CN110122021A - One cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method - Google Patents
One cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122021A CN110122021A CN201910407297.6A CN201910407297A CN110122021A CN 110122021 A CN110122021 A CN 110122021A CN 201910407297 A CN201910407297 A CN 201910407297A CN 110122021 A CN110122021 A CN 110122021A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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Abstract
The invention discloses one cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method, the following steps are included: combining site preparation bottom application before (1) peanut seeding, 60-100 kilograms of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of high concentration balanced type complexing humic acid is used per acre, applies 40-80 kilograms of organic fertilizer of amino acid high calcium again per acre；(2) peanut seedling stage respectively sprays 2-3 fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer on blade face, is divided into 5-7 days between often spraying twice in the fulvic acid of foliage-spray 1-2 times micro-element liquid fertilizer, flowering stage, full-bloom stage, spray every time be subject to spray it is even.Bottom application fertilizer of the present invention can more preferably play the effect of prevention and control peanut continuous cropping obstacle and the characteristic of humic acid fertilizer, and soil ecology function is optimized and improved；The compounding application of bottom application fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, per mu yield has reached 650-900 kilograms, and reduction top dressing number realizes cost-saving synergistic even without top dressing, while reducing the environmental threat of the unreasonable application of chemical fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation more particularly to one cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilising side
Method.
Background technique
Peanut is the crop of long seedling geocarpic on the ground.It is few with fertilizer since investment level is low before the 1990s,
Peanut per mu yield only has 300-400 jins, until today, most of peanut per mu yield are hovered always in 500-800 after the nineties
Jin, it is horizontal in low yield.Peanut is originally high-yield crop and actual production is in there are three the basic reasons of low yield level: first is that number
Peanut per mu yield is constantly in hundreds of jin of low yield level over 10 years, oneself is mistaken as low-yielding crop and treats, and throws fertilizer and is in low water
It is flat；Second is that peanut avoids continuous cropping, necessarily there is the serious continuous cropping obstacle of low output, poor quality, disease, also continuous cropping is made to ask in continuous cropping plantation
Topic, through studying, the basic reason of continuous cropping obstacle is that continuous cropping plantation germ accumulation, certainly poison accumulation, battalion will necessarily occur in various degree
Imbalance is supported, and peanut main producing region is nearly all continuous cropping plantation, and without effective prevention and control continuous cropping obstacle；Third is that it is not scientific to apply phosphate fertilizer,
Singly apply inorganic fertilizer, soil lacks organic matter, and peanut nodule fixed nitrogen advantage does not give full play to, while it is few, shallow and late to apply phosphate fertilizer, no
Calcareous fertilisers etc. are applied, the habit of peanut happiness phosphorus happiness calcium is not met.Change peanut low yield situation, it is necessary in the same of prevention and control continuous cropping obstacle
When, improve Fertilization Level and technology.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: provide one cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method, thus prevention and control peanut weight
Stubble obstacle, meets the needs of peanut high yield is to organic matter, phosphorus, calcium, improves nitrogen-fixing rhizobia life condition, guarantees peanut continuous cropping kind
The substance supply for planting good quality and high output, shows the characteristic of peanut high-yield crop.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
One cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method, comprising the following steps:
(1) site preparation bottom application is combined before peanut seeding, uses high concentration balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer per acre
60-100 kilograms, meanwhile, it applies 40-80 kilograms of organic fertilizer of amino acid high calcium again per acre, the high concentration balanced type corruption is planted
Acid complexing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and amino acid high calcium organic fertilizer individually spread fertilizer over the fields or mix and spread fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface, plough after spreading fertilizer over the fields uniformly
Soil；
(2) peanut seedling stage, flowering stage, full-bloom stage were each on blade face in 1-2 fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer of foliage-spray
Spray 2-3 fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer, per being divided into 5-7 days between spraying twice, spray every time be subject to spray it is even.
As a preferred mode, it the effective component of the high concentration balanced type humic acid content compound fertilizer and accounts for
The weight percent of fertilizer are as follows: humic acid content is 13.5-15%, and content of organic matter 20-25%, inanimate matter content is 40-
45%.
