CN110044720A - A kind of multi-functional clamp suitable for nonstandard small sample creep performance test - Google Patents
A kind of multi-functional clamp suitable for nonstandard small sample creep performance test Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0071—Creep
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
本发明是一种适用于非标小试样蠕变性能测试的多功能夹具，本发明的设计理念是利用夹具替代非标小试样两端用于固定和连接引伸计的部分，将原来属于试样的这部分结构转移到夹具上，避开直接测量小试样标距段变形的固有逻辑，由于夹具在试验中相对非标小试样来说几乎不发生形变，所以，夹具的变形可忽略不计，所以，通过连接在夹具上的引伸计所测量的夹具与小试样的总变形，就可以作为小试样的蠕变变形结果。
The present invention is a multifunctional fixture suitable for testing the creep performance of non-standard small samples. The design concept of the present invention is to use the fixture to replace the parts used to fix and connect the extensometer at both ends of the non-standard small sample, This part of the structure of the specimen is transferred to the fixture, avoiding the inherent logic of directly measuring the deformation of the gauge length of the small specimen. Since the fixture is hardly deformed in the test compared to the non-standard small specimen, the deformation of the fixture can be avoided. Negligible, so the total deformation of the clamp and the small sample measured by the extensometer connected to the clamp can be used as the result of the creep deformation of the small sample.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明是一种适用于非标小试样蠕变性能测试的多功能夹具，属于力学性能测试技术领域。The invention is a multifunctional fixture suitable for testing the creep performance of non-standard small samples, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical performance testing.
背景技术Background technique
金属材料的蠕变指在恒定温度和恒定负荷作用下，材料随时间产生变形的现象。航空航天发动机、燃气轮机、压力容器等在服役过程中，其关键零部件长期承受高温恒载作用，极易产生蠕变现象，发生蠕变破坏。在材料工程化应用之前，对其蠕变性能进行测试和评价，获取材料在不同温度条件下的蠕变变形曲线和蠕变极限，对于上述装备的高温零部件设计、定寿、制造、维修和失效分析等具有重要意义。材料蠕变性能测试的具体方法是：在规定温度下，对光滑等截面试样施加恒定载荷，利用引伸计测量试样标距段随时间产生的变形，记录时间-变形数据。为了便于引伸计装夹，被测试样两端需加工凸耳，并保留一定长度的装夹空间，试样应具有较长的标距段(一般至少为16mm)以适应引伸计最小量程，标距段直径一般至少为5mm，以防止凸耳与标距段直径悬殊，导致凸耳强度降低，这样以来，一根蠕变试样的总长度往往约需100mm甚至更多。航空发动机以及燃气轮机内部使用大量的复杂薄壁结构(如空心涡轮叶片的最薄壁厚约为零点几个毫米等)，由于材料蠕变性能存在尺寸效应，传统标准试样的蠕变性能数据无法满足复杂薄壁结构的设计需求，这就需要开展零部件(如叶片)本体取样或者设计与零部件壁厚相当的薄壁(或圆棒)小试样的蠕变试验，获取适应零部件本体尺寸范围的蠕变性能数据。Creep of metallic materials refers to the phenomenon that the material deforms with time under the action of constant temperature and constant load. During the service process of aerospace engines, gas turbines, pressure vessels, etc., their key components are subjected to high temperature and constant load for a long time, which is very prone to creep phenomenon and creep damage. Before the material engineering application, test and evaluate its creep performance, obtain the creep deformation curve and creep limit of the material under different temperature conditions, for the high temperature parts design, life determination, manufacturing, maintenance and Failure analysis, etc. are of great significance. The specific method of material creep performance test is as follows: at a specified temperature, a constant load is applied to a smooth and constant-section specimen, and an extensometer is used to measure the deformation of the gauge length section of the specimen over time, and record the time-deformation data. In order to facilitate the clamping of the extensometer, lugs should be machined at both ends of the sample to be tested, and a certain length of clamping space should be reserved. The diameter of the distance section is generally at least 5mm, to prevent the lug and the gauge section diameter from being very different, resulting in a reduction in the strength of the lug. In this way, the total length of a creep sample is often about 100mm or more. A large number of complex thin-walled structures are used in aero-engines and gas turbines (for example, the thinnest wall thickness of hollow turbine blades is about tenths of a millimeter, etc.), due to the size effect of material creep properties, the creep properties of traditional standard specimens cannot meet the complex requirements. To meet the design requirements of thin-walled structures, it is necessary to carry out body sampling of parts (such as blades) or to design a creep test of small samples of thin-walled (or round bars) with the same wall thickness as the parts, so as to obtain a range of dimensions suitable for the body of the parts. creep performance data.
