CN110066971A - Austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110066971A CN110066971A CN201810070141.9A CN201810070141A CN110066971A CN 110066971 A CN110066971 A CN 110066971A CN 201810070141 A CN201810070141 A CN 201810070141A CN 110066971 A CN110066971 A CN 110066971A
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- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 33
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/006—Making ferrous alloys compositions used for making ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to austenitic stainless steel technical field, a kind of austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof is disclosed.Wherein, the austenitic stainless steel contains the Ca of the S and 0.001-0.005 weight % of Cu, 0.01-0.025 weight % of Si, 0.4-0.8 weight % of Mn, 0.4-0.7 weight % of Mo, 1.2-2 weight % of Ni, 2-3 weight % of Cr, 10-14 weight % of 16-18 weight %, and surplus is Fe and impurity；And in the preparation process in accordance with the present invention, by compound addition S, Cu and Ca element, excellent plastic processing and polished appearance effect can be had concurrently while the machinability for significantly improving austenitic stainless steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to austenitic stainless steel technical fields, and in particular to austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Austenitic stainless steel material is widely used because of it with characteristics such as excellent corrosion resistance, high temperature resistants.But
On the other hand, stainless steel causes its cutting ability poor, and the cutter longevity because its thermal coefficient is small, plasticity is big, is easy the disadvantages of viscous knife
Order it is short, make stainless steel material application be restricted.
Therefore, improve the machinability of stainless steel to product cost is reduced, improve productivity, realize that product cutting adds
Work automation, the development of high speed are significant.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the above problem of the existing technology, provide a kind of austenitic stainless steel and its
Preparation method, the preparation method can be added by compound addition S, Cu and Ca element significantly improving austenitic stainless steel cutting
While work, excellent plastic processing and polished appearance effect are had concurrently.
To achieve the goals above, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of austenitic stainless steel, wherein the austenite is not
Rust steel contains Mn, 0.4-0.7 of Mo, 1.2-2 weight % of Ni, 2-3 weight % of Cr, 10-14 weight % of 16-18 weight %
The Ca of the S and 0.001-0.005 weight % of Cu, 0.01-0.025 weight % of Si, 0.4-0.8 weight % of weight %, surplus
For Fe and impurity.
Second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of austenitic stainless steel, wherein the preparation method packet
Include following steps:
(1) by the raw material melting containing Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Si, Cu, S, Ca and Fe and it is cast as steel ingot；
(2) steel ingot is subjected to milling processing；
(3) hot rolling treatment will be carried out through step (2) treated steel ingot；
It (4) will treated, and hot-rolled product be heat-treated through step (3)；
Wherein, the raw material composition so that preparation the austenitic stainless steel contain 16-18 weight % Cr,
Si, 0.4-0.8 weight % of Mn, 0.4-0.7 weight % of Mo, 1.2-2 weight % of Ni, 2-3 weight % of 10-14 weight %
Cu, 0.01-0.025 weight % S and 0.001-0.005 weight % Ca, surplus be Fe and impurity.
Third aspect present invention provides a kind of austenitic stainless steel prepared by the preparation method.
Through the above technical solutions, the invention has the characteristics that:
(1) addition of S element generates MnS field trash, and MnS can play friction in reduction, cut off matrix, be formed when cutting
The easily effect of cutting such as stress raiser；
(2) Ca element makes that MnS field trash is more tiny, spindle, ingredient from single MnS be the compound of CaS and MnS
Field trash, in addition, Ca element can improve the polishing effect of material；
(3) Cu element can reduce the processing hardening of material, on the one hand can reduce cold deformation drag, on the other hand can drop
Tool wear when low machining.
Specific embodiment
The endpoint of disclosed range and any value are not limited to the accurate range or value herein, these ranges or
Value should be understood as comprising the value close to these ranges or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each range, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a range and individual point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
First aspect present invention provides a kind of austenitic stainless steel, wherein the austenitic stainless steel contains 16-18 weight
Measure Si, 0.4- of Mn, 0.4-0.7 weight % of Mo, 1.2-2 weight % of Ni, 2-3 weight % of Cr, 10-14 weight % of %
The Ca of the S and 0.001-0.005 weight % of Cu, 0.01-0.025 weight % of 0.8 weight %, surplus are Fe and impurity.
