Sample preparation mold for simulating rock mass with multilayer interlayer dislocation zone and sample preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of simulation sample preparation molds, in particular to a sample preparation mold for simulating a rock mass with a multilayer interlayer dislocation zone and a sample preparation method thereof.
Background
The rock mass containing the multilayer interbedded dislocation zone is a special structural rock mass with non-continuity and non-linear characteristics, and the interbedded dislocation zone has obvious influence on the stability of the rock mass, so that the mechanical properties of the rock mass containing the interbedded dislocation zone need to be researched.
The rock mechanics test mainly comprises a field test and a laboratory test, wherein the in-situ test has poor economic benefit and is obviously influenced by the environment. In recent years, many scholars at home and abroad research the mechanical behavior of a rock mass containing an interbedded dislocation zone, but the research on the mechanical behavior is less through indoor tests, and the reason is that it is difficult to prepare a raw rock sample containing the interbedded dislocation zone, particularly a raw rock sample containing the interbedded dislocation zone with a certain inclination angle in the sample preparation process.
Researchers usually adopt rock-like materials to carry out reasonable proportioning to simulate a rock sample and research the mechanical properties of the rock-like materials, wherein the rock-like materials usually comprise cement mortar materials, resin transparent rock materials, rosin oil alcohol materials, gypsum materials and the like; when a raw rock sample containing an interlayer dislocation zone with a certain inclination angle is prepared, if the inclination angle of the raw rock sample cannot be controlled, the defect that the density of a pouring layer made of the same material is low or high easily occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sample preparation mold for simulating a rock mass with a multilayer interlaminar disturbed belt and a sample preparation method thereof, which are simple, reliable and high in economic benefit, overcome the defects of large environmental influence and poor economical efficiency of an in-situ test, and have the advantages of strong operability, high repeatability and smaller discreteness of test results.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention can adopt the following technical scheme: a sample preparation mold for simulating a rock mass with a multilayer interlayer dislocation zone comprises a sample preparation base and N layers of sample preparation mechanisms movably connected to the sample preparation base; the inclination angle control mechanism is used for carrying out inclination angle control on the sample preparation base and the sample preparation mechanism;
the sample preparation mechanism comprises a main control cylinder and an auxiliary control cylinder which are of hollow structures; the upper surface of the main control cylinder is an inclined plane; the included angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is alpha; the lower surface of the auxiliary control cylinder is matched with the upper surface of the main control cylinder in shape; wherein alpha is more than 0 and less than 90 degrees;
the inclination angle control mechanism is of an L-shaped structure comprising a vertical surface and an inclined horizontal surface; the included angle between the vertical surface and the inclined horizontal plane is (90-alpha);
and sealing mechanisms are arranged between all adjacent movable contact surfaces.
More preferably, the movable connection of system appearance mechanism and system appearance base does: the main control cylinder, the auxiliary control cylinder and the sample preparation base are respectively provided with a plurality of constraint fixing shaft holes with one-to-one corresponding positions; the main control cylinder and the auxiliary control cylinder are movably connected to the sample preparation base through positioning support rods penetrating through the plurality of constraint fixing shaft holes and fixing nuts used in a matched mode.
The number of the constraint fixing shaft holes is at least two; the connection stability is ensured.
The sealing mechanism is an annular groove arranged on the contact surface and an O-shaped rubber gasket matched in the annular groove; playing the role of discharging water.
Furthermore, the longitudinal section radius of the O-shaped rubber gasket is 0-0.5mm larger than the depth of the groove of the annular groove.
Furthermore, the inner diameters of the main control cylinder and the auxiliary control cylinder are both 5 times larger than the maximum particle size of the sample preparation object; the height is 1.5 times larger than the maximum particle size of the sample preparation object; the thickness of the cylinder wall is not less than 10 mm.