长期以来，由于机械式引伸计对试样尺寸的要求高，非接触测量方法准确度低，高温测量效果差等原因，增加了小试样蠕变变形的测量难度，缺乏成熟可靠的小试样蠕变测试技术及方案，成为影响发动机以及燃气轮机复杂薄壁结构设计的主要因素之一。For a long time, due to the high requirements of the mechanical extensometer for the sample size, the low accuracy of the non-contact measurement method, and the poor high temperature measurement effect, it has increased the difficulty of measuring the creep deformation of small samples, and lacked mature and reliable small samples. Creep testing technology and solutions have become one of the main factors affecting the design of complex thin-walled structures of engines and gas turbines.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明正是针对上述现有技术中存在的不足而设计提供了一种适用于非标小试样蠕变性能测试的多功能夹具，其目的是满足非标小试样蠕变性能测试的需求。该夹具充分考虑当前结构设计和强度计算所需的多种试样形式，如薄壁板状小试样、小直径圆棒试样、薄壁管材等，突破小试样蠕变测试技术瓶颈，并实现一副夹具，多种用途，以便降低测试成本、简化测试步骤、提高测试效率。The present invention is designed to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a multifunctional fixture suitable for testing the creep performance of non-standard small samples, the purpose of which is to meet the requirements for testing the creep performance of non-standard small samples . The fixture fully considers various sample forms required for current structural design and strength calculation, such as thin-walled plate samples, small-diameter round bar samples, thin-walled pipes, etc., breaking through the technical bottleneck of small sample creep testing, And realize a pair of fixtures, multiple purposes, in order to reduce the test cost, simplify the test steps, improve the test efficiency.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:
该种适用于非标小试样蠕变性能测试的多功能夹具，其特征在于：该夹具包括两个与试验机拉杆连接的连接杆，两个连接杆的形状及结构相同，连接杆是由上、中、下三段构成，其中：The multi-functional fixture suitable for testing the creep performance of non-standard small samples is characterized in that: the fixture includes two connecting rods connected with the tie rods of the testing machine, the shape and structure of the two connecting rods are the same, and the connecting rods are made of The upper, middle and lower sections are composed of:
上段1为圆柱状，直径为8～10mm，外表面加工有螺纹与试验机拉杆连接，沿中轴线从顶端向内加工一螺纹孔2，该螺纹孔2这盲孔，在该螺纹孔2的侧面加工一个沿径向贯通上段1圆柱体的销孔Ⅰ3，沿上段1为圆柱状；The upper section 1 is cylindrical with a diameter of 8 to 10 mm. The outer surface is machined with threads to connect with the tie rod of the testing machine. A threaded hole 2 is machined inward from the top along the central axis. A pin hole I3 that penetrates the cylinder of the upper section 1 in the radial direction is machined on the side, and is cylindrical along the upper section 1;
下段4为圆柱体，直径为10～20mm，外表面加工有螺纹与试验机拉杆连接，沿中轴线从顶端向内加工一带台阶的台阶螺纹孔5，沿中轴线从顶端向内加工一沿径向贯通的夹槽6，在该夹槽6的侧面加工一个沿径向贯通下段4圆柱体的销孔Ⅱ7；The lower section 4 is a cylinder with a diameter of 10-20mm. The outer surface is machined with threads to connect with the tie rods of the testing machine. A stepped threaded hole 5 with steps is machined inward from the top along the central axis, and a diameter is machined inward from the top along the central axis. To the through clip groove 6, a pin hole II7 that penetrates the cylinder of the lower section 4 in the radial direction is machined on the side of the clip slot 6;
上段1和下段4之间为环状的凸起8用于连接引伸计。The annular protrusion 8 between the upper section 1 and the lower section 4 is used to connect the extensometer.