Under preferable case, the austenitic stainless steel contains Ni, 2- of Cr, 10-12 weight % of 16.2-17.8 weight %
Cu, 0.012- of Si, 0.45-0.7 weight % of Mn, 0.42-0.68 weight % of Mo, 1.2-1.5 weight % of 3 weight %
The Ca of the S and 0.002-0.003 weight % of 0.024 weight %, surplus are Fe and impurity.
In more preferable situation, the austenitic stainless steel contains Ni, 2- of Cr, 10-11.8wt% of 16.5-17.5wt%
Cu, 0.013- of Si, 0.5-0.55wt% of Mn, 0.45-0.65wt% of Mo, 1.2-1.4wt% of 2.8wt%
The Ca of the S and 0.0025-0.003wt% of 0.023wt%, surplus are Fe and impurity.
According to the present invention, the austenitic stainless steel contains the S element of above-mentioned certain content, can improve cutting ability,
Facilitate austenitic stainless steel processing after molding.But excessively high S element will affect the hot-working character of material, and too low S
It can not be effectively improved the machinability of material, therefore, the present inventor passes through a large amount of scientific experiment, determines the content for working as S
When being limited within above range, MnS field trash can be generated, when cutting MnS can play friction in reduction, cut off matrix,
The easily effect of cutting such as stress raiser is formed, and then can make the austenitic stainless steel that there is good cutting ability.
According to the present invention, the austenitic stainless steel contains the Ca element of above-mentioned certain content, can improve cutting ability,
Facilitate austenitic stainless steel processing after molding.But the volatilization temperature of calcium is very low, raising calcium content is relatively difficult in steel, institute
It is generally less than 0.005% with the Ca content in steel.Therefore, the present inventor passes through a large amount of scientific experiment, and Ca is worked as in determination
Content when being limited within above range, Ca element makes that MnS field trash is more tiny, spindle, and ingredient is from single MnS
Become the complex inclusion of CaS and MnS, in addition, Ca element can improve the polishing effect of material, and then the austenite can be made not
The steel that becomes rusty has good cutting ability.
According to the present invention, the austenitic stainless steel contains the Cu element of above-mentioned certain content, can improve cutting ability,
Facilitate austenitic stainless steel processing after molding.But excessively high Cu element can reduce the intensity of stainless steel, too low Cu element
It can not be equally effectively improved the machinability of material, therefore, the present inventor passes through a large amount of scientific experiment, determines when Cu's
When content is limited within above range, Cu element can reduce the processing hardening of material, and it is anti-on the one hand to reduce cold deformation
Power, tool wear when on the other hand can reduce machining, and then can make the austenitic stainless steel that there is good machinability
Energy.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of austenitic stainless steel, wherein the preparation method
The following steps are included:
(1) by the raw material melting containing Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Si, Cu, S, Ca and Fe and it is cast as steel ingot；
(2) steel ingot is subjected to milling processing；
(3) hot rolling treatment will be carried out through step (2) treated steel ingot；
It (4) will treated, and hot-rolled product be heat-treated through step (3)；
Wherein, the raw material composition so that preparation the austenitic stainless steel contain 16-18 weight % Cr,
Si, 0.4-0.8 weight % of Mn, 0.4-0.7 weight % of Mo, 1.2-2 weight % of Ni, 2-3 weight % of 10-14 weight %
Cu, 0.01-0.025 weight % S and 0.001-0.005 weight % Ca, surplus be Fe and impurity.
Under preferable case, under preferable case, the austenitic stainless steel contains Cr, 10-12 weight of 16.2-17.8 weight %
Measure Si, 0.45-0.7 weight %'s of Mn, 0.42-0.68 weight % of Mo, 1.2-1.5 weight % of Ni, 2-3 weight % of %
The Ca of S the and 0.002-0.003 weight % of Cu, 0.012-0.024 weight %, surplus are Fe and impurity.
