平均餐后胰岛素响应。与WPI餐食相比，WPM餐食后的餐后胰高血糖素响应随时间推移的发展得到改善(图2)。令人惊奇的是：与其它蛋白质餐食相反，在摄入餐食后30分钟时，WPM替代餐引起了最低的血浆氨基酸浓度(图3)。WPM显示出最低的必需氨基酸在全身血液循环中增加的速率。这些最低的血浆氨基酸可能参与降低WPM在30分钟(胰岛素Cmax的时间)的血浆胰岛素和胰高血糖素响应。
该研究显示了在健康男性中WPM与WPI相比的降低血浆胰岛素和胰高血糖素的优点。
Claims (13)
1.用于用途的乳清蛋白胶束，所述用途用于在个体中治疗和/或预防与餐后血浆胰岛素和/或餐后血浆胰高血糖素浓度增加有关的病症。
2.根据权利要求1的用于用途的乳清蛋白胶束，其中所述病症选自胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、葡萄糖耐受不良和2型糖尿病。
3.根据前述权利要求之一的用于用途的乳清蛋白胶束，其中所述个体是糖尿病或糖尿病前期患者。
4.根据前述权利要求之一的用于用途的乳清蛋白胶束，其中所述个体为人或动物，优选猫或狗。
5.根据前述权利要求之一的用于用途的乳清蛋白胶束，其中所述乳清蛋白胶束以至少20g干重、优选至少30g干重的日剂量提供给个体。
6.根据前述权利要求之一的用于用途的乳清蛋白胶束，其中所述乳清蛋白胶束作为正餐的一部分或在正餐结束时提供。
7.根据前述权利要求之一的用于用途的乳清蛋白，其中所述乳清蛋白胶束以液体饮料、振摇饮料或液体替代餐的形式提供。
8.根据权利要求1至6之一的用于用途的乳清蛋白胶束，其中所述乳清蛋白胶束以固体食物产品、例如作为棒、片、饼干或小球的形式提供。
9.乳清蛋白胶束用于在个体中降低餐后血浆胰岛素和/或餐后血浆胰高血糖素浓度的非治疗用途。
10.根据权利要求9的非治疗用途，其中所述个体为人或动物，优选猫或狗。
11.包含乳清蛋白胶束的液体替代餐。
12.权利要求11的替代餐，其中所述乳清蛋白胶束以基于总干重计至少15wt％、优选至少20wt％的量存在。
13.权利要求11或12的替代餐，用于肠内营养。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11186144.9 | 2011-10-21 | ||
| EP11186144.9A EP2583564A1 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Use of whey protein micelles for improving insulin profile in diabetic patients |
| CN201280051704.0A CN103906439A (zh) | 2011-10-21 | 2012-10-19 | 乳清蛋白胶束用于改善糖尿病患者的胰岛素特征的用途 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201280051704.0A Division CN103906439A (zh) | 2011-10-21 | 2012-10-19 | 乳清蛋白胶束用于改善糖尿病患者的胰岛素特征的用途 |
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| CN110124016A true CN110124016A (zh) | 2019-08-16 |
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| CN201910203028.8A Pending CN110124016A (zh) | 2011-10-21 | 2012-10-19 | 乳清蛋白胶束用于改善糖尿病患者的胰岛素特征的用途 |
| CN201280051704.0A Pending CN103906439A (zh) | 2011-10-21 | 2012-10-19 | 乳清蛋白胶束用于改善糖尿病患者的胰岛素特征的用途 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201280051704.0A Pending CN103906439A (zh) | 2011-10-21 | 2012-10-19 | 乳清蛋白胶束用于改善糖尿病患者的胰岛素特征的用途 |
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| US (2) | US12245614B2 (zh) |
| EP (2) | EP2583564A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP6122022B2 (zh) |
| CN (2) | CN110124016A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2012324886B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR112014009414B1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2853168C (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK2768323T3 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2635541T3 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2013057232A1 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2583563A1 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-04-24 | Nestec S.A. | Whey protein micelles against muscle atrophy and sarcopenia |
| JP6760931B2 (ja) | 2014-11-19 | 2020-09-23 | ソシエテ・デ・プロデュイ・ネスレ・エス・アー | インスリン特性を改善するためのホエイタンパク質ミセル及び多糖類の使用 |
| AU2020293484A1 (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-11-04 | Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. | Use of whey protein micelles for controlling postprandial glucose response |
| EP4539863A1 (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2025-04-23 | Arla Foods amba | Agglomerates of soluble whey protein aggregates and medical uses thereof |
Citations (2)
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| CN1835760A (zh) * | 2003-06-30 | 2006-09-20 | 雀巢技术公司 | 用于治疗和/或预防与2型糖尿病有关的功能障碍的组合物 |
| WO2010043415A2 (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-22 | Nestec S.A. Ashby, Kevin | Whey protein compositions, methods and uses |
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| JPS5940137B2 (ja) | 1976-10-14 | 1984-09-28 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | 経口投与用医薬組成物 |
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| NL1005037C2 (nl) * | 1997-01-17 | 1998-07-20 | Nl Zuivelonderzoek Inst | Werkwijze voor het selectief afbreken van melkeiwit, in het bijzonder voor het selectief hydrolyseren van caseïne/caseïnaat in aanwezigheid van andere melkeiwitten, in het bijzonder wei-eiwitten. |
| DE19906379B4 (de) * | 1999-02-16 | 2006-05-18 | Huss, Manfred | Herstellung eines aggregierten Molkenproteinprodukts |
| US20020150649A1 (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-10-17 | Bell Stacey J. | Nutritional supplement for pediatric obesity |
| GB0218932D0 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2002-09-25 | Zoolife Internat Ltd | Composition for dietary enrichment |
| CA2507764A1 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2004-07-08 | Unilever Plc | Blood glucose regulating composition |
| KR101268206B1 (ko) * | 2004-08-09 | 2013-05-27 | 엔지모테크 리미티드 | 당뇨병용 식품 |
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| SG183902A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2012-11-29 | Nestec Sa | Compositions for masking the flavor of nutrients and methods for making same |
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2011
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2012
- 2012-10-19 CA CA2853168A patent/CA2853168C/en active Active
- 2012-10-19 JP JP2014536246A patent/JP6122022B2/ja active Active
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- 2012-10-19 BR BR112014009414-4A patent/BR112014009414B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2012-10-19 EP EP12778093.0A patent/EP2768323B1/en active Active
- 2012-10-19 WO PCT/EP2012/070717 patent/WO2013057232A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112014009414A2 (pt) | 2017-04-18 |
| US20140255544A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
| CA2853168C (en) | 2021-03-16 |
| BR112014009414B1 (pt) | 2020-02-27 |
| CN103906439A (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
| EP2583564A1 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
| US20240423236A1 (en) | 2024-12-26 |
| EP2768323B1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
| ES2635541T3 (es) | 2017-10-04 |
| EP2768323A1 (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| CA2853168A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
| AU2012324886B2 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
| JP6122022B2 (ja) | 2017-04-26 |
| US12245614B2 (en) | 2025-03-11 |
| JP2014534204A (ja) | 2014-12-18 |
| AU2012324886A1 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
| WO2013057232A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
| DK2768323T3 (en) | 2017-07-17 |
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