进一步，上段1和下段4的长度相等。Further, the lengths of the upper section 1 and the lower section 4 are equal.
进一步，夹槽6的深度沿中轴线到达台阶螺纹孔5的台阶位置。Further, the depth of the clamping groove 6 reaches the stepped position of the stepped screw hole 5 along the central axis.
进一步，该夹具采用耐高温陶瓷材料制造以满足1800℃蠕变性能测试的要求。Further, the fixture is made of high temperature resistant ceramic material to meet the requirements of 1800°C creep performance test.
进一步，螺纹孔2的直径为孔径2.5mm，孔深10mm～15mm。Further, the diameter of the threaded hole 2 is 2.5 mm in diameter, and the hole depth is 10 mm to 15 mm.
进一步，台阶螺纹孔5的深度为20mm，台阶面上部的孔径为3mm，台阶面上部的孔径为2mm。Further, the depth of the stepped screw hole 5 is 20 mm, the diameter of the upper part of the stepped surface is 3 mm, and the diameter of the upper part of the stepped surface is 2 mm.
进一步，夹槽6的宽度为2mm。Further, the width of the clip groove 6 is 2 mm.
进一步，环状的凸起8的侧面为直径2mm的半圆，环状的凸起8突出下段4的圆柱体侧面5mm。Further, the side surface of the annular protrusion 8 is a semicircle with a diameter of 2 mm, and the annular protrusion 8 protrudes from the cylindrical side surface of the lower section 4 by 5 mm.
本发明的设计理念是利用夹具替代非标小试样两端用于固定和连接引伸计的部分，将原来属于试样的这部分结构转移到夹具上，避开直接测量小试样标距段变形的固有逻辑，由于夹具在试验中相对非标小试样来说几乎不发生形变，所以，夹具的变形可忽略不计，所以，通过连接在夹具上的引伸计所测量的夹具与小试样的总变形，就可以作为小试样的蠕变变形结果。The design concept of the present invention is to use the fixture to replace the part used to fix and connect the extensometer at both ends of the non-standard small sample, transfer this part of the structure originally belonging to the sample to the fixture, and avoid directly measuring the gauge length of the small sample The inherent logic of deformation, because the fixture hardly deforms in the test relative to the non-standard small sample, so the deformation of the fixture can be ignored. Therefore, the fixture and the small sample measured by the extensometer connected to the fixture The total deformation can be used as the result of the creep deformation of the small sample.
本发明中夹具的选材与所适用的试样材料与温度范围如下：The material selection of the fixture in the present invention and the applicable sample material and temperature range are as follows:
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明夹具主体结构示意图Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the main structure of the fixture of the present invention
图2为图1的剖视图FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1
图3是本发明所适用的薄板小试样、圆棒小试样、薄壁圆管试样示意图Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a small sample of thin plate, a small sample of round bar, and a sample of thin-walled round tube to which the present invention is applied
图4是本夹具上段与试验机拉杆连接的装夹方式与变形测量结构示意图Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the clamping method and deformation measurement structure of the connection between the upper section of the fixture and the tie rod of the testing machine
图5是本夹具下段与试验机拉杆连接的装夹方式与变形测量结构示意图Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the clamping method and deformation measurement structure of the connection between the lower section of the fixture and the tie rod of the testing machine
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对本发明做进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below.