In more preferable situation, the austenitic stainless steel contains Ni, 2- of Cr, 10-11.8wt% of 16.5-17.5wt%
Cu, 0.013- of Si, 0.5-0.55wt% of Mn, 0.45-0.65wt% of Mo, 1.2-1.4wt% of 2.8wt%
The Ca of the S and 0.0025-0.003wt% of 0.023wt%, surplus are Fe and impurity.
According to the present invention, the austenitic stainless steel contains the S element of above-mentioned certain content, can improve cutting ability,
Facilitate austenitic stainless steel processing after molding.But excessively high S element will affect the hot-working character of material, and too low S
It can not be effectively improved the machinability of material, therefore, the present inventor passes through a large amount of scientific experiment, determines the content for working as S
When being limited within above range, MnS field trash can be generated, when cutting MnS can play friction in reduction, cut off matrix,
The easily effect of cutting such as stress raiser is formed, and then can make the austenitic stainless steel that there is good cutting ability.
According to the present invention, the austenitic stainless steel contains the Ca element of above-mentioned certain content, can improve cutting ability,
Facilitate austenitic stainless steel processing after molding.It needs it is worth noting that, the volatilization temperature of calcium is very low, raising calcium contains in steel
Measure it is relatively difficult, so the Ca content in steel is generally less than 0.005%.Therefore, the present inventor is by a large amount of science
Experiment determines when the content of Ca is limited within above range, and Ca element makes that MnS field trash is more tiny, spindle, at
Divide the complex inclusion for becoming CaS and MnS from single MnS, in addition, Ca element can improve the polishing effect of material, Jin Erneng
Enough make the austenitic stainless steel that there is good appearance property.
According to the present invention, the austenitic stainless steel contains the Cu element of above-mentioned certain content, can improve cutting ability,
Facilitate austenitic stainless steel processing after molding.But excessively high Cu element can reduce the intensity of stainless steel, too low Cu element
It can not be equally effectively improved the machinability of material, therefore, the present inventor passes through a large amount of scientific experiment, determines when Cu's
When content is limited within above range, Cu element can reduce the processing hardening of material, and it is anti-on the one hand to reduce cold deformation
Power, tool wear when on the other hand can reduce machining, and then can make the austenitic stainless steel that there is good machinability
Energy.
According to the present invention, the raw material can be 316L alloy, fine copper, sulphur iron intermediate alloy and silico-calcium intermediate alloy.
Preferably, the temperature strip that the raw material are carried out to grinding process before melting and are 100-300 DEG C in temperature
Dry 0.5-1.5h under part；It is highly preferred that the raw material to be carried out to grinding process before melting and are 150-250 in temperature
DEG C temperature under the conditions of dry 0.8-1.2h；Most preferably, the raw material are carried out to grinding process before melting and in temperature
Degree is 1h dry under the conditions of 200 DEG C of temperature.
According to the present invention, the condition of the melting includes: melting in vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas, wherein vacuum
The temperature of melting can be 1600-1700 DEG C in induction furnace；The condition of the casting includes: to be poured using water-glass sand die cast
Casting temperature is 1500-1700 DEG C.
In the present invention, vaccum sensitive stove is not particularly limited, and can be the conventional selection of this field, the vaccum sensitive stove
Capacity be 40kg, that is, the vaccum sensitive stove can be loaded with the raw material of 40kg.
According to the present invention, the condition of the casting includes: using water-glass sand die cast, cast temperature 1500-1700
℃；Preferably, cast temperature is 1550-1650 DEG C；It is highly preferred that cast temperature is 1600 DEG C.
In the present invention, the size of the steel ingot after casting is not particularly limited, for example, the size of the steel ingot after casting
It can be 200mm × 200mm × 80mm.
According to the present invention, the steel ingot is subjected to milling processing, to remove the superficial oxidation skin of the steel ingot.Its
In, the condition of milling processing is not particularly limited, and can be the conventional selection of this field.
According to the present invention, it is 1200-1300 DEG C that the condition of the hot rolling, which includes: temperature, it is preferable that temperature is 1250 DEG C.
According to the present invention, the hot-rolled product with a thickness of 1.5-3.5mm, preferably 2-3mm, more preferably 2.5mm.
