CN110075433B - Speed-control falling protector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a speed control fall arrester, which is characterized in that a rope winding wheel assembly, a ratchet wheel, a speed increasing gear set and a speed control mechanism driven by a carrying wire rope are fixed between three fixed plates through a main shaft, and the upper fixed plate A rope winding wheel assembly and a ratchet wheel are fixed between the middle partition plate and the main shaft, and a plurality of pawls and a centrifugal block for releasing the pawls are fixed on the rope winding wheel. A speed-increasing gear set and a speed-controlling mechanism are fixed in the room, which are used to control the deceleration of the high-rise fire rescue cabin, and at the same time, it can be used as a new type of machinery for the anti-fall protection of the high-rise elevator.

Description

Speed-control falling protector

(I) technical field

The invention relates to a novel machine

(II) background of the invention

In the prior art, the speed control of a descending object is completed by controlling a winch driven by electric power, such as an elevator, a mine car, a port and wharf lifting goods and materials, and a tourist attraction conveying personnel rail cable car. However, in two major products of fire rescue capsules and elevator anti-falling protection in buildings, no special speed control and anti-falling machinery is available at present, so that the high-rise fire rescue capsule without electric drive still adopts electromagnetic damping or hydraulic damping machinery to complete slow falling, the two kinds of machinery always have potential safety hazards and are unreliable, the out-of-control protection of the elevator in the building is always used for anti-falling protection by means of cyanosis before 150 years, and because the technology is old and unreliable, after the elevator correcting box is clamped sometimes, the elevator correcting box suddenly falls, 2 accidents occur, or the elevator correcting box cannot be clamped at all, and the anti-falling function is not available.

The invention aims to design a novel machine which has a speed control function and an anti-falling function and does not use electric power, is used for controlling the speed reduction of a high-rise fire rescue capsule and can be used for anti-falling protection of a high-rise elevator.

Disclosure of the invention

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme, which is characterized in that: a rope winding wheel assembly driven by a bearing steel wire rope, a ratchet wheel, an acceleration gear set and a speed control mechanism are fixed among three fixing plates through a main shaft, the rope winding wheel assembly and the ratchet wheel are fixed between an upper fixing plate and a middle clapboard and are sleeved on the main shaft, the ratchet wheel is tightly connected with the main shaft through a square key and is used for unidirectional transmission, a plurality of pawls and centrifugal blocks used for releasing the pawls are fixed on the rope winding wheel to form an assembly, the acceleration gear set and the speed control mechanism are fixed between the middle clapboard and a lower bottom plate, a first-stage driving wheel of the gear set is fastened with the main shaft, an escape wheel in the speed control mechanism is tightly fixed with a second-stage driven gear into a whole, the middle of the gear is provided with a hole, and the gear is sleeved below the main shaft. The fixing plates are fixed through a plurality of stand columns, three pulleys are sleeved on three limiting stand columns of the upper fixing plate and the middle partition plate at the inlet and the outlet of the steel wire rope and used for ensuring that the steel wire rope is clamped into a rope winding wheel groove and cannot be bounced open, the speed control mechanism arranged between the middle partition plate and the lower fixing plate comprises an escape wheel and a plurality of swinging bodies, triangular wheel teeth on the escape wheel can be selected according to six to ten teeth number, meanwhile, the swinging bodies can be selected according to two to four selected so as to adjust the number according to the speed control requirement, two roller shafts and two rollers are arranged on the swinging bodies and two impact points of the escape wheel, and the friction of the speed control mechanism during working can be reduced.

When the speed control safety catcher is used for a fire escape capsule, one end of a bearing steel wire rope of the escape capsule is fastened with the escape capsule, the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with a balance weight after being embedded into a rope winding wheel groove, a pawl is clamped into a ratchet wheel at the moment, the ratchet wheel tightly connected with a shaft does not rotate when the escape capsule ascends, a rope winding wheel assembly sleeved on a main shaft idles, and the pawl does not push the ratchet wheel; when the rescue capsule descends, the pawl on the rope winding wheel assembly is clamped into the ratchet of the ratchet wheel to drive the main shaft to rotate, the large gear fastened with the main shaft is driven to rotate to push the gear train to rotate at an accelerated speed, the escape wheel of the speed control mechanism is driven to rotate at a high speed, the gear teeth impact the roller wheel to enable the oscillating body to oscillate back and forth, the rotating speed of the escape wheel sleeved on the main shaft is controlled to rotate only in a constant mode, and therefore the rope winding wheel assembly is controlled to rotate at a uniform speed, and the aim of controlling the rescue capsule to descend at a uniform speed is achieved.