As a preferred mode, the effective component of the inanimate matter and the weight percent of fertilizer is accounted for are as follows: nitrogen nutrient
Content is 13.5-15%, phosphorus nutrient content is 13.5-15%, potassium nutrition content is 13.5-15%.
As a preferred mode, the nitrogen nutrient is taken from urea, and the phosphorus nutrient is derived from phosphorus pentoxide or phosphorus
Acid dihydride calcium, the potassium nutrition are derived from potassium oxide or potassium sulfate.
As a preferred mode, the effective component of the amino acid high calcium organic fertilizer and the weight percent of fertilizer is accounted for
Are as follows: amino acid content 8-10%, effective calcium (CaO) content are 15-20%, nitrogen nutrient >=5%, organic matter >=45%.
As a preferred mode, the fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer effective component and content: fulvic acid content
For >=120g/L, trace element zinc, iron, boron, molybdenum content be respectively 20g/L, 30g/L, 20g/L, 1g/L.
As a preferred mode, the fulvic acid is biochemical fulvic acid.
As a preferred mode, the humic acid is mineral resources humic acid, that is, contains calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron
The combined acid that microelement combines in.
As a preferred mode, the high concentration balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and amino acid are high
Calcium organic fertilizer is granular fertilizer.
As a preferred mode, before spraying Liquid Fertilizer, the fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer is diluted with water
100-150 times, wherein seedling stage dilutes 150 times, and flowering stage, full-bloom stage dilute 100 times.
By the effective prevention and control peanut continuous cropping obstacle of the method applied fertilizer using high yield fertilizer of the present invention, realize that peanut is high-quality
The principle of high yield is as follows:
L. 100 kilograms of peanuts of every production need 7 kilograms of nitrogen nutrient, P2051.3 kilograms of nutrient, k24 kilograms of O nutrient, effective calcium
(CaO) 3.8 kilograms；It is demonstrated experimentally that nitrogenous fertilizer needed for peanut, under soil organism guaranteed conditions, 60-70% derives from itself root
The fixed nitrogen of tumor bacterium；The a large amount of parasitic obvious nitrogen fixation of formation of peanut rhizobium are that the flowering stage after group starts, fresh branches and leaves of peanut seedling
It multiplies required nitrogenous fertilizer with rhizobium needed for phase itself and depends on bottom application fertilizer.
2. the first business of prevention and control continuous cropping obstacle is the scarce nutrient of supplement crop institute, swashs and give birth to beneficial bacteria, harmful bacteria is killed in suppression, improves
Crop anti-adversity irritates the prosperous hair of crop root and pricks deeply, conversion or decrease poison harm certainly；Followed by improve soil, culture fertility, battalion
The affected good growing environment of object, meets regulation of fertilizer requirement, and the nutrition of abundance needed for providing good quality and high output simultaneously guarantees to continue balanced supply
It answers.It is demonstrated experimentally that prevention and control continuous cropping obstacle is a systematic engineering of business, a large amount of humic acid, organic matter and middle microelement ginseng are needed
With, and by humic acid, organic matter be effectively complexed with big, middle and trace element together with realize that good quality and high output is more energy efficient.
3. humic acid content and when close each nutrient average content of N P and K in humic acid fertilizer, humic acid occurs with it
Complex protection is more efficient, and bottom application effect of fertilizer is more preferable, increases dosage and is not likely to produce fertilizer damage, and N P and K utilization rate is up to 70%
More than；Calcium and complexing humic acid stability are high, are unfavorable for the release of calcium and the activation plays of humic acid, when calcium is in conjunction with amino acid
When, amino acid content reach the active calcium ion content 50% and its it is above when, calcium activity and utilization rate it is relatively high.