According to the present invention, the condition of the heat treatment includes: that the heat treatment carries out in Muffle furnace, and the Muffle furnace
Heating rate be 5-15 DEG C/min, the temperature of heat treatment is 1000-1200 DEG C, soaking time 20-40min；Preferably, institute
The heating rate for stating Muffle furnace is 10 DEG C/min, and the temperature of heat treatment is 1050-1100 DEG C, soaking time 25-35min.
According to the present invention, the raw material are smelting, casting, peeling, hot rolling and heat treatment process processing, can
Impurity is removed well, is conducive to the cutting ability of prepared austenitic stainless steel, and prepared Austria can be improved
The polishing effect of family name's body stainless steel, in addition it is possible to reduce the resistance of deformation of cold working.
According to the invention, it is further possible to which the product after the heat treatment is cooled to room temperature in air.
Third aspect present invention additionally provides a kind of austenitic stainless steel prepared by the preparation method.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment indicates that austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof of the invention.
(1) melting: selecting raw material (316L alloy, fine copper, sulphur iron intermediate alloy and silico-calcium intermediate alloy), also, should
The chemical composition and its weight percentage of raw material are as shown in table 1.
Raw material are carried out to grinding process before melting, are completely placed on the drying box that temperature is 200 DEG C wait polish
Middle heat preservation 1h, then raw material about 40kg is placed in vaccum sensitive stove and carries out melting, fusion process under the conditions of 1600 DEG C of temperature
Protected using argon gas, cast using waterglass sand mo(u)ld, cast temperature be 1600 DEG C, be cast into size be 200mm ×
Then the steel ingot of 200mm × 80mm, then is cooled to room temperature in air；
(2) it removes the peel: the superficial oxidation skin of steel ingot obtained in step (1) is subjected to milling processing；
(3) hot rolling: by Heating Steel Ingots obtained in step (2) to 1250 DEG C, and keeping the temperature 30min, then, by hot-rolled product
It is hot-rolled down to about 2.5mm thickness；
(4) be heat-treated: the heating rate for controlling Muffle furnace is 10 DEG C/min, heats the hot-rolled product to 1050 DEG C, keeps the temperature
Water cooling is to room temperature after 30min；Austenitic stainless steel S1 is prepared.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment indicates that austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof of the invention.
(1) melting: selecting raw material (316L alloy, fine copper, sulphur iron intermediate alloy and silico-calcium intermediate alloy), also, should
The chemical composition and its weight percentage of raw material are as shown in table 1.
Raw material are carried out to grinding process before melting, are completely placed on the drying box that temperature is 100 DEG C wait polish
Middle heat preservation 1.5h, then raw material about 40kg is placed in vaccum sensitive stove and carries out melting, melting under the conditions of 1600 DEG C of temperature
Journey is protected using argon gas, is cast using waterglass sand mo(u)ld, and cast temperature is 1500 DEG C, and being cast into size is 200mm
Then the steel ingot of × 200mm × 80mm, then is cooled to room temperature in air；
(2) it removes the peel: the superficial oxidation skin of steel ingot obtained in step (1) is subjected to milling processing, wherein；
(3) hot rolling: by Heating Steel Ingots obtained in step (2) to 1200 DEG C, and keeping the temperature 40min, then, by hot-rolled product
It is hot-rolled down to about 2mm thickness；
(4) be heat-treated: the heating rate for controlling Muffle furnace is 10 DEG C/min, heats the hot-rolled product to 1000 DEG C, keeps the temperature
Water cooling is to room temperature after 40min；Austenitic stainless steel S2 is prepared.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment indicates that austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof of the invention.
(1) melting: selecting raw material (316L alloy, fine copper, sulphur iron intermediate alloy and silico-calcium intermediate alloy), also, should
The chemical composition and its weight percentage of raw material are as shown in table 1.