When the speed control falling protector is used for preventing falling of a building elevator, one end of a steel wire rope on a rope winding wheel assembly is tightly connected with an elevator straightening box through a pulley, the other end of the steel wire rope is also connected with an elevator counterweight through the pulley, a plurality of pawls fixed on the rope winding wheel assembly are separated from a ratchet wheel at the moment, hook heads at the tail ends of the pawls are propped against the tail end of a centrifugal counterweight and cannot be meshed with the ratchet wheel, when the elevator works normally, the rope winding wheel assembly rotates clockwise and anticlockwise and only idles, a main shaft does not rotate, an accelerating gear set does not rotate, a speed control mechanism does not work, when the elevator falls out of control, the steel wire rope fastened with the elevator pulls the rope winding wheel assembly to rotate at a high speed, the counterweight releases the pawls under the action of centrifugal force, the pawls are meshed with the ratchet wheel under the pulling force of a spring, the accelerating gear set is driven to rotate, the speed control mechanism is driven to rotate, the purpose of controlling the falling speed of the elevator box is achieved, and the elevator straightening box slowly falls to a bottom building at a constant speed, the function of anti-falling protection is achieved.

(IV) description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a speed control safety brake of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural view of a rope winding wheel assembly of the speed control falling protector.

(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments

FIG. 1 shows a speed-control anti-falling device, which comprises a rope-winding wheel assembly, a ratchet wheel (8) and an acceleration gear set, wherein a speed-control mechanism is fixed among three fixing plates through a main shaft (7) and shaft sleeves (6), (25) and (22) of the main shaft, the rope-winding wheel assembly and the ratchet wheel (8) are fixed between an upper fixing plate (12) and a middle partition plate (31), the speed-control mechanism is sleeved at the upper end of the main shaft (7), the ratchet wheel is connected with the main shaft through a square key and can only rotate together, a chute for embedding a steel rope is formed in the axial surface of a rope-winding wheel (34), a plurality of pawl shafts (10) are fixed above the end surface of the wheel, pawls (9) are sleeved on the shaft, a gasket snap spring (11) is arranged at the upper end of the shaft to prevent the pawls from moving axially, the pawls can rotate under the action of a tension spring (3) to ensure that the pawls are meshed with the ratchet wheel (8), a fixed column (2) of the tension spring (3) is fastened on the rope-winding wheel, a rotatable centrifugal block (5) is also fixed at the rear part of the pawls through a rotating shaft (4) fastened on the rope-winding wheel, the tail end of the ratchet can be clamped into a hook-shaped head at the tail end of the pawl to enable the pawl to be disengaged from a ratchet wheel, all parts fixed on a rope winding wheel and the rope winding wheel form a rope winding wheel assembly, a speed increasing gear set and a speed control mechanism are fixed between a middle partition plate (31) and a lower bottom plate (27), a first-stage driving wheel (20) of the gear set is fastened with a main shaft (7), a square key (21) is embedded between the first-stage driving wheel and the main shaft (7) to enable the two parts not to rotate relatively, a driven wheel (29) and a second-stage driving wheel (28) are fastened into a whole to form a combined gear and are fixed between the middle partition plate and the lower bottom plate (27) through two shaft sleeves (32), a second-stage driven gear (23) and an escape wheel (24) in the speed control mechanism are fastened into a whole, the combined gear is sleeved below the main shaft (7) through a hole in the middle of the gear (23), two to four swinging bodies (17) surrounding the periphery of the escape wheel are arranged, and are fixed through a rotating shaft (16) of the swinging bodies, and the shaft sleeve is fixed between the middle clapboard and the lower bottom plate, two idler wheels (18) and a shaft (19) are arranged on the oscillating body (17), when the speed control mechanism works, the triangular wheel teeth on the escapement wheel push the first idler wheel on the oscillating body and then push the second idler wheel, so that the oscillating body oscillates back and forth, the rotating speed of the escapement wheel is controlled, and the purpose of controlling the rotating speed of the rope winding wheel component is achieved, if the number of the oscillating body and the tooth number of the escapement wheel are changed, the slow descending speed of the rescue capsule can be changed, and the upper fixing plate, the middle clapboard and the lower bottom plate are fixed through nuts (1) and (26) by a plurality of upright columns (30) and (33) and limiting upright columns (13). Three limiting upright columns (13) are sleeved with three pulleys (15) and limiting pipes (14) and used for clamping the bearing steel wire rope into a rope winding wheel groove so as not to pop out.