参见图1至图5，该种适用于非标小试样蠕变性能测试的多功能夹具，其特征在于：该夹具采用耐高温陶瓷材料制造以满足1800℃蠕变性能测试的要求，该夹具包括两个与试验机拉杆连接的连接杆，两个连接杆的形状及结构相同，连接杆是由上、中、下三段构成，上段1和下段4的长度相等，其中：Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, this multi-functional fixture suitable for creep performance test of non-standard small samples is characterized in that: the fixture is made of high temperature resistant ceramic material to meet the requirements of 1800 ℃ creep performance test. It includes two connecting rods connected to the tie rods of the testing machine. The shape and structure of the two connecting rods are the same. The connecting rods are composed of upper, middle and lower sections. The lengths of the upper section 1 and the lower section 4 are equal, among which:
上段1为圆柱状，直径为8～10mm，外表面加工有螺纹与试验机拉杆连接，沿中轴线从顶端向内加工一螺纹孔2，该螺纹孔2这盲孔，螺纹孔2的直径为孔径2.5mm，孔深10mm～15mm，在该螺纹孔2的侧面加工一个沿径向贯通上段1圆柱体的销孔Ⅰ3，沿上段1为圆柱状；The upper section 1 is cylindrical with a diameter of 8-10mm. The outer surface is machined with threads to connect with the tie rod of the testing machine. A threaded hole 2 is machined from the top to the inside along the central axis. The threaded hole 2 is a blind hole. The diameter of the threaded hole 2 is The hole diameter is 2.5mm, and the hole depth is 10mm-15mm. A pin hole I3 is machined on the side of the threaded hole 2, which penetrates the cylinder of the upper section 1 in the radial direction, and is cylindrical along the upper section 1;
下段4为圆柱体，直径为10～20mm，外表面加工有螺纹与试验机拉杆连接，沿中轴线从顶端向内加工一带台阶的台阶螺纹孔5，台阶螺纹孔5的深度为20mm，台阶面上部的孔径为3mm，台阶面上部的孔径为2mm，沿中轴线从顶端向内加工一沿径向贯通的夹槽6，夹槽6的宽度为2mm，夹槽6的深度沿中轴线到达台阶螺纹孔5的台阶位置，在该夹槽6的侧面加工一个沿径向贯通下段4圆柱体的销孔Ⅱ7；The lower section 4 is a cylinder with a diameter of 10-20mm. The outer surface is processed with threads to connect with the tie rod of the testing machine. A stepped threaded hole 5 with steps is machined inward from the top along the central axis. The depth of the stepped threaded hole 5 is 20 mm. The hole diameter of the upper part is 3mm, and the hole diameter of the upper part of the step surface is 2mm. A clamping groove 6 is machined from the top inward along the central axis in the radial direction. The width of the clamping groove 6 is 2 mm, and the depth of the clamping groove 6 reaches the step along the central axis. At the stepped position of the threaded hole 5, a pin hole II7 that penetrates the cylinder of the lower section 4 in the radial direction is machined on the side of the clamping groove 6;
上段1和下段4之间为环状的凸起8用于连接引伸计。环状的凸起8的侧面为直径2mm的半圆，环状的凸起8突出下段4的圆柱体侧面5mm。The annular protrusion 8 between the upper section 1 and the lower section 4 is used to connect the extensometer. The side surface of the annular protrusion 8 is a semicircle with a diameter of 2 mm, and the annular protrusion 8 protrudes from the cylindrical side surface of the lower section 4 by 5 mm.