The invention also discloses a sample preparation method for simulating the rock mass with the multilayer interlayer dislocation zone, which comprises the following steps:
a) preparing a sample in a first layer: firstly, assembling a first layer of sample preparation mechanism, movably connecting a main control cylinder to a sample preparation base, wherein the inclined plane of the main control cylinder faces upwards, a sealing mechanism is arranged on the contact surface between the main control cylinder and the sample preparation base, and after the assembly is finished, the main control cylinder is clamped against the inclined horizontal plane of an inclination angle control mechanism, and the upper surface of the main control cylinder is in a state of being parallel to the horizontal plane; uniformly mixing the first layer of sample preparation objects according to the required mass ratio, then casting the mixture into an inner cylinder of a first layer of sample preparation mechanism, and vibrating and compacting to complete the first layer of sample preparation;
b) preparing a second layer of sample: movably connecting the auxiliary control cylinder above the main control cylinder, arranging a sealing mechanism on a contact surface, and assembling; adopting a second layer of sample preparation objects, uniformly mixing the second layer of sample preparation objects according to the required mass ratio, then casting the mixture into an inner cylinder, and vibrating the mixture to compact the mixture to finish the second layer of sample preparation;
c) sequentially assembling N layers of sample preparation mechanisms according to the step b), and casting sample materials of N layers of sample preparation objects;
d) reinforcing and connecting the connected sample preparation molds, separating the sample preparation molds from the inclination angle control mechanism, casting the uniformly mixed material into the last layer of sample preparation device, vibrating and compacting, and carrying out normal-temperature and normal-humidity maintenance;
e) and after maintenance, removing the mold to form a rock-like sample containing a multilayer interlayer dislocation zone.
More preferably, the curing conditions in step d) are 20 ℃ and the relative humidity is 90%.
More preferably, the rock-like sample prepared in step e) is subjected to rock mechanical test after being polished and leveled to the required precision.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the sample preparation mold and the sample preparation method thereof for simulating the rock mass with the multilayer interlayer dislocation zone disclosed by the invention have the following advantages:
(1) the sample preparation method provided by the invention is simple and reliable, has high economic benefit, overcomes the defects that the in-situ test is greatly influenced by the environment and has poor economy, and has the advantages of strong operability, high repeatability, smaller discreteness of test results and enhanced reliability of the indoor model test.
(2) The invention adopts the cooperation of an inclination angle control device with an inclination angle and a main control cylinder provided with an inclined plane to carry out leveling; the sample preparation devices of all layers are assembled and poured after being prepared respectively, so that the condition that the test pieces are distributed unevenly is avoided, and the thickness and the inclination angle of the test pieces of all layers can be accurately controlled; and simultaneously, the defects of low density and high density of the pouring layer made of the same material of the sample are avoided.
(3) The invention can accurately control the thickness and the inclination angle of each layer of sample, so that an accurate and reliable test result can be obtained when the rock mechanical test is carried out.
(4) The invention provides a reliable method support for the research of rock mechanics behaviors related to anisotropy in the fields of dam foundation engineering, slope engineering and the like of rock mass regions containing multilayer interlayer dislocation zones.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample preparation mold for simulating a rock mass with a multilayer interlayer dislocation zone in embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a master control cylinder of a sample preparation mold according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a positioning support rod and a fixing nut used in cooperation with the positioning support rod in a sample preparation mold according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of an auxiliary control cylinder in the sample preparation mold in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the auxiliary control cylinder of the sample preparation mold in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sample preparation base in the sample preparation mold according to example 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a front view of a sample preparation base in the sample preparation mold according to example 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structural change of the sample preparation mold in the sample preparation process in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-8, the invention discloses a sample preparation mold for simulating a rock mass with a multilayer interlayer dislocation zone, which comprises a sample preparation base 1 and N layers of sample preparation mechanisms 2 movably connected to the sample preparation base 1; the device also comprises an inclination angle control mechanism 3 for performing inclination angle control on the sample preparation base 1 and the sample preparation mechanism 2;
the sample preparation mechanism 2 comprises a main control cylinder 21 and an auxiliary control cylinder 22 which are of hollow structures; the upper surface of the main control cylinder 21 is an inclined plane; the included angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is alpha; wherein alpha is more than 0 and less than 90 degrees; the lower surface of the auxiliary control cylinder 22 is matched with the upper surface of the main control cylinder 21 in shape; the inner diameters of the main control cylinder 21 and the auxiliary control cylinder 22 are both larger than 5 times of the maximum particle size of a sample preparation object; the height is 1.5 times larger than the maximum particle size of the sample preparation object; the thickness of the cylinder wall is not less than 10 mm.