4. being containing in calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron etc. with the total humic acid of GB/T 11957-2001 standard detection
The combined acid that microelement combines, and total humic acid content is higher, and the middle microelement contained is also more.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the high concentration balanced type humic acid of bottom application fertilizer of the present invention, complexing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, humic acid content
It is very high, it is 13.5-15%, the complex protection for occurring that humic acid with N P and K is more efficient, and bottom application effect is more preferable, increases dosage not
Be also easy to produce fertilizer damage, finally make N P and K utilization rate up to 70% or more, can more preferably play prevention and control peanut continuous cropping obstacle effect and
The characteristic of humic acid fertilizer；
2. the present invention works as humic acid content in the material that applies fertilizer and reaches 13.5%, amino acid reaches 8% or more, and organic matter reaches
20% or more, while mu dosage reaches 100 kilograms or more, it is reasonable that SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN ratio tends to, and soil texture is effectively improved,
Soil beneficial microbe will be multiplied, and soil-borne disease is effectively suppressed, and soil ecology function is optimized and improved, and make
Object well developed root system, resistance improve, robust growth, and soil-borne disease and general disease seldom occur, and continuous cropping obstacle obtains effectively
Prevention and control, crop yield and quality increase substantially；
3. containing amino acid in high calcium organic fertilizer of the present invention, the activity and utilization rate of calcium are improved, the activity of humic acid is enhanced
It plays；
4. the present invention is rotten by high concentration balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, amino acid high calcium organic fertilizer and Huang
Sour microelement liquid fertilizer compounding application meets the needs of peanut high yield is to organic matter, phosphorus, calcium, improves nitrogen-fixing rhizobia existence item
Part can make continuous cropping peanut yield reach 650-900 kilograms.While realizing high yield, reduce top dressing number even without
Top dressing, to reduce fertilizer amount, watering, laxative number and fertilising recruitment reduce 70% or more, increase dosage and are not likely to produce
Fertilizer damage realizes the purpose of simplified farming operations, realizes cost-saving synergistic, while reducing the environment prestige of the unreasonable application of chemical fertilizer
The side of body, increases income for grain farmer and provides guarantee with agricultural sustainable development.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Embodiment 1
Under the premise of pesticide dresses seed prevention and treatment subterranean pest-insect, 100 kilograms of high concentration balanced type complexing humic acids are used per acre
Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and 40 kilograms of amino acid high calcium organic fertilizers are spread fertilizer over the fields after mixing in earth's surface, and peanut seedling stage is in foliage-spray
1 fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer, interval respectively sprayed 2 fulvic acid micro-element liquids on blade face in flowering stage after 5 days
Fertilizer, then between be divided into 5 days, in full-bloom stage in the fulvic acid of foliage-spray 2 times micro-element liquids fertilizer, spray every time be subject to spray it is even；
Without top dressing, no watering sprays a pesticide.The technical indicator difference of bottom application fertilizer used is as follows:
High concentration balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer technical indicator: humic acid content is 13.5%；It is organic
Matter content is 20%；N P and K total content is 40%, wherein N, P2O5、K2The content of O is respectively 13.5%.
Amino acid high calcium organic fertilizer technique index: amino acid content 8%, effective calcium (CaO) content are 15%, nitrogen nutrient
Content is 5%, the content of organic matter 45%.
High concentration balanced type humic acid, the complexing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of bottom application fertilizer of the present invention, humic acid content is very
Height is that 13.5-15% can more preferably play prevention and control peanut continuous cropping on the basis of guaranteeing with its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition complex protection
The effect of obstacle and the characteristic of humic acid fertilizer, 671 kilograms of yield peanut fruit per acre, and soil texture is effectively improved, soil
Ecological functions are optimized and are improved；The compounding application of bottom application fertilizer and foliar fertilizer reduces top dressing while realizing high yield
Number is even without top dressing, to reduce fertilizer amount, watering, laxative number and fertilising recruitment reduce 70% or more, increases
Dosage is not likely to produce fertilizer damage, realizes the purpose of simplified farming operations, realizes cost-saving synergistic, while reducing that chemical fertilizer is unreasonable to be applied
Environmental threat increases income for grain farmer and provides guarantee with agricultural sustainable development.