本发明所述夹具的使用方法是：The using method of the fixture of the present invention is:
试验前，根据待测试样的规格和尺寸确定合适的装夹方式，然后取出本发明夹具一副，两个，将一个一端圆柱与试验机拉杆进行螺纹连接；随后开始在上夹具安装试样，对于薄板小试样8，通过夹槽6和销钉进行装夹；对于圆棒小试样9，通过夹具的上段1的螺纹孔2或下段4的台阶螺纹孔5进行螺纹装夹；对于薄壁圆管试样9，通过夹具的上段1的销孔Ⅰ3或下段4的销孔Ⅱ7进行装夹；上方的一个夹具完成试样安装后，将引伸计的套环装夹在的环状的凸起8上，然后依次完成下方夹具的试样装夹和引伸计在下方夹具的环状的凸起8上的安装，即完成整个测试系统的安装。Before the test, determine the appropriate clamping method according to the specification and size of the sample to be tested, then take out one pair of fixtures, two of the fixtures of the present invention, and screw one end of the cylinder with the tie rod of the testing machine; then start to install the sample on the upper fixture , for the thin plate small sample 8, it is clamped through the clamping groove 6 and the pin; for the round bar small sample 9, the threaded clamping is carried out through the threaded hole 2 of the upper section 1 of the fixture or the stepped threaded hole 5 of the lower section 4; Pipe sample 9 is clamped through the pin hole I3 of the upper section 1 or the pin hole II7 of the lower section 4; after the upper clamp completes the installation of the sample, the ring of the extensometer is clamped to the annular protrusion. 8, and then complete the sample clamping of the lower fixture and the installation of the extensometer on the annular protrusion 8 of the lower fixture in sequence, that is, the installation of the entire testing system is completed.
试验时，随着时间的延续，引伸计测量两个夹具的环状的凸起8之间区域的变形，包括夹具的变形和试样工作段之间的变形两部分，通过本发明的合理设计，夹具的变形εj可以完全忽略，则所测得的总变形εt即为试样工作段的变形εs。During the test, with the continuation of time, the extensometer measures the deformation of the area between the annular protrusions 8 of the two clamps, including the deformation of the clamp and the deformation between the working sections of the sample. Through the reasonable design of the present invention , the deformation ε j of the fixture can be completely ignored, then the measured total deformation ε t is the deformation ε s of the working section of the sample.
整个夹具的结构简单，安装过程简便易行，在实现试验目的的同时有效提升了试验效率、确保了系统的稳定运行。The structure of the whole fixture is simple, and the installation process is simple and easy, which effectively improves the test efficiency and ensures the stable operation of the system while achieving the test purpose.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例中，采用碳化硅陶瓷材料制成夹具。In this embodiment, the jig is made of silicon carbide ceramic material.
所述的上段1的直径为8mm，外表面带有螺纹，螺纹长度占上段1长度的2/3，其余1/3无螺纹部分靠近环状的凸起8，螺纹孔2的孔径2.5mm，孔深10mm，孔内表面带有螺纹，销孔Ⅰ3孔径3mm，其中心距上段圆柱1顶端面3mm，该圆孔配有与其内径紧配合的圆柱形销钉，长度大于上段1直径5mm。The diameter of the upper section 1 is 8mm, the outer surface is threaded, the length of the thread accounts for 2/3 of the length of the upper section 1, and the remaining 1/3 of the unthreaded part is close to the annular protrusion 8, and the hole diameter of the threaded hole 2 is 2.5mm. The hole depth is 10mm, the inner surface of the hole is threaded, the diameter of the pin hole I3 is 3mm, and its center is 3mm away from the top surface of the upper cylinder 1. The circular hole is equipped with a cylindrical pin that fits tightly with its inner diameter, and the length is 5mm longer than the diameter of the upper cylinder 1.
所述的下段4直径10mm，外表面带有螺纹，螺纹长度占下段长度的2/3，其余1/3无螺纹部分靠近环状的凸起8，台阶螺纹孔5孔深20mm，台阶面位于中间，上方的孔径为3mm，下方的孔径为2mm，台阶螺纹孔5内表面带有螺纹，夹槽6槽宽2mm，槽深10mm，销孔Ⅱ7孔径3mm，其中心距台阶面3mm，配有与其内径紧配合的圆柱形销钉，长度大于下段2直径5mm；The diameter of the lower section 4 is 10mm, and the outer surface is threaded. The length of the thread accounts for 2/3 of the length of the lower section, and the remaining 1/3 of the unthreaded part is close to the annular protrusion 8. The step threaded hole 5 has a depth of 20mm. In the middle, the upper hole is 3mm, the lower hole is 2mm, the inner surface of the step threaded hole 5 is threaded, the groove 6 is 2mm wide, and the groove depth is 10mm, the hole diameter of the pin hole Ⅱ7 is 3mm, and its center is 3mm away from the step surface. A cylindrical pin that fits tightly with its inner diameter, the length is greater than the diameter of the lower section 2 by 5mm;
所述的环状的凸起8厚2mm，直径比下段4大5mm，侧面形状为直径2mm的半圆。The annular protrusion 8 is 2mm thick, 5mm larger in diameter than the lower section 4, and has a side shape of a semicircle with a diameter of 2mm.