Fig. 2 shows a rope winding wheel assembly structure of a speed controller, a ratchet wheel (8), a pawl (9), a pawl shaft (10), a washer snap spring (11), a tension spring (3), a fixing column (2) of the tension spring, a centrifugal block (5) and a rotating shaft (4) of the centrifugal block, wherein the tension spring (3) is used for enabling the pawl to rotate anticlockwise so that the pawl is reliably meshed with the ratchet wheel, the tail end of one centrifugal block (5) in the figure is clamped into a hook-shaped head at the tail end of the pawl so that the pawl is disengaged from the ratchet wheel in a meshing indicating structure, when the rope winding wheel assembly rotates anticlockwise at high speed, the centrifugal block (5) rotates anticlockwise under the action of centrifugal force, the pawl rotates anticlockwise under the action of the tension spring (3) and is meshed with the ratchet wheel (8), and the ratchet wheel (8) drives a main shaft to rotate through a square key.

When the speed-control falling protector is used for slowly descending a fire escape capsule, the centrifugal block does not limit the pawl (9), the pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel, the escape capsule bearing steel wire rope rotates anticlockwise through the rope winding wheel assembly of the slow descending device to drive the main shaft to rotate, the driving wheel (20) fastened on the main shaft enables the combined gears (29) and (28) to rotate and drives the gear (23) fastened on the escape wheel (24) to rotate at a high speed, at the moment, the gear teeth of the escape wheel impact with the rollers on the plurality of swinging bodies to push the swinging bodies to swing, so that the rotating speed of the whole rotating part is controlled, and the purpose of uniformly and slowly descending the escape capsule is realized.

When the speed control falling protector is used for falling prevention protection of a high-rise elevator, the centrifugal block is clamped into the hook-shaped head at the tail end of the pawl, the pawl is disengaged from the ratchet wheel, the falling prevention bearing steel rope of the elevator correcting box is clamped into the rope winding wheel assembly, when the elevator correcting box moves up and down, the centrifugal block is not started quickly because the speed is not high, the rope winding wheel assembly idles back and forth, when the elevator correcting box is out of control and falls, the falling speed suddenly adds the block, the rope winding wheel assembly is driven to rotate at a high speed, the centrifugal block generates a large centrifugal force, the pawl is released, the pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel, the speed control mechanism is driven to work, the falling speed of the out-of-control correcting box is controlled by the falling protector, the elevator correcting box is forced to slowly and stably descend to a bottom floor, secondary accidents can not occur, and the safety protection effect is achieved.

Claims (1)

1. a speed control fall arrester, it is characterized in that: the rope winding wheel assembly, ratchet wheel, speed increasing gear set, speed control mechanism driven by the bearing wire rope are fixed between the upper fixed plate, the middle partition plate and the lower bottom plate by the main shaft , The rope winding wheel assembly and the ratchet wheel are fixed between the upper fixed plate and the middle partition plate. The winding wheel assembly is sleeved on the main shaft. The ratchet wheel is tightly connected with the main shaft by a square key. The rope winding wheel assembly includes a pawl, a centrifugal block and a rope winding wheel. , a plurality of pawls and a centrifugal block for releasing the pawls are fixed on the rope winding wheel. Gear set and speed control mechanism, the first-stage driving wheel of the gear set is fastened with the main shaft, the first-stage driven wheel and the second-stage driving wheel are fastened together to form a combined gear, and the combined gear is fixed between the middle partition plate and the lower bottom plate , the escape wheel in the speed control mechanism is fastened together with the second-stage driven gear, the middle of the second-stage driven gear is open, the second-stage driven gear is sleeved under the main shaft, and the upper fixed plate, middle partition, The lower bottom plate is fixed by a plurality of uprights. The upper fixed plate and the middle partition plate are set with three pulleys on the three limit columns at the inlet and outlet of the wire rope. The speed control mechanism arranged between the middle partition plate and the lower fixed plate is controlled by escape The vertical wheel and a plurality of oscillating bodies surrounding the escape wheel are composed, wherein the number of triangular gear teeth on the escape wheel can be selected from six to ten, and the number of oscillating bodies can be selected from two to four. Installed with two roller shafts and two rollers, the escape wheel can make the pendulum swing back and forth.

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