Embodiment 2
Under the premise of pesticide dresses seed prevention and treatment subterranean pest-insect, had per acre using 80 kilograms of high concentration balanced type complexing humic acids
Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and 60 kilograms of amino acid high calcium organic fertilizers are spread fertilizer over the fields after mixing in earth's surface, and peanut seedling stage is in foliage-spray
1 fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer, interval respectively sprayed 2 fulvic acid micro-element liquids on blade face in flowering stage after 7 days
Fertilizer, then between be divided into 7 days, in full-bloom stage in the fulvic acid of foliage-spray 2 times micro-element liquids fertilizer, spray every time be subject to spray it is even；
Without top dressing, no watering sprays a pesticide.The technical indicator difference of bottom application fertilizer used is as follows:
High concentration balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer technical indicator: humic acid content is 15%；Organic matter
Content is 25%；N P and K total content is 45%, wherein N, P2O5、K2The content of O is respectively 15%.
Amino acid high calcium organic fertilizer technique index: amino acid content 10%, effective calcium (CaO) content are 20%, and nitrogen is supported
Dividing content is 5%, the content of organic matter 45%.
High concentration balanced type humic acid, the complexing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of bottom application fertilizer of the present invention, humic acid content is very
Height is that 13.5-15% can more preferably play prevention and control peanut continuous cropping on the basis of guaranteeing with its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition complex protection
The effect of obstacle and the characteristic of humic acid fertilizer, 746 kilograms of yield peanut fruit per acre, and soil texture is effectively improved, soil
Ecological functions are optimized and are improved；The compounding application of bottom application fertilizer and foliar fertilizer reduces top dressing while realizing high yield
Number is even without top dressing, to reduce fertilizer amount, watering, laxative number and fertilising recruitment reduce 70% or more, increases
Dosage is not likely to produce fertilizer damage, realizes the purpose of simplified farming operations, realizes cost-saving synergistic, while reducing that chemical fertilizer is unreasonable to be applied
Environmental threat increases income for grain farmer and provides guarantee with agricultural sustainable development.
Embodiment 3
Under the premise of pesticide dresses seed prevention and treatment subterranean pest-insect, 100 kilograms of high concentration balanced type complexing humic acids are used per acre
There are compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and 80 kilograms of amino acid high calcium organic fertilizers to be spread fertilizer over the fields after mixing in earth's surface, peanut seedling stage sprays on blade face
1 fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer is applied, interval respectively sprayed 2 fulvic acid micro-element liquids on blade face in flowering stage after 7 days
Fertilizer, then between be divided into 7 days, in full-bloom stage in the fulvic acid of foliage-spray 2 times micro-element liquids fertilizer, spray every time be subject to spray it is even；
Without top dressing, no watering, no laxative；Spray a pesticide.The technical indicator difference of bottom application fertilizer used is as follows:
High concentration balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer technical indicator: humic acid content is 15%；Organic matter
Content is 25%；N P and K total content is 45%, wherein N, P2O5、K2The content of O is respectively 15%.
Amino acid high calcium organic fertilizer technique index: amino acid content 10%, effective calcium (CaO) content are 20%, and nitrogen is supported
Dividing content is 5%, the content of organic matter 45%.
High concentration balanced type humic acid, the complexing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of bottom application fertilizer of the present invention, humic acid content is very
Height is that 13.5-15% can more preferably play prevention and control peanut continuous cropping on the basis of guaranteeing with its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition complex protection
The effect of obstacle and the characteristic of humic acid fertilizer, 877 kilograms of yield peanut fruit per acre, and soil texture is effectively improved, soil
Ecological functions are optimized and are improved；The compounding application of bottom application fertilizer and foliar fertilizer reduces top dressing while realizing high yield
Number is even without top dressing, to reduce fertilizer amount, watering, laxative number and fertilising recruitment reduce 70% or more, increases
Dosage is not likely to produce fertilizer damage, realizes the purpose of simplified farming operations, realizes cost-saving synergistic, while reducing that chemical fertilizer is unreasonable to be applied
Environmental threat increases income for grain farmer and provides guarantee with agricultural sustainable development.