Raw material are carried out to grinding process before melting, are completely placed on the drying box that temperature is 300 DEG C wait polish
Middle heat preservation 0.5h, then raw material about 40kg is placed in vaccum sensitive stove and carries out melting, melting under the conditions of 1700 DEG C of temperature
Journey is protected using argon gas, is cast using waterglass sand mo(u)ld, and cast temperature is 1700 DEG C, and being cast into size is 200mm
Then the steel ingot of × 200mm × 80mm, then is cooled to room temperature in air；
(2) it removes the peel: the superficial oxidation skin of steel ingot obtained in step (1) is subjected to milling processing, wherein；
(3) hot rolling: by Heating Steel Ingots obtained in step (2) to 1300 DEG C, and keeping the temperature 20min, then, by hot-rolled product
It is hot-rolled down to about 3mm thickness；
(4) be heat-treated: the heating rate for controlling Muffle furnace is 10 DEG C/min, heats the hot-rolled product to 1200 DEG C, keeps the temperature
Water cooling is to room temperature after 20min；Austenitic stainless steel S3 is prepared.
Embodiment 4
Austenitic stainless steel is prepared according to preparation method same as Example 1, the difference is that, the chemistry of raw material
Composition and its weight percentage are as shown in table 1；Austenitic stainless steel S4 is prepared.
Embodiment 5
Austenitic stainless steel is prepared according to preparation method same as Example 1, the difference is that, the chemistry of raw material
Composition and its weight percentage are as shown in table 1；Austenitic stainless steel S5 is prepared.
Embodiment 6
Austenitic stainless steel is prepared according to preparation method same as Example 1, the difference is that, the chemistry of raw material
Composition and its weight percentage are as shown in table 1；Austenitic stainless steel S6 is prepared.
Embodiment 7
Austenitic stainless steel is prepared according to preparation method same as Example 1, the difference is that, the chemistry of raw material
Composition and its weight percentage are as shown in table 1；Austenitic stainless steel S7 is prepared.
Embodiment 8
Austenitic stainless steel is prepared according to preparation method same as Example 1, the difference is that, the chemistry of raw material
Composition and its weight percentage are as shown in table 1；Austenitic stainless steel S8 is prepared.
Comparative example 1
Austenitic stainless steel is prepared according to preparation method same as Example 1, the difference is that, the chemistry of raw material
Composition and its weight percentage are as shown in table 1；Austenitic stainless steel D1 is prepared.
Comparative example 2
Austenitic stainless steel is prepared according to preparation method same as Example 1, the difference is that, the chemistry of raw material
Composition and its weight percentage are as shown in table 1；Austenitic stainless steel D2 is prepared.
Comparative example 3
Prepare austenitic stainless steel according to preparation method same as Example 1, institute the difference is that, the change of raw material
It learns composition and its weight percentage is as shown in table 1；
Austenitic stainless steel D3 is prepared.
Comparative example 4
Prepare austenitic stainless steel according to preparation method same as Example 1, institute the difference is that, the change of raw material
It learns composition and its weight percentage is as shown in table 1；
Austenitic stainless steel D4 is prepared.
Comparative example 5
Prepare austenitic stainless steel according to preparation method same as Example 1, institute the difference is that, the change of raw material
It learns composition and its weight percentage is as shown in table 1；
Austenitic stainless steel D5 is prepared.
Comparative example 6
Prepare austenitic stainless steel according to preparation method same as Example 1, institute the difference is that, the change of raw material
It learns composition and its weight percentage is as shown in table 1；
Austenitic stainless steel D6 is prepared.
Comparative example 7
Prepare austenitic stainless steel according to preparation method same as Example 1, institute the difference is that, the change of raw material
It learns composition and its weight percentage is as shown in table 1；
Austenitic stainless steel D7 is prepared.
Table 1
Test case 1
This test case is used to measure the austenitic stainless steel S1-S8 and D1-D7 obtained in embodiment 1-8 and comparative example 1-7
Tool wear performance characterization parameter.
The austenite obtained in performance characterization parameter measure embodiment 1-8 and comparative example 1-7 by analyzing tool wear
The cutting ability of stainless steel S1-S8 and D1-D7, cutting test carry out in CNC milling machine, using hard alloy cutter ZCC-CT-
GM-4E-D8.0 is as cutting tool, and when cutting, using self-acting feed, lathe spindle revolving speed 125mm/min feeds 0.2mm/r,
Cutting depth 0.15mm, cutting 1h parking, removes cutter and observes tool wear under an optical microscope, concrete outcome is shown in Table 2 institutes
Show.