The tilt angle control mechanism 3 is an L-shaped structure comprising a vertical surface 31 and a tilt horizontal surface 32; the included angle between the vertical surface 31 and the inclined horizontal surface 32 is (90-alpha);
the main control cylinder 21, the auxiliary control cylinder 22 and the sample preparation base 1 are respectively provided with four constraint fixing shaft holes 5 with one-to-one corresponding positions at four corners; the connection stability is ensured. The main control cylinder 21 and the auxiliary control cylinder 22 are movably connected to the sample preparation base 1 through a positioning support rod 51 penetrating through the constraint fixing shaft hole 5 and a fixing nut 52 used in a matched mode; the fixing nut 52 uses a hexagonal fixing nut.
And a sealing mechanism 4 is arranged between all adjacent movable contact surfaces. The sealing mechanism 4 is an annular groove 41 arranged on a contact surface and an O-shaped rubber gasket 42 matched in the annular groove 41; the waterproof function is achieved. The longitudinal section radius of the O-shaped rubber gasket 42 is 0.5mm larger than the groove depth of the annular groove 41. Wherein the lower surface of the sample preparation base 1 is horizontal and smooth, and the upper surface is provided with an annular groove 41 and an O-shaped rubber gasket 42 matched in the annular groove 41; the same sealing mechanism 4 is also arranged on the contact surface of the main control cylinder 21 and the auxiliary control cylinder 22. The O-shaped rubber gasket has better water stopping effect and good waterproof effect.
The invention also discloses a sample preparation method for simulating the rock mass with the multilayer interlayer dislocation zone, which comprises the following steps: specifically, refer to fig. 8:
a) as shown in fig. 8-a, the first layer sample preparation method is as follows: firstly, assembling a first layer of sample preparation mechanism, enabling a main control cylinder 21 to penetrate through a constraint fixing shaft hole 5 through a positioning support rod 51 to be connected onto a sample preparation base 1, enabling the inclined plane of the main control cylinder 21 to face upwards, arranging an annular groove 41 and an O-shaped rubber gasket 42 matched in the annular groove 41 on the contact surface between the sample preparation base 1 and the main control cylinder 21, and clamping the sample preparation base against an inclined horizontal plane 31 of an inclination angle control mechanism 3 after the assembly is completed, wherein the upper surface of the main control cylinder 21 is in a state parallel to the horizontal plane; uniformly mixing cement, river sand, water and a defoaming agent according to a required mass ratio, casting the mixture into an inner cylinder of a first layer sample preparation mechanism, and vibrating the mixture to compact the mixture to finish the first layer sample preparation;
b) please refer to fig. 8-b: preparing a second layer of sample: the four restraining and fixing shaft holes 5 of the auxiliary control cylinder 22 are sleeved on the positioning support rod 51 and movably connected above the main control cylinder 21, an annular groove 41 and an O-shaped rubber gasket 42 matched in the annular groove 41 are arranged on the contact surface, and the assembly is finished; white cement is adopted to simulate an interlaminar dislocation zone, the mixture is uniformly mixed according to the required mass ratio and then is cast into an inner cylinder, and the mixture is vibrated to be compact, so that the second-layer sample preparation is completed;
c) please refer to fig. 8-c-8-e: the steps are repeated to complete the assembly of the third layer of sample preparation mold, cement, river sand, water and a defoaming agent are mixed uniformly according to the required mass ratio and then cast into a cylinder in the third layer of sample preparation mold, and the mixture is vibrated and compacted to complete the third layer of sample preparation; completing the assembly of a fourth layer of sample preparation mold, casting white cement into a mold cylinder, and vibrating to compact the white cement to complete the fourth layer of sample preparation; the fifth layer sample preparation mold assembly is completed, the manufactured sample preparation device is reinforced and connected by adopting a fixing nut 52 and a positioning support rod 51, the sample preparation mold is separated from the inclination angle control mechanism 3, cement, river sand, water and a defoaming agent are uniformly mixed according to a certain mass ratio and then cast into a cylinder of the fifth layer sample preparation mold, and the mixture is vibrated and compacted to complete the fifth layer sample preparation;
d) please refer to fig. 8-f: separating the finished sample preparation mould from the inclination angle control mechanism 3, casting the uniformly mixed material into the last layer of sample preparation device, vibrating and compacting, and carrying out normal-temperature and normal-humidity maintenance; the curing conditions were 20 ℃ and the relative humidity was 90%.
e) Removing the mold after maintenance to form a rock-like sample containing a multilayer interlayer dislocation zone; and carrying out rock mechanical test on the prepared rock-like sample after polishing and leveling to the required precision.