Comparative experiments:
Control experiment background:
1, this experiment in April, 2018-September Henan Province, the town Yao Jia, Zhongmou County implement；
2, peanut varieties are out agriculture 171, sow April 22, harvest within September 6th.
1 conventional fertilization method of table and the embodiment fertilizing method table of comparisons
It can be seen that fertilizing method of the invention can greatly improve peanut yield, embodiment 1 is than control volume increase
23.8%, embodiment 2 is than control volume increase 37.6%, and embodiment 3 is than control volume increase 45.2%, while realizing high yield, reduces
Top dressing number, watering and pesticide number reduce cost of labor and save labor to reduce fertilizer amount and pollution by pesticides
Fatigue resistance realizes cost-saving synergistic, and control field soil-borne disease is more serious, and experimental field is almost without illness.
Claims (9)
1. continuous cropping of cultivating peanut plants good quality and high output fertilizing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) site preparation bottom application is combined before peanut seeding, uses high concentration balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer 60- per acre
100 kilograms, meanwhile, 40-80 kilograms of organic fertilizer of amino acid high calcium is applied again per acre, by the high concentration balanced type humic acid network
It closes compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and amino acid high calcium organic fertilizer individually spreads fertilizer over the fields or mixes and spreads fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface, plough soil after spreading fertilizer over the fields uniformly
Ground；
(2) peanut seedling stage, flowering stage, full-bloom stage respectively sprayed on blade face in 1-2 fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer of foliage-spray
2-3 fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer, per being divided into 5-7 days between spraying twice, spray every time be subject to spray it is even.
2. according to claim 1 one cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method, which is characterized in that it is described highly concentrated
Spend the effective component of balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer in terms of nutrient content: humic acid content is 13.5-15%,
The content of organic matter is 20-25%, and N P and K total content is 40-45%.
3. according to claim 2 one cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method, which is characterized in that the nitrogen phosphorus
The effective component of potassium and the weight percent for accounting for fertilizer are as follows: nitrogen nutrient content is 13.5-15%, phosphorus nutrient content is 13.5-
15%, potassium nutrition content is 13.5-15%.
4. according to claim 3 one cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method, which is characterized in that the nitrogen support
Divide and be taken from urea, the phosphorus nutrient is derived from phosphorus pentoxide or calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and the potassium nutrition is derived from potassium oxide or sulfuric acid
Potassium.
5. according to claim 1 one cultivates peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizer, which is characterized in that the amino acid is high
The effective component of calcium organic fertilizer is in terms of nutrient content: amino acid content 8-10%, and effective calcium (CaO) content is 15-20%,
Nitrogen nutrient >=5%, organic matter >=45%.
6. according to claim 1 one cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizer, which is characterized in that the fulvic acid is micro-
The effective component and content of secondary element Liquid Fertilizer: fulvic acid content is >=120g/L, the content point of trace element zinc, iron, boron, molybdenum
It Wei not 20g/L, 30g/L, 20g/L, 1g/L.
7. according to claim 6 one cultivates peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizer, which is characterized in that the fulvic acid is
Biochemical fulvic acid.
8. according to claim 2 one cultivates peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizer, which is characterized in that the humic acid is
Mineral resources humic acid, i.e., the combined acid combined containing microelement in calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron etc..
9. according to claim 1 one cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizer fertilizing method, which is characterized in that spray
Before applying fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer, the fulvic acid micro-element liquid fertilizer is diluted with water 100-150 times, wherein seedling stage
150 times of dilution, flowering stage, full-bloom stage dilute 100 times.
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| CN201910407297.6A CN110122021A (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | One cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method |
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| CN201910407297.6A CN110122021A (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | One cultivate peanut continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method |
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Family
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113307688A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-08-27 | 山东万物新农业科技有限公司 | Production and application method of spray fertilizer for increasing yield, improving quality and increasing efficiency by saving chemical fertilizer and pesticide for crops by 50% and 30% |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113307688A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-08-27 | 山东万物新农业科技有限公司 | Production and application method of spray fertilizer for increasing yield, improving quality and increasing efficiency by saving chemical fertilizer and pesticide for crops by 50% and 30% |
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