Pressurization controllable oil injection device and method
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a pressurization controllable oil injection device and an oil injection method.
Background art:
the oil injector is mainly used for injecting lubricating oil or lubricating grease to the friction part of the mechanism in a timing and quantitative mode, so that the mechanism is always in a good lubricating state in the working process of the mechanism, and the abrasion and the power loss of the mechanism are reduced. The oil injector generally utilizes a high-pressure oil pump to provide the injection pressure of lubricating oil, and then utilizes various methods to control the injection time in a timing manner so as to realize the timing oil injection;
with the improvement of working requirements and environmental conditions, higher requirements are also provided for indexes such as the injection pressure and the injection time of the oil injector, and the mechanism expects the flexibility of the oil injection time and the oil injection time of the oil injector to be variable, so that the adjustment can be carried out according to different working conditions, lubricating oil is saved, and the optimal lubricating effect is achieved; meanwhile, in some application occasions, the friction and abrasion part of the mechanism has larger back pressure, so that the oil injection pressure of the oil injector is expected to be increased as much as possible so as to achieve better atomization effect and injection range;
the structure and the variety of the oil injectors are more, some oil injectors adopt a high-pressure air source as a pressure source of lubricating oil of the oil injectors, some adopt a mechanical pump as the pressure source, and some adopt a high-pressure servo oil pump as the pressure source, the high-pressure servo oil pump can only provide limited lubricating pressure due to the pressure limitation of the high-pressure air source, the high-pressure mechanical pump or the servo oil pump is one of effective means for improving the pressure of oil injection, for example, on a low-speed diesel engine, the traditional mechanical cylinder oil injection and lubrication system is realized by driving the mechanical oil injectors through a cam shaft, a small plunger is pushed by a cam to do reciprocating motion, the oil pumping frequency of the mechanical cylinder oil injection lubrication system is synchronous with the rotating speed of an oil extraction machine, the size of the oil injection quantity is linearly related to the change of the rotating speed of a main machine, and the oil injection;
the traditional mechanical oil injector can not adjust the pressure of an oil injection system loop, has no way of accurately adjusting the oil injection quantity, has complex manufacturing process of a cam, and is difficult to repair if worn. In order to solve the problems, an Alpha oil injector adopted by an ME/MC diesel engine of an Man company adopts an electric oil pump to provide a high-pressure common-rail servo oil source, the oil source is used as power, an electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the oil source, when the electromagnetic valve is electrified, the oil source pushes a large piston to move, the large piston pushes a plurality of small lubricating oil plungers, and the small lubricating oil plungers respectively inject lubricating oil to different nozzles; when the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the large piston and the lubricating oil plunger are reset by a spring, the device has flexible injection time and injection pressure and is a better oil injection device, and the patent 'a common rail type cylinder oil injection lubricating system' proposes to adopt a common rail type injection principle, control a cylinder lubricating oil common rail part to realize the adjustment of the lubricating oil supply pressure of the cylinder lubricating oil supply part according to requirements, and control an oil injection nozzle part to realize the adjustment of the lubricating oil injection time and the lubricating oil injection quantity according to requirements.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a pressurization controllable oil injection device and an oil injection method, which can be used for a pressurization controllable oil injection amount adjustable oil injection device for circular oil injection.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a controllable formula oiling device of pressure boost, its constitution includes: the constant-pressure pump, the constant-pressure pump be connected with oil tank, filter through pipeline respectively, the filter pass through the pipeline and be connected with relief valve, two-position four-way solenoid directional valve respectively, two-position four-way solenoid directional valve be connected with the single-action pressure cylinder, the single-action pressure cylinder front end pass through screw thread and front end housing connection, the front end housing pass through the pipeline respectively and be connected with check valve an, check valve b, check valve an with two-position four-way solenoid directional valve connect, check valve b and branching unit between install the manometer, branching unit and oiling ware between install the needle valve of check valve c ware and open the moment, control corresponding transducer excitation ultrasonic wave to measure the data of back wave.