Test case 2
This test case is used to measure the austenitic stainless steel S1-S8 and D1-D7 obtained in embodiment 1-8 and comparative example 1-7
Mechanical property at room temperature.
Referring to " GB/T 228.1-2010 metal material stretching test first part: room temperature test method " test present invention
The elongation percentage of stainless steel, by the austenitic stainless steel S1-S8 and D1-D7 that are obtained in embodiment 1-8 and comparative example 1-7 through wire cutting
Standard tensile specimen is made, the axis direction of tensile sample is consistent with the direction of extrusion.Concrete outcome is shown in Table 2.
Table 2
| Example | Tool wear (mm) | Elongation percentage (%) | Yield strength (MPa) |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.625 | 57 | 293 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.570 | 53 | 309 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.530 | 48 | 318 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.605 | 59 | 287 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.540 | 55 | 302 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.510 | 52 | 314 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.600 | 46 | 325 |
| Embodiment 8 | 0.650 | 63 | 278 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.000 | 45 | 276 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.620 | 40 | 255 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.820 | 41 | 274 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.730 | 45 | 271 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.710 | 44 | 269 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.680 | 45 | 273 |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.660 | 43 | 277 |
Can be seen that embodiment 1-8 by the Comparative result of table 2 can obviously be mentioned by compound addition S, Ca and Cu element
While high austenite stainless steel cutting processability (tool wear), excellent plastic processing (elongation percentage) and excellent is had concurrently
Yield strength and polished appearance effect；It should be noted that the present invention controls S content between 0.01-0.025wt%,
Purpose is that plate rolling is avoided to crack, and guarantees stable product quality；Secondly, the present invention controls Cu content in 0.4-0.8wt%
Between, its object is to avoid product polishing heterochromatic；In addition, the volatilization temperature due to calcium is relatively low, calcium member is added in steel
Element is relatively difficult, and the present invention controls Ca content between 0.001-0.005wt%.
Although and the content of Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo and Ca element in comparative example 1 in embodiment 1 Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo and
The content of Ca element is identical, and still, the content of the Cu and S element in comparative example 1 is 0, and as a result machinability and plastic processing are equal
It is poor.
Although the content of Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo and Ca element in comparative example 2 and Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo and Ca in embodiment 1
The content of element is identical, also, the content of S is also within the scope of restriction of the invention, still, the Cu element in comparative example 2
Content be 0, as a result plastic processing is poor.
Although the content of Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo, Ca and Cu element in comparative example 3 in embodiment 1 Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo,
The content of Ca with Cu element is identical, and the content of the S element in comparative example 3 is 0, and as a result machinability is poor.
Although the content of Cr, Ni, Mn and Mo element in comparative example 4 and Cr, Ni, Mn and Mo element in embodiment 1
Content is identical, and still, the content of Ca, Cu and S element in comparative example 4 is not within limited range of the present invention, that is, comparison
The content of Ca, Cu and S element in example 4 is less than limited range of the present invention, and as a result machinability, plastic processing are poor.
The content of Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo, Ca, Cu and S element in comparative example 5 not within limited range of the present invention,
That is, the content of each element in comparative example 5 be less than limited range of the present invention, as a result machinability, plastic processing compared with
Difference.
Cr content in comparative example 6 is not within limited range of the present invention, that is, the Cr content in comparative example 6 is greater than
Limited range of the present invention, as a result machinability, plastic processing are poor.
Ni constituent content in comparative example 7 is not within limited range of the present invention, that is, the Ni element in comparative example 7
Content be less than limited range of the present invention, as a result machinability, plastic processing are poor.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, and still, the present invention is not limited thereto.In skill of the invention
In art conception range, can with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, including each technical characteristic with it is any its
Its suitable method is combined, and it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, is belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of austenitic stainless steel, which is characterized in that the austenitic stainless steel contains Cr, 10-14 weight of 16-18 weight %
The Cu of Si, 0.4-0.8 weight % of Mn, 0.4-0.7 weight % of Mo, 1.2-2 weight % of Ni, 2-3 weight % of amount %,
The Ca of the S and 0.001-0.005 weight % of 0.01-0.025 weight %, surplus are Fe and impurity.
2. austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein the austenitic stainless steel contains 16.2-17.8 weight
The Si of Mn, 0.42-0.68 weight % of Mo, 1.2-1.5 weight % of Ni, 2-3 weight % of Cr, 10-12 weight % of amount %,
The Ca of the S and 0.002-0.003 weight % of Cu, 0.012-0.024 weight % of 0.45-0.7 weight %, surplus are iron and miscellaneous
Matter.
3. a kind of preparation method of austenitic stainless steel, which is characterized in that the preparation method the following steps are included:
(1) by the raw material melting containing Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Si, Cu, S, Ca and Fe and it is cast as steel ingot；
(2) steel ingot is subjected to milling processing；
(3) hot rolling treatment will be carried out through step (2) treated steel ingot；
It (4) will treated, and hot-rolled product be heat-treated through step (3)；
Wherein, the composition of the raw material is so that the austenitic stainless steel of preparation contains Cr, 10-14 of 16-18 weight %
The Cu of Si, 0.4-0.8 weight % of Mn, 0.4-0.7 weight % of Mo, 1.2-2 weight % of Ni, 2-3 weight % of weight %,
The Ca of the S and 0.001-0.005 weight % of 0.01-0.025 weight %, surplus are Fe and impurity.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the raw material composition so that preparation the austenite not
Rust steel contain 16.2-17.8 weight % Cr, 10-12 weight % Ni, 2-3 weight % Mo, 1.2-1.5 weight % Mn,
S and the 0.002-0.003 weight of Cu, 0.012-0.024 weight % of Si, 0.45-0.7 weight % of 0.42-0.68 weight %
The Ca of % is measured, surplus is Fe and impurity.
5. preparation method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the raw material are 316L alloy, among fine copper, sulphur iron
Alloy and silico-calcium intermediate alloy；Preferably, the raw material are carried out to grinding process before melting and in 100-300 DEG C of temperature
Dry 0.5-1.5h under the conditions of degree.
6. preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in step (1), the condition of the melting includes: in argon gas
Melting in lower vaccum sensitive stove is protected, the condition of the casting includes: using water-glass sand die cast, cast temperature 1500-
1700℃。
7. preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in step (3), the hot-rolled temperature is 1200-1300 DEG C.
8. preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the hot-rolled product with a thickness of 1.5-3.5mm, preferably 2-
3mm。
9. preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in step (4), the condition of the heat treatment includes: described
Heat treatment carries out in Muffle furnace, and the heating rate of the Muffle furnace is 5-15 DEG C/min, and the temperature of heat treatment is 1000-
1200 DEG C, soaking time 20-40min.
10. the austenitic stainless steel of the preparation of the method as described in any one of claim 3-9.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1036605A (en) * | 1989-02-13 | 1989-10-25 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Easy-to-cut complex calcium sulphur austenitic stainless steel |
| JP2001234298A (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2001-08-28 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | AUSTENITIC Ca-ADDED FREE CUTTING STAINLESS STEEL |
| JP2006316310A (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2006-11-24 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Material for component in electronic equipment |
| JP2008133498A (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-06-12 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Parts for office and stationery supplies |
| CN102168230A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-08-31 | 北京科技大学 | 304 substituting nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
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2018
- 2018-01-24 CN CN201810070141.9A patent/CN110066971A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1036605A (en) * | 1989-02-13 | 1989-10-25 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Easy-to-cut complex calcium sulphur austenitic stainless steel |
| JP2001234298A (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2001-08-28 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | AUSTENITIC Ca-ADDED FREE CUTTING STAINLESS STEEL |
| JP2006316310A (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2006-11-24 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Material for component in electronic equipment |
| JP2008133498A (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-06-12 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Parts for office and stationery supplies |
| CN102168230A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-08-31 | 北京科技大学 | 304 substituting nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
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