本实施例中，被测试样是总长34mm、厚度0.8mm的镍基单晶合金薄板小试样，试验温度1000℃，试样为哑铃状，平行段长度10mm，夹持端长度10mm，孔径3mm。将试样通过夹槽6和销钉进行连接，可实现该试样的蠕变性能测试，试样主要变形部位为中间的平行段。In this embodiment, the sample to be tested is a small nickel-based single crystal alloy sheet with a total length of 34 mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm. The test temperature is 1000°C. . By connecting the sample through the clamping groove 6 and the pin, the creep performance test of the sample can be realized, and the main deformation part of the sample is the parallel section in the middle.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例中，采用定向凝固镍基高温合金DZ125制成夹具；In this embodiment, the directional solidification nickel-based superalloy DZ125 is used to make the fixture;
所述的上段1的直径为8mm，外表面带有螺纹，螺纹长度占上段1长度的2/3，其余1/3无螺纹部分靠近环状的凸起8，螺纹孔2的孔径2.5mm，孔深10mm，孔内表面带有螺纹，销孔Ⅰ3孔径3mm，其中心距上段圆柱1顶端面3mm，该圆孔配有与其内径紧配合的圆柱形销钉，长度大于上段1直径5mm。The diameter of the upper section 1 is 8mm, the outer surface is threaded, the length of the thread accounts for 2/3 of the length of the upper section 1, and the remaining 1/3 of the unthreaded part is close to the annular protrusion 8, and the hole diameter of the threaded hole 2 is 2.5mm. The hole depth is 10mm, the inner surface of the hole is threaded, the diameter of the pin hole I3 is 3mm, and its center is 3mm away from the top surface of the upper cylinder 1. The circular hole is equipped with a cylindrical pin that fits tightly with its inner diameter, and the length is 5mm longer than the diameter of the upper cylinder 1.
所述的下段4直径10mm，外表面带有螺纹，螺纹长度占下段长度的2/3，其余1/3无螺纹部分靠近环状的凸起8，台阶螺纹孔5孔深20mm，台阶面位于中间，上方的孔径为3mm，下方的孔径为2mm，台阶螺纹孔5内表面带有螺纹，夹槽6槽宽2mm，槽深10mm，销孔Ⅱ7孔径3mm，其中心距台阶面3mm，配有与其内径紧配合的圆柱形销钉，长度大于下段2直径5mm；The diameter of the lower section 4 is 10mm, and the outer surface is threaded. The length of the thread accounts for 2/3 of the length of the lower section, and the remaining 1/3 of the unthreaded part is close to the annular protrusion 8. The step threaded hole 5 has a depth of 20mm. In the middle, the upper hole is 3mm, the lower hole is 2mm, the inner surface of the step threaded hole 5 is threaded, the groove 6 is 2mm wide, and the groove depth is 10mm, the hole diameter of the pin hole Ⅱ7 is 3mm, and its center is 3mm away from the step surface. A cylindrical pin that fits tightly with its inner diameter, the length is greater than the diameter of the lower section 2 by 5mm;
所述的环状的凸起8厚2mm，直径比下段4大5mm，侧面形状为直径2mm的半圆。The annular protrusion 8 is 2mm thick, 5mm larger in diameter than the lower section 4, and has a side shape of a semicircle with a diameter of 2mm.