The controllable oiling device of pressure boost, single-action pressure cylinder include the cylinder body, cylinder body internally mounted have the piston body, the piston body divide into drive chamber A, oil return chamber, drive chamber B with cylinder body inside, the circumference of piston body on have perpendicular crossing hole, the front end in perpendicular crossing hole install the check valve, the check valve front end install the spring, the spring place in spacing telescopic tang, piston body right-hand member intermediate position install the stroke adjusting screw rod, the stroke adjusting screw rod pass the terminal surface of cylinder body, dust ring and be connected with the nut through the screw thread, the recess of cylinder body front end in be equipped with the sealing washer, cylinder body surface below install proximity switch.
The pressure-increasing controllable oil injection device is characterized in that the shunt divides the oil path into a group of branches, and the group of branches are respectively connected with the one-way valve c to prevent air in the oil nozzle of the oil injector from entering the hydraulic loop.
A pressurization controllable oil injection device and an oil injection method are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, oil enters a filter, a two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and a safety valve through a constant pressure pump from an oil tank, the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve enables a piston of a pressure cylinder to realize circular reciprocating motion, an oil outlet path of the electromagnetic directional valve is provided with a branch 1 and a branch 2 when the piston of a single-action pressure cylinder moves, the branch 1 points to a driving chamber A of the single-action pressure cylinder, the branch 2 points to a driving chamber B of the single-action pressure cylinder, and a one-way valve a is connected between the branch 2 and the driving chamber B to prevent the oil from entering the oil tank when the piston of the single-action pressure cylinder moves upwards;
the single-action pressure cylinder further improves the pressure of input high-pressure oil according to the difference of diameters of two sides of the piston, a one-way valve is arranged in the piston body of the single-action pressure cylinder, the one-way valve closes a passage in the middle of the piston to prevent the oil from flowing backwards when the piston moves upwards, and the oil overcomes the pressure of a spring to open the passage to enable the oil to enter a driving chamber B of the single-action pressure cylinder when the piston moves downwards;
the single-action booster cylinder is characterized in that a buffer groove is processed on the lower end face of a large piston of the single-action booster cylinder, a step face is processed on the upper end face of the large piston to buffer the up-and-down movement of the piston, a stroke adjusting screw rod is arranged at the bottom end of the single-action booster cylinder, the screwing-in depth of the adjusting screw rod can control the displacement of the piston body, an oil outlet of the single-action booster cylinder is connected with a one-way valve b to provide certain back pressure and prevent the oil backflow of an oil injector, a proximity switch is installed on the side face of the single-action booster cylinder, and when the large piston moves to reach the detection distance of the proximity switch, an indicator light of the proximity switch is on.
Has the advantages that:
1. the power source of the pressurization controllable oil injection loop of the electromagnetic directional valve continuously outputs stable pressure by adopting the constant pressure pump, the oil inlet path of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the oil outlet of the constant pressure pump and used for controlling the reciprocating stroke movement of the pressure cylinder, when the piston of the pressure cylinder reaches the top dead center, the electromagnetic valve moves to enable the piston of the pressure cylinder to move downwards, the feedback signal of the proximity switch indicates that the piston normally operates, when the piston of the pressure cylinder reaches the bottom dead center, the electromagnetic directional valve continues to move to enable the piston to move upwards, the one-way valve is arranged inside the piston of the pressure cylinder, and the oil return function is realized when the piston body moves downwards.
The invention considers that the oil injection amount required during oil injection and lubrication depends on a lubricated object, so the stroke of the piston is required to be adjusted.
The single-action pressure cylinder has two buffer structures, the bottom of the action pressure cylinder is provided with a stroke adjusting screw rod, and a buffer groove at the bottom of a large piston of the stroke adjusting screw rod is matched with a buffer groove at the bottom of the large piston to realize a buffer function; in addition, the stroke of the piston is changed only by adjusting the screwing-in depth of the stroke adjusting screw rod, and in order to protect the front end cover, the upper end face of the large piston is provided with a step face which is matched with a groove of the cylinder body to realize the function of buffering the piston moving upwards.
The invention can pressurize the lubricating oil output by the constant pressure pump to achieve the ideal oil injection lubricating effect, and is realized by a pressurizing loop, wherein the pressurizing loop adopts a single-action pressurizing cylinder, the pressurizing ratio is utilized to pressurize the lubricating oil, the modern gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder integrates an oil pressure cylinder and a gas pressure cylinder, and uses pure gas pressure as power, but gas pressure and hydraulic pressure need to separate a gas circuit and a liquid circuit, which is different from the gas-liquid pressurizing cylinder.
The structure of the invention can increase the pressure to achieve an ideal atomization effect, can detect whether the oil cylinder is normally filled with oil, can control the oil filling amount, realizes good lubrication of the cylinder, improves the performance of lubrication equipment, and further reduces the consumption of lubricating oil.
According to the invention, the pressure gauge is arranged between the one-way valve b and the shunt, so that the pressure of the shunt can be intuitively known.
The invention adopts the two-position four-way electromagnetic valve and has the advantages of simple structure, reliable action, convenient maintenance, good sealing performance, pollution resistance, vibration resistance, long service life and the like.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic circuit of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the single-acting pressure cylinder of FIG. 1.
Wherein: 1. the oil pump comprises an oil tank, 2 parts of a constant pressure pump, 3 parts of a filter, 4 parts of a two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, 5 parts of a single-action pressure cylinder, 6 parts of a front end cover, 7 parts of a one-way valve, 8 parts of a one-way valve b, 9 parts of a pressure gauge, 10 parts of a shunt, 11 parts of the one-way valve, 12 parts of an oil injector, 13 parts of a safety valve c, 14 parts of a proximity switch 15, a one-way valve d 16, a spring 17, a sealing ring 18, a limiting sleeve, 19 parts of a stroke adjusting screw rod, 20 parts of a nut, 21
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1:
the utility model provides a controllable formula oiling device of pressure boost, its constitution includes: constant pressure pump 2, the constant pressure pump be connected with oil tank 1, filter 3 through the pipeline respectively, the filter pass through the pipeline and be connected with relief valve 13, two-position four-way solenoid directional valve 4 respectively, two-position four-way solenoid directional valve be connected with single-action pressure cylinder 5, single-action pressure cylinder front end pass through screw thread and be connected with front end housing 6, front end housing pass through pipeline and check valve a7, check valve b8 respectively and be connected, check valve a with two-position four-way solenoid directional valve connect, check valve b and shunt 10 between install manometer 9, shunt and grease squirt 12 between install the needle valve of check valve c11 ware open the moment, control corresponding transducer excitation ultrasonic wave to measure the data of reflection wave.
Example 2:
according to the pressurization controllable oiling device in the embodiment 1, the single-action pressurization cylinder comprises a cylinder body 22, a piston body 23 is installed inside the cylinder body, the piston body divides the inside of the cylinder body into a driving chamber A, an oil return chamber and a driving chamber B, vertical intersecting holes are formed in the circumference of the piston body, a check valve 15 is installed at the front end of each vertical intersecting hole, a spring 16 is installed at the front end of each check valve and placed in a spigot of a limiting sleeve 18, a stroke adjusting screw rod 19 is installed in the middle of the right end of the piston body and penetrates through the end face of the cylinder body and a dust ring 21 and is connected with a nut 20 through threads, a sealing ring 17 is installed in a groove in the front end of the cylinder body, and a proximity switch 14 is installed below the outer surface of the cylinder body.
Example 3:
according to the pressurization controllable oiling device in the embodiment 1 or 2, the shunt divides the oil path into a group of branches, and the group of branches are respectively connected with the check valve c to prevent air in the oil nozzle of the oiling device from entering the hydraulic circuit.