本实施例中，被测试样是总长50mm，直径3mm的TiAl金属间化合物合金圆棒，试验温度750℃，试样两端分别加工有长度10mm的螺纹。将试样两端拧入夹具下段4的台阶螺纹孔5内，可实现该试样的蠕变性能测试，试样主要变形部位为螺纹中间的光滑圆棒区域。In this embodiment, the sample to be tested is a TiAl intermetallic compound alloy round bar with a total length of 50 mm and a diameter of 3 mm. The test temperature is 750° C. The two ends of the sample are respectively machined with threads with a length of 10 mm. The two ends of the sample are screwed into the stepped threaded holes 5 of the lower section 4 of the fixture, and the creep performance test of the sample can be realized. The main deformation part of the sample is the smooth round bar area in the middle of the thread.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例中，采用DD6单晶合金制成夹具。In this embodiment, DD6 single crystal alloy is used to make the fixture.
所述的上段1的直径为8mm，外表面带有螺纹，螺纹长度占上段1长度的2/3，其余1/3无螺纹部分靠近环状的凸起8，螺纹孔2的孔径2.5mm，孔深10mm，孔内表面带有螺纹，销孔Ⅰ3孔径4mm，其中心距上段圆柱1顶端面3mm，该圆孔配有与其内径紧配合的圆柱形销钉，长度大于上段1直径5mm。The diameter of the upper section 1 is 8mm, the outer surface is threaded, the length of the thread accounts for 2/3 of the length of the upper section 1, and the remaining 1/3 of the unthreaded part is close to the annular protrusion 8, and the hole diameter of the threaded hole 2 is 2.5mm. The hole depth is 10mm, the inner surface of the hole is threaded, the diameter of the pin hole I3 is 4mm, and its center is 3mm away from the top surface of the upper cylinder 1. The circular hole is equipped with a cylindrical pin that fits tightly with its inner diameter, and the length is 5mm greater than the diameter of the upper cylinder 1.
所述的下段4直径10mm，外表面带有螺纹，螺纹长度占下段长度的2/3，其余1/3无螺纹部分靠近环状的凸起8，台阶螺纹孔5孔深20mm，台阶面位于中间，上方的孔径为3mm，下方的孔径为2mm，台阶螺纹孔5内表面带有螺纹，夹槽6槽宽2mm，槽深10mm，销孔Ⅱ7孔径3mm，其中心距台阶面3mm，配有与其内径紧配合的圆柱形销钉，长度大于下段2直径5mm；The diameter of the lower section 4 is 10mm, and the outer surface is threaded. The length of the thread accounts for 2/3 of the length of the lower section, and the remaining 1/3 of the unthreaded part is close to the annular protrusion 8. The step threaded hole 5 has a depth of 20mm. In the middle, the upper hole is 3mm, the lower hole is 2mm, the inner surface of the step threaded hole 5 is threaded, the groove 6 is 2mm wide, and the groove depth is 10mm, the hole diameter of the pin hole Ⅱ7 is 3mm, and its center is 3mm away from the step surface. A cylindrical pin that fits tightly with its inner diameter, the length is greater than the diameter of the lower section 2 by 5mm;
所述的环状的凸起8厚2mm，直径比下段4大5mm，侧面形状为直径2mm的半圆。The annular protrusion 8 is 2mm thick, 5mm larger in diameter than the lower section 4, and has a side shape of a semicircle with a diameter of 2mm.
本实施例中，被测试样是总长40mm，内径8mm，厚度1mm的钛合金圆管，试验温度400℃，圆管两端加工有直径4mm的贯穿孔，靠近圆管口的孔边距离管口6mm。将圆管试样套在夹具的上段1外螺纹区，用销钉进行连接，可实现该试样的蠕变性能测试，试样主要变形部位为销孔之间的圆管区域。In this example, the sample to be tested is a titanium alloy round tube with a total length of 40 mm, an inner diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The test temperature is 400°C. The two ends of the round tube are machined with through holes with a diameter of 4 mm. 6mm. The test of the creep performance of the sample can be realized by placing the round tube sample on the outer thread area of the upper section 1 of the fixture and connecting it with a pin. The main deformation part of the sample is the round tube area between the pin holes.
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Application publication date: 20190723 |