Example 4:
a method of injecting oil using the pressurized controllable oil injection apparatus of embodiments 1-3, the method comprising the steps of:
firstly, oil enters a filter, a two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and a safety valve through a constant pressure pump from an oil tank, the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve enables a piston of a pressure cylinder to realize circular reciprocating motion, an oil outlet path of the electromagnetic directional valve is provided with a branch 1 and a branch 2 when the piston of a single-action pressure cylinder moves, the branch 1 points to a driving chamber A of the single-action pressure cylinder, the branch 2 points to a driving chamber B of the single-action pressure cylinder, and a one-way valve a is connected between the branch 2 and the driving chamber B to prevent the oil from entering the oil tank when the piston of the single-action pressure cylinder moves upwards;
the single-action pressure cylinder further improves the pressure of input high-pressure oil according to the difference of diameters of two sides of the piston, a one-way valve is arranged in the piston body of the single-action pressure cylinder, the one-way valve closes a passage in the middle of the piston to prevent the oil from flowing backwards when the piston moves upwards, and the oil overcomes the pressure of a spring to open the passage to enable the oil to enter a driving chamber B of the single-action pressure cylinder when the piston moves downwards;
the single-action booster cylinder is characterized in that a buffer groove is processed on the lower end face of a large piston of the single-action booster cylinder, a step face is processed on the upper end face of the large piston to buffer the up-and-down movement of the piston, a stroke adjusting screw rod is arranged at the bottom end of the single-action booster cylinder, the screwing-in depth of the adjusting screw rod can control the displacement of the piston body, an oil outlet of the single-action booster cylinder is connected with a one-way valve b to provide certain back pressure and prevent the oil backflow of an oil injector, a proximity switch is installed on the side face of the single-action booster cylinder, and when the large piston moves to reach the detection distance of the proximity switch, an indicator light of the proximity switch is on.
The pressurization controllable oiling device comprises an oil tank, a constant pressure pump, a filter, a two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, a single-action pressurization cylinder, a front end cover, a one-way valve a, a one-way valve b, a pressure gauge, a shunt, a one-way valve c, an oiling device and a safety valve; a proximity switch, a one-way valve, a spring, a limiting sleeve and a piston body are arranged in the single-action pressurizing cylinder, a stroke adjusting screw rod is installed at the bottom of the single-action pressurizing cylinder through a nut, and the top of the single-action pressurizing cylinder is connected with a front end cover through threads;
the oil inlet of the constant pressure pump is connected with an oil tank, one side of the oil outlet is connected with a safety valve and used for continuously providing constant pressure for a hydraulic loop, and the flow rate changes according to the change of external resistance;
the filter is connected with the constant pressure pump and is used for primarily filtering the lubricating oil;
the oil inlet path of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the filter and is used for controlling the reciprocating stroke motion of the pressure cylinder; when the piston body of the pressure cylinder reaches the top dead center, the electromagnetic valve acts to enable the piston of the cylinder body hydraulic cylinder to move downwards, and when the piston body of the pressure cylinder reaches the bottom dead center, the electromagnetic directional valve acts to enable the piston to move upwards, so that the power-on and power-off frequency of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is changed to change the oil injection frequency;
the oil outlet path of the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is provided with two branches 1 and 2 when the single-action pressure cylinder piston moves, the branch 1 points to the driving chamber A, the branch 2 points to the driving chamber B, and a one-way valve a is connected between the branch 2 and the driving chamber B, so that lubricating oil is prevented from flowing back to an oil tank when the single-action pressure cylinder piston moves upwards;
the single-action pressure cylinder is connected with an oil outlet of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and used for increasing the constant pressure output by the constant pressure pump, and the single-action pressure cylinder is provided with 3 chambers which are respectively a driving chamber A, a driving chamber B and an oil return chamber; a front end cover is arranged at an outlet of a driving chamber B of the pressure cylinder; the one-way valve is arranged in the piston body of the single-action pressure cylinder, when the piston moves upwards, oil is prevented from flowing backwards, when the piston moves downwards, the one-way valve is pushed by the pressure of lubricating oil, a passage opens the oil to enter the driving chamber B, and the side surface of the large piston of the single-action pressure cylinder is provided with a proximity switch; a stroke adjusting screw rod is arranged at the bottom of the single-action pressurizing cylinder;
the stroke adjusting screw rod of the single-action pressurizing cylinder is fixed at the bottom of the single-action pressurizing cylinder by two opposite-top nuts and a sealing ring;
the bottom of the large piston of the piston body of the single-action pressure cylinder is provided with a buffer groove; when the piston moves downwards, the piston is matched with the stroke adjusting screw rod to realize a buffering function, the upper end surface of the piston is provided with a step, and when the large piston moves upwards, the piston is matched with the cylinder body to realize the